Multifunctional radish farming machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of farming equipment, in particular to a multifunctional radish farming machine which comprises a machine body, a walking device, a soil loosening mechanism, a seeding mechanism, a film mulching mechanism and a control system. The walking device adopts anti-skid rubber wheels and has high wear resistance, low rolling resistance and excellent road holding force; the soil loosening mechanism realizes efficient soil loosening by driving blades through a motor; the sowing mechanism uses an air pump to accurately put seeds; and the film mulching mechanism completes film mulching through a film pressing wheel and a soil covering blade. According to the control system, STM32F103C8T6 is used as a main control chip, and intelligent operation of equipment is achieved. The utility model solves the problems of low manual seeding efficiency and non-uniform machine seeding, improves the farming operation efficiency and quality, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and is suitable for various farming scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural equipment technology, specifically a multi-functional radish farming machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in modern agricultural production, the efficiency and intelligence of agricultural equipment directly affect the quality and efficiency of crop cultivation. This is especially true in the cultivation of root crops such as radishes, where loosening the soil, sowing, and mulching are crucial steps. However, current agricultural practices still face numerous problems that urgently need to be addressed. Traditional manual sowing methods are not only labor-intensive but also inefficient, failing to meet the demands of large-scale modern agriculture. Furthermore, existing mechanized equipment falls short in terms of sowing uniformity, ease of operation, and adaptability, often unable to flexibly adjust plant and row spacing according to different soil conditions, leading to unsatisfactory planting results. In addition, some machinery uses fuel-powered systems, which are not only energy-intensive but also pollute the environment, contradicting the concept of sustainable development in modern agriculture.

[0003] On the other hand, existing agricultural equipment also has significant shortcomings in terms of intelligent control. Many devices lack precise motion control and automation functions, making it difficult to achieve efficient integrated operations of loosening soil, sowing, and mulching. For example, soil loosening devices are poorly adaptable to different soil types, easily leading to uneven soil breaking or unstable tillage depth; sowing devices often result in uneven sowing density due to inaccurate seed placement, affecting crop growth; and mulching devices may experience loose or shifted mulch film during actual operation, thus affecting the retention of soil moisture and temperature. These problems not only reduce the overall efficiency of agricultural operations but also increase the cost and difficulty of subsequent manual intervention.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, developing a multifunctional and intelligent agricultural device is of paramount importance. This device must possess the functions of efficient soil loosening, precise sowing, and stable mulching, while also being adaptable to various soil conditions and achieving automated operation through advanced control technology. Furthermore, the device must also meet energy conservation and environmental protection requirements, using electricity as its power source to minimize its environmental impact. This will not only help improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural operations but also promote the sustainable development of agricultural production, providing more reliable technical support for modern agriculture. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency in manual sowing, as well as uneven sowing by existing machines, by providing a multifunctional radish tiller. The tiller, through the combination of mechanical structure and intelligent control system, automates multiple functions such as loosening soil, sowing, and mulching, significantly improving the efficiency and quality of agricultural operations.

[0006] This utility model provides a multifunctional radish tillage machine, including a body, a walking device, a soil loosening mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a mulching mechanism, and a control system. Wherein:

[0007] The main body serves as the core frame of the entire agricultural machine, supporting and connecting various functional modules, and providing basic structural support for the collaborative work between these modules.

[0008] Furthermore, the walking device employs anti-slip rubber wheels with optimized tooth pitch, featuring high wear resistance, impact resistance, low rolling resistance, and excellent grip. Specifically, the anti-slip rubber wheels are made of wear-resistant rubber, with a tooth pitch width of 10-15 mm and a tooth depth of 8-12 mm, ensuring stable operation under various terrain conditions. In addition, a steel frame is embedded within the anti-slip rubber wheels to enhance their impact resistance and prevent damage or deformation caused by complex terrain.

[0009] Specifically, the soil loosening mechanism consists of a motor, a lead screw, blades, and a guide rod. The motor transmits power to the blades via the lead screw, driving the blades to rotate at high speed, thereby breaking up and mixing the soil. The blades are arc-shaped with a cutting edge angle set between 30 and 45 degrees, effectively reducing soil resistance and improving loosening efficiency. The guide rod supports and guides the blades, ensuring their stability during high-speed rotation. Furthermore, the blade spacing of the loosening mechanism can be adjusted according to different soil types to adapt to various soil conditions such as sandy soil and loam.

[0010] Furthermore, the sowing mechanism includes a triangular groove, a pipe device, a plow-like device, and a groove device. The triangular groove is used to store seeds and is used to suck up the seeds by an air pump. Specifically, the air pump generates negative pressure through a needle, adsorbing the seeds onto the needle, and then the pipe device precisely places the seeds into the small pit dug by the plow-like device. The digging depth of the plow-like device can be controlled by an adjustment mechanism, ranging from 2-5 cm, to meet the planting needs of different crops. The groove device is used to push soil into the small pit to complete the covering work. The design of the above sowing mechanism ensures that each seed is precisely placed in the optimal growth position, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of sowing.

[0011] Specifically, the mulching mechanism includes a mulch film support, a pressing wheel, and a soil-covering blade. The mulch film support supports the mulch film and has anti-slip textures on its surface to prevent shifting during installation. The pressing wheel rolls and presses the mulch film tightly against the soil surface, preventing displacement or lifting that could affect the mulching effect. The soil-covering blade, located behind the pressing wheel, pushes the surrounding soil towards the edge of the mulch film to complete soil coverage. To further improve the mulching effect, the angle of the soil-covering blade is adjustable from 15 to 45 degrees to adapt to mulching needs under different terrain conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, the control system uses an STM32F103C8T6 as the main control chip and a TB6612 motor driver to precisely drive the DC motor and vacuum pump, ensuring stable execution of all actions. The stepper motor controller is an A4988 model, used for precise control of the soil loosening mechanism and the suction needle. Limit switches are installed at key positions in each mechanism to detect their movement and ensure the equipment returns to a preset initial state upon startup, preventing damage due to misoperation. In addition, the host computer circuit board communicates with the underlying circuit board via a serial port, enabling remote control and monitoring functions, further enhancing the equipment's intelligence level.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] First, the efficient and rapid mechanical structure design significantly improves the efficiency of agricultural operations. For example, the blades of the soil loosening mechanism feature an arc design and optimized cutting angle, reducing soil resistance. Simultaneously, the transmission screw enables efficient power transmission, making soil loosening faster and more uniform. Second, the sowing mechanism utilizes an air pump and piping system to achieve precise sowing, ensuring each seed is placed in its optimal growth position, thus improving sowing accuracy and efficiency. Third, the mulching mechanism, through the coordinated work of the mulch support, pressing rollers, and mulching blades, ensures the mulch adheres tightly to the soil surface, and the mulching blades fix the soil at the edge of the mulch, effectively protecting the soil moisture and temperature beneath the mulch. Finally, the control system, through the cooperation of the main control chip and motor driver, achieves high-precision control and stable operation of the equipment. Furthermore, the host computer circuit board enables remote control, further enhancing the equipment's intelligence level.

[0015] In particular, this invention is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The agricultural tiller is powered by electricity, eliminating the need for gasoline combustion, thus reducing energy consumption and emissions, and meeting the requirements of sustainable development in modern agriculture. Furthermore, the anti-slip rubber wheels reduce noise during operation, minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0016] In summary, this utility model solves the problems existing in the prior art by organically combining mechanical structure and intelligent control system, realizing efficient automation of farming operations such as loosening soil, sowing, and mulching. It also has the advantages of convenient operation, energy saving and environmental protection, and is suitable for a variety of farming scenarios, and has a wide range of application value.

[0017] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a side view of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the soil loosening mechanism of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the sowing mechanism of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 is a partial schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism of this utility model.

[0024] Numbering on the map:

[0025] 1. Machine body; 2. Soil covering mechanism; 3. Seeding mechanism; 4. Film covering mechanism; 5. Film pressing and soil return mechanism; 6. Mudguard; 7. Mudguard and soil covering plate; 8. Anti-slip rubber wheels; 9. Motor;

[0026] 10. Drive screw; 11. Blade; 12. Polished rod; 13. Triangular groove; 14. Pipeline device; 15. Mulch film support; 16. Soil covering blade; 17. Pressing roller. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This utility model provides a multifunctional radish tillage machine, and its implementation and operating principle will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 5. The tillage machine includes a body 1, a walking device, a soil loosening mechanism, a sowing mechanism 3, a mulching mechanism 4, and a control system. These components work together through optimized design to automate tillage operations such as soil loosening, sowing, and mulching. The specific embodiments of this utility model will be fully described below with reference to the specific structures and reference numerals in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The main body 1 serves as the core framework of the entire agricultural tiller, supporting and connecting various functional modules and providing basic structural support for the collaborative work between these modules. The design of the main body 1 fully considers the balance between lightweight and strength, employing high-strength aluminum alloy material with anodized surface treatment to enhance corrosion resistance. The bottom of the main body 1 has mounting holes for securing the walking device, soil loosening mechanism, seeding mechanism 3, and mulching mechanism 4, ensuring stability of each module during operation. Furthermore, the front end of the main body 1 is equipped with a mudguard 6 and a mud-covering plate 7 to prevent soil splashing from affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0029] The walking mechanism employs large-pitch anti-slip rubber wheels 8, with a tooth pitch width of 10-15 mm and a tooth depth of 8-12 mm, effectively improving grip and reducing rolling resistance. An internal steel frame is embedded in the anti-slip rubber wheels 8 to enhance their impact resistance and prevent damage or deformation caused by complex terrain. The walking mechanism is powered by a motor 9, which transmits power to the anti-slip rubber wheels 8 via a transmission screw 10, enabling them to adapt to wet or loose soil conditions. In actual operation, the low rolling resistance of the anti-slip rubber wheels 8 significantly improves the traction and mobility of the tiller, allowing it to maintain stable performance in various terrain conditions.

[0030] The soil loosening mechanism consists of a smooth rod 12, blades 11, a motor 9, and a transmission screw 10. Its core function is to efficiently break up and mix the soil. The motor 9 drives the blades 11 to rotate at high speed via the transmission screw 10. The blades 11 feature an arc-shaped design with a cutting edge angle set at 30-45 degrees to reduce soil resistance and improve loosening efficiency. The smooth rod 12 supports and guides the blades 11, ensuring their stability during high-speed rotation. The spacing between the blades 11 can be adjusted via an adjustment mechanism, ranging from 5-15 cm, to accommodate different soil types, such as sandy soil and loam. In practical applications, the soil loosening mechanism quickly completes land loosening operations using a rotary tillage method, while breaking up hard clods, making the soil more porous and facilitating subsequent sowing and mulching operations.

[0031] The sowing mechanism 3 is one of the key modules of this utility model, consisting of a triangular groove 13, a pipe device 14, a plow-like device, an air pump, and the groove device. The triangular groove 13 stores the seeds and is sucked up by the air pump. The air pump generates negative pressure through a needle, adsorbing the seeds onto the needle, and then the pipe device 14 precisely places the seeds into the small pits dug by the plow-like device. The digging depth of the plow-like device can be controlled by an adjustment mechanism, ranging from 2-5 cm, to meet the planting needs of different crops. The groove device is used to push soil into the small pits to complete the covering work. The design of the sowing mechanism 3 ensures that each seed is precisely placed in the optimal growth position, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of sowing. In actual operation, the sowing mechanism 3 can achieve a precise sowing effect of one seed per hole or two seeds per hole, which is particularly suitable for the planting of root crops such as radishes.

[0032] The mulching mechanism 4 consists of a mulch film support 15, a pressing roller 17, and a soil covering blade 16. Its main function is to complete the laying and fixing of the mulch film. The mulch film support 15 supports the mulch film and has anti-slip textures on its surface to prevent the mulch film from shifting during laying. The pressing roller 17 rolls and presses the mulch film tightly against the soil surface, preventing the mulch film from shifting or lifting and affecting the covering effect. The soil covering blade 16 is located behind the pressing roller 17 and is used to push the surrounding soil towards the edge of the mulch film to complete the soil covering. The angle of the soil covering blade 16 is adjustable from 15 to 45 degrees to adapt to the mulching needs under different terrain conditions. In practical applications, the mulching mechanism 4 can make full use of evaporated water, promote rapid plant growth, and reduce the probability of radish root deformities.

[0033] The control system uses an STM32F103C8T6 as the main control chip, and a TB6612 motor driver precisely drives the DC motor and vacuum pump to ensure stable execution of various actions. An A4988 stepper motor controller is used to precisely control the movement of the loosening mechanism and the suction needle. Limit switches are installed at key positions in each mechanism to detect their movement and ensure the equipment returns to its preset initial state upon startup, preventing damage due to misoperation. The host computer circuit board communicates with the underlying circuit board via a serial port, enabling remote control and monitoring, further enhancing the equipment's intelligence. In actual operation, the control system collects real-time operating data from each module through the main control chip and dynamically adjusts according to preset programs, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the agricultural machine under various working conditions.

[0034] The anti-slip rubber wheel 8 has a rolling resistance coefficient of less than 0.02 and an impact strength of more than 50 MPa. The transmission screw 10 of the soil loosening mechanism has a pitch of 3 mm, and the motor 9 has a speed range of 1000-3000 rpm.

[0035] In practical applications, the operation of this multifunctional radish tiller is as follows: S1 After starting the equipment, the walking device drives the tiller forward, and the anti-slip rubber wheels 8 maintain good grip in wet or loose soil conditions. S2 The soil loosening mechanism starts working, and the motor 9 drives the blades 11 to rotate at high speed through the transmission screw 10, breaking and mixing the soil. S3 The sowing mechanism 3 starts, and the air pump sucks up the seeds from the triangular groove 13 and accurately places them into the small pit dug by the plow-like device through the pipe device 14. Then, the groove device pushes the soil into the pit to complete the covering work. S4 The mulching mechanism 4 starts working, the mulch support 15 supports the mulch, the pressing roller 17 rolls and presses the mulch, and the covering blades 16 push the soil to the edge of the mulch to complete the covering. S5 The control system monitors the operating status of each module in real time and makes dynamic adjustments as needed to ensure that the entire operation process is efficient and stable.

[0036] This invention solves the problems existing in the prior art by organically combining mechanical structure and intelligent control system, achieving highly efficient automation of agricultural operations such as loosening soil, sowing, and mulching. Simultaneously, the equipment uses electricity as its power source, eliminating the need for gasoline combustion, thus reducing energy consumption and exhaust emissions, meeting the requirements of sustainable development in modern agriculture. The anti-slip rubber wheels reduce noise during operation, minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment. In summary, this invention has advantages such as convenient operation, energy saving, and environmental protection, making it suitable for various agricultural scenarios and possessing broad application value.

[0037] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional radish farming machine, comprising a machine body (1), a walking device, a soil loosening mechanism, a seeding mechanism (3), a mulching mechanism (4) and a control system, characterized in that: the machine body (1) is used to support and connect various functional modules; the walking device adopts an antiskid rubber wheel (8), the tooth pitch width of the antiskid rubber wheel (8) is 10-15 mm, the tooth depth is 8-12 mm, and a steel framework is embedded inside; the soil loosening mechanism is composed of a motor (9), a transmission screw rod (10), a blade (11) and a polished rod (12), the blade (11) has a blade edge angle of 30-45 degrees; the seeding mechanism (3) comprises a triangular groove (13), a pipeline device (14), a plow-like device and a groove device, the plow-like device has a digging depth range of 2-5 cm; the mulching mechanism (4) comprises a mulch support (15), a film pressing wheel (17) and a soil covering blade (16), the angle of the soil covering blade (16) is adjustable in the range of 15-45 degrees; the control system takes STM32F103C8T6 as the main control chip, and drives the direct current motor and the vacuum pump through the TB6612 motor driver.

2. The multi-functional radish farming machine according to claim 1, characterized by: The material of the antiskid rubber wheel (8) is wear-resistant rubber, and the surface is provided with a structure with a tooth pitch width of 12 mm and a tooth depth of 10 mm.

3. The multi-functional radish farming machine according to claim 2, characterized by: The rolling resistance coefficient of the antiskid rubber wheel (8) is less than 0.02, and the impact strength is greater than 50 MPa.

4. The multi-functional radish farming machine according to claim 1, characterized by: The spacing of the blades (11) of the soil loosening mechanism is adjustable in the range of 5-15 cm, and the shape of the blades (11) is arc-shaped.

5. The multi-functional radish farming machine according to claim 4, characterized by: The pitch of the transmission screw rod (10) of the soil loosening mechanism is 3 mm, and the motor (9) has a rotating speed range of 1000-3000 rpm.

6. The multi-functional radish farming machine according to claim 1, characterized by: The suction pump of the seeding mechanism (3) generates negative pressure through a needle, adsorbs seeds on the needle, and accurately delivers the seeds to the small soil pits dug by the plow-like device through the pipeline device (14).

7. The multi-functional radish farming machine according to claim 6, characterized by: The digging depth of the plow-like device of the seeding mechanism (3) is set to 3 cm, and the amount of earth pushed by the groove device is 50 ml each time.

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