Track fatigue test device
By designing a track fatigue testing device with independent closed-loop control for clamping and loading, the problem that existing devices cannot simulate lateral vibration was solved, and accurate evaluation of track material properties was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing track fatigue testing equipment lacks the ability to simulate and test lateral vibrations and cannot simultaneously apply lateral excitation and vertical load, making it difficult for test results to reflect the dynamic response characteristics of the track structure in actual operation.
A track fatigue testing device including a clamping mechanism and a vibration mechanism was designed. The clamping plate is synchronously clamped by a bidirectional screw driven by a first motor, the sliding beam is vertically loaded by a hydraulic cylinder, and the lateral vibration is simulated by a turning wheel driven by a second motor, so as to achieve independent closed-loop control of clamping and loading.
It achieves stable clamping and lateral vibration simulation of track materials, improves the accuracy and reliability of testing, and enables a more realistic evaluation of the performance of track materials in real-world environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN224066545U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to rail transit technical field, concretely is rail fatigue test device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Rail fatigue test device is the important equipment of evaluating rail transit infrastructure durability, and the prior art focuses on the fatigue performance test under vertical load, and the vertical force when simulating train operation is used to carry out cyclic loading test on rail structure (such as rail, sleeper, ballast bed). However, the conventional device generally lacks effective simulation and test ability of lateral vibration, and it is difficult to reproduce the complex vibration working condition generated when the train passes through the curve section, switch area or encounters lateral impact. Since the coupling effect of lateral vibration and vertical load can accelerate the fatigue damage (such as rail waist crack, fastener loosening, ballast lateral displacement) of rail components, and the existing device cannot realize the synchronous application of lateral excitation and vertical load due to the limitation of structural design (such as fixed clamp, single degree of freedom loading system), which leads to that the test result is difficult to fully reflect the dynamic response characteristics of rail structure in actual operation, and further affects the accurate evaluation of the fatigue life of rail system.
[0003] Based on this, the rail fatigue test device is provided, which can eliminate the disadvantages of the existing device. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] The utility model aims at providing rail fatigue test device to solve the problem of inconvenient lateral vibration test in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
[0006] Rail fatigue test device, comprising: workbench, support foot, clamping mechanism and vibration mechanism;Support foot is fixedly arranged at the bottom of workbench, the top of workbench is slidably provided with sliding support, the inner wall of sliding support is slidably provided with clamping mechanism for clamping the material to be tested, and the bottom of workbench is fixedly provided with vibration mechanism for carrying out lateral vibration test.
[0007] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the utility model also provides the following optional technical scheme:
[0008] In an optional scheme: the clamping mechanism includes a sliding block slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding support, a bidirectional screw rod rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding support, the sliding block and the bidirectional screw rod being threadedly connected, a first motor fixedly arranged on the right side of the sliding support, the output end of the first motor being fixedly connected with the right end of the bidirectional screw rod, and a clamping plate fixedly arranged on the top of the sliding block.
[0009] In an optional scheme: the top of the workbench is fixedly provided with a servo actuator for carrying out rail fatigue test.
[0010] In an alternative: servo actuator mechanism includes fixedly arranged on the top of the workbench guide column, the top of the guide column is fixedly provided with a fixed beam, the top of the fixed beam is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder, the guide column is slidably provided with a sliding beam, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the sliding beam.
[0011] In an alternative: the vibration mechanism includes a vibration support fixedly arranged on the bottom of the workbench, a mounting seat slidably arranged on the vibration support, a connecting column fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting seat, the connecting column slidably arranged on the inner wall of the workbench, the top end of the connecting column fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding support, a protective cover fixedly arranged on the bottom of the workbench, a mounting support fixedly arranged on the front end of the protective cover, a second motor fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting support, a rotating wheel fixedly arranged on the output end of the second motor, a transmission rod fixedly arranged on the left side of the mounting seat, the transmission rod slidably connected with the vibration support, a sliding rod fixedly arranged on the both sides of the mounting seat, the vibration support slidably connected with the sliding rod, and a reset spring fixedly arranged between the mounting seat and the vibration support and located on the circumferential side of the sliding rod.
[0012] In an alternative: the inner wall of the sliding support is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding block, and the two sides of the bidirectional screw rod are provided with threads in opposite directions and are threadedly connected with the two sliding blocks respectively.
[0013] In an alternative: the top of the rotating wheel is provided with an extrusion slope matched with the transmission rod.
[0014] In an alternative: the left end of the transmission rod is provided with a floating ball matched with the rotating wheel.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of the following:
[0016] 1、 the utility model discloses a first motor drives bidirectional screw rod rotation, utilizes the positive and negative thread structure to make both sides sliding block synchronous and move towards each other, drives the clamping plate to exert constant clamping force to track material, ensures material steady clamping, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the sliding beam to reciprocate vertically along the guide column after starting, and the system realizes the independent closed -loop control of clamping and loading, avoids the mutual interference of both in the test process, and improves test accuracy and reliability.
[0017] 2、 the utility model discloses a second motor drives rotating wheel rotation, and its eccentric extrusion slope pushes transmission rod, and makes mounting seat and sliding rod right -move and compress reset spring, and after rotating wheel contact, reset spring releases the elastic potential and makes mounting seat and sliding rod fast reset, forms transverse reciprocating vibration, and mounting seat passes through connecting column and links sliding support and transmits vibration to the material to be measured, simulates track lateral dynamic load, can more truly test material in actual track environment Performance provides accurate basis for track material performance evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the clamping mechanism in the utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the vibration mechanism in the utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model in the dial wheel.
[0022] Reference signs annotation: 1, workbench; 2, support foot; 3, sliding support; 4, sliding block; 5, two-way screw; 6, first motor; 7, clamping plate; 8, guide column; 9, fixed crossbeam; 10, hydraulic cylinder; 11, sliding crossbeam; 12, vibration support; 13, mounting seat; 14, connecting column; 15, protective cover; 16, mounting support; 17, second motor; 18, dial wheel; 19, transmission rod; 20, sliding rod; 21, return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the following will be further detailed in conjunction with the drawings and examples.
[0024] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-4 The rail fatigue test device comprises a workbench 1, a support foot 2, a clamping mechanism and a vibration mechanism; the support foot 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the workbench 1, the top of the workbench 1 is slidably provided with a sliding support 3, the inner wall of the sliding support 3 is slidably provided with the clamping mechanism for clamping the material to be tested, and the bottom of the workbench 1 is fixedly provided with the vibration mechanism for performing transverse vibration test.
[0025] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 The clamping mechanism comprises a sliding block 4 slidably arranged in the inner wall of the sliding support 3, a two-way screw 5 rotatably arranged in the inner wall of the sliding support 3, and the sliding block 4 and the two-way screw 5 are threadedly connected, a first motor 6 fixedly arranged at the right side of the sliding support 3, the output end of the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with the right end of the two-way screw 5, a clamping plate 7 fixedly arranged at the top of the sliding block 4, and a servo actuating mechanism fixedly arranged at the top of the workbench 1 for performing rail fatigue test.
[0026] The inner wall of the sliding support 3 is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding block 4, the two-way screw 5 is provided with threads in opposite directions, and the two sliding blocks 4 are threadedly connected with the two-way screw 5 respectively.
[0027] The output end of the first motor 6 drives the bidirectional screw 5 to rotate. Due to the opposite threads on the two sides of the bidirectional screw 5, the bidirectional screw 5 drives the two sliders 4 to move in opposite directions, so that the sliders 4 drive the clamping plate 7 to clamp and fix the material to be tested in the middle.
[0028] The servo actuating mechanism comprises a guide column 8 fixedly arranged on the top of the workbench 1, a fixed cross beam 9 fixedly arranged on the top of the guide column 8, a hydraulic cylinder 10 fixedly arranged on the top of the fixed cross beam 9, and a sliding cross beam 11 slidably arranged on the guide column 8, wherein the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected with the top of the sliding cross beam 11.
[0029] The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the sliding cross beam 11 to slide downward along the guide column 8, and the clamped track material is subjected to vertical fatigue test.
[0030] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The vibration mechanism comprises a vibration bracket 12 fixedly arranged on the bottom of the workbench 1, a mounting seat 13 slidably arranged on the vibration bracket 12, a connecting column 14 fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting seat 13, the connecting column 14 being slidably arranged on the inner wall of the workbench 1, the top end of the connecting column 14 being fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding bracket 3, a protective cover 15 being fixedly arranged on the bottom of the workbench 1, a mounting bracket 16 being fixedly arranged on the front end of the protective cover 15, a second motor 17 being fixedly arranged on the top of the mounting bracket 16, a poking wheel 18 being fixedly arranged on the output end of the second motor 17, a transmission rod 19 being fixedly arranged on the left side of the mounting seat 13, the transmission rod 19 being slidably connected with the vibration bracket 12, a sliding rod 20 being fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting seat 13, the vibration bracket 12 being slidably connected with the sliding rod 20, and a reset spring 21 being fixedly arranged between the mounting seat 13 and the vibration bracket 12 and located on the circumferential side of the sliding rod 20.
[0031] The top of the poking wheel 18 is provided with a pressing slope matched with the transmission rod 19. The left end of the transmission rod 19 is provided with a floating ball matched with the poking wheel 18.
[0032] The output end of the second motor 17 drives the poking wheel 18 to rotate. The pressing slope on the poking wheel 18 presses the transmission rod 19, forcing it to drive the mounting seat 13 to slide to the right, and at the same time, drive the sliding rod 20 to slide to the right and press the reset spring 21. Then, the reset spring 21 drives the sliding rod 20 and the mounting seat 13 to reset, so that the poking wheel 18 achieves the effect of reciprocating motion when rotating, thereby driving the sliding bracket 3 to vibrate laterally through the connecting column 14.
[0033] The above embodiment discloses a track fatigue test device, wherein the first motor 6 drives the bidirectional screw rod 5 to rotate, the positive and negative thread structure forces the two side sliders 4 to move synchronously and oppositely, and the clamping plate 7 drives the track material to exert a constant clamping force. After clamping, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is started and drives the sliding cross beam 11 to perform vertical reciprocating motion along the guide column. The system realizes independent closed-loop control of clamping and loading, avoiding test interference; the second motor 17 drives the rotating wheel 18 to rotate, the eccentric extrusion slope contacts the transmission rod 19, forcing the transmission rod 19 to push the mounting seat 13 and the sliding rod 20 to slide to the right and compress the reset spring 21. When the rotating wheel 18 is out of contact, the reset spring 21 releases the elastic potential energy, drives the sliding rod 20 and the mounting seat 13 to reset quickly, and forms transverse reciprocating vibration. The mounting seat 13 links the sliding support 3 through the connecting column 14, transmits the vibration to the measured material, and simulates the lateral dynamic load of the track.
[0034] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A track fatigue testing apparatus comprising: The utility model provides a test device for material, which comprises a workbench (1), a supporting leg (2), a clamping mechanism and a vibration mechanism, the supporting leg (2) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the workbench (1), a sliding support (3) is slidably arranged at the top of the workbench (1), a clamping mechanism for clamping a material to be tested is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding support (3), and a vibration mechanism for performing transverse vibration test is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the workbench (1).
2. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The clamping mechanism comprises a sliding block (4) slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding support (3), a bidirectional screw rod (5) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding support (3), and the sliding block (4) is threadedly connected with the bidirectional screw rod (5), a first motor (6) is fixedly arranged at the right side of the sliding support (3), the output end of the first motor (6) is fixedly connected with the right end of the bidirectional screw rod (5), and a clamping plate (7) is fixedly arranged at the top of the sliding block (4).
3. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A servo actuating mechanism for performing track fatigue test is fixedly arranged at the top of the workbench (1).
4. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The servo actuating mechanism comprises a guide column (8) fixedly arranged at the top of the workbench (1), a fixed cross beam (9) fixedly arranged at the top of the guide column (8), a hydraulic cylinder (10) fixedly arranged at the top of the fixed cross beam (9), and a sliding cross beam (11) slidably arranged on the guide column (8), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (10) is fixedly connected with the top of the sliding cross beam (11).
5. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The vibration mechanism comprises a vibration support (12) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the workbench (1), a mounting seat (13) slidably arranged on the vibration support (12), a connecting column (14) fixedly arranged at the top of the mounting seat (13), the connecting column (14) being slidably arranged on the inner wall of the workbench (1), the top end of the connecting column (14) being fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding support (3), a protective cover (15) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the workbench (1), a mounting support (16) fixedly arranged at the front end of the protective cover (15), a second motor (17) fixedly arranged at the top of the mounting support (16), a rotating wheel (18) fixedly arranged at the output end of the second motor (17), one transmission rod (19) fixedly arranged at the left side of the mounting seat (13), the transmission rod (19) being slidably connected with the vibration support (12), a sliding rod (20) fixedly arranged at the left side of the mounting seat (13), the vibration support (12) being slidably connected with the sliding rod (20), and a return spring (21) fixedly arranged between the mounting seat (13) and the vibration support (12) and located at the circumferential side of the sliding rod (20).
6. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The inner wall of the sliding support (3) is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding block (4), and the bidirectional screw rod (5) is provided with threads in opposite directions and is threadedly connected with the two sliding blocks (4) respectively.
7. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The top of the rotating wheel (18) is provided with a pressing slope matched with the transmission rod (19).
8. The orbital fatigue testing apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The left end of the transmission rod (19) is provided with a floating ball matched with the rotating wheel (18).