Power amplification device, radio frequency front-end equipment and mobile terminal
By using independently packaged low-frequency and mid-to-high-frequency power amplifiers, the amplification paths of low-frequency and mid-to-high-frequency radio frequency signals are controlled separately, thus solving the problem of the impact of low-frequency harmonic interference on the quality of mid-to-high-frequency signals in multi-frequency multi-mode power amplifiers and achieving high-quality amplification of multi-band signals.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Multi-frequency, multi-mode power amplifiers are prone to interfering with mid-to-high frequency signals when amplifying low-frequency signals, leading to a decrease in the quality of mid-to-high frequency signals.
The low-frequency power amplifier and the mid-to-high-frequency power amplifier are packaged separately. The low-frequency radio frequency signal and the mid-to-high-frequency radio frequency signal are amplified on independent paths and controlled by the low-frequency controller and the mid-to-high-frequency controller respectively to ensure that the two are isolated from each other.
While supporting multiple frequency bands, it solves the problem of low-frequency harmonic interference affecting the quality of mid- and high-frequency signals, thereby improving the quality of mid- and high-frequency signals.
Smart Images
Figure CN224054230U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a power amplification device, a radio frequency front-end device and a mobile terminal. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, modern communication devices need to support multiple frequency bands to meet the network requirements of different regions and operators. Therefore, multi-frequency multi-mode power amplifiers have emerged. Multi-frequency multi-mode power amplifiers can support multiple frequency bands (such as low, medium and high frequencies) in one device.
[0003] However, when amplifying low-frequency signals, multi-frequency multi-mode power amplifiers are prone to interfere with medium and high-frequency signals. Specifically, the harmonics of the amplified low-frequency signals may fall into the frequency band of the medium and high-frequency signals, thereby causing the quality of the medium and high-frequency signals to decrease. Therefore, there is currently a problem of low quality of medium and high-frequency signals caused by harmonic interference of low frequencies.
[0004] The above content is only used to assist in understanding the technical solutions of the present application and does not represent the acknowledgement of the above content as prior art. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a power amplification device, a radio frequency front-end device and a mobile terminal, which aims to solve the problem of low quality of medium and high-frequency signals caused by harmonic interference of low frequencies.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a kind of power amplification device, the power amplification device includes low-frequency power amplifier and medium-high frequency power amplifier respectively independently encapsulated, the low-frequency power amplifier includes low-frequency controller, and low-frequency radio frequency input end, low-frequency amplification unit and low-frequency output end are connected in turn, the low-frequency controller is connected with the low-frequency amplification unit, the medium-high frequency power amplifier includes medium-high frequency controller, and medium-high frequency radio frequency input end, medium-high frequency amplification unit and medium-high frequency output end are connected in turn, the medium-high frequency controller is connected with the medium-high frequency amplification unit;
[0007] The low-frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the low-frequency radio frequency input end, amplified by the low-frequency amplification unit controlled by the low-frequency controller, and output from the low-frequency output end;
[0008] The medium-high frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the medium-high frequency radio frequency input end, amplified by the medium-high frequency amplification unit controlled by the medium-high frequency controller, and output from the medium-high frequency output end.
[0009] In a feasible embodiment, the low-frequency power amplifier further includes a low-frequency band selection switch connected to the low-frequency amplification unit and the low-frequency output end.
[0010] In an embodiment, the low frequency output end comprises a plurality of low frequency sub-band output ends, and the low frequency band selection switch comprises a plurality of low frequency sub-band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding low frequency sub-band output end.
[0011] In an embodiment, the power amplifying device further comprises an antenna, a first frequency divider, a low frequency integration switch, and a preset number of low frequency duplexers;
[0012] The preset number of low frequency duplexers are connected to the low frequency integration switch, the low frequency integration switch is connected to the first frequency divider, and the first frequency divider is connected to the antenna.
[0013] Each of the low frequency duplexers is connected to a corresponding low frequency sub-band output end.
[0014] In an embodiment, the medium-high frequency amplifier further comprises a medium frequency band selection switch and a high frequency band selection switch, the medium-high frequency radio frequency input end comprises a medium frequency radio frequency input end and a high frequency radio frequency input end, the medium-high frequency amplifying unit comprises a medium frequency amplifying unit and a high frequency amplifying unit, and the medium-high frequency output end comprises a medium frequency output end and a high frequency output end.
[0015] The medium-high frequency controller is connected to the medium frequency amplifying unit and the high frequency amplifying unit, the medium frequency radio frequency input end, the medium frequency amplifying unit, the medium frequency band selection switch, and the medium frequency output end are sequentially connected.
[0016] The high frequency radio frequency input end, the high frequency amplifying unit, the high frequency band selection switch, and the high frequency output end are sequentially connected.
[0017] In an embodiment, the medium frequency output end comprises a preset number of medium frequency sub-band output ends, the medium frequency band selection switch comprises a preset number of medium frequency sub-band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding medium frequency sub-band output end, and each of the medium frequency sub-band contacts is connected to a medium frequency sub-band output end.
[0018] The high frequency output end comprises a preset number of high frequency sub-band output ends, the high frequency band selection switch comprises a preset number of high frequency sub-band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding high frequency sub-band output end, and each of the high frequency sub-band contacts is connected to a high frequency sub-band output end.
[0019] In an embodiment, the power amplifying device further comprises a medium frequency integration switch, a high frequency integration switch, a second frequency divider, a preset number of medium frequency duplexers, and a preset number of high frequency duplexers.
[0020] Pre-set number of intermediate frequency duplexers are connected with the intermediate frequency integrated switch, and pre-set number of high frequency duplexers are connected with the high frequency integrated switch;
[0021] Each of the intermediate frequency duplexers is connected with a corresponding intermediate frequency sub-band output end, and each of the intermediate frequency duplexers is connected with one intermediate frequency sub-band output end.
[0022] Each of the high frequency duplexers is connected with a corresponding high frequency sub-band output end, and each of the high frequency duplexers is connected with one high frequency sub-band output end.
[0023] The intermediate frequency integrated switch and the high frequency integrated switch are connected with the second frequency divider, and the second frequency divider is connected with the first frequency divider in the power amplification device.
[0024] In an available embodiment, the low frequency power amplifier and the medium-high frequency power amplifier each have the same package size.
[0025] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a radio frequency front-end device, which comprises the power amplification device as described above.
[0026] In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a mobile terminal, which comprises the power amplification device as described above.
[0027] The power amplification device comprises a low frequency power amplifier and a medium-high frequency power amplifier which are independently packaged, the low frequency power amplifier comprises a low frequency controller, a low frequency radio frequency input end, a low frequency amplification unit and a low frequency output end which are connected in sequence, the low frequency controller is connected with the low frequency amplification unit, the medium-high frequency power amplifier comprises a medium-high frequency controller, a medium-high frequency radio frequency input end, a medium-high frequency amplification unit and a medium-high frequency output end which are connected in sequence, and the medium-high frequency controller is connected with the medium-high frequency amplification unit.
[0028] Since the low-frequency power amplifier and the medium-high frequency power amplifier are independently packaged, the low-frequency radio frequency input end and the medium-high frequency radio frequency input end are isolated from each other, the low-frequency amplification unit and the medium-high frequency amplification unit are isolated from each other, and the low-frequency output end and the medium-high frequency output end are also isolated from each other, and since the low-frequency radio frequency input signal to be amplified is input from the low-frequency radio frequency input end, amplified by the low-frequency amplification unit controlled by the low-frequency controller, and output from the low-frequency output end, and the medium-high frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the medium-high frequency radio frequency input end, amplified by the medium-high frequency amplification unit controlled by the medium-high frequency controller, and output from the medium-high frequency output end, therefore, the paths of the low-frequency radio frequency signal amplification and the medium-high frequency radio frequency signal amplification are different and isolated from each other, and therefore, the harmonic signal generated by the low-frequency power amplifier when amplifying the low-frequency radio frequency signal will not affect the signal quality of the medium-high frequency power amplifier.
[0029] Since the power amplification device includes the low-frequency power amplifier and the medium-high frequency power amplifier, the problem of low medium-high frequency signal quality caused by low-frequency harmonic interference can be solved in the case of supporting multiple frequency bands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the application.
[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.
[0032] Figure 1 The module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power amplification device of the present application;
[0033] Figure 2 The module connection schematic diagram of the low-frequency power amplifier in the power amplification device of the present application;
[0034] Figure 3 The packaging port schematic diagram corresponding to the low-frequency power amplifier in the power amplification device of the present application;
[0035] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the low-frequency frequency band selection switch included in the low-frequency power amplifier in the power amplification device of the present application;
[0036] Figure 5The utility model discloses low frequency power amplifier, low frequency duplexer, low frequency integrated switch, first frequency divider and antenna's connection schematic drawing of the power amplification device.
[0037] Figure 6 The utility model discloses the module connection schematic drawing of the power amplification device corresponding middle high frequency power amplifier.
[0038] Figure 7 The utility model discloses the packaging port schematic drawing of the power amplification device corresponding middle high frequency power amplifier.
[0039] Figure 8 The utility model discloses the structure schematic drawing of the middle high frequency band selection switch that the power amplification device corresponding middle high frequency power amplifier includes.
[0040] Figure 9 The utility model discloses the connection schematic drawing of the power amplification device corresponding middle high frequency power amplifier, middle frequency integrated switch, high frequency integrated switch, second frequency divider, first frequency divider and antenna.
[0041] The purpose realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
[0042] Explanation of the attached drawings:
[0043] 1000, power amplification device, 100, low frequency power amplifier, 200, middle high frequency power amplifier, 110, low frequency controller, 120, low frequency amplification unit, 130, low frequency radio frequency input end, 140, low frequency output end, 150, low frequency band selection switch, 210, middle high frequency controller, 221, middle frequency amplification unit, 222, high frequency amplification unit, 230, middle high frequency radio frequency input end, 231, middle frequency radio frequency input end, 232, high frequency radio frequency input end, 240, middle high frequency output end, 251, middle frequency band selection switch, 252, high frequency band selection switch, 300, low frequency integrated switch, 400, first frequency divider, 500, antenna, LS1~LS7, multiple low frequency duplexers, MS1~MS4, multiple middle frequency duplexers, HS1~HS4, multiple high frequency duplexers, 600, second frequency divider, 700, middle frequency integrated switch, 800, high frequency integrated switch, LB1~LB7, multiple low frequency sub frequency band output ends, MB1~MB4, multiple middle frequency sub frequency band output ends, HB1~HB4, multiple high frequency sub frequency band output ends, D0, low frequency selection contact, D1~D7, low frequency sub frequency band contact, Z0, middle frequency selection contact, Z1~Z4, middle frequency sub frequency band contact, H0, high frequency selection contact, H1~H4, high frequency sub frequency band contact. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and should not be used to limit the present application.
[0045] It should be noted that the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) described herein are merely used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.
[0046] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second" and the like in the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of a person skilled in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions contradicts each other or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the protection scope required by the present application.
[0047] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the following will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.
[0048] In the mobile communication module, the power amplifier (PA, Power Amplifier) is one of the most critical radio frequency front-end devices. The packaging size of PA is unified to 4mmx6.8mm in the industry, and the low frequency band (less than 1GHz) and the high frequency band (more than 1GHz and less than 3GHz) are integrated in the package. Multi-band support functions.
[0049] However, since the low frequency band and the middle-high frequency band are integrated in the same PA, when the low frequency band works, the non-linear characteristics of the PA can cause the generation of harmonics. These harmonics (such as second harmonics or third harmonics) can fall into the frequency band range of the middle-high frequency band and be leaked or reflected through the middle-high frequency port, thereby causing interference to the signal reception of the middle-high frequency band. For example, the second harmonics (such as 1.4 GHz for the second harmonics of 700 MHz (Megahertz, MHz)) or the third harmonics (such as 2.1 GHz for the third harmonics of 700 MHz) of the low frequency band signal can directly enter the middle-high frequency receiving frequency band (such as 1.8 GHz or 2.1 GHz), causing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the middle-high frequency receiving signal to decrease. The harmonic interference can significantly reduce the sensitivity of the middle-high frequency receiver, affecting the communication quality (such as the increase of the error rate and the decrease of the throughput). In the multi-band coexistence scenario (such as carrier aggregation (CA)), the interference of the low frequency band harmonics to the middle-high frequency band can limit the overall performance of the system, thereby affecting the performance of the communication device and the user experience.
[0050] Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of power amplification device, since low frequency power amplifier and middle-high frequency power amplifier are respectively independent encapsulation, it is explained, low frequency radio frequency input end 130 and middle-high frequency radio frequency input end are mutually isolated, low frequency amplification unit 120 and middle-high frequency amplification unit 220 are mutually isolated, low frequency output end 140 and middle-high frequency output end 240 are also mutually isolated, and since the low frequency radio frequency input signal to be amplified is input from low frequency radio frequency input end 130, is amplified after being controlled by the low frequency controller 110 the low frequency amplification unit 120, from the low frequency output end 140 output, and the middle-high frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from middle-high frequency radio frequency input end 230, is amplified after being controlled by the middle-high frequency controller 210 the middle-high frequency amplification unit 220, from the middle-high frequency output end 240 output, so, the path of low frequency radio frequency signal amplification and the path of middle frequency radio frequency signal amplification are different, and are mutually isolated, so, the harmonic signal generated when low frequency power amplifier amplifies low frequency radio frequency signal also does not affect the signal quality of middle-high frequency power amplifier.
[0051] Meanwhile, since the power amplification device includes low frequency power amplifier and middle-high frequency power amplifier, in the case of supporting multiple frequency bands, the problem of low middle-high frequency signal quality caused by low frequency harmonic interference can be solved.
[0052] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of power amplification device 1000, refer to Figure 1The power amplification device 1000 comprises a low-frequency power amplifier and a medium-high-frequency power amplifier which are independently encapsulated respectively, the low-frequency power amplifier comprises a low-frequency controller 110, and a low-frequency radio frequency input end 130, a low-frequency amplification unit 120 and a low-frequency output end 140 which are connected in sequence, the low-frequency controller 110 is connected to the low-frequency amplification unit 120, and the medium-high-frequency power amplifier comprises a medium-high-frequency controller 210, and a medium-high-frequency radio frequency input end 230, a medium-high-frequency amplification unit 220 and a medium-high-frequency output end 240 which are connected in sequence, the medium-high-frequency controller 210 is connected to the medium-high-frequency amplification unit 220;
[0053] The low-frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the low-frequency radio frequency input end 130, amplified by the low-frequency amplification unit 120 controlled by the low-frequency controller 110, and output from the low-frequency output end 140.
[0054] The medium-high-frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the medium-high-frequency radio frequency input end 230, amplified by the medium-high-frequency amplification unit 220 controlled by the medium-high-frequency controller 210, and output from the medium-high-frequency output end 240.
[0055] It should be noted that the power amplification device 1000 can simultaneously support low-frequency bands, medium-frequency bands and high-frequency bands. The low-frequency power amplifier 100 and the medium-high-frequency power amplifier 200 are independently encapsulated respectively, that is, the ports of the low-frequency power amplifier 100 are not arranged on the same encapsulation mold as the ports of the medium-high-frequency power amplifier 200. The encapsulation mold can be used to encapsulate the low-frequency power amplifier 100, or can be used to encapsulate the medium-high-frequency power amplifier 200. The independently encapsulated low-frequency power amplifier 100 can be flexibly arranged on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and the independently encapsulated medium-high-frequency power amplifier 200 can also be flexibly arranged on the PCB.
[0056] The low-frequency power amplifier 100 can be used to amplify signals of low-frequency bands, and the medium-high-frequency power amplifier 200 can be used to amplify signals of medium-high-frequency bands. The medium-high-frequency bands include medium-frequency bands and high-frequency bands. The low-frequency bands, the medium-frequency bands and the high-frequency bands can be divided according to frequencies. The frequency range of the low-frequency bands is smaller than the frequency range of the medium-frequency bands, and is also smaller than the frequency range of the high-frequency bands.
[0057] The low-frequency band generally refers to a frequency range between 30 MHz and 1 GHz. The signal wavelength of the low-frequency band is relatively long, and the propagation loss is small, which is suitable for wide-area coverage (such as rural and remote areas). The signal of the low-frequency band has strong penetration capability: the signal of the low-frequency band can better penetrate buildings and other obstacles, and is suitable for indoor deep coverage. The medium-frequency band generally refers to a frequency range between 1 GHz and 3 GHz. The medium-frequency band can provide a larger bandwidth and support a higher data transmission rate. The high-frequency band generally refers to a frequency range between 3 GHz and 6 GHz. The high-frequency band can provide a larger bandwidth and support a higher data transmission rate. However, the wavelength of the high-frequency signal is relatively short, and the propagation loss is relatively large.
[0058] The low-frequency controller 110 is connected to the low-frequency amplification unit 120. The low-frequency controller 110 can control the low-frequency amplification unit 120 to amplify the low-frequency radio frequency signal. The low-frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified can be generated by a radio frequency transceiver. The radio frequency transceiver can generate a low-frequency radio frequency signal. The radio frequency transceiver includes a low-frequency radio frequency transmitting end. The low-frequency radio frequency input end 130 is connected to the low-frequency radio frequency transmitting end of the radio frequency transceiver. The low-frequency radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency transceiver can be output from the low-frequency radio frequency transmitting end to the low-frequency radio frequency input end 130. The low-frequency output end 140 can output the amplified low-frequency radio frequency signal.
[0059] The medium-high frequency controller 210 is connected to the medium-high frequency amplification unit 220. The medium-high frequency amplification unit 220 can include a medium-frequency amplification unit and a high-frequency amplification unit. The medium-high frequency controller 210 is connected to the medium-frequency amplification unit and the high-frequency amplification unit. The medium-high frequency radio frequency signal can include a medium-frequency radio frequency signal and a high-frequency radio frequency signal. The medium-high frequency controller 210 can control the medium-frequency amplification unit to amplify the medium-frequency radio frequency signal. The medium-high frequency controller 210 can control the high-frequency amplification unit to amplify the high-frequency radio frequency signal. The medium-frequency radio frequency signal and the high-frequency radio frequency signal can also be generated by a radio frequency transceiver. The radio frequency transceiver further includes a medium-frequency radio frequency transmitting end and a high-frequency radio frequency transmitting end. The medium-frequency radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency transceiver can be output from the medium-frequency radio frequency transmitting end. The high-frequency radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency transceiver can be output from the high-frequency radio frequency transmitting end. The medium-high frequency radio frequency input end 230 includes a medium-frequency radio frequency input end and a high-frequency radio frequency input end. The medium-frequency radio frequency input end is connected to the medium-frequency radio frequency transmitting end. The high-frequency radio frequency input end is connected to the high-frequency radio frequency transmitting end. The medium-frequency radio frequency signal can be input from the medium-frequency radio frequency input end. The high-frequency radio frequency signal can be input from the high-frequency radio frequency input end. The medium-high frequency output end 240 can also include a medium-frequency output end and a high-frequency output end. The amplified medium-frequency radio frequency signal is output from the medium-frequency output end. The amplified high-frequency radio frequency signal is output from the high-frequency output end. The medium-frequency output end and the medium-frequency radio frequency input end are connected to the medium-frequency amplification unit. The high-frequency output end and the high-frequency radio frequency input end are connected to the high-frequency amplification unit.
[0060] In the embodiment, since the low-frequency power amplifier and the medium-high frequency power amplifier are independently packaged, the low-frequency radio frequency input end 130 and the medium-high frequency radio frequency input end 230 are isolated from each other, the low-frequency amplification unit 120 and the medium-high frequency amplification unit 220 are isolated from each other, and the low-frequency output end 140 and the medium-high frequency output end 240 are isolated from each other. Since the low-frequency radio frequency input signal to be amplified is input from the low-frequency radio frequency input end 130, amplified by the low-frequency amplification unit 120 controlled by the low-frequency controller 110, and output from the low-frequency output end 140, and the medium-high frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the medium-high frequency radio frequency input end 230, amplified by the medium-high frequency amplification unit 220 controlled by the medium-high frequency controller 210, and output from the medium-high frequency output end 240, the paths of the low-frequency radio frequency signal amplification and the medium-high frequency radio frequency signal amplification are different and isolated from each other. Therefore, the harmonic signal generated by the low-frequency power amplifier when amplifying the low-frequency radio frequency signal does not affect the signal quality of the medium-high frequency power amplifier.
[0061] Since the power amplification device includes the low-frequency power amplifier and the medium-high frequency power amplifier, the problem of low medium-high frequency signal quality caused by low-frequency harmonic interference can be solved in the case of supporting multiple frequency bands.
[0062] In a feasible embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the low-frequency power amplifier further includes a low-frequency frequency band selection switch 150 connected to the low-frequency amplification unit 120 and the low-frequency output end 140.
[0063] It should be noted that the low-frequency frequency band selection switch 150 can be a multi-pole switch, and the low-frequency frequency band selection switch 150 includes a low-frequency selection contact and a plurality of low-frequency sub-band contacts connected to the low-frequency output end 140. The low-frequency frequency band selection switch 150 can be based on the frequency band of the amplified signal, and the low-frequency sub-band contact corresponding to the frequency band is closed to transmit the amplified low-frequency radio frequency signal.
[0064] In a feasible embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the low-frequency output end 140 includes a plurality of low-frequency sub-band output ends, and the low-frequency frequency band selection switch 150 includes a plurality of low-frequency sub-band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding low-frequency sub-band output end.
[0065] It should be noted that the low-frequency power amplifier 100 can include a plurality of low-frequency sub-band output ends LB1-LB7. Each low-frequency sub-band output end can transmit a corresponding low-frequency frequency band, and different low-frequency sub-band output ends can support different low-frequency frequency bands at the same time. For example, in the embodiment, the low-frequency power amplifier 100 includes seven low-frequency sub-band output ends LB1-LB7, and each low-frequency sub-band output end LB1-LB7 can transmit a corresponding low-frequency frequency band.Figure 3 The low-frequency power amplifier 100 can correspond to seven low-frequency sub-band output ends LB1-LB7.
[0066] Since the low-frequency power amplifier 100 can be independently packaged, the low-frequency power amplifier 100 can also correspond to multiple available ports, so the low-frequency power amplifier 100 can correspond to seven low-frequency sub-band output ends. The global low-frequency band can also be divided into seven categories, so the low-frequency power amplifier 100 in the embodiment can support processing seven categories of low-frequency bands, and without external switches, the low-frequency power amplifier 100 can support global bands, thereby simplifying the design of the radio frequency front end. In the traditional radio frequency front end design, since low, medium, and high frequencies are integrated in the same power amplifier, the number of available ports is limited, so the traditional power amplifier cannot support all global low-frequency bands. Usually, an external switch is needed to switch the signal path of different frequency bands, which increases the hardware complexity and cost. Therefore, in the low-frequency power amplifier 100 in the embodiment, global low-frequency bands can be supported, thereby eliminating the need for external switch switching.
[0067] The low-frequency band selection switch 150 can be a multi-pole switch, and the low-frequency band selection switch 150 includes a low-frequency selection contact D0, a plurality of low-frequency sub-band contacts D1-D7. The number of low-frequency sub-band contacts can be the same as the number of low-frequency sub-band output ends. For example, the low-frequency selection switch can also be seven low-frequency sub-band contacts, and the low-frequency sub-band contacts D1-D7 are connected to the low-frequency sub-band output ends LB1-LB7, respectively. Figure 4 The low-frequency power amplifier 100 is a schematic diagram of the inside of the low-frequency power amplifier 100, one end of the low-frequency amplification unit 120 is connected to the low-frequency band selection switch 150, and the other end of the low-frequency amplification unit 120 can be connected to the low-frequency radio frequency input end 130. For example, when the low-frequency radio frequency signal input from the low-frequency radio frequency input end 130 is amplified to a low-frequency band A, and the low-frequency sub-band output end LB2 contains the low-frequency band A, the D0 and D2 in the low-frequency band selection switch 150 are closed, so that the amplified signal can be transmitted from the low-frequency sub-band output end LB2.
[0068] For example, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3LB1-LB7 in the low frequency power amplifier are 7 low frequency sub-band output ends, each of which can support 7 different low frequency bands, and the low frequency bands supported by each low frequency sub-band output end can be set based on actual conditions, and the embodiment does not make specific limitations thereon, for example, the 7 different low frequency bands each correspond to a frequency band between 30MHz and 1GHz, for example, 600MHz frequency band, 700MHz frequency band, 800MHz frequency band, 850MHz frequency band, 900MHz frequency band, 470-862MHz frequency band, etc.
[0069] Referring again to Figure 3 , Figure 3 a packaging schematic of the low frequency power amplifier is shown, Figure 3 1-23 in the low frequency power amplifier are pins of the corresponding packaging, and the low frequency power amplifier has a total of 23 pins, wherein the ports corresponding to each pin are respectively SCLK: serial clock port, used for synchronizing data transmission; SDATA: serial data port, used for transmitting data; VIO: I / O voltage pin, used for setting the voltage level of the input / output signal; VBAT: battery voltage input port, which can be used for direct connection of battery power supply; LB1-LB7: low frequency sub-band output end; RFIN_L corresponds to the low frequency radio frequency input end 130; NC: No Connect port, indicating that the port does not need to be connected in the circuit; VCC1 and VCC2 are both power input ports, usually used for providing working voltage; and GND represents the ground port.
[0070] In a feasible embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , the power amplification device further comprises an antenna 500, a first frequency divider 400, a low frequency integration switch 300, and a preset number of low frequency duplexers;
[0071] The preset number of low frequency duplexers are connected with the low frequency integration switch 300, the low frequency integration switch 300 is connected with the first frequency divider 400, and the first frequency divider 400 is connected with the antenna 500;
[0072] Each of the low frequency duplexers is connected with a corresponding low frequency sub-band output end.
[0073] It should be noted that the antenna 500 can be used for transmitting signals and receiving signals, the duplexer can be used for separating transmitting signals and receiving signals, the low frequency duplexer can be used for separating transmitting signals and receiving signals of low frequency bands, and the preset number of low frequency bands can be 7, for example, Figure 5The low frequency duplexers are LS1-LS7. The low frequency integration switch 300 can combine the signals output by the low frequency sub-band output ends and transmit the signals to the first frequency divider 400. The first frequency divider 400 can be used to transmit the signals of the low frequency band integrated by the low frequency integration switch 300 to the antenna 500. The low frequency integration switch 300 can also be a multi-pole switch. The low frequency integration switch 300 includes a plurality of integration contacts, each of which is connected to a low frequency duplexer. The low frequency integration switch 300 further includes a total integration contact, which is connected to the first frequency divider 400.
[0074] When the amplified low frequency radio frequency signal is output from the low frequency output end 140, it will sequentially pass through the low frequency duplexer, the low frequency integration switch 300, the first frequency divider 400, and the antenna 500. For example, when the amplified low frequency radio frequency signal is output from the low frequency sub-band output end LB1, the low frequency duplexer passed through is the low frequency duplexer LS1 connected to the low frequency sub-band output end LB1. For example, referring to the low frequency power amplifier in Figure 5 , Figure 5 , only the low frequency output end 140 is shown. Other modules of the low frequency power amplifier are not shown in Figure 5 . The plurality of low frequency duplexers included in the power amplifying device are the low frequency duplexers LS1-LS7 shown in Figure 5 . In this embodiment, a plurality of low frequency duplexers are provided, so that each low frequency sub-band output end can not interfere with each other, thereby improving the flexibility of signal transmission of each low frequency sub-band output end.
[0075] In a feasible embodiment, referring to Figure 6 , the medium-high frequency amplifier further includes a medium frequency band selection switch 251 and a high frequency band selection switch 252. The medium-high frequency radio frequency input end 230 includes a medium frequency radio frequency input end 231 and a high frequency radio frequency input end 232. The medium-high frequency amplifying unit 220 includes a medium frequency amplifying unit 221 and a high frequency amplifying unit 222. The medium-high frequency output end 240 includes a medium frequency output end and a high frequency output end.
[0076] The medium-high frequency controller 210 is connected to the medium frequency amplifying unit 221 and the high frequency amplifying unit 222. The medium frequency radio frequency input end 231, the medium frequency amplifying unit 221, the medium frequency band selection switch 251, and the medium frequency output end are sequentially connected.
[0077] The high frequency radio frequency input end 232, the high frequency amplifying unit 222, the high frequency band selection switch 252, and the high frequency output end are sequentially connected.
[0078] It should be noted that the medium-high frequency controller 210 can control the medium frequency amplifying unit 221 to amplify the medium frequency radio frequency signal, and the medium-high frequency controller 210 can control the high frequency amplifying unit 222 to amplify the high frequency radio frequency signal.
[0079] The intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 can be a multi-throw switch, and the intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 includes an intermediate frequency selection contact Z0 and a plurality of intermediate frequency sub-band contacts Z1-Z4 connected to an intermediate frequency output end. The intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 can be based on the frequency band of the amplified signal, and the intermediate frequency sub-band contact corresponding to the frequency band is closed to transmit the amplified intermediate frequency radio frequency signal.
[0080] The high frequency band selection switch 252 can be a multi-throw switch, and the high frequency band selection switch 252 includes a high frequency selection contact H0 and a plurality of high frequency sub-band contacts H1-H4 connected to a high frequency output end. The high frequency band selection switch 252 can be based on the frequency band of the amplified signal, and the high frequency sub-band contact corresponding to the frequency band is closed to transmit the amplified high frequency radio frequency signal.
[0081] The intermediate frequency radio frequency input end 231 can include a first intermediate frequency radio frequency input end and a second intermediate frequency radio frequency input end, both of which can receive the intermediate frequency radio frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency transceiver, and both of which can be connected to the intermediate frequency radio frequency transmission end of the radio frequency transceiver. Thus, multiple ports can receive intermediate frequency radio frequency signals, improving the flexibility of receiving intermediate frequency radio frequency signals.
[0082] In a feasible embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The intermediate frequency output end includes a preset number of intermediate frequency sub-band output ends, the intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 includes a preset number of intermediate frequency sub-band contacts, each intermediate frequency sub-band contact is connected to a corresponding intermediate frequency sub-band output end, and each intermediate frequency sub-band contact is connected to an intermediate frequency sub-band output end.
[0083] The high frequency output end includes a preset number of high frequency sub-band output ends, the high frequency band selection switch 252 includes a preset number of high frequency sub-band contacts, each high frequency sub-band contact is connected to a corresponding high frequency sub-band output end, and each high frequency sub-band contact is connected to a high frequency sub-band output end.
[0084] It should be noted that the intermediate frequency power amplifier can include a plurality of intermediate frequency band ports. Each intermediate frequency sub-band output end can transmit a respective corresponding intermediate frequency band, and different intermediate frequency sub-band output ends can support different intermediate frequency bands at the same time. The preset number of intermediate frequencies can be 4, for example, in Figure 7 4 intermediate frequency sub-band output ends are shown in the figure, which are MB1-MB4.
[0085] The intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 can be a multi-throw switch, and the intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 includes an intermediate frequency selection contact Z0, and a preset number of intermediate frequency sub-band contacts. The number of intermediate frequency sub-band contacts can be the same as the number of intermediate frequency sub-band output ends. For example, the intermediate frequency selection switch can also include four intermediate frequency sub-band contacts, and the intermediate frequency sub-band contacts Z1-Z4 are respectively connected to the low frequency sub-band output ends MB1-MB4. Figure 8 A brief schematic diagram of the intermediate frequency power amplifier is shown in Figure 8 The intermediate frequency amplification unit 221 in the intermediate frequency power amplifier is denoted by 221, one end of the intermediate frequency amplification unit 221 is connected to the intermediate frequency band selection switch 251, and the other end of the intermediate frequency amplification unit 221 can be connected to the intermediate frequency radio frequency input port. For example, the intermediate frequency amplification unit 221 can be connected to the first intermediate frequency radio frequency input port RFIN_M1 and the second intermediate frequency radio frequency input port RFIN_M2. For example, when the frequency band to which the amplified signal of the intermediate frequency radio frequency signal input from RFIN_M1 or RFIN_M2 belongs is the intermediate frequency band B, and the intermediate frequency band port MB2 contains the intermediate frequency band B, Z0 and Z2 in the intermediate frequency band selection switch 251 are closed, so that the amplified signal can be transmitted from the intermediate frequency band port MB2.
[0086] The high frequency power amplifier can include a plurality of high frequency band ports. Each high frequency sub-band output end can transmit a respective corresponding high frequency band, and different high frequency sub-band output ends can support different high frequency bands at the same time. A preset number of high frequencies can be four, for example, in Figure 7 Four high frequency sub-band output ends are shown in
[0087] The high frequency band selection switch 252 can be a multi-throw switch, and the high frequency band selection switch 252 includes a high frequency selection contact G0, and a preset number of high frequency sub-band contacts. The number of high frequency sub-band contacts can be the same as the number of high frequency sub-band output ends. For example, the high frequency selection switch can also include four high frequency sub-band contacts, and the high frequency sub-band contacts G1-G4 are respectively connected to the low frequency sub-band output ends HB1-HB4. In Figure 8 The high frequency selection switch shown in the middle can also realize the switching of the receiving and transmitting modes of the high frequency power amplifier. For example, Figure 8 If the right arrow in the middle is closed with the black contact, then the high frequency output end 240 in the high frequency power amplifier is in the signal receiving mode, and the high frequency output end receives external high frequency signals. If the right arrow is closed with the white contact, then the high frequency output end in the high frequency power amplifier is in the signal transmitting mode, and the high frequency output end transmits signals to the outside, Figure 8 The high frequency selection switch shown in the middle can still realize the switching of the high frequency band. For example, when Figure 8 A brief schematic diagram of the high frequency power amplifier is shown inFigure 8 In the embodiment, one end of the high frequency amplification unit 222 is connected with the high frequency band selection switch 252, and the other end of the high frequency amplification unit 222 can be connected with the high frequency radio frequency input end. For example, when the high frequency radio frequency signal input from the high frequency radio frequency input end is amplified to a signal belonging to a high frequency band B, and the high frequency band port HB2 contains the high frequency band B, G0 and G2 in the high frequency band selection switch 252 are closed, so that the amplified signal can be transmitted from the high frequency band port HB2.
[0088] For example, referring to Figure 7 , Figure 7 1-23 in the embodiment are pins of a package corresponding to the medium-high frequency power amplifier, and the medium-high frequency power amplifier has 23 pins in total. The ports corresponding to the pins are respectively SCLK, SDATA, VIO, VBAT, MB1-4, HB1-4, VCC1, VCC2, and GND. SCLK is a serial clock port, used for synchronizing data transmission. SDATA is a serial data port, used for transmitting data. VIO is an I / O voltage pin, used for setting the voltage level of an input / output signal. VBAT is a battery voltage input port, which can be used for directly connecting a battery for power supply. MB1-4 are medium frequency subdivided band ports. HB1-4 are high frequency subdivided band ports. VCC1 and VCC2 are power input ports, usually used for providing working voltages. GND represents a ground port. Figure 7 In the embodiment, RFIN_H can refer to a high frequency radio frequency input end, RFIN_M1 is a first medium frequency radio frequency input end, and RFIN_M2 is a second medium frequency radio frequency input end. HBRX is a high frequency receiving signal port. NC represents an unconnected port. In the embodiment, the NC in the medium-high frequency power amplifier can also be set as an MBRX port, so that the medium frequency power amplifier can switch between receiving and transmitting modes. The embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.
[0089] Further, referring to Figure 9 In an available embodiment, the power amplification device further comprises a medium frequency integration switch 700, a high frequency integration switch 800, a second frequency divider 600, a preset number of medium frequency duplexers, and a preset number of high frequency duplexers;
[0090] The preset number of medium frequency duplexers are connected with the medium frequency integration switch 700, and the preset number of high frequency duplexers are connected with the high frequency integration switch 800;
[0091] Each medium frequency duplexer is connected with a corresponding medium frequency subdivided band output end, and each medium frequency duplexer is connected with one medium frequency subdivided band output end;
[0092] Each high frequency duplexer is connected with a corresponding high frequency subdivided band output end, and each high frequency duplexer is connected with one high frequency subdivided band output end;
[0093] The intermediate frequency integration switch 700 and the high frequency integration switch 800 are connected to the second frequency divider 600, and the second frequency divider 600 is connected to the first frequency divider 400 in the power amplifier device.
[0094] It should be noted that the intermediate frequency duplexer can be used to separate the transmitting signal and the receiving signal in the intermediate frequency band. The intermediate frequency integration switch 700 can combine the signals output by each intermediate frequency sub-output end and transmit the signals to the second frequency divider 600. The second frequency divider 600 can be used to isolate and transmit the signals in the intermediate frequency band integrated by the intermediate frequency integration switch 700 to the first frequency divider 400. The high frequency duplexer can be used to separate the transmitting signal and the receiving signal in the high frequency band. The high frequency integration switch 800 can combine the signals output by each high frequency sub-output end and transmit the signals to the second frequency divider 600. The second frequency divider 600 can be used to isolate and transmit the signals in the high frequency band integrated by the high frequency integration switch 800 to the first frequency divider 400.
[0095] The intermediate frequency integration switch 700 can also be a multi-throw switch. The intermediate frequency integration switch 700 includes a plurality of intermediate frequency integration contacts, each integration contact being connected to an intermediate frequency duplexer. The intermediate frequency integration switch 700 further includes an intermediate frequency total integration contact, and the intermediate frequency total integration contact is connected to the second frequency divider 600. The high frequency integration switch 800 can also be a multi-throw switch. The high frequency integration switch 800 includes a plurality of high frequency integration contacts, each integration contact being connected to a high frequency duplexer. The high frequency integration switch 800 further includes a high frequency total integration contact, and the high frequency total integration contact is connected to the second frequency divider 600.
[0096] When the amplified intermediate frequency radio frequency signal is output from the intermediate frequency output end, it will pass through the intermediate frequency duplexer, the intermediate frequency integration switch 700, the second frequency divider 600, the first frequency divider 400, and the antenna 500 in sequence. For example, when the amplified intermediate frequency radio frequency signal is output from the intermediate frequency sub-output end MB1, the intermediate frequency duplexer that passes through is the intermediate frequency duplexer MS1 connected to the intermediate frequency sub-output end MB1.
[0097] When the amplified high frequency radio frequency signal is output from the high frequency output end, it will pass through the high frequency duplexer, the high frequency integration switch 800, the second frequency divider 600, the first frequency divider 400, and the antenna 500 in sequence. For example, when the amplified high frequency radio frequency signal is output from the high frequency sub-output end MB1, the high frequency duplexer that passes through is the high frequency duplexer MS1 connected to the high frequency sub-output end MB1. For example, refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 The intermediate frequency output end and the high frequency output end of the intermediate-high frequency power amplifier shown in Figure 9Other modules of the middle-high frequency power amplifier are not shown. In the embodiment, the low frequency integration switch is directly connected to the first frequency divider, the middle frequency integration switch and the low frequency integration switch are connected to the second frequency divider, and the second frequency divider is merged into the first frequency divider again to form physical isolation and further reduce the inter-frequency band coupling. In the embodiment, multiple middle frequency duplexers and multiple high frequency duplexers are arranged, so that the middle frequency duplexers and / or the high frequency duplexers can be flexibly started based on requirements.
[0098] Further, in another possible embodiment, the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 each correspond to the same packaging size.
[0099] It should be noted that the packaging size can reflect the packaging size of the power amplifier, the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 each correspond to the same packaging size, so the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 can be packaged with the same packaging mold, and the manufacturing mold cost can be saved. The packaging size of the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 each corresponds to 3mm x 3mm.
[0100] In addition, the packaging size of the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 each corresponds to 3mm x 3mm. The size of the conventional power amplifier integrated with low, middle and high frequencies is 4mm x 6.8mm, and the packaging size is reduced in the embodiment. Since the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 are independently packaged, the layout of the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 can be more flexible, and the isolation between the low frequency and the middle-high frequency is also increased.
[0101] In other embodiments, the packaging size of the low frequency power amplifier 100 and the middle-high frequency power amplifier 200 each can be different to adapt to different requirements of users.
[0102] In addition, the application embodiment also provides a radio frequency front-end device, which includes the power amplification device provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.
[0103] Since the radio frequency front-end device of the embodiment includes the power amplification device of the above-mentioned embodiments, it has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments. The specific working process and principle of the power amplification device are described in detail in the power amplification device provided by each embodiment. Details are described above and will not be repeated here. They are all within the protection scope of the embodiment.
[0104] In addition, the application embodiment also provides a mobile terminal, which includes the power amplification device provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.
[0105] Since the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment includes the power amplification device provided in the above-mentioned embodiments, the mobile terminal has the beneficial effects provided in the above-mentioned embodiments. The specific working process and principle of the power amplification device are described in the power amplification devices provided in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described here again, and are within the protection scope of the present embodiment.
[0106] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent processing scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A power amplifying device, characterized by comprising: The power amplification device comprises a low-frequency power amplifier and a medium-high-frequency power amplifier which are independently encapsulated, the low-frequency power amplifier comprises a low-frequency controller, a low-frequency radio frequency input end, a low-frequency amplification unit and a low-frequency output end which are connected in sequence, the low-frequency controller is connected to the low-frequency amplification unit, and the medium-high-frequency power amplifier comprises a medium-high-frequency controller, a medium-high-frequency radio frequency input end, a medium-high-frequency amplification unit and a medium-high-frequency output end which are connected in sequence, and the medium-high-frequency controller is connected to the medium-high-frequency amplification unit; A low-frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the low-frequency radio frequency input end, amplified by the low-frequency amplification unit controlled by the low-frequency controller, and output from the low-frequency output end; A medium-high-frequency radio frequency signal to be amplified is input from the medium-high-frequency radio frequency input end, amplified by the medium-high-frequency amplification unit controlled by the medium-high-frequency controller, and output from the medium-high-frequency output end.
2. The power amplifying device of claim 1, wherein The low-frequency power amplifier further comprises a low-frequency frequency band selection switch, and the low-frequency frequency band selection switch is connected to the low-frequency amplification unit and the low-frequency output end.
3. The power amplifying device of claim 2, wherein The low-frequency output end comprises a plurality of low-frequency subdivided frequency band output ends, and the low-frequency frequency band selection switch comprises a plurality of low-frequency subdivided frequency band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding low-frequency subdivided frequency band output end.
4. The power amplifying device of claim 3, wherein The power amplification device further comprises an antenna, a first frequency divider, a low-frequency integration switch and a preset low-frequency number of low-frequency duplexers; The preset low-frequency number of low-frequency duplexers are connected to the low-frequency integration switch, the low-frequency integration switch is connected to the first frequency divider, and the first frequency divider is connected to the antenna; Each of the low-frequency duplexers is connected to a corresponding low-frequency subdivided frequency band output end.
5. The power amplifying device of claim 1, wherein The medium-high-frequency power amplifier further comprises a medium-frequency frequency band selection switch and a high-frequency frequency band selection switch, the medium-high-frequency radio frequency input end comprises a medium-frequency radio frequency input end and a high-frequency radio frequency input end, the medium-high-frequency amplification unit comprises a medium-frequency amplification unit and a high-frequency amplification unit, and the medium-high-frequency output end comprises a medium-frequency output end and a high-frequency output end; The medium-high-frequency controller is connected to the medium-frequency amplification unit and the high-frequency amplification unit, and the medium-frequency radio frequency input end, the medium-frequency amplification unit, the medium-frequency frequency band selection switch and the medium-frequency output end are connected in sequence. The high-frequency radio frequency input end, the high-frequency amplification unit, the high-frequency frequency band selection switch and the high-frequency output end are connected in sequence.
6. The power amplifying device of claim 5, wherein The medium-frequency output end comprises a preset medium-frequency number of medium-frequency subdivided frequency band output ends, the medium-frequency frequency band selection switch comprises a preset medium-frequency number of medium-frequency subdivided frequency band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding medium-frequency subdivided frequency band output end, and each of the medium-frequency subdivided frequency band contacts is connected to a medium-frequency subdivided frequency band output end. The high-frequency output end comprises a preset high-frequency number of high-frequency subdivided frequency band output ends, the high-frequency frequency band selection switch comprises a preset high-frequency number of high-frequency subdivided frequency band contacts, each of which is connected to a corresponding high-frequency subdivided frequency band output end, and each of the high-frequency subdivided frequency band contacts is connected to a high-frequency subdivided frequency band output end.
7. The power amplifying device of claim 6, wherein The power amplification device further comprises intermediate frequency integration switches, high frequency integration switches, a second frequency divider, preset intermediate frequency number of intermediate frequency duplexers, and preset high frequency number of high frequency duplexers; The preset intermediate frequency number of intermediate frequency duplexers are connected with the intermediate frequency integration switches, and the preset high frequency number of high frequency duplexers are connected with the high frequency integration switches; Each intermediate frequency duplexer is connected with a corresponding intermediate frequency sub-band output end, and each intermediate frequency duplexer is connected with one intermediate frequency sub-band output end; Each high frequency duplexer is connected with a corresponding high frequency sub-band output end, and each high frequency duplexer is connected with one high frequency sub-band output end; The intermediate frequency integration switches and the high frequency integration switches are connected with the second frequency divider, and the second frequency divider is connected with the first frequency divider in the power amplification device.
8. The power amplifying device of claim 1, wherein The corresponding package sizes of the low frequency power amplifier and the medium-high frequency power amplifier are same.
9. A radio frequency front-end device, the device comprising: The radio frequency front-end device comprises the power amplification device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A mobile terminal, characterized by The mobile terminal comprises the power amplification device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.