Optimized structure of working device of loading machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optimized structure of a loader working device, which comprises a bucket and a front frame which are in transmission connection through a movable arm and a rocker arm, the top end of the rocker arm is hinged on a quick-change frame arranged on the back of the bucket through a connecting rod, the front end and the rear end of the movable arm are respectively hinged with the quick-change frame and the front frame, and the bottom end of the rocker arm is hinged with the movable arm. The movable arm comprises variable-section arm plates symmetrically arranged on the two sides, each arm plate comprises a front section and a rear section, the arm plates on the two sides are connected through a front cross beam and a rear cross beam which are located on the front section and the rear section respectively, the widths of the front section and the rear section are gradually increased from the ends to the middle, a transition area is an arc section, and the minimum width position of the front section is larger than the maximum width position of the rear section. Cylinder pieces are arranged at the arc sections of the arm plates on the two sides, rocker arm connecting plates parallel to the arm plates are installed on the cylinder pieces, the front ends of the rocker arm connecting plates are connected with the front cross beam, and reinforcing assemblies attached to the peripheral face of the front cross beam are arranged at the two ends of the front cross beam. The structure improves the strength, rigidity, stability and working efficiency, and reduces the design cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of loader technology, and in particular relates to an optimized structure of a loader working device. Background Technology

[0002] The loader's working device is its core component, typically including the boom, bucket, linkage, and hydraulic cylinders. Its design quality directly affects the loader's working efficiency, service life, and safety. Traditional loader working device design methods usually rely on empirical design and overall modeling analysis, which have the following problems:

[0003] (1) Structural redundancy: The material thickness in some areas is too large, resulting in structural redundancy and increasing the weight of the whole machine;

[0004] (2) Stress concentration: Stress concentration in certain areas can easily lead to fatigue cracks and affect service life.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an optimized structure for the working device of a loader. Through simulation analysis, the structure of the boom and bucket is optimized and designed, reducing stress concentration and significantly improving structural performance and service life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an optimized structure for a loader working device. Through simulation analysis and structural optimization, the strength, rigidity, stability, and working efficiency of the working device are improved, while reducing design costs.

[0007] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] This utility model provides an optimized structure for a loader working device, including a bucket and a front frame connected by a boom and a rocker arm transmission. The top of the rocker arm is hinged to a quick-change frame mounted on the back of the bucket via a connecting rod. The front and rear ends of the boom are respectively hinged to the quick-change frame and the front frame, and the bottom end of the rocker arm is hinged to the boom. The boom includes variable cross-section boom plates symmetrically arranged on both sides. The boom plates include a front section and a rear section. The two boom plates are connected by a front crossbeam and a rear crossbeam located on the front and rear sections, respectively. The width of the front and rear sections gradually increases from the ends to the middle, and the transition area is an arc segment. The minimum width of the front section is greater than the maximum width of the rear section. A cylindrical component is provided at the arc segment of both boom plates. A rocker arm connecting plate parallel to the boom plate is installed on the cylindrical component. The front end of the rocker arm connecting plate is connected to the front crossbeam. The two ends of the front crossbeam are provided with reinforcing components that fit against its outer circumference.

[0009] Furthermore, the front crossbeam is cylindrical, and the reinforcing component is a wavy reinforcing rib attached to its outer circumference.

[0010] Furthermore, the back of the bucket is symmetrically provided with mounting bases, the mounting bases having downward-opening U-shaped fixing grooves and positioning through holes located below the U-shaped fixing grooves. The quick-change frame includes side assembly plates symmetrically arranged on both sides, each side assembly plate including at least two parallel vertical plates. The top of the two side assembly plates is provided with an upper connecting pipe that engages with the U-shaped fixing groove. The lower part of each side assembly plate is provided with a lower connecting pipe that engages with the boom pin hole. The lower connecting pipe is coaxially engaged with the positioning through hole. Horizontal reinforcing ribs are provided between adjacent vertical plates.

[0011] Furthermore, an intermediate component is provided between the two side assembly plates of the quick-change frame. The intermediate component includes two parallel intermediate plates. The intermediate plates are provided with pin holes that are hinged to the connecting rods. A predetermined gap is maintained between the intermediate plates and the side assembly plates through a spacing plate. A horizontal fixing plate is provided below the intermediate component. The two ends of the horizontal fixing plate are welded and fixed to the inner vertical plates of the two side assembly plates respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the two side assembly plates has a limiting block on its outer vertical plate that is close to the lower connecting pipe. The end face of the limiting block matches the back contour of the bucket and is used to control the tilting angle of the bucket.

[0013] Furthermore, the rocker arm includes rocker arm plates symmetrically arranged on both sides. The two rocker arm plates are connected by a first connecting pipe located at the front end and a second connecting pipe located at the rear end. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are respectively hinged to the bottom end of the connecting rod and the rocker arm connecting plate. The front end of the two rocker arm plates is provided with an arc-shaped cover plate that fits its edge.

[0014] Furthermore, the front frame is equipped with a boom cylinder and a rocker arm cylinder. The rocker arm plate is provided with a pin hole near the first connecting pipe that is connected to one end of the rocker arm cylinder. The boom plate is provided with a corresponding arc segment that is connected to one end of the boom cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a blade plate is welded to the bottom of the bucket, and the blade plate is provided with several evenly arranged detachable bucket teeth, with a protective cover on the top of the bucket teeth.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] This utility model effectively optimizes the stress distribution of the boom by designing a variable cross-section boom plate. The boom connecting plate is fixed in parallel with the front crossbeam by a cylindrical component on the inner plate surface of the boom plate, which enhances the torsional stiffness of the boom. The reinforcing components at both ends of the front crossbeam adopt a fitted design, which significantly improves the load-bearing capacity of the hinge point. The overall structure improves the structural reliability while reducing the amount of material used, and comprehensively solves the industry problem of balancing lightweight and high strength of loader working devices.

[0018] Through optimized design, this utility model significantly improves the strength and rigidity of the working device, reduces deformation and stress concentration under stress, reduces fatigue damage, extends the service life of the working device, makes operation more stable, and improves the working efficiency of the loader. Through simulation analysis and optimized design, the number of physical tests is reduced, thus lowering design costs and time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an optimized structure for a loader working device according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket and its hydraulic quick-change structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the swing arm structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the boom structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the boom plate structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the boom cylinder structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the simulation analysis results of the boom and bucket of this utility model.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Bucket; 1-1. Protective cover; 1-2. Bucket teeth; 1-3. Cutting blade; 2. Quick-change frame; 2-1. Transverse reinforcing rib; 2-2. Upper connecting pipe; 2-3. Lower connecting pipe; 2-4. Limiting block; 2-5. Outer vertical plate; 2-6. Inner vertical plate; 2-7. Middle vertical plate; 3. Boom connecting pin; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Rocker arm; 5-1. Cover plate; 5-2. First connecting pipe; 5-3. Rocker arm cylinder connecting pin; 5-4. Rocker arm plate; 5-5. Second connecting pipe; 6. Boom; 6-1. Boom plate; 6-2. Cylinder; 6-3. Rocker arm connecting plate; 6-4. Wavy reinforcing rib; 6-5. Rear crossbeam; 7. Boom cylinder connecting pin; 8. Boom cylinder; 8-1. Cylinder rod; 8-2. Cylinder barrel; 9. Rocker arm cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides an optimized structure for a loader working device, including a bucket 1 and a front frame connected by a boom 6 and a rocker arm 5. The top end of the rocker arm 5 is hinged to a quick-change frame 2 mounted on the back of the bucket 1 via a connecting rod 4. The front end and rear end of the boom 6 are respectively hinged to the quick-change frame 2 and the front frame, and the bottom end of the rocker arm 5 is hinged to the boom 6. The boom 6 includes variable cross-section boom plates symmetrically arranged on both sides. The boom plates include a front section and a rear section. The two boom plates are connected by a front crossbeam and a rear crossbeam 6-5 located in the front section and the rear section, respectively. The width of the front section and the rear section gradually increases from the end to the middle, and the transition area is an arc segment. The minimum width of the front section is greater than the maximum width of the rear section. A cylindrical member 6-2 is provided at the arc segment of both sides of the boom plate. A rocker arm connecting plate 6-3 parallel to the boom plate is installed on the cylindrical member 6-2. The front end of the rocker arm connecting plate 6-3 is connected to the front crossbeam. The two ends of the front crossbeam are provided with reinforcing components that fit against its outer circumference.

[0032] This utility model effectively optimizes the stress distribution of the boom by designing a variable cross-section boom plate. The boom connecting plate is fixed in parallel with the front crossbeam by a cylindrical component on the inner plate surface of the boom plate, which enhances the torsional stiffness of the boom. The reinforcing components at both ends of the front crossbeam adopt a fitted design, which significantly improves the load-bearing capacity of the hinge point. The overall structure improves the structural reliability while reducing the amount of material used, and comprehensively solves the industry problem of balancing lightweight and high strength of loader working devices.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides an optimized structure for a loader working device, including a bucket 1, a quick-change frame 2, a connecting rod 4, a rocker arm 5, a boom 6, and a front frame. The quick-change frame 2 is installed on the back of the bucket 1. The front ends of the connecting rod 4 and the boom 6 are both connected to the bucket 1 via the quick-change frame 2. The top of the rocker arm 5 is connected to the connecting rod 4, and the top of the rocker arm 5 is connected to the boom 6. The boom 6 includes boom plates 6-1 distributed on both sides. The boom plates 6-1 include a front section and a rear section. The two boom plates are connected by a front crossbeam and a rear crossbeam 6-5 located in the front and rear sections, respectively. The width of the front and rear sections gradually increases from the ends to the middle, exhibiting a variable cross-section design. The transition zone of the section is an arc segment, with the minimum width of the front section being greater than the maximum width of the rear section. Both sides of the boom plate 6-1 have a cylindrical component 6-2 at the arc segment. A rocker arm connecting plate 6-3, parallel to the boom plate 6-1, is mounted on the cylindrical component 6-2. The front end of the rocker arm connecting plate 6-3 is connected to the front crossbeam, enhancing stability and lowering the center of gravity of the entire working device. The front crossbeam has reinforcing components attached to its outer circumference at both ends. The tubular design of the front crossbeam is a key stress-bearing part of the boom. The reinforcing components are corrugated reinforcing ribs 6-4 attached to the outer circumference of the front crossbeam, improving the strength and rigidity of the working device and reducing deformation and stress concentration under load. Figure 7 ).

[0035] Specifically, the boom of this utility model is the main load-bearing component of the working device, connecting the front frame of the loader and the bucket 1. It is welded from high-strength steel plates with a box-shaped cross-section and internal reinforcing ribs to improve rigidity. The boom plate of the boom adopts a variable cross-section design to reduce stress concentration. The connection between the bucket 1 and the rocker arm adopts a hinge design to ensure flexibility.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the back of the bucket 1 is symmetrically provided with mounting bases. The mounting bases have downward-opening U-shaped fixing grooves and positioning through holes located below the U-shaped fixing grooves. The quick-change frame 2 includes side assembly plates symmetrically arranged on both sides. Each side assembly plate includes at least two parallel vertical plates. The top of each side assembly plate is provided with an upper connecting pipe 2-2 that engages with the U-shaped fixing groove. The lower part of each side assembly plate is provided with a lower connecting pipe 2-3 that engages with the boom pin hole. The boom pin hole fixes the front end of the boom to the quick-change frame 2 through the boom connecting pin 3. The lower connecting pipe 2-3 is coaxially engaged with the positioning through hole. A transverse reinforcing rib 2-1 is provided between adjacent vertical plates.

[0037] In this embodiment, an intermediate component is provided between the two side assembly plates of the quick-change frame 2. The intermediate component includes two parallel intermediate plates 2-7. The intermediate plates 2-7 are provided with pin holes that are hinged to the connecting rod 4. The pin holes are connected to the connecting rod and pins to fix the front end of the connecting rod 4 to the quick-change frame 2. The intermediate plates 2-7 and the side assembly plates maintain a predetermined gap through a spacing plate. A horizontal fixing plate is provided below the intermediate component. The two ends of the horizontal fixing plate are welded and fixed to the inner vertical plates 2-6 of the two side assembly plates respectively.

[0038] In this embodiment, each of the outer vertical plates 2-5 of the two side assembly plates is provided with a limiting block 2-4 near the lower connecting pipe 2-3. The end face of the limiting block 2-4 matches the back contour of the bucket 1 and is used to control the flipping angle of the bucket 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the rocker arm 5 includes rocker arm plates 5-4 symmetrically arranged on both sides. The two rocker arm plates 5-4 are connected by a first connecting pipe 5-2 located at the front end and a second connecting pipe 5-5 located at the rear end. The first connecting pipe 5-2 and the second connecting pipe 5-5 are respectively hinged to the bottom end of the connecting rod and the rocker arm connecting plate 6-3. The two connecting pipes serve as a reinforcing mechanism for the rocker arm to form a whole, and are also used for connecting the connecting rod 4 and the rocker arm connecting plate 6-3. The front end of the two rocker arm plates 5-4 is provided with an arc-shaped cover plate 5-1 that fits its edge. It serves as a reinforcing plate to enhance the rigidity of the rocker arm 5, and also protects the connection between the connecting rod 4 and the rocker arm 5, preventing dust from entering the connecting pin 5-2 and affecting the movement of the connecting rod 4.

[0040] Specifically, the rocker arm 5 of this utility model connects the boom 6 and the bucket 1 and is used to control the tilting angle of the bucket 1. By designing the arc-shaped cover plate 5-1, stress concentration is reduced, and the first connecting pipe 5-2 and the second connecting pipe 5-5 are set inside to improve the bending resistance.

[0041] In this embodiment, a boom cylinder 8 and a rocker arm cylinder 9 are installed on the front frame. The rocker arm plate 5-4 is provided with a pin hole near the first connecting pipe 5-2, which is connected to one end of the rocker arm cylinder 9. The pin hole is connected to the rocker arm cylinder and the rocker arm through the rocker arm cylinder connecting pin 5-3. The boom plate 6-1 is provided with a pin hole on the corresponding arc segment, which is connected to one end of the boom cylinder 8. The pin hole is connected to the boom cylinder 8 and the boom through the boom cylinder connecting pin 7.

[0042] Specifically, one end of the boom cylinder 8 is connected to the front frame, and the other end is connected to the boom 6 via the boom cylinder connecting pin 7. One end of the rocker arm cylinder 9 is connected to the front frame, and the other end is connected to the rocker arm 5, enabling the rocker arm 5 to swing back and forth. Both the boom cylinder 8 and the rocker arm cylinder 9 are double-acting hydraulic cylinders. Figure 6 As shown, taking boom cylinder 8 as an example, the extension and retraction of cylinder rod 8-1 are all controlled by hydraulic pressure, and cylinder barrel 8-2 is filled with hydraulic oil. This allows for rapid and efficient control of the movement of boom 6 and bucket 1. The installation positions of boom cylinder 8 and rocker arm cylinder 9 have been optimized to ensure uniform force distribution.

[0043] In this embodiment, a blade plate 1-3 is welded to the bottom of the bucket 1. The blade plate 1-3 is provided with several evenly arranged detachable bucket teeth 1-2, which can enhance the digging strength of the bucket 1 and reduce the frictional wear of the bucket 1. A protective cover 1-1 is provided on the top of the bucket teeth, which can protect the bucket teeth 1-2 and increase the service life of the bucket 1.

[0044] Specifically, the bottom and side walls of bucket 1 are made of wear-resistant steel plates, and replaceable wear-resistant bucket teeth are installed on the bottom edge to improve service life. A guide vane is installed inside bucket 1 to reduce material adhesion. Bucket 1 is the component that directly contacts the material and is used to grab, lift, and unload it.

[0045] In this embodiment, the boom connecting pin 3, connecting rod connecting pin, boom cylinder connecting pin 7, and rocker arm cylinder connecting pin 5-3 are all made of high-strength alloy steel, and their surfaces are hardened to improve wear resistance. Wear-resistant bushings are installed between each connecting pin and the pin hole to reduce wear.

[0046] The boom of this invention is the main load-bearing component of the working device, achieving lifting and lowering movements through the drive of a hydraulic cylinder. During loading operations, the boom bears the weight of the bucket and material while simultaneously transmitting power from the hydraulic cylinder. The rocker arm controls the bucket's tilting angle through the drive of the hydraulic cylinder. During loading and unloading, the rocker arm bears the inertial force of the bucket and material while simultaneously transmitting power from the hydraulic cylinder. The bucket, controlled by the rocker arm, achieves the grabbing, lifting, and unloading of materials. During operation, the bucket bears the impact and frictional forces of the material while simultaneously transmitting power from the rocker arm. The hydraulic cylinder provides power to drive the movement of the boom and rocker arm. Various actions of the working device are achieved through the control of the hydraulic system. Connecting pins ensure relative movement between components, enabling the working device to flexibly perform various operations. During operation, the connecting pin bearings are subjected to shear and frictional forces while simultaneously transmitting power to the components. Reinforcing ribs increase the strength and rigidity of key parts, reducing deformation and stress concentration of the working device under stress during operation. The reinforcing ribs effectively disperse stress, improving the service life and reliability of the working device.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A loader implement optimization structure, characterized by, The front frame and the bucket are connected by the swing arm and the movable arm, the top end of the swing arm is hinged to the quick-change frame installed on the back of the bucket by a connecting rod, the front end and the rear end of the movable arm are hinged to the quick-change frame and the front frame respectively, the bottom end of the swing arm is hinged to the movable arm, the movable arm comprises two symmetrical variable cross-section arm plates, each arm plate comprises a front section and a rear section, the two arm plates are connected by a front cross beam located at the front section and a rear cross beam located at the rear section, the width of the front section and the rear section gradually increases from the end to the middle, and the transition area is a circular arc section, the minimum width of the front section is greater than the maximum width of the rear section, a cylinder is arranged at the circular arc section of each arm plate, a swing arm connecting plate parallel to the arm plate is arranged on the cylinder, the front end of the swing arm connecting plate is connected to the front cross beam, and a reinforcing assembly is arranged on the two ends of the front cross beam.

2. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 1, wherein, The front cross beam is in a circular tube shape, and the reinforcing assembly is in a wave shape.

3. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 1, wherein, The back of the bucket is symmetrically provided with a mounting base, the mounting base is provided with a U-shaped fixing groove opening downward and a positioning through hole located below the U-shaped fixing groove, the quick-change frame comprises two symmetrically arranged side assembly plates, each side assembly plate comprises at least two vertically arranged vertical plate bodies, an upper connecting pipe is horizontally arranged at the top of each side assembly plate and is connected to the U-shaped fixing groove, a lower connecting pipe and a movable arm pin hole are arranged at the lower part of each side assembly plate, the lower connecting pipe is coaxially arranged with the positioning through hole, and a horizontal reinforcing rib is arranged between adjacent vertical plate bodies.

4. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 3, wherein, An intermediate piece is arranged between the two side assembly plates of the quick-change frame, the intermediate piece comprises two parallel intermediate vertical plates, pin holes are arranged on the intermediate vertical plates and are connected to the connecting rod, a predetermined gap is maintained between the intermediate vertical plates and the side assembly plates by a spacing plate, and a horizontal fixing plate is arranged below the intermediate piece and is welded to the inner vertical plate bodies of the two side assembly plates.

5. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 4, wherein, Limiting blocks are arranged on the outer vertical plate bodies of the two side assembly plates and are close to the lower connecting pipes, the end surface of the limiting block is matched with the contour of the back of the bucket, and the limiting blocks are used for controlling the overturning angle of the bucket.

6. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 1, wherein, The swing arm comprises two symmetrically arranged swing arm plates, the two swing arm plates are connected by a first connecting pipe located at the front end and a second connecting pipe located at the rear end, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are respectively hinged to the bottom end of the connecting rod and the swing arm connecting plate, and the front end of each swing arm plate is provided with an arc-shaped cover plate matched with the edge of the swing arm plate.

7. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 6, wherein, The front frame is provided with a movable arm oil cylinder and a swing arm oil cylinder, the swing arm plate is provided with a pin hole connected to one end of the swing arm oil cylinder, and the arm plate of the movable arm is provided with a pin hole connected to one end of the movable arm oil cylinder.

8. The loader implement optimization structure of claim 1, wherein, A cutter plate is welded to the bottom of the bucket, a plurality of detachable bucket teeth are arranged on the cutter plate, and a protective cover body is arranged on the top of each bucket tooth.

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