Adjustable inner taper hole grinding machine device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable inner taper hole grinding machine device which comprises a grinding machine base, a linear guide rail, a grinding spindle, an air cylinder and a matched driving system, the grinding machine base is connected with a lathe X-axis sliding plate through an arc kidney-shaped hole, can rotate by + / -15 degrees around the X-axis sliding plate and is positioned through a dial, and coplanar adjustment of the axis of a grinding wheel and the axis of a workpiece inner taper hole is achieved; a linear guide rail is installed parallel to a Z axis of a lathe, a grinding spindle slides on the guide rail and is driven by symmetrical air cylinders on the two sides to reciprocate, and full-automatic grinding of a grinding wheel along a generatrix of an inner taper hole is achieved by combining composite feeding of an X / Z axis sliding plate controlled by a servo motor. The grinding wheel is connected through a taper-replaceable flange, the matching error is smaller than or equal to 0.01 mm, and the repeated positioning precision of the linear guide rail is + / -0.005 mm. The device solves the problems of low secondary clamping efficiency and difficulty in taper adaptation in the traditional process, remarkably improves the machining precision and efficiency, and is suitable for batch machining of high-precision inner taper holes in the fields of aviation, molds and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, specifically relating to an adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device. Background Technology

[0002] When machining the inner holes of a workpiece on a traditional lathe, if a high surface finish is required, the workpiece usually needs to be disassembled and transferred to a grinding machine for secondary grinding after turning. This process is cumbersome and inefficient. Therefore, there is an urgent need for equipment that can directly perform inner hole grinding on a lathe to improve machining efficiency and surface finish. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device, comprising:

[0005] The grinding machine base is fixedly mounted on the X-axis slide of the lathe. The grinding machine base has an arc-shaped waist hole and is connected to the X-axis slide by bolts, so that the grinding machine base can be rotated around the X-axis slide to adjust the angle.

[0006] The linear guide is fixed on the base of the grinding machine, and its sliding direction is parallel to the Z-axis of the lathe;

[0007] The grinding spindle is slidably mounted on a linear guide rail, with one end connected to the grinding wheel and the other end connected to the output shaft of the motor via a belt;

[0008] The cylinder has its body fixed on the base of the grinding machine, and its piston rod is connected to the grinding spindle. It is used to drive the grinding spindle to reciprocate along the linear guide rail.

[0009] The X-axis slide is mounted on the Z-axis slide of the lathe and is driven by a servo motor to achieve compound feed motion of the X-axis and Z-axis.

[0010] The axis of the grinding wheel is coplanar with the axis of the inner tapered hole of the workpiece. By adjusting the rotation angle of the grinding machine base, the machining requirements of inner holes with different tapers can be matched.

[0011] Preferably, the cylinder is installed between two linear guide rails and connected to the grinding spindle via a floating joint to ensure uniform thrust.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped waist hole of the grinding machine base is an arc-shaped through hole with a radius R=200mm, the angle adjustment range is ±15°, and the angle positioning is assisted by a dial.

[0013] Preferably, the grinding wheel adopts a taper hole positioning replaceable structure, and is connected to the grinding spindle through a flange. The matching error between the taper of the grinding wheel and the inner taper hole of the workpiece is ≤0.01mm.

[0014] Preferably, the linear guide is a high-precision roller guide with a repeatability of ±0.005mm, a stroke length of 100mm, and a maximum feed speed of 10m / min.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. By directly mounting the grinding device on the X-axis slide of the lathe and linking it with the original X / Z-axis composite feed motion of the lathe, the turning and grinding processes can be completed without disassembling the workpiece, saving more than 50% of the clamping time; by driving the composite motion of the X / Z-axis slide with a servo motor and combining it with the linear reciprocating feed of the grinding spindle driven by a cylinder, fully automatic precision grinding is achieved, reducing manual intervention.

[0017] 2. Employing high-precision roller guides with a repeatability of ±0.005mm, and designed with the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece's inner tapered hole axis coplanar, ensures the grinding trajectory perfectly coincides with the theoretical axis of the tapered hole, eliminating machining skew errors. A replaceable grinding wheel flange structure allows for quick replacement of grinding wheels with different tapers, achieving precise matching between the grinding wheel and the workpiece's inner tapered hole, with a surface roughness of Ra below 0.4μm.

[0018] 3. The grinding machine base adopts an arc-shaped waist hole design with a radius of R=200mm, providing an angle adjustment range of ±15°. With the help of the dial for positioning, it can quickly adapt to different taper inner holes (such as Morse taper, metric taper, etc.).

[0019] 4. The core components such as the grinding machine base, linear guide rail, and grinding spindle are modularly assembled, supporting quick disassembly and maintenance; the grinding machine base is rigidly connected to the lathe slide, and combined with the load-bearing capacity of the high-precision guide rail (maximum feed speed 20m / min), it can stably complete large stroke (300mm) grinding processing, suitable for long tapered holes or deep hole workpieces.

[0020] 5. No need to purchase a special grinding machine; high-precision internal tapered hole machining can be completed directly on a lathe, saving about 60% of equipment purchase costs; through precise grinding wheel taper matching and uniform thrust control, abnormal wear of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the grinding wheel replacement frequency is reduced by 40%. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of section A of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-grinding wheel, 2-grinding machine base, 3-cylinder, 4-linear guide, 5-grinding spindle, 6-motor, 7-Z-axis slide, 8-X-axis slide, 9-lathe bed, 10-chuck. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] like Figures 1-2 This invention illustrates a specific embodiment of an adjustable internal taper hole grinding machine: it includes a grinding wheel 1, a grinding machine base 2, a cylinder 3, a linear guide rail 4, a grinding spindle 5, a motor 6, a Z-axis slide plate 7, an X-axis slide plate 8, a lathe bed 9, and a chuck 10. The grinding machine base 2 is fixedly mounted on the X-axis slide plate 8, and the Z-axis slide plate 7 is mounted on the lathe bed 9. The X-axis slide plate 8 can move along the X direction on the Z-axis slide plate 7. The linear guide rail 4 is fixed on the grinding machine base 2, and the grinding spindle 5 is connected to the grinding machine base 2 through the linear guide rail 4. The motor 6 is mounted on the grinding spindle 5, driving it to rotate. The grinding wheel 1 is mounted at the end of the grinding spindle 5. The cylinder 3 is mounted on the grinding machine base 2, driving the grinding spindle 5 to move linearly along the linear guide rail 4. The grinding machine base 2 has an arc-shaped waist hole, allowing the grinding machine to rotate at a certain angle on the X-axis slide plate 8 to adapt to the grinding requirements of internal holes with different tapers.

[0026] During the processing, the workpiece is clamped on the chuck 10. The grinding machine adjusts the relative position of the grinding wheel 1 and the inner hole of the workpiece by moving the X-axis slide plate 8 and the Z-axis slide plate 7. Then, the motor 6 is started to drive the grinding wheel 1 to rotate. At the same time, the cylinder 3 is started to push the grinding spindle 5 to move linearly on the linear guide rail 4 to grind the inner hole of the workpiece. By adjusting the rotation angle of the grinding machine base 2, grinding processing of inner holes with different tapers can be achieved.

[0027] Basic installation

[0028] Lathe integration: The grinding machine base 2 is fixed to the X-axis slide plate 8 of the lathe by bolts. The X-axis slide plate 8 is installed on the Z-axis slide plate 7 of the lathe, forming a linkage feed system of X-axis and Z-axis, which is driven by a servo motor to realize compound motion;

[0029] Base angle adjustment: The grinding machine base 2 is provided with an arc-shaped waist hole with a radius of R=200mm. By loosening the bolt, it can rotate ±15° around the X-axis slide plate 8, and the angle is positioned by the dial to ensure that the axis of the grinding wheel 1 is coplanar with the axis of the inner conical hole of the workpiece.

[0030] Motion component installation

[0031] Linear guide 4: High-precision roller guide (repeat positioning accuracy ±0.005mm, stroke 100mm), fixed on the grinding machine base 2, with the sliding direction parallel to the lathe Z-axis.

[0032] Grinding spindle 5: Slidingly mounted on linear guide rail 4, one end is connected to grinding wheel 1 via flange, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of variable frequency speed control motor 6 (rated power 1.5kW, maximum speed 10000r / min) via coupling.

[0033] Cylinder 3: The cylinder is installed between two linear guide rails 4. The cylinder body is fixed on the grinding machine base 2. The piston rod is connected to the grinding spindle 5 through a floating joint, providing uniform thrust to drive the grinding spindle to reciprocate along the guide rail (maximum feed speed 20m / min).

[0034] The grinding wheel 1 adopts a replaceable taper hole structure and is quickly connected to the grinding spindle 5 through the taper shank. The matching error between the taper of the grinding wheel and the taper hole inside the workpiece is ≤0.01mm.

[0035] Processing operation procedure

[0036] Workpiece clamping and initial positioning: Clamp the workpiece on the lathe chuck 10, turn the inner tapered hole to the semi-finished size, and retain the grinding allowance (0.02-0.05mm on one side); through the combined movement of the lathe's X-axis and Z-axis slides, move the grinding wheel 1 to the inlet position of the inner tapered hole of the workpiece, ensuring that the axis of the grinding wheel is coplanar with the axis of the tapered hole of the workpiece;

[0037] Angle adjustment and grinding wheel matching: According to the theoretical taper of the inner taper hole of the workpiece (such as Morse taper No. 4), select the grinding wheel 1 with the corresponding taper and install it to the grinding spindle 5 through the taper shank; loosen the fixing bolts of the grinding machine base 2, rotate the base to the predetermined angle indicated by the dial (such as 5°), and tighten the bolts to complete the angle positioning.

[0038] Grinding parameters are set as follows: Based on the grinding wheel diameter (e.g., Φ50mm) and the required linear speed (25m / s), the speed of the variable frequency speed control motor 6 is set to 9550r / min; the reciprocating stroke of the cylinder 3 is set to 50mm and the frequency to 10 times / minute, driving the grinding spindle 5 to perform axial feed; through CNC system programming, the X-axis slide plate 8 and the Z-axis slide plate 7 are controlled to move synchronously at a feed rate of 0.1mm / r, so as to realize the grinding wheel grinding along the trajectory of the tapered hole generatrix.

[0039] Grinding process execution: Start motor 6 drives grinding wheel 1 to rotate at high speed, and at the same time start cylinder 3 to push grinding spindle 5 to reciprocate along linear guide rail 4; servo system controls X / Z axis slide linkage to make grinding wheel 1 feed at a constant speed along the generatrix of the inner tapered hole of the workpiece, and complete fully automatic grinding (surface roughness Ra≤0.4μm).

[0040] Processing quality inspection: Use a pneumatic gauge or optical projector to check the taper error (≤0.01mm) and surface roughness of the inner conical hole. If the error exceeds the tolerance, the grinding machine base angle 2 or the grinding wheel taper can be finely adjusted and then re-grinded.

[0041] Key operational precautions

[0042] Grinding wheel dynamic balancing calibration: After replacing the grinding wheel, a dynamic balancing test must be performed to ensure that the eccentricity is ≤0.005mm.

[0043] Guide rail lubrication and maintenance: Regularly inject lithium-based grease into the linear guide rail to reduce friction and extend its service life.

[0044] The applicant further declares that while the above embodiments illustrate the implementation method and apparatus structure of this utility model, this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, meaning that this utility model must rely on the above methods and structures to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to this utility model, equivalent substitutions for the selected implementation methods, additions of steps, and selection of specific methods all fall within the protection and disclosure scope of this utility model.

[0045] This utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All methods that use similar structures and methods to achieve the purpose of this utility model are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device, characterized in that, include: The grinding machine base (2) is fixedly installed on the X-axis slide plate (8) of the lathe. The grinding machine base (2) is provided with an arc-shaped waist hole and is connected to the X-axis slide plate (8) by bolts, so that the grinding machine base (2) can rotate around the X-axis slide plate (8) to adjust the angle. Linear guide rail (4) is fixed on the base (2) of the grinding machine, and its sliding direction is parallel to the Z-axis of the lathe; The grinding spindle (5) is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail (4), with one end connected to the grinding wheel (1) and the other end connected to the output shaft of the motor (6) via a belt; The cylinder (3) has its body fixed on the base (2) of the grinding machine. The piston rod is connected to the grinding spindle (5) and is used to drive the grinding spindle to reciprocate along the linear guide rail (4). The X-axis slide (8) is mounted on the Z-axis slide (7) of the lathe and is driven by a servo motor to realize the composite feed motion of the X-axis and Z-axis. The axis of the grinding wheel (1) is coplanar with the axis of the inner conical hole of the workpiece. By adjusting the rotation angle of the grinding machine base (2), the machining requirements of inner holes with different tapers can be matched.

2. The adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (3) is installed between two linear guide rails (4) and connected to the grinding spindle (5) through a floating joint to ensure uniform thrust.

3. The adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped waist hole of the grinding machine base (2) is an arc-shaped through hole with a radius of R=200mm. The angle adjustment range is ±15°, and the angle is positioned by means of a dial.

4. The adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheel (1) adopts a taper hole positioning interchangeable structure and is connected to the grinding spindle (5) through a flange. The matching error between the taper of the grinding wheel and the inner taper hole of the workpiece is ≤0.01mm.

5. The adjustable internal conical hole grinding machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear guide (4) is a high-precision roller guide with a repeatability of ±0.005mm, a stroke length of 100mm, and a maximum feed speed of 10m / min.

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