Steel rail clamping device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a steel rail clamping device, which belongs to the technical field of track detection equipment and comprises a support frame, a guide mechanism, a transmission component and a clamping component. A guide mechanism and a transmission assembly are arranged on the support frame; two clamping assemblies arranged in a mirror symmetry mode are arranged on the guide mechanism in a sliding fit mode. The two clamping assemblies are in transmission connection with the transmission assembly and are driven by the transmission assembly to do synchronous face-to-face or opposite linear motion along the guide mechanism. When the supporting frame abuts against the top of the steel rail head, the two clamping assemblies are driven by the transmission assembly to move oppositely and abut against the two sides of the bottom of the steel rail head, and clamping of three contact points is formed on the steel rail head. According to the steel rail clamping device, mechanical synchronous constant-speed clamping is achieved through the two-way lead screw, three-point centering self-centering clamping is formed on the steel rail head through the clamping assemblies and the supporting frame, transmission gaps and synchronous errors are effectively eliminated, and automatic centering, balanced stress and self-locking stable clamping are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of track inspection equipment technology, specifically a rail clamping device. Background Technology

[0002] As the core load-bearing component of rail transit, the profile accuracy, wear level, and structural integrity of rails directly affect the safety and comfort of train operation. Therefore, rail point inspection has become a crucial link in the rail transit operation and maintenance system. During the inspection process, the rails need to be precisely positioned using clamping devices to provide a stable measurement benchmark for inspection components such as laser profile sensors. The clamping performance directly determines the reliability of the inspection data.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream clamping solutions for rail positioning and inspection equipment in the industry are mainly divided into two categories: single-sided drive and dual-cylinder independent control. The single-sided drive solution typically uses a single pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder as the power source to drive a single-sided clamping arm towards the rail web for clamping. The core structure of this solution includes a power source, a single clamping arm, a fixed support base, and a simple guiding mechanism. During operation, the power source outputs thrust, causing the clamping arm and the fixed support base to work together to form a clamping force. However, due to the design of the rail base slope and the manufacturing tolerances of the rail web width, the application of single-sided drive force leads to uneven distribution of clamping force, inevitably causing a shift in the clamping center. This shift directly disrupts the consistency of the measurement reference of the laser profile sensor, significantly reducing the measurement accuracy of key parameters such as rail head wear and corrugation depth. Simultaneously, the inherent pressure fluctuation characteristics of traditional pneumatic or hydraulic systems further exacerbate the instability of the clamping force, easily inducing elastic deformation of the rail web and creating secondary measurement errors. To improve synchronization, some equipment employs a dual-cylinder independent closed-loop control scheme, using two cylinders to drive the clamping arms on both sides, attempting to achieve synchronous clamping through control system adjustments. While this scheme alleviates the clamping eccentricity problem to some extent, it has significant limitations: Firstly, the dual-cylinder system requires two independent power units, detection sensors, and control modules, significantly increasing manufacturing costs, and the complex piping layout enhances maintenance difficulty. Secondly, this scheme relies on continuous power supply to maintain clamping force; in the event of a power outage or other emergencies, the clamping force disappears immediately, potentially causing the testing equipment to shift or even fall, posing a serious safety hazard. Furthermore, both existing schemes share the common problem of insufficient adaptability. In the rail transit sector, rail types vary, with differences in rail head dimensions and web widths. Existing clamping devices require repeated manual adjustments of the clamping arm positions and parameters to achieve alignment, which is not only cumbersome but also prone to introducing human error during adjustment, resulting in low efficiency in rail replacement testing and failing to meet the high-efficiency testing requirements of large-scale operation and maintenance.

[0004] In summary, the existing clamping devices of rail positioning inspection equipment have technical defects that urgently need to be addressed in terms of clamping synchronization, measurement accuracy stability, cost control, safety reliability, and model adaptability. They cannot fully meet the high-precision, high-efficiency, and high-safety requirements of rail transit operation and maintenance for inspection equipment. Therefore, a new type of clamping device is urgently needed to break through the bottlenecks of the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a rail clamping device that addresses the aforementioned shortcomings, achieving mechanical synchronization and automatic centering of rail clamping. This effectively solves problems such as clamping eccentricity, force difference, and poor adaptability in traditional solutions, improving measurement accuracy and safety reliability. Furthermore, it features a simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance. To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A rail clamping device includes a support frame, a guide mechanism, a transmission assembly, and clamping assemblies. The support frame is provided with the guide mechanism and the transmission assembly. The guide mechanism has two clamping assemblies that are slidably arranged in a mirror image. The two clamping assemblies are connected to the transmission assembly and move synchronously in opposite directions or in a straight line along the guide mechanism under the drive of the transmission assembly. When the support frame abuts against the top of the rail head, the two clamping assemblies move towards each other under the drive of the transmission assembly and abut against both sides of the bottom of the rail head, forming a clamping action at three contact points on the rail head.

[0007] Furthermore, the support frame includes a first support plate and a second support plate arranged in a mirror image; the first support plate and the second support plate are arranged in a vertical direction and are parallel to each other; two parallel connecting plates are provided between the first support plate and the second support plate; the connecting plates are arranged in a horizontal direction and are perpendicular to both the first support plate and the second support plate; the bottom of the connecting plates is provided with a protrusion.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a bidirectional lead screw, a first nut sleeve, and a second nut sleeve; a mounting plate is fixedly provided between the two connecting plates; the bidirectional lead screw is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate along the length of the support frame; the bidirectional lead screw has two trapezoidal threads with opposite directions along the axial direction; the two trapezoidal threads are respectively provided with a first nut sleeve and a second nut sleeve that mesh with them; the first nut sleeve and the second nut sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to a clamping assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the bidirectional lead screw is rotatably coupled to the mounting plate via a bearing; a locking nut is provided on each side of the bidirectional lead screw; the locking nut is tightened and pressed against the mounting plate and the outer ring of the bearing to limit the axial movement of the bidirectional lead screw.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a connecting arm and a clamping plate; the first nut sleeve and the second nut sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting arm; the connecting arm extends downward in the vertical direction, and its lower part is provided with a detachable clamping plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping plate has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the side facing the rail head being the clamping surface; the clamping surface is an inclined surface that expands and slopes from top to bottom towards the rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the guiding mechanism includes guide rails; guide rails are provided on the side walls of the connecting plate facing the connecting arm; guide grooves that cooperate with the guide rails are provided on the corresponding two sides of the connecting arm.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the bidirectional lead screw passes through the first support plate, and a detachable handle is provided at the exit end.

[0014] Furthermore, the handle is fitted with an anti-slip grip sleeve on its outer side; the outer wall of the anti-slip grip sleeve is provided with evenly distributed anti-slip protrusions.

[0015] Furthermore, a protective cover is provided on the top of the support frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This utility model discloses a rail clamping device, including a support frame, a guide mechanism, a transmission assembly, and clamping assemblies. The support frame is equipped with the guide mechanism and the transmission assembly. Two clamping assemblies, arranged in a mirror-symmetrical configuration, are slidably fitted onto the guide mechanism. The two clamping assemblies are connected to the transmission assembly and, driven by the transmission assembly, move synchronously in opposite directions or in opposite linear motions along the guide mechanism. When the support frame abuts against the top of the rail head, the two clamping assemblies, driven by the transmission assembly, move towards each other and abut against both sides of the bottom of the rail head, forming a three-point clamping action on the rail head. This rail clamping device achieves mechanical synchronous constant-speed clamping through a bidirectional lead screw, with automatic centering compensation, enabling the clamping assemblies and the support frame to form a three-point self-centering clamping action on the rail head. This effectively eliminates transmission gaps and synchronization errors, achieving automatic centering, balanced force, and self-locking stable clamping, significantly improving measurement accuracy, work efficiency, and equipment reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rail clamping device of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rail clamping device of this utility model, omitting the protective cover;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rail clamping device of this utility model forming a three-point clamp on the rail head;

[0022] In the attached diagram: 1-First support plate, 2-Second support plate, 3-Connecting plate, 4-Double-actuated screw, 5-First nut sleeve, 6-Second nut sleeve, 7-Mounting plate, 8-Bearing, 9-Locking nut, 10-Connecting arm, 11-Clamping plate, 12-Handle, 13-Protective cover, 14-Rail. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0024] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0025] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. The meaning of such spatial relative terms includes different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See attached Figures 1-4 This utility model discloses a rail clamping device, mainly used for the stable clamping of the rail head of rail 14 during the fixed-point inspection of rail 14, providing a precise positioning reference for measurement. Its specific structure includes a support frame, a guide mechanism, a transmission assembly, and a clamping assembly. The support frame is equipped with the guide mechanism and the transmission assembly. Two clamping assemblies, arranged in a mirror-symmetrical configuration, are slidably fitted on the guide mechanism. The two clamping assemblies are connected to the transmission assembly and, driven by the transmission assembly, move synchronously in opposite directions or in a straight line along the guide mechanism. When the entire clamping device clamps the rail 14... During clamping, when the support frame abuts against the top of the rail head of rail 14, the two clamping components move towards each other under the drive of the transmission component and abut against the two sides of the bottom of the rail head of rail 14, forming a clamping at three contact points on the rail head of rail 14. The components cooperate with each other to achieve mechanical synchronous constant speed clamping and automatic centering compensation. The geometric center formed by the three contact points automatically coincides with the center of the rail head of rail 14, effectively eliminating transmission gaps and synchronization errors, achieving automatic centering, balanced force, and self-locking stable clamping, significantly improving measurement accuracy, work efficiency, and equipment operation reliability.

[0029] Specifically, the support frame serves as the mounting base and load-bearing body of the entire clamping device. It is used to install the guiding mechanism and transmission components, and during clamping, it abuts against the top of the rail head of rail 14, forming a three-point clamping grip with the clamping components. The support frame adopts a frame structure, as shown in the attached diagram. Specifically, the support frame includes a first support plate 1, a second support plate 2, and two connecting plates 3. The first support plate 1 and the second support plate 2 are mirror images of each other in the vertical direction and are parallel to each other. The two connecting plates 3 are horizontally positioned between the first support plate 1 and the second support plate 2, and are perpendicular to both the first and second support plates 1 and 2. A protrusion is provided at the bottom center of the connecting plate 3. When the entire clamping device clamps rail 14, it is supported on the frame by the first support plate 1 and the second support plate 2. The protrusion on the connecting plate 3 abuts against the top of the rail head of rail 14 and is tangent to the top of the rail head, forming a clamping contact point for the three-point clamping grip. The guiding mechanism, transmission components, and clamping components are all located between the first support plate 1, the second support plate 2, and the two connecting plates 3. A protective cover 13 is provided on the top of the support frame. The protective cover 13 is a cover plate, which is fixedly installed on the first support plate 1 and the second support plate 2 to cover the top of the support frame. It is used to protect the internal components such as the transmission components and the guide mechanism, so as to prevent the operator from accidentally colliding with the internal moving parts during the operation, causing personal injury or equipment damage, and improving the safety of the equipment.

[0030] Specifically, the transmission component, serving as the power transmission mechanism for the clamping components, drives the two clamping components to move synchronously in opposite directions. It includes a bidirectional lead screw 4, a first nut sleeve 5, and a second nut sleeve 6, with the bidirectional lead screw 4 being the core component for achieving synchronous transmission. A mounting plate 7 is located in the middle of the support frame, fixedly mounted on two connecting plates 3 perpendicular to them. The mounting plate 7 has bearing 8 mounting holes, and the bearings 8 are fitted into these holes. The bidirectional lead screw 4 passes through the inner ring of the bearing 8, with a clearance fit, and is rotatable relative to the mounting plate 7 and the support frame. Locking nuts 9 are provided on the bidirectional lead screw 4 on both sides of the bearing 8. When tightened, the locking nuts 9 abut against the mounting plate 7 and the outer ring of the bearing 8, thus limiting the axial movement of the bidirectional lead screw 4. This allows the bidirectional lead screw 4 to rotate circumferentially relative to the bearing 8 and the mounting plate 7 while completely restricting its axial movement, ensuring stability during rotation and thus guaranteeing the motion accuracy of the clamping components. The bidirectional lead screw 4 has two trapezoidal threads with opposite directions along its axial direction. The thread parameters of the two trapezoidal threads are identical, only their directions are opposite. A first nut sleeve 5 and a second nut sleeve 6 are respectively provided on each trapezoidal thread for corresponding engagement. The first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6 are engaged with the bidirectional lead screw 4 via trapezoidal thread engagement. Clamping components are fixedly connected to the first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6, arranged in a mirror image. When the bidirectional lead screw 4 rotates around its own axis, due to the opposite directions of the two trapezoidal threads, the two nut sleeves will move synchronously in opposite directions or in a straight line along the axial direction of the bidirectional lead screw 4 under the drive of the trapezoidal threads. This drives the clamping components fixedly connected to the nut sleeves to move synchronously, achieving clamping or releasing actions. This structure, where a single drive source drives the synchronous movement of two clamping components, ensures the central symmetry of the clamping action from a mechanical structure perspective, effectively avoiding the problems of skewness, jamming, and uneven force caused by synchronization errors in traditional double lead screw drives or single-sided drive structures. Furthermore, the bidirectional lead screw 4 employs a trapezoidal thread that meshes with the first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6 respectively. This trapezoidal thread possesses excellent mechanical self-locking characteristics, enabling the bidirectional lead screw 4 to maintain a stable clamping force with the first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6 after the drive stops, preventing the clamping components from loosening. This, in turn, maintains the stability of the measuring equipment, improves measurement accuracy, and enhances the safety and reliability of the equipment. Additionally, to facilitate the rotation of the bidirectional lead screw 4, one end of the bidirectional lead screw 4 passes through the support frame and extends to the outside of the support frame. A detachable handle 12 is provided at the protruding end of the bidirectional lead screw 4. The handle 12 is fitted with an anti-slip grip sleeve, and its outer wall has evenly distributed anti-slip protrusions to facilitate the operator's application of force.

[0031] Specifically, the clamping assembly is used to directly contact the bottom sides of the rail head of the rail 14, forming the other two contact points in the three-point clamping. The two clamping assemblies are fixed to the first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6 respectively, arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner. The clamping assembly specifically includes a connecting arm 10 and a clamping plate 11. The upper end of the connecting arm 10 is fixedly connected to the first nut sleeve 5 or the second nut sleeve 6. The connecting arm 10 extends downward in the vertical direction, and its length is adapted according to the height of the rail head of the rail 14 to ensure that rails of various sizes can be clamped. The lower part of the connecting arm 10 is provided with a detachable clamping plate 11. The clamping plate 11 has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the side facing the rail head of the rail 14 as the clamping surface. The clamping surface is set as an inclined surface, and the inclined surface expands and slopes from top to bottom towards the rail 14. When the two clamping surfaces contact the bottom sides of the rail head of the rail 14 for clamping, the clamping surfaces are tangent to the arc contour of the bottom of the rail head of the rail 14. In conjunction with the protruding abutment surface at the bottom of the support frame, the rail head of the rail 14 is clamped at three points. The geometric center of the three contact points formed in this way coincides with the center of the rail 14, forming a stable geometric constraint relationship. This avoids the off-center load moment that is easily generated in the two-point clamping structure, reduces the risk of local stress concentration and damage to the surface of the rail 14, and ensures that the detection benchmark is always consistent with the geometric center of the rail 14. This significantly improves the repeatability and measurement accuracy of key detection parameters such as gauge and level. Two mirror-mounted clamping plates 11 contact and abut against the bottom sides of the rail head of the rail 14. When the rail 14 is initially not aligned with the geometric center of the entire clamping device, the clamping plate 11 that first contacts and abuts against the rail 14 continues to rotate the bidirectional lead screw 4. The clamping plate 11 will drive the entire device to move towards the center of the rail until the other clamping plate 11 contacts and abuts against the bottom of the rail head of the rail 14, automatically correcting the clamping center position and achieving self-centering clamping of the rail 14. Even if the rail 14 has a rail base slope or rail web width deviation, it can still automatically complete the centering during the clamping process, adapting to the differences in rail head size of different models of rail 14, achieving self-centering clamping without manual adjustment, and enhancing the versatility of the clamping device.

[0032] Specifically, the guiding mechanism provides guidance for the movement of the clamping assembly, enabling it to move smoothly in a straight line along the length of the support frame and preventing deviation or jamming during movement. This mechanism includes guide rails. Horizontal guide rails are respectively provided on the side walls of the two connecting plates 3 of the support frame facing the connecting arm 10. The guide rails are arranged along the length of the support frame. Guide grooves that mate with the guide rails are provided on the corresponding two side surfaces of the connecting arm 10. The shape and size of the guide grooves are adapted to the guide rails, and the guide grooves are fitted onto the guide rails, forming a sliding fit. This allows the connecting arm 10 to slide smoothly along the guide rails, preventing the clamping assembly from tilting during movement.

[0033] The working process of the rail clamping device of this utility model:

[0034] When it is necessary to clamp the rail 14, the operator places the clamping device on the rail 14 via a frame, so that the protrusion of the support frame connecting plate 3 abuts against the top of the rail head of the rail 14. The operator turns the handle 12, causing the bidirectional lead screw 4 to rotate around its own axis. Since the two trapezoidal threads on the bidirectional lead screw 4 rotate in opposite directions, the first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6 will move synchronously towards each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional lead screw 4 under the drive of the threads. This, in turn, causes the connecting arm 10, which is fixedly connected to the first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6, to slide synchronously towards each other along the guide rail. The connecting arm 10 then causes the clamping plate 11 to move synchronously towards each other. The clamping surfaces of the two clamping plates 11 gradually approach and abut against the sides of the bottom of the rail head of the rail 14. When the two clamping plates 11 do not simultaneously contact the bottom of the rail head of the rail 14, the handle 12 is rotated further. The clamping plate 11 that first contacts the bottom of the rail head of the rail 14 will drive the entire measuring device to the center position for correction until the clamping surfaces of the two clamping plates 11 are tightly fitted with the sides of the rail head of the rail 14, forming a stable three-point contact clamping. Due to the trapezoidal thread of the bidirectional lead screw 4, mechanical self-locking is also achieved, which keeps the clamping device with a stable clamping force and prevents the clamping components from loosening. Then, the rail 14 is subjected to fixed-point testing. When it is necessary to release the rail head of the rail 14, the operator rotates the handle 12 in the opposite direction, which drives the bidirectional lead screw 4 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first nut sleeve 5 and the second nut sleeve 6 move synchronously and oppositely along the axial direction of the bidirectional lead screw 4, which drives the clamping plates 11 away from the rail head of the rail 14, thus releasing the clamping of the rail head of the rail 14.

[0035] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model. Technologies, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in this utility model are all known technologies.

[0036] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of this utility model. In addition, other implementations are also included. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of this technical solution are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rail clamp device characterised in that: The utility model provides a rail head clamp, including support frame, guide mechanism, transmission assembly and clamping assembly, support frame is equipped with guide mechanism and transmission assembly, two mirror symmetry setting clamping assembly are slidably matched on the guide mechanism, two clamping assemblies are transmission connection with transmission assembly, and the synchronous linear motion of opposite direction is done under the drive of transmission assembly along the guide mechanism, when support frame abuts on the rail (14) rail head top, two clamping assemblies move towards under the drive of transmission assembly and abut on the both sides of rail (14) rail head bottom, and the clamping of three contact points of rail (14) rail head is formed.

2. A rail clamp as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The support frame includes a first support plate (1) and a second support plate (2) arranged in mirror image; the first support plate (1) and the second support plate (2) are arranged in a vertical direction and are parallel to each other; two connecting plates (3) are arranged between the first support plate (1) and the second support plate (2) and are parallel to each other; the connecting plates (3) are arranged in a horizontal direction and are perpendicular to the first support plate (1) and the second support plate (2); and the bottom of the connecting plate (3) is provided with a protrusion.

3. A rail clamp as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The transmission assembly includes a bidirectional screw rod (4), a first nut sleeve (5), and a second nut sleeve (6); an installation plate (7) is fixedly arranged between the two connecting plates (3); the bidirectional screw rod (4) is rotatably arranged on the connecting plate (3) in the length direction of the support frame; two sections of trapezoidal threads with opposite rotation directions are arranged on the bidirectional screw rod (4) in an axial direction; the first nut sleeve (5) and the second nut sleeve (6) are respectively arranged on the two sections of trapezoidal threads and are correspondingly engaged with the two sections of trapezoidal threads; and the first nut sleeve (5) and the second nut sleeve (6) are respectively fixedly connected with the clamping assembly.

4. A rail clamp as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The bidirectional screw rod (4) is rotatably arranged on the installation plate (7) through a bearing (8); lock nuts (9) are respectively arranged on the bidirectional screw rod (4) on both sides of the bearing (8); and the lock nuts (9) are screwed onto the outer ring of the installation plate (7) and the bearing (8) to axially limit the bidirectional screw rod (4).

5. A rail clamp as defined in claim 3, wherein: The clamping assembly includes a connecting arm (10) and a clamping plate (11); the first nut sleeve (5) and the second nut sleeve (6) are respectively fixedly connected with the connecting arm (10); the connecting arm (10) extends downward in a vertical direction, and the lower part of the connecting arm (10) is provided with a detachable clamping plate (11).

6. A rail clamp as defined in claim 5, wherein: The cross section of the clamping plate (11) is trapezoidal, and one side of the clamping plate (11) facing the rail head of the rail (14) is a clamping surface; the clamping surface is an inclined surface that expands and inclines toward the rail (14) from top to bottom.

7. A rail clamp as defined in claim 2, wherein: The guide mechanism includes a guide rail; the side wall of the connecting plate (3) facing the connecting arm (10) is provided with a guide rail; and the two side surfaces of the connecting arm (10) are provided with guide grooves matched with the guide rail.

8. A rail clamp as defined in claim 3, wherein: One end of the bidirectional screw rod (4) penetrates through the first support plate (1), and a detachable handle (12) is arranged at the penetrating end.

9. A rail clamp as claimed in claim 8, wherein: A non-slip sleeve is arranged outside the handle (12); and a plurality of non-slip protrusions are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the non-slip sleeve.

10. A rail clamp as defined in claim 1, wherein: A protective cover (13) is arranged at the top of the support frame.

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