Geological exploration coring drilling tool
By introducing torsion spring connections and adaptive cutter wing structures into geological exploration drilling tools, the problem of the inability to adjust the cutter wings in existing technologies has been solved, enabling adaptive adjustment of the drill bit, reducing the risk of stuck drill and energy consumption, and improving drilling efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing geological exploration drilling tools have blades and drill bits that are integrally formed, which cannot be adjusted according to the friction between the borehole wall and the drill bit. This results in ineffective deployment when the friction is low, increasing energy consumption and making the drill bit prone to jamming.
A geological exploration coring drill bit was designed. It uses a torsion spring connection between the drill bit and the collar, and a protrusion to trigger the radial displacement of the cutter blades. The cutter blades automatically expand or retract according to the magnitude of friction to reduce friction. The tool includes multiple standard sections, a cutter blade expansion structure, and a limiting mechanism to achieve adaptive adjustment of the cutter blades.
It effectively reduces the risk of drill bit getting stuck, lowers energy consumption, and improves drilling efficiency. By automatically adjusting the deployment and retraction of the cutter wings, it can adapt to different geological conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN224079071U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to geological exploration, and in particular to a core drilling tool for geological exploration. Background Technology
[0002] Geological exploration refers to the process of systematically investigating and studying the Earth's surface and internal structure, material composition, resource distribution, and geological structure through a series of scientific methods and technical means. Its core purpose is to explore natural resources such as minerals, energy, and groundwater, and to provide geological basis for engineering construction, disaster prevention and control, and environmental protection.
[0003] During geological exploration, drilling and sampling are required. Current technology generally involves using a drilling rig to drive the drill bit into the bottom layer and take samples. The drill bit is used to collect and preserve underground soil, rock and other samples.
[0004] In related technologies, drilling tools are generally open, thick-walled, hollow cylindrical structures, mainly consisting of drill rods and drill bits connected in sequence. The drill bit drills through the strata, and the soil and rock are cut into columns and stored in the hollow structure of the drilling tool.
[0005] In existing drilling tools, as the drill bit penetrates deeper into the strata, rock cuttings and soil accumulate, increasing the friction between the drill bit and the borehole wall, which can cause the drill bit to get stuck. To avoid this, cutter wings are typically installed at the drill bit to widen the borehole wall and reduce the contact between the borehole wall and the drill bit, thus reducing friction. However, in existing technologies, the cutter wings are generally integrally formed with the drill bit and are not adjustable. They cannot be adjusted to retract or extend according to the magnitude of friction between the borehole wall and the drill bit, resulting in ineffective energy consumption when the borehole wall friction is low. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the problem in the prior art that the cutter blade and drill bit are generally integrally formed and cannot be adjusted to retract or extend according to the magnitude of the friction between the borehole wall and the drill bit, this utility model proposes a geological exploration core drilling tool.
[0007] The technical solution of this utility model includes a standard section, a drill bit, multiple blade deployment structures, and a limiting mechanism.
[0008] Multiple standard sections can be detachably connected to form a drill pipe;
[0009] The drill bit is detachably connected to the lower end of the drill rod. The top of the drill bit has an annular mounting groove with an upper opening. A vertically arranged torsion spring is fixedly connected in the annular mounting groove. A collar is fixedly connected to the upper end of the torsion spring. The collar is rotatably sleeved on the upper part of the drill bit. The drill rod is connected to the collar in a transmission connection.
[0010] The drill bit is provided with multiple circumferential grooves around the drill bit axis, and the grooves are vertically arranged with their openings facing away from the drill bit axis.
[0011] The blade wing deployment structure is guided and set in the slide groove, and the blade wing deployment structure corresponds one-to-one with the slide groove;
[0012] The blade wing deployment structure includes blade wings and protrusions. The blade wings are slidably disposed in the groove. The blade wings are vertically disposed and can be radially displaced. The protrusions are circumferentially spaced around the axis of the collar and are configured to cooperate with the blade wings.
[0013] The apex of the bump is a wedge-shaped tip, the width of which is the vertical distance from the surface of the collar to the tip, and is used to trigger the radial displacement of the blade.
[0014] The limiting mechanism is located on the drill bit to limit the rotation range of the collar.
[0015] Preferably, the standard section includes an inner rod and an outer rod, with the outer rod sleeved on the outer surface of the inner rod;
[0016] The inner rod is provided with an axial limiting structure that connects to the outer rod, so that the inner rod rotates when the outer rod rotates.
[0017] Preferably, a limit key is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner rod, and a vertical limit groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer rod, with the vertical limit groove slidably connected to the limit key.
[0018] Preferably, a limiting block is provided at the top of the collar, and the limiting block is slidably connected to a vertical limiting groove on the vertically adjacent outer rod, so as to drive the collar to rotate when the outer rod rotates.
[0019] Preferably, the drill bit further includes a connecting pipe, which is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit, and a collar is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting pipe.
[0020] The connecting tube is detachably connected to the lower end of the vertically adjacent inner rod, and the connecting tube and the inner rod have the same diameter.
[0021] Preferably, the blade wing deployment structure further includes two support rods and two strip-shaped sliding openings. The two support rods are arranged vertically at intervals within the sliding groove, and both ends of the support rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. The strip-shaped sliding openings are opened on the blade wing, extending perpendicular to the blade wing's extension direction, and the two strip-shaped sliding openings are arranged vertically at intervals. The support rods are slidably connected to the interior of the corresponding strip-shaped sliding openings.
[0022] Preferably, the reset component includes a spring, and a clearance groove is provided at one end of the cutter blade near the axis of the sliding drill bit, and the clearance groove is set perpendicular to the sliding groove. The spring is set at the bottom of the clearance groove and is set along the extension direction of the clearance groove. The spring is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the sliding groove and the inner wall of the clearance groove.
[0023] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a baffle and a limiting plate. The baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit, and the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collar. The baffle and the limiting plate are configured to block each other.
[0024] Preferably, the baffle and the protrusion are laterally adjacent, and the limiting plate is located between the baffle and the protrusion;
[0025] When the apex of the protrusion contacts the outer surface of the blade, the limiting plate contacts the baffle.
[0026] The advantages of this utility model are: by connecting the drill bit and the collar with a torsion spring, when the friction between the hole wall and the drill bit is greater than the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring, the collar rotates, and the protrusion triggers the radial displacement of the cutter blade. After the friction decreases, the cutter blade can quickly return to its original position, so that the cutter blade can automatically unfold and retract according to the magnitude of the friction between the drill bit and the hole wall. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main exploded structure of Example 1;
[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Example 1;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit structure in Example 1;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drill bit in Example 1;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blade deployment structure in Example 1.
[0033] In the diagram, 1 is the inner rod, 2 is the outer rod, 3 is the connecting pipe, 4 is the drill bit, 5 is the limit key, 6 is the collar, 7 is the limit block, 8 is the blade unfolding structure, 801 is the blade, 802 is the protrusion, 803 is the support rod, 804 is the strip-shaped sliding mouth, 805 is the spring, 9 is the limit mechanism, 901 is the baffle, 902 is the limit plate, and 10 is the torsion spring. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0035] Example 1: This example aims to propose a core drilling tool for geological exploration.
[0036] Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes a standard section, a drill bit 4, multiple blade deployment structures 8, and a limiting mechanism 9.
[0037] Multiple standard sections can be detachably connected to form a drill pipe. A standard section includes an inner rod 1 and an outer rod 2. The outer rod 2 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner rod 1. The inner rod 1 is provided with an axial limiting structure that is connected to the outer rod 2, so that the inner rod 1 can be rotated when the outer rod 2 rotates.
[0038] A limit key 5 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner rod 1, and a vertical limit groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer rod 2. The vertical limit groove is slidably connected to the limit key 5.
[0039] The top of the drill bit 4 has an annular mounting groove with an upper opening. A vertically arranged torsion spring 10 is fixedly connected in the annular mounting groove. A collar 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the torsion spring 10. The collar 6 is rotatably sleeved on the upper part of the drill bit 4. A limit block 7 is provided on the top of the collar 6. The limit block 7 is slidably connected to the vertical limit groove on the vertically adjacent outer rod 2, so that the collar 6 can be driven to rotate when the outer rod 2 rotates.
[0040] The drill bit 4 also includes a connecting pipe 3, which is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit 4. The collar 6 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the connecting pipe 3. The connecting pipe 3 is detachably connected to the lower end of the vertically adjacent inner rod 1. The detachable connection can be a threaded connection. The connecting pipe 3 and the inner rod 1 have the same diameter, so that after the drill bit 4 is connected to the drill rod, the outer rod 2 moves downward and is connected to the limiting block 7 set on the top of the collar 6.
[0041] The drill bit 4 is provided with multiple circumferential grooves around the axis of the drill bit 4, and the grooves are vertically arranged with their openings facing away from the axis of the drill bit 4.
[0042] All blade wing deployment structures 8 are guided and set in the slide grooves, and the blade wing deployment structures 8 correspond one-to-one with the slide grooves.
[0043] The blade wing deployment structure 8 includes blade wing 801 and protrusions 802. Blade wing 801 is slidably disposed in a groove. Blade wing 801 is vertically disposed and can be radially displaced. Protrusions 802 are circumferentially spaced around the axis of collar 6. Protrusions 802 are configured to cooperate with blade wing 801. Protrusions 802 and blade wing 801 correspond one-to-one. When collar 6 rotates, protrusions 802 can contact blade wing 801 and push blade wing 801 to move.
[0044] The apex of the protrusion 802 is a wedge-shaped tip, the width of which is the vertical distance from the surface of the collar 6 to the tip, and is used to trigger the radial displacement of the blade 801.
[0045] The blade wing deployment structure 8 also includes two support rods 803 and two strip-shaped sliding openings 804. The two support rods 803 are arranged vertically and alternately in the sliding groove. Both ends of the support rods 803 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. The strip-shaped sliding openings 804 are opened on the blade wing 801. The strip-shaped sliding openings 804 extend perpendicular to the extension direction of the blade wing 801, and the two strip-shaped sliding openings 804 are arranged vertically and alternately. The support rods 803 are slidably connected to the interior of the corresponding strip-shaped sliding openings 804, so that the blade wing 801 can slide radially. This allows the blade wing 801 to switch between two states: completely within the sliding groove and partially extending outside the sliding groove, so that the blade wing 801 can be retracted and deployed.
[0046] The reset component includes a spring 805. The blade 801 has a relief groove at one end near the axis of the sliding drill bit 4, and the relief groove is perpendicular to the sliding groove. The spring 805 is located at the bottom of the relief groove and is arranged along the extension direction of the relief groove. The spring 805 is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the sliding groove and the inner wall of the relief groove, so that when the protrusion 802 resets, the blade 801 can reset synchronously.
[0047] The limiting mechanism 9 is provided on the drill bit 4 to limit the rotation range of the collar 6. The limiting mechanism 9 includes a baffle 901 and a limiting plate 902. The baffle 901 is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit 4, and the limiting plate 902 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collar 6. The baffle 901 and the limiting plate 902 are provided for blocking.
[0048] The baffle 901 and the protrusion 802 are laterally adjacent, and the limiting plate 902 is located between the baffle 901 and the protrusion 802. When the apex of the protrusion 802 contacts the outer surface of the blade 801, the limiting plate 902 contacts the baffle 901. When the collar 6 rotates, it drives the limiting plate 902 to move circumferentially until the baffle 901 contacts the limiting plate 902. When the baffle 901 contacts the limiting plate 902, the drill bit 4 and the drill rod resume transmission connection. The rotation of the drill rod continues to drive the drill bit 4 to rotate, limiting the rotation angle of the collar 6. When the protrusion 802 triggers the guide displacement of the blade 801, the drill bit 4 can continue to rotate, thereby driving the blade 801 to rotate.
[0049] Working principle: When the friction between the hole wall and the drill bit 4 is too great, the torsion spring 10 undergoes elastic deformation, the collar 6 rotates, and the rotation of the collar 6 causes the protrusion 802 to contact the blade 801. Multiple protrusions 802 on the collar 6 are in contact with the blade 801, which stretches the spring 805. The blade 801 slides along the corresponding guide groove, causing the blade 801 to move away from the drill bit 4, thereby causing the blade 801 to unfold and scrape against the hole wall, which expands the inner wall of the hole and reduces the friction between the drill bit 4 and the hole wall. When the friction between the hole wall and the drill bit 4 is reduced to the point that the torsion spring 10 can no longer undergo elastic deformation, the collar 6 gradually returns to its original position, the protrusion 802 disengages from the blade 801, and the blade 801 returns to its original position under the action of the potential energy of the spring 805, thereby causing the blade 801 to retract.
[0050] Therefore, the deployment and retraction of the cutter wing 801 can be automatically switched according to the magnitude of the friction between the drill bit 4 and the hole wall, thereby reducing the risk of the drill bit 4 getting stuck and retracting the cutter wing 801 in a timely manner to reduce energy consumption.
[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims and not by the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A geological exploration coring drill, characterized by: The standard section, drill bit (4), multiple blade expansion structure (8), reset member and limiting mechanism (9); Multiple standard sections are detachably connected to form a drill rod; The drill bit (4) is detachably connected to the lower end of the drill rod, the top of the drill bit (4) is provided with an annular mounting groove with an upper opening, a vertical torsional spring (10) is fixedly connected in the annular mounting groove, the upper end of the torsional spring (10) is fixedly connected with a sleeve ring (6), the sleeve ring (6) is rotatably sleeved on the upper part of the drill bit (4), and the drill rod is in transmission connection with the sleeve ring (6); The drill bit (4) is provided with multiple sliding grooves which are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the drill bit (4) and vertically arranged, and the opening direction of the sliding groove is arranged away from the axis of the drill bit (4); The blade expansion structure (8) is guided and arranged in the sliding groove, and the blade expansion structure (8) corresponds to the sliding groove one by one; The blade expansion structure (8) includes a blade (801) and a protruding block (802), the blade (801) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, the blade (801) is vertically arranged and can be radially displaced, the protruding block (802) is circumferentially and spacedly arranged around the axis of the sleeve ring (6), and the protruding block (802) is arranged in cooperation with the blade (801); The vertex of the protruding block (802) is a wedge-shaped tip, the width of which is the vertical distance from the surface of the sleeve ring (6) to the vertex of the tip, and is used for triggering the radial displacement of the blade (801); The limiting mechanism (9) is arranged on the drill bit (4) to limit the rotation range of the sleeve ring (6).
2. A geological exploration coring drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard section includes an inner rod (1) and an outer rod (2), and the outer rod (2) is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner rod (1); The inner rod (1) is provided with an axial limiting structure connected with the outer rod (2) to drive the inner rod (1) to rotate when the outer rod (2) rotates.
3. A geological exploration coring drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the inner rod (1) is fixedly connected with a limiting key (5), and the inner wall of the outer rod (2) is provided with a vertical limiting sliding groove which is in sliding connection with the limiting key (5).
4. A geological exploration coring drill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the sleeve ring (6) is provided with a limiting block (7) which is in sliding connection with the vertical limiting sliding groove on the vertically adjacent outer rod (2) to drive the sleeve ring (6) to rotate when the outer rod (2) rotates.
5. A geological exploration coring drill according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The drill bit (4) further includes a connecting pipe (3) which is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit (4), and the sleeve ring (6) is in rotational connection with the outer surface of the connecting pipe (3). The connecting pipe (3) is detachably connected with the lower end of the vertically adjacent inner rod (1), and the connecting pipe (3) has the same diameter as the inner rod (1).
6. A geological exploration coring tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The blade expansion structure (8) further includes two supporting rods (803) and two strip-shaped sliding openings (804), the two supporting rods (803) are spacedly arranged in the sliding groove, the two ends of the supporting rod (803) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove, the strip-shaped sliding opening (804) is arranged on the blade (801), the strip-shaped sliding opening (804) extends perpendicular to the extending direction of the blade (801), and the two strip-shaped sliding openings (804) are spacedly arranged, and the supporting rod (803) is in sliding connection with the inner part of the corresponding strip-shaped sliding opening (804).
7. A geological exploration coring drill according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reset member comprises a spring (805), the blade wing (801) is provided with an avoiding slot near one end of the shaft center of the sliding groove drill bit (4), the avoiding slot is perpendicular to the sliding groove, the spring (805) is arranged on the slot bottom of the avoiding slot, the spring (805) is arranged along the extending direction of the avoiding slot, and the spring (805) is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the sliding groove and the inner wall of the avoiding slot.
8. A geological exploration coring drill according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (9) comprises a baffle (901) and a limiting plate (902), the baffle (901) is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit (4), the limiting plate (902) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sleeve ring (6), and the baffle (901) and the limiting plate (902) are arranged in blocking mode.
9. A geological exploration coring drill according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baffle (901) is transversely adjacent to the protruding block (802), and the limiting plate (902) is located between the baffle (901) and the protruding block (802). When the vertex of the protruding block (802) is in contact with the outer surface of the blade wing (801), the limiting plate (902) is in contact with the baffle (901).