Acetylene and polyol alkylation reaction device

Abstract

The utility model provides an acetylene and polyol alkylation reaction device, the reaction device comprises a reaction tank body, the reaction tank body sequentially comprises a polyol spraying section from top to bottom, the top of the polyol spraying section is provided with a polyol sprayer mounted on the reaction tank body, and the polyol sprayer is used for spraying polyol downwards; the filler section is provided with a filler grid mounted on the reaction tank body, and filler is supported on the filler grid; the bottom of the acetylene distribution section is provided with an acetylene distributor mounted on the reaction tank body, and the acetylene distributor is used for outputting acetylene upwards so as to enable the acetylene to be distributed in the reaction tank body. Through the arrangement, the contact area of acetylene and polyol can be increased, so that the mass transfer efficiency is improved, the reaction time is shortened, and the generation of impurities is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of reaction apparatus technology, and in particular to an apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene and polyols. Background Technology

[0002] Alkylation of acetylene with polyols is an important class of organic synthesis reactions, primarily achieved through selective addition controlled by catalysts to produce polyol monovinyl ether compounds. Specifically, the alkylation of acetylene with polyols (such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 1,4-butanediol) is usually carried out in a catalyst system composed of alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide, sometimes requiring the addition of cesium hydroxide as a co-catalyst. For example, the combination of KOH and CsOH can promote the addition reaction of ethylene glycol with acetylene, producing ethylene glycol monovinyl ether and ethylene glycol divinyl ether. Adding CsOH can reduce the formation of ethylene glycol divinyl ether.

[0003] The existing alkylation reaction apparatus for acetylene and polyols has the following technical problems: the small contact area between acetylene and polyols leads to low mass transfer efficiency, long reaction time, many impurities, and poor selectivity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide an acetylene-polyol alkylation reaction apparatus that can increase the contact area between acetylene and polyol, thereby improving mass transfer efficiency, reducing reaction time, and decreasing impurity generation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This application provides an apparatus for the alkylation reaction of acetylene and polyols. The apparatus includes a reaction tank, which comprises, from top to bottom: a polyol spraying section, with a polyol sprayer installed on the top of the polyol spraying section and used to spray polyol downwards; a packing section, with a packing grid installed on the reaction tank and packing material supported on the packing grid; and an acetylene distribution section, with an acetylene distributor installed on the bottom of the acetylene distribution section and used to output acetylene upwards so that the acetylene is distributed within the reaction tank.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the polyol sprayer includes: a vertical pipe, the upper end of which extends out of the reaction vessel for connecting to the polyol input pipeline; an annular spray pipe, the lower end of which is connected to the annular spray pipe; and several spray heads, which are installed on the annular spray pipe along its length and spray a conical polyol liquid mist downwards.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the acetylene distributor includes: an acetylene inlet bend and an acetylene outlet bend, both of which are downwardly curved "L" shapes; and an annular gas distribution pipe, the opposite ends of which are connected to the acetylene inlet bend and the acetylene outlet bend, respectively, and the lower end of the annular gas distribution pipe is provided with several gas outlets along the length of the annular gas distribution pipe.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the packing grid includes: a fixed grid, which includes a plurality of parallel grid bars; and a movable grid, which includes four grid plates forming a rectangular frame. The four grid plates include two first grid plates and two second grid plates arranged opposite each other. The two first grid plates are fixedly installed on two grid bars of the fixed grid, and the two second grid plates are respectively fixedly connected to the two first grid plates and can be adjusted in installation position along the length direction of the first grid plates.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the packing material is corrugated stainless steel packing.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the polyol sprayer further includes: several threaded connectors, which are installed on the annular spray pipe along the length of the annular spray pipe, and the upper end of the threaded connectors is installed on the inner wall of the reaction vessel.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0013] The acetylene and polyol alkylation reaction apparatus of this application has a three-section arrangement inside the reaction tank. A packing section is set between the polyol spraying section and the acetylene distribution section. The packing material supported on the packing section can increase the contact area between acetylene and polyol, thereby improving mass transfer efficiency, reducing reaction time, and reducing impurity generation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the acetylene-polyol alkylation reaction apparatus of this application;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polyol sprayer of this application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the polyol sprayer of this application;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the acetylene distributor of this application;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a top view of the acetylene distributor of this application;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the packing grid in this application;

[0020] The components are: 1. Reaction tank; 11. Polyol spray section; 111. Polyol sprayer; 1111. Vertical pipe; 1112. Circular spray pipe; 1113. Spray head; 1114. Threaded connector; 12. Packing section; 121. Packing grid; 1211. Fixed grid; 1211a. Grid bar; 1212. Movable grid; 1212a. First grid plate; 1212b. Second grid plate; 13. Acetylene distribution section; 131. Acetylene distributor; 1311. Acetylene inlet bend; 1312. Acetylene outlet bend; 1313. Circular gas distribution pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an acetylene and polyol alkylation reaction apparatus. The reaction apparatus includes a reaction tank 1, which, from top to bottom, includes a polyol spray section 11, a packing section 12, and an acetylene distribution section 13.

[0023] The top of the polyol spray section 11 is equipped with a polyol sprayer 111 installed on the reaction tank 1. The polyol sprayer 111 is used to spray polyol downwards.

[0024] The packing section 12 is provided with a packing grid 121 installed on the reaction vessel body 1, and the packing is supported on the packing grid 121.

[0025] In this application, the packing material is corrugated stainless steel packing. The corrugated structure of the corrugated stainless steel packing significantly increases the specific surface area through specially designed corrugation angles (typically 30° or 45°) and surface micropores (such as small holes with a diameter of 0.4-0.5 mm). For example, the corrugated plates of corrugated 304 stainless steel packing can provide 40% more contact area than conventional packing.

[0026] The bottom of the acetylene distribution section 13 is provided with an acetylene distributor 131 installed on the reaction vessel 1. The acetylene distributor 131 is used to output acetylene upward so that the acetylene is distributed in the reaction vessel 1.

[0027] The acetylene and polyol alkylation reaction apparatus of this application has a reaction tank 1 with a three-section arrangement inside. A packing section 12 is set between the polyol spraying section 11 and the acetylene distribution section 13. The packing material supported on the packing section 12 can increase the contact area between acetylene and polyol, thereby improving mass transfer efficiency, reducing reaction time, and reducing impurity generation.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the polyol sprayer 111 further includes: a vertical pipe 1111, an annular spray pipe 1112, and several spray heads 1113. The upper end of the vertical pipe 1111 extends out of the reaction vessel 1 to connect to the polyol input pipeline, and the lower end of the vertical pipe 1111 is connected to the annular spray pipe 1112. The vertical pipe 1111 is vertically arranged to facilitate the downward flow of polyol due to gravity, thereby increasing the flow rate of polyol. Several spray heads 1113 are installed on the annular spray pipe 1112 along the length of the annular spray pipe 1112, and the spray heads 1113 spray conical polyol liquid mist downwards. Through the above arrangement, the polyol can be evenly distributed throughout the entire cross-section of the packing section 12. In this application, the spray head 1113 adopts a 60° wide-angle atomizing nozzle.

[0029] Furthermore, the polyol sprayer 111 also includes: a plurality of threaded connectors 1114, which are installed on the annular spray pipe 1112 along the length of the annular spray pipe 1112, and the upper end of the threaded connectors 1114 is installed on the inner wall of the reaction vessel 1.

[0030] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the acetylene distributor 131 further includes: an acetylene inlet bend 1311, an acetylene outlet bend 1312, and an annular gas distribution pipe 1313. Both the acetylene inlet bend 1311 and the acetylene outlet bend 1312 are downwardly curved in an "L" shape. The opposite ends of the annular gas distribution pipe 1313 are connected to the acetylene inlet bend 1311 and the acetylene outlet bend 1312, respectively. The lower end of the annular gas distribution pipe 1313 has several outlets along its length. Since the lower end of the reaction vessel 1 has a concave arc shape, this application arranges the acetylene inlet bend 1311, the acetylene outlet bend 1312, and the annular gas distribution pipe 1313 in a "┐_┌" shape, so that the annular gas distribution pipe 1313 is as close as possible to the bottom of the reaction vessel 1, thereby increasing the upward flow distance of acetylene and helping to distribute acetylene evenly throughout the entire reaction vessel 1. Furthermore, the circular gas distribution pipe 1313 is designed to ensure that acetylene is evenly distributed throughout the entire reaction vessel 1.

[0031] like Figure 6As shown, the packing grid 121 further includes a fixed grid 1211 and a movable grid 1212. The fixed grid 1211 includes a plurality of parallel grid bars 1211a; the movable grid 1212 includes four grid plates forming a rectangular frame. The four grid plates include two first grid plates 1212a and two second grid plates 1212b arranged opposite each other. The two first grid plates 1212a are fixedly installed on the two grid bars 1211a of the fixed grid 1211, and the two second grid plates 1212b are respectively fixedly connected to the two first grid plates 1212a and can be adjusted in installation position along the length direction of the first grid plates 1212a.

[0032] Specifically, the first grid plate 1212a may have a plurality of bolt holes along the length direction of the first grid plate 1212a for mounting the second grid plate 1212b. The second grid plate 1212b is mounted at different bolt holes by bolts so as to adjust the mounting position of the second grid plate 1212b along the length direction of the first grid plate 1212a.

[0033] The packing material is supported on the fixed grid 1211 and located on the outer periphery of the movable grid 1212. The fixed grid 1211 is generally a rigid frame (such as 304 stainless steel) fixed by welding or bolting, and the grid spacing is customized according to the packing size. The fixed grid 1211 serves to support and limit the packing, preventing displacement of the packing material due to polyol impact. According to the polyol flow rate, the installation position of the two first grid plates 1212a can be adjusted along the length direction of the first grid plate 1212a to adjust the opening of the packing grid 121, thereby optimizing the packing contact area. In addition, the arrangement of the fixed grid 1211 and the movable grid 1212 ensures that the packing material is basically distributed in a ring on the packing grid 121. The ring distribution of the packing material is adapted to the ring spray of polyol and the ring gas distribution of acetylene. On the other hand, the opening in the middle of the movable grid 1212 facilitates the flow of acetylene in the reaction tank 1 and helps to distribute acetylene evenly in the reaction tank 1.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. "A plurality" or "several" indicates at least two. Unless otherwise stated, terms such as "front," "back," "left," "right," "lower," and / or "upper" are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0035] The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application specification and appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene with a polyol, said reaction apparatus comprising a reaction vessel, characterised in that, The inside of the reaction tank body comprises, from top to bottom, in sequence: a polyol spraying section, the top of which is provided with a polyol sprayer mounted on the reaction tank body, the polyol sprayer being used to spray polyol downward; a filler section, which is provided with a filler grid mounted on the reaction tank body, the filler grid supporting fillers; an acetylene distribution section, the bottom of which is provided with an acetylene distributor mounted on the reaction tank body, the acetylene distributor being used to output acetylene upward so as to distribute acetylene in the reaction tank body.

2. The apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene with a polyol according to claim 1, characterized in that The polyol sprayer comprises: a vertical connecting pipe, the upper end of which extends out of the reaction tank body for connecting a polyol input pipeline; a circular annular spraying pipe, the lower end of the vertical connecting pipe being connected to the circular annular spraying pipe; a plurality of spraying heads, which are mounted on the circular annular spraying pipe along the length direction of the circular annular spraying pipe, the spraying heads spraying conical polyol mist downward.

3. The apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene with a polyol according to claim 2, characterized in that The acetylene distributor comprises: an acetylene input elbow and an acetylene output elbow, both of which are in the shape of a downward-bent "L"; a circular annular gas distribution pipe, the opposite ends of which are connected to the acetylene input elbow and the acetylene output elbow respectively, the lower end of the circular annular gas distribution pipe being provided with a plurality of gas outlets along the length direction of the circular annular gas distribution pipe.

4. The apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene with a polyol according to claim 3, characterized in that The filler grid comprises: a fixed grid, which comprises a plurality of parallelly arranged grid bars; a movable grid, which comprises four grid plates arranged in the shape of a rectangular frame, the four grid plates comprising two oppositely arranged first grid plates and two oppositely arranged second grid plates, the two first grid plates being fixedly mounted on two grid bars of the fixed grid, and the two second grid plates being fixedly connected with the two first grid plates and being capable of adjusting the mounting position along the length direction of the first grid plates.

5. The apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene with a polyol according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fillers are corrugated stainless steel fillers.

6. The apparatus for the alkylation of acetylene with a polyol according to claim 2, characterized in that The polyol sprayer further comprises: a plurality of threaded connectors, which are mounted on the circular annular spraying pipe along the length direction of the circular annular spraying pipe, the upper end of the threaded connector being mounted on the inner wall of the reaction tank body.

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