Wheat cultivation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a wheat cultivation device which comprises a cultivation box body, a box door is hinged to the front side of the cultivation box body, a bearing structure is arranged in the box body, a water and fertilizer cultivation assembly is borne on the bearing structure, and a film covering assembly is arranged behind the water and fertilizer cultivation assembly. The water-fertilizer cultivation assembly comprises a water-fertilizer container and a bearing disc, a bearing hole is formed in the bearing disc, the lower end face of the bearing disc extends to form a root system development cavity, and a detachable cultivation cup is embedded in the bearing hole in a matched mode; the film covering assembly comprises a fixed rod and a rotating assembly, the rotating assembly comprises a rotating rod, and a fresh-keeping medium is wound on the rotating rod. Through the arrangement, wheat seed germination accelerating and seedling raising integration is achieved, wheat seedling root completeness during sampling is guaranteed, operation is simple and time-saving, convenience is provided for scientific research sampling and variety screening, wheat hybrid variety iteration screening efficiency is remarkably improved, the structure is reasonable, and practicability is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural planting, and concretely relates to a novel wheat cultivation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The core of cultivating high-quality wheat hybrid varieties is to realize rapid iteration and screening of wheat seedlings, shorten the breeding cycle, and ensure the integrity of single wheat seedlings to provide high-quality samples for trait detection and transplanting and propagation.

[0003] The current wheat seedling raising generally adopts the traditional mode of step-by-step operation of germination and seedling cultivation. This mode has obvious shortcomings and is difficult to adapt to scientific research needs: in the traditional cultivation process, the operator needs to complete the wheat seed germination operation in a special germination container first, and then manually transplants the seedlings one by one into independent cultivation containers after the wheat seeds germinate and form seedlings, and then enters the subsequent seedling cultivation link. The problems are: 1. There are many manual intervention links and the operation is complicated, not only occupying a lot of labor cost, but also easily causing mechanical damage to the delicate root system of the seedlings during the transplanting process, resulting in a decrease in the survival rate of some high-quality seedlings, wasting high-quality hybrid wheat seed resources, affecting the screening accuracy due to damaged samples, indirectly prolonging the breeding iteration cycle, and the step-by-step operation needs to frequently transfer the seedlings, and the seedlings are exposed to the external environment during the process, which is easily affected by temperature and humidity fluctuations, further reducing the stability of seedling raising and restricting the rapid iteration efficiency of high-quality wheat seedlings; 2. In the water and fertilizer integrated cultivation scene, the roots of the seedlings will freely extend into the water and fertilizer solution below, and the roots of adjacent seedlings are easy to entangle and interweave. When researchers need to take out single seedlings for trait detection or transplanting, it not only takes time and effort to separate the entangled roots, but also easily causes root breakage, cannot guarantee the integrity of the samples, and still cannot meet the needs of independent management and non-destructive sampling of single seedlings for breeding research, and cannot truly realize the efficient and rapid iteration of high-quality wheat seedlings.

[0004] In summary, the existing wheat cultivation technology and device cannot realize the integration of germination and seedling raising, cannot guarantee the integrity of the seedlings while reducing manual intervention and simplifying the operation steps, and restricts the iteration efficiency and sample quality of wheat hybrid breeding, so a specific optimized wheat cultivation device is needed to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model provides a wheat cultivation device to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] The utility model discloses a technical scheme adopted is: a wheat cultivation device, including the cultivation box, the cultivation box front side hinged has the box door that can open and close, the cultivation box is along the vertical direction array and is provided with the bearing structure in, each group bearing structure all bears the water and fertilizer cultivation subassembly on, and the rear of each water and fertilizer cultivation subassembly all corresponds to be provided with the mulching assembly, water and fertilizer cultivation subassembly includes water and fertilizer container and bearing tray, and bearing tray is horizontally erected in water and fertilizer container top, and the upper end surface of bearing tray is arrayed and is opened bearing hole, and the lower end surface of bearing tray is extended to the periphery of each bearing hole downward and forms the root system development cavity corresponding to each bearing hole respectively, and each bearing hole all is adapted and is embedded with a detachable cultivation cup, mulching assembly includes the fixed rod of fixed in the cultivation box rear side inner wall, and the rotating assembly of being located fixed rod directly below, and rotating assembly contains the rotating stick, and the outer wall of rotating stick is coiled and has the fresh -keeping medium for covering bearing tray.

[0007] The bearing structure includes two bearing modules which are arranged oppositely and are same in structure, each bearing module includes a main plate, the upper edge and the lower edge of the main plate extend to the inside of the cultivation box respectively, forming an upper bearing part and a lower bearing part, and one end surface of the main plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cultivation box; the bottom of the left and right ends of the bearing tray is supported on the upper bearing part of the two bearing modules respectively, and the bottom of the left and right ends of the water and fertilizer container is supported on the lower bearing part of the two bearing modules respectively.

[0008] The rear edge of the upper bearing part extends to the center of the cultivation box to form a first limiting plate, and the rear edge of the main plate extends to the center of the cultivation box to form a second limiting plate; the first limiting plate is used for abutting against the rear end surface of the root system development cavity in the last row, and the second limiting plate is used for abutting against the rear end surface of the water and fertilizer container.

[0009] The bearing hole is in a stepped shape, and the lower part of the inner wall of the bearing hole extends inward to form a ring-shaped step.

[0010] The detachable cultivation cup includes a cylindrical main body, a chuck is formed on the outer periphery of the middle part of the cylindrical main body and extends outward, and a ring-shaped seed placing disc is formed on the inner periphery of the middle part of the cylindrical main body and extends inward, the lower end surface of the chuck is supported on the upper end surface of the ring-shaped step, and the detachable cultivation cup is adapted to be embedded in the bearing hole.

[0011] The guide seedling cavity is formed above the upper end surface of the ring-shaped seed placing disc in the cylindrical main body of the detachable cultivation cup, and the guide root cavity is formed below the lower end surface of the ring-shaped seed placing disc in the cylindrical main body of the detachable cultivation cup.

[0012] The ring-shaped seed placing disc is made of a flexible material, and the diameter of the through hole in the center of the ring-shaped seed placing disc is 1.5mm-2.5mm.

[0013] The two ends of the rotating rod extend outward to form tenons, and the tenons are provided with first threaded holes. The rotating assembly also includes two bearings that are fixedly installed on the left and right inner walls of the cultivation box. Each bearing is fitted with a connector, which is cylindrical in structure. The end face of the connector away from the bearing is provided with a groove that matches the tenon. The inner wall of the groove is provided with a second threaded hole. The tenon is inserted into the groove and fixedly connected to the connector by bolts passing through the second threaded hole and the first threaded hole in sequence. One of the connectors is provided with an insert groove on the end face away from the groove. A crank handle that passes through the wall of the cultivation box is fitted and fixedly connected in the insert groove.

[0014] The top inner wall of the cultivation box and the lower end face of the lower support part of each support module are provided with a pair of symmetrical inclined surfaces, which slope downward from the side wall of the cultivation box towards the center of the box; except for the support module near the bottom inner wall of the cultivation box, the other inclined surfaces are covered with light lamps.

[0015] The lower part of the incubation chamber is equipped with a heating component, which includes a horizontal partition, a vertical partition, a ceramic heater, and a fan. The horizontal partition is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the incubation chamber and is located below the lowest supporting module. The vertical partition is vertically fixed to the front part of the lower end face of the horizontal partition. A rearwardly extending mounting groove is opened in the middle of the front end face of the vertical partition, and the fan is installed in the mounting groove. The ceramic heater is fixed in the space enclosed by the horizontal partition, the vertical partition, and the inner wall of the incubation chamber, and is located behind the fan. A gap is left between the rear edge of the horizontal partition and the rear side wall of the incubation chamber, which forms a hot air channel connecting the interior of the heating component and the upper space of the incubation chamber.

[0016] The front end of the row of root development chambers near the front end of the cultivation box is provided with an opening; the box door, the support plate and the water and fertilizer container are all made of transparent material.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1. Achieve integrated germination and seedling cultivation, avoiding mechanical damage and environmental interference. This device, with its detachable cultivation cups on the support plate, allows wheat seeds to complete the entire process from germination to seedling cultivation directly within the cup. This design eliminates the cumbersome steps of germination followed by transplanting in the traditional method, avoiding mechanical damage to the delicate root systems of seedlings caused by manual transplanting, and effectively improving the survival rate of high-quality seedlings. Simultaneously, the seedlings remain within the same cultivation chamber throughout the process, eliminating the need for frequent transfers and exposure to the outside environment, reducing the impact of temperature and humidity fluctuations on seedling stability, ensuring the integrity of the selected samples, and thus shortening the breeding iteration cycle. 2. Enable independent management of individual seedlings, solving the problem of root entanglement and meeting the requirements for non-destructive sampling. The detachable cultivation cup has an independent root-guiding cavity, which guides the root system of each individual wheat seedling to grow downwards independently, effectively preventing the roots of adjacent seedlings from entangled and intertwined in the water and fertilizer solution. When researchers need to perform trait testing or transplant propagation, the entire culture cup can be directly removed from the device without the need for laborious root separation, ensuring the integrity and undamaged root system of each wheat seedling. This design meets the urgent needs of breeding research for independent management of individual plants and high-quality, complete samples, significantly improving the efficiency of rapid iterative screening of superior wheat seedlings. 3. Simplified operation process, reduced labor costs, and improved space utilization. This device integrates germination and seedling cultivation, greatly reducing manual intervention and lowering operational difficulty and labor costs. Simultaneously, the multi-layered support structure optimizes the spatial layout, and combined with the environmental control functions of the film covering component and the light-heating component, it provides an efficient and stable cultivation platform for wheat hybridization breeding, ensuring the rapid selection of superior wheat varieties. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a right view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 For Figure 3 BB section view;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a front view of the box door of this utility model after it is opened;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the load-bearing module of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water and fertilizer cultivation component of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the water and fertilizer cultivation component of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the water and fertilizer container of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the bearing plate of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the bearing plate of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable culture cup structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a portion of the coating component of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating rod of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connector of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the connector of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the crank handle of this utility model;

[0036] Markings in the diagram: 1. Cultivation box; 2. Box door; 3. Support structure; 31. Support module; 32. Main body plate; 33. Upper support part; 34. Lower support part; 35. First limiting plate; 36. Second limiting plate; 4. Water and fertilizer cultivation component; 41. Water and fertilizer container; 42. Support plate; 421. Support hole; 4211. Annular step; 422. Root development cavity; 43. Detachable cultivation cup; 431. Cylindrical main body; 432. Chuck; 433. Annular placement Seed tray; 434, seedling guide cavity; 435, root guide cavity; 5, film covering assembly; 51, fixing rod; 52, rotating rod; 521, locking tenon; 522, first threaded hole; 53, preservation medium; 54, bearing; 55, connector; 551, slot; 552, second threaded hole; 553, mounting groove; 56, crank handle; 6, light lamp; 7, heating assembly; 71, transverse partition; 72, longitudinal partition; 721, mounting groove; 73, ceramic heater; 74, fan. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figures 1-17As shown, a wheat cultivation device includes a cultivation box 1 with an openable door 2 hinged to the front. Supporting structures 3 are arranged vertically inside the cultivation box 1, each supporting structure 3 supporting a water and fertilizer cultivation component 4. A covering component 5 is correspondingly arranged behind each water and fertilizer cultivation component 4. The water and fertilizer cultivation component 4 includes a water and fertilizer container 41 and a supporting tray 42. The supporting tray 42 is horizontally mounted above the water and fertilizer container 41. Support holes 421 are arranged in an array on the upper surface of the supporting tray 42, and support holes 421 are arranged on the lower surface of each support tray 42. The outer periphery of the bearing hole 421 extends downward to form root development cavities 422 corresponding to each bearing hole 421. A detachable cultivation cup 43 is fitted into each bearing hole 421. The covering assembly 5 includes a fixing rod 51 fixed to the inner rear wall of the cultivation box 1, and a rotating assembly located directly below the fixing rod 51. The rotating assembly includes a rotating rod 52, and a preservation medium 53 for covering the bearing plate 42 is wound on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating rod 52. In this configuration, the water and fertilizer container 41 stores the water and fertilizer solution to provide nutrients and water for the wheat seedlings. The carrier plate 42 is fitted with a detachable cultivation cup 43 through the carrier hole 421, enabling independent cultivation of individual wheat seedlings and preventing root entanglement. The root development cavity 422 limits the root growth range to prevent disordered spread and facilitates accurate and complete retrieval of cultivated wheat seedlings during scientific research. The preservation medium 53 can specifically be plastic wrap. The highest point of the fixing rod 51 is at the same level as or slightly higher than the top surface of the detachable cultivation cup 43. The free end of the plastic wrap wraps around the top of the fixing rod 51 and covers the cultivation cup. The rotating rod 52 can roll up or release the plastic wrap. During implementation, first install the rotating component and fixing rod 51 on the inner wall of the rear side of the cultivation box 1, then place the water and fertilizer container 41 on the supporting structure 3, and place the supporting plate 42 above the water and fertilizer container 41. After soaking the wheat seeds, put them into the detachable cultivation cup 43, pull the free end of the plastic wrap around the top of the fixing rod 51 and cover the cultivation cup. After the wheat seedlings emerge, turn the rocker handle 56 to make the plastic wrap rewrap around the rotating rod 52. When the seedlings grow to the sampling conditions, take samples. When taking samples, open the box door 2 and take out a single detachable cultivation cup 43 directly.

[0039] The supporting structure 3 includes two identical and oppositely arranged supporting modules 31. Each supporting module 31 includes a main body plate 32. The upper and lower edges of the main body plate 32 extend inward toward the cultivation box 1, forming an upper supporting part 33 and a lower supporting part 34. One end face of the main body plate 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cultivation box 1. The bottom of the left and right ends of the supporting plate 42 is supported on the upper supporting parts 33 of the two supporting modules 31, and the bottom of the left and right ends of the water and fertilizer container 41 is supported on the lower supporting parts 34 of the two supporting modules 31, respectively. In this arrangement, the two oppositely arranged supporting modules 31 are fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation box 1 by the main body plate 32, forming a stable supporting structure 3. The upper supporting parts 33 and lower supporting parts 34 extending from the main body plate 32 provide layered support for the supporting plate 42 and the water and fertilizer container 41, respectively, so that the two are supported vertically. The arrangement should ensure the stability of the support plate 42 and the water and fertilizer container 41 after installation, while also allowing the roots of the cultivation cups on the support plate 42 to extend smoothly into the water and fertilizer container 41 below through the root development cavity 422 to absorb nutrients. In specific implementation, firstly, fix the two support modules 31 symmetrically at the corresponding height positions on the inner wall of the cultivation box 1, ensuring that the upper support part 33 and the lower support part 34 are on the same horizontal plane. Then, place the two ends of the water and fertilizer container 41 on the lower support part 34 of the two support modules 31. Finally, support the two ends of the support plate 42 on the upper support part 33 to complete the positioning and installation of the water and fertilizer cultivation component 4. This structure also facilitates the subsequent disassembly of the water and fertilizer container 41 and the support plate 42 for cleaning and maintenance. In addition, one end of the main plate 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cultivation box 1 by welding, or it can be a structure integrally formed with the cultivation box 1.

[0040] The rear edge of the upper support portion 33 extends towards the center of the cultivation box 1 to form a first limiting plate 35, and the rear edge of the main body plate 32 extends towards the center of the cultivation box 1 to form a second limiting plate 36. The first limiting plate 35 is used to abut against the rear end face of the root development cavity 422 located in the last row, and the second limiting plate 36 is used to abut against the rear end face of the water and fertilizer container 41. The purpose of this setting is that when the support plate 42 is placed on the upper support portion 33, the front end face of the first limiting plate 35 can fit tightly against the rear end face of the root development cavity 422 located in the last row below the support plate 42, thereby positioning the support plate 42 front and back. Similarly, when the water and fertilizer container 41 is placed on the lower support portion 34, the front end face of the second limiting plate 36 will fit against the rear end face of the water and fertilizer container 41. This double limiting design can effectively ensure the positional accuracy of the support plate 42 and the water and fertilizer container 41 when they are placed, prevent misalignment in the vertical direction, and ensure the scientific rationality and practicality of the installation of the water and fertilizer cultivation component 4.

[0041] The bearing hole 421 is stepped, and the lower part of the inner wall of the bearing hole 421 extends inward to form a ring step 4211. This setting is mainly used to cooperate with the detachable culture cup 43 for installation, to provide a horizontal support point for the culture cup, and to ensure that the culture cup can be stably embedded in the bearing hole 421 without falling into the water and fertilizer container 41 below.

[0042] The detachable cultivation cup 43 includes a cylindrical body 431. A chuck 432 extends outward from the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 431, and an annular seed tray 433 extends inward from the inner periphery of the middle section. The lower end face of the chuck 432 is supported on the upper end face of the annular step 4211, allowing the detachable cultivation cup 43 to fit into the bearing hole 421. In this configuration, the detachable cultivation cup 43 achieves horizontal positioning and support on the bearing tray 42 through the cooperation of the chuck 432 on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 431 and the annular step 4211 of the bearing hole 421, ensuring stable installation. The annular seed tray 433 on the inner periphery of the middle section is used to hold wheat seeds, confining them to the upper part of the cultivation cup. This prevents the seeds from slipping and facilitates root penetration downwards. This modular design allows the cultivation cup to be removed independently, facilitating subsequent scientific sampling. During installation, simply align the cultivation cup with the bearing hole 421 and press downwards; the chuck 432 will support the step, completing the installation. To remove, simply pull it upwards.

[0043] The detachable cultivation cup 43 has a seedling guide cavity 434 formed inside the cylindrical body 431 and above the upper surface of the annular seed tray 433, and a root guide cavity 435 formed inside the cylindrical body 431 and below the lower surface of the annular seed tray 433. In this configuration, the seedling guide cavity 434 is located above to accommodate the stems and leaves after the wheat seeds germinate, providing space for the seedlings to grow upwards, while the root guide cavity 435 is located below to guide the roots to grow vertically downwards. This partitioned design not only standardizes the growth pattern of the wheat seedlings and avoids the mixing of stems and leaves with roots, but also the independent space of the root guide cavity 435 effectively prevents the roots of different wheat seedlings from contacting and entangled with each other, ensuring the integrity of the root system of a single wheat seedling and providing structural protection for subsequent non-destructive sampling and transplanting.

[0044] The annular seed tray 433 is made of a flexible material, and the diameter of the central through-hole in the annular seed tray 433 is 1.5mm-2.5mm. Specifically, the flexible material can be a sponge. Its function is twofold: during the seedling stage, the sponge maintains stable humidity around the seeds, promoting water absorption and germination; its elasticity allows the central through-hole to expand moderately as roots pass through, avoiding damage to the delicate root tips. Additionally, during the sampling stage, when researchers need to remove the seedlings, they typically need to gently pull the roots from below the culture cup. The flexible material's through-hole edge will elastically deform under tension, allowing the roots to pass smoothly without the cutting or frictional resistance of rigid materials. This effectively prevents mechanical damage to the base of the seedling stem or the root system, ensuring the sample remains intact. The diameter of the central through-hole is set between 1.5mm and 2.5mm to ensure that seeds do not leak out of the hole while allowing germinated roots to smoothly pass through and enter the root guide cavity 435.

[0045] The rotating rod 52 extends outward at both ends to form tenons 521, and each tenon 521 has a first threaded hole 522. The rotating assembly also includes two bearings 54 fixedly mounted on the left and right inner walls of the cultivation box 1, respectively. Each bearing 54 has a connector 55 fixedly fitted inside it. The connector 55 is a cylindrical structure. The end face of the connector 55 away from the bearing 54 has a groove 551 that matches the tenon 521. The inner wall of the groove 551 has a corresponding second threaded hole 552. The tenon 521 is inserted into the groove 551 and fixedly connected to the connector 55 by bolts passing through the second threaded hole 552 and the first threaded hole 522 in sequence. One of the connectors 55 has an insert groove 553 on the end face away from the groove 551. A through-hole is fixedly connected in the insert groove 553. A crank 56 is attached to the wall of the container 1. In this configuration, the rotating assembly movably mounts the rotating rod 52 on the inner wall of the cultivation container 1 via a bearing 54 and a connector 55, ensuring that the rotating rod 52 rotates flexibly. The engagement of the latch 521 and the slot 551 achieves circumferential fixation of the rotating rod 52 and the connector 55, preventing slippage. Bolts pass through threaded holes to lock the two together, ensuring connection strength. The crank 56 passes through the container wall and connects to the connector 55. The operator can rotate the crank 56 from outside the container to drive the rotating rod 52 to rotate, thereby achieving the winding of the preservation medium 53. This external operation method allows researchers to adjust the internal environment of the container without opening the container door 2, reducing interference with the internal temperature and humidity. At the same time, the modular connection structure also facilitates the disassembly, replacement, cleaning, and maintenance of the rotating rod 52 and the preservation medium 53.

[0046] The inner top wall of the cultivation box 1 and the lower end face of the lower support part 34 of each support module 31 are provided with a pair of symmetrical inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces slope downward from the side wall of the cultivation box 1 towards the center of the box. Except for the support module 31 near the bottom inner wall of the cultivation box 1, the other inclined surfaces are covered with light lamps 6. In this setting, the angle of the inclined surfaces is used to concentrate the light towards the center of the support plate 42 below, which increases the coverage area and uniformity of the light and avoids the problem of insufficient light for the wheat seedlings in the middle or on both sides.

[0047] The lower part of the cultivation chamber 1 is equipped with a heating component 7, which includes a horizontal partition 71, a vertical partition 72, a ceramic heater 73, and a fan 74. The horizontal partition 71 is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the cultivation chamber 1 and is located below the lowest supporting module 31. The vertical partition 72 is vertically fixed to the front part of the lower end face of the horizontal partition 71. A rearwardly extending mounting groove 721 is opened in the middle of the front end face of the vertical partition 72, and the fan 74 is installed in the mounting groove 721. The ceramic heater 73 is fixed in the space enclosed by the horizontal partition 71, the vertical partition 72, and the inner wall of the cultivation chamber 1, and is located behind the fan 74. A gap is left between the rear edge of the horizontal partition 71 and the rear side wall of the cultivation chamber 1. This gap forms a hot air channel connecting the interior of the heating component 7 with the upper space of the cultivation box 1. In this configuration, the heating component 7 is located at the lower part of the cultivation box 1, and heat is generated by the ceramic heater 73. The fan 74 blows the heat to the rear. The hot air rises through the hot air channel formed by the gap between the rear edge of the horizontal partition 71 and the inner wall of the box, and enters the upper space of the cultivation box 1. This rear-mounted air duct design allows the hot air to rise naturally and diffuse evenly around each layer of cultivation components, achieving a uniform temperature distribution inside the box and avoiding local overheating or overcooling. Furthermore, the horizontal partition 71 and the vertical partition 72 isolate the heating element from the wheat seedling cultivation area, improving the safety and stability of the device.

[0048] The root development chambers 422 near the front end of the cultivation box 1 have openings at their front ends; the box door 2, the support plate 42, and the water and fertilizer container 41 are all made of transparent material; this design allows researchers to clearly observe the root development status without opening the box, using the front row of wheat seedlings as a reference sample, and by observing their root growth, it can be determined whether the wheat seedlings have completed the germination stage; after germination, the handle 56 can be operated directly outside the box to remove the preservation medium 53, allowing the wheat seedlings to smoothly transition from the germination stage to the seedling stage, without opening the box door 2 throughout the process, effectively maintaining the stability of the environment inside the box and improving cultivation efficiency; the box door 2 in this design can be transparent glass, and the support plate 42 and the water and fertilizer container 41 can be made of acrylic material.

[0049] The specific working principle is as follows:

[0050] After injecting an appropriate amount of water and fertilizer solution into the water and fertilizer container 41, place the water and fertilizer container 41 above the lower support part 34, so that the rear end face of the water and fertilizer container 41 abuts against the front end face of the second limiting plate 36; set up the support plate 42 above the water and fertilizer container 41, so that the bottom of the left and right ends of the support plate 42 is supported by the upper support part 33, and the rear end face of the last row of root development chambers 422 abuts against the front end face of the first limiting plate 35, ensuring that the support plate 42 and the water and fertilizer container 41 are precisely aligned vertically; then place the soaked wheat seeds on the annular seed tray 433 inside the detachable cultivation cup 43. The annular seed tray 433 is made of flexible sponge material, which can maintain stable humidity around the seeds and promote seed water absorption and germination. The through hole with a diameter of 1.5mm-2.5mm in the center can not only prevent the seeds from slipping, but also reserve a channel for subsequent root extension. At this time, the seedling guide cavity 434 above the annular seed tray 433 inside the detachable cultivation cup 43 reserves space for the growth of wheat seedling stems and leaves, while the root guide cavity 435 below guides the roots to grow vertically downwards, avoiding the entanglement of roots of different wheat seedlings; the operator pulls the preservation medium 53 (preservative film) wound on the rotating rod 52, so that its free end passes over the top of the fixing rod 51 and covers the top of all the detachable cultivation cups 43. The height design of the fixing rod 51 ensures that the preservation film can fit tightly against the top surface of the cultivation cup, forming a moist germination environment and reducing water loss and temperature fluctuations.

[0051] During the cultivation process, the growth environment inside the box is regulated by the light lamp 6 and the heating component 7.

[0052] After the wheat seedlings emerge, the operator can rotate the outer handle 56 to drive the rotating rod 52, rewinding the plastic wrap and allowing the seedlings to enter the seedling growth stage. This operation can be completed without opening the box door 2, avoiding sudden changes in temperature and humidity inside the box. At this time, the wheat seeds transition from the germination stage to the seedling stage. This design facilitates operation and ensures the stability of the cultivation environment. Since the box door 2, the support tray 42, and the water and fertilizer container 41 are all made of transparent material, and the front root development chamber 422 has an opening at the front end, researchers can observe the growth status of the wheat seedling stems and leaves and the root development in real time to determine whether the sampling conditions have been met. For single sampling, simply open the box door 2 and pull up the individual detachable cultivation cup 43 to remove the corresponding wheat seedling. During sampling, the flexible material of the annular seed tray 433 can elastically deform when the roots are pulled, allowing the through holes to expand appropriately, avoiding mechanical damage to the root tips and stem bases, and ensuring the integrity of the wheat seedling roots. The independent space design of the root guide cavity 435 further prevents the roots of different wheat seedlings from tangling, ensuring sampling accuracy and meeting the requirements of scientific research experiments for sample integrity. After sampling, the detachable cultivation cup 43 can be reinstalled back into the bearing hole 421, or the water and fertilizer container 41 and the bearing tray 42 can be disassembled for cleaning and maintenance, in order to carry out the next round of cultivation work.

Claims

1. A wheat cultivation device, comprising a cultivation box, wherein an openable and closable door is hinged to the front side of the cultivation box, characterized in that, The cultivation box contains vertically arranged support structures, each supporting a water and fertilizer cultivation component. A covering component is positioned behind each water and fertilizer cultivation component. Each water and fertilizer cultivation component includes a water and fertilizer container and a support tray. The support tray is horizontally positioned above the water and fertilizer container. The upper surface of the support tray has an array of support holes, and the lower surface of the support tray extends downwards from the periphery of each support hole to form a root development cavity corresponding to each hole. A detachable cultivation cup is fitted into each support hole. The covering component includes a fixing rod fixed to the inner rear wall of the cultivation box and a rotating component located directly below the fixing rod. The rotating component includes a rotating rod, and a preservative medium for covering the support tray is wound around the outer periphery of the rotating rod.

2. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting structure includes two identical and oppositely arranged supporting modules. Each supporting module contains a main plate. The upper and lower edges of the main plate extend into the inner side of the cultivation box to form an upper supporting part and a lower supporting part. One end face of the main plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cultivation box. The bottom of the left and right ends of the supporting plate is supported on the upper supporting parts of the two supporting modules, and the bottom of the left and right ends of the water and fertilizer container is supported on the lower supporting parts of the two supporting modules.

3. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing hole is stepped, with the lower part of the inner wall of the bearing hole extending inward to form a ring-shaped step.

4. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detachable culture cup includes a cylindrical body. The outer periphery of the cylindrical body extends outward to form a chuck, and the inner periphery of the middle body extends inward to form an annular seed tray. The lower end face of the chuck is supported on the upper end face of the annular step, so that the detachable culture cup can be fitted into the bearing hole.

5. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detachable cultivation cup-shaped main body has a seedling guide cavity above the upper surface of the annular seed tray, and the detachable cultivation cup-shaped main body has a root guide cavity below the lower surface of the annular seed tray.

6. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The annular seed tray is made of flexible material, and the diameter of the through hole in the center of the annular seed tray is 1.5mm-2.5mm.

7. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the rotating rod extend outward to form tenons, and the tenons have first threaded holes. The rotating assembly also includes two bearings that are fixedly installed on the left and right inner walls of the cultivation box. Each bearing has a connector fixedly fitted inside. The connector is a cylindrical structure. The end face of the connector away from the bearing has a groove that matches the tenon. The inner wall of the groove has a corresponding second threaded hole. The tenon is inserted into the groove and fixedly connected to the connector by bolts passing through the second threaded hole and the first threaded hole in sequence. One of the connectors has an insert groove on the end face away from the groove. A crank handle that passes through the wall of the cultivation box is fitted and fixedly connected in the insert groove.

8. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top inner wall of the cultivation box and the lower end face of the lower support part of each support module are provided with a pair of symmetrical inclined surfaces, which slope downward from the side wall of the cultivation box towards the center of the box; except for the support module near the bottom inner wall of the cultivation box, the other inclined surfaces are covered with light lamps.

9. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower part of the incubation chamber is equipped with a heating component, which includes a horizontal partition, a vertical partition, a ceramic heater, and a fan. The horizontal partition is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the incubation chamber and is located below the lowest supporting module. The vertical partition is vertically fixed to the front part of the lower end face of the horizontal partition. A rearwardly extending mounting groove is opened in the middle of the front end face of the vertical partition, and the fan is installed in the mounting groove. The ceramic heater is fixed in the space enclosed by the horizontal partition, the vertical partition, and the inner wall of the incubation chamber, and is located behind the fan. A gap is left between the rear edge of the horizontal partition and the rear side wall of the incubation chamber, which forms a hot air channel connecting the interior of the heating component and the upper space of the incubation chamber.

10. The wheat cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An opening is provided at the front end of a row of root development chambers near the front of the cultivation box; the box door, support plate, and water and fertilizer container are all made of transparent material.

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