Steering axle shaft head structure
By incorporating bearings and steering knuckles into the steering axle head structure, the problems of severe wear on forklift axles and small steering angles have been solved, resulting in a smaller steering radius and more flexible vehicle handling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing forklifts suffer from severe axle wear due to their large handling capacity, making maintenance difficult. Additionally, their steering angle is too small, resulting in poor vehicle turning maneuverability.
A steering axle head structure is designed, including a support frame, a first steering shaft, a steering knuckle, and a first support shaft. By setting a first bearing between the steering knuckle and the support frame, friction is reduced, and a first support shaft is set on the steering knuckle to achieve a larger steering angle.
It reduces steering resistance, extends service life, and improves vehicle steering flexibility and maneuverability in confined spaces.
Smart Images
Figure CN224090275U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of engineering machinery steering technology, and specifically refers to a steering axle head structure. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, side-dump forklifts are widely used in loading, unloading, and short-distance transfer of large items, especially pipe materials, in material yards, docks, and building material yards. In recent years, there has been a clear trend towards larger and more electric forklifts, especially those with larger tonnage, which have become indispensable tools in important transportation locations such as material yards and docks.
[0003] In the existing technology, due to the large tonnage of forklifts, the axles of the forklifts will wear out severely. At the same time, it will also make it difficult for maintenance personnel to perform maintenance and replacement. In addition, the steering angle of existing forklifts is relatively small, and the vehicle needs a larger turning radius, which reduces the vehicle's turning flexibility. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model provides a steering axle head structure, which solves the problem of severe wear and tear on the axle during vehicle steering, making it difficult to replace and maintain, while also enabling the vehicle to turn at a large angle and ensuring vehicle agility.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A steering axle head structure, comprising:
[0007] Support frame;
[0008] The first steering shaft is rotatably mounted on the support frame;
[0009] A steering knuckle is mounted on the first steering shaft, and the steering knuckle can rotate synchronously with the first steering shaft. The steering knuckle is provided with a first mounting position.
[0010] The first support shaft is detachably mounted on the first mounting position of the steering knuckle, and the first support shaft can rotate synchronously with the steering knuckle.
[0011] A first bearing is provided between the steering knuckle and the support frame. The first bearing is movably sleeved on the first steering shaft. The first bearing includes an inner abutting ring and a snap-fit outer ring. The snap-fit outer ring is fixedly disposed on the steering knuckle, and the inner abutting ring abuts against the support frame.
[0012] In some embodiments, a bearing spacer is also included, one side of which abuts against the support frame, and the other side of which abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing.
[0013] In some embodiments, a sealing ring is provided between the bearing spacer and the steering knuckle, the sealing ring sealing the first bearing.
[0014] In some embodiments, the system further includes a first spacer and a first sealing plate. The first spacer is disposed on the support frame, and the first steering shaft passes through the first spacer and is rotatable relative to the first spacer. The first sealing plate is detachably disposed on the support frame, and both ends of the first steering shaft abut against the first sealing plate.
[0015] In some embodiments, the first sealing plate is provided with an oil injection nozzle, and the first steering shaft is provided with a first oil injection channel communicating with the oil injection nozzle and a plurality of oil injection holes. The plurality of oil injection holes are communicating with the first oil injection channel, and the positions of the plurality of oil injection holes correspond to the positions of the first spacer and the first bearing, respectively.
[0016] In some embodiments, a hub is also included, which is placed on the first support shaft. A second bearing is provided between the hub and the first support shaft. The hub is rotatably mounted on the first support shaft via the second bearing. A brake disc is provided on the hub, and the brake disc is connected to the hub via a spline.
[0017] In some embodiments, the brake disc can reciprocate relative to the hub in the axial direction of the first support shaft, the hub is provided with a first retaining ring, and the brake disc can abut against the first retaining ring.
[0018] In some embodiments, a first locking nut is also included, the first support shaft is provided with a first external thread, the first locking nut is detachably disposed on the first support shaft through the first external thread, and the first locking nut abuts against the second bearing.
[0019] In some embodiments, the system further includes a locking ring sleeved on the first steering shaft and a first locking bolt passing through the locking ring. The locking ring has a first fixing hole and a first locking tongue. The first locking nut has a first threaded hole corresponding to the position of the first fixing hole. One end of the first locking bolt passes through the first fixing hole and is locked and fixed to the first threaded hole. The first support shaft has a first locking groove corresponding to the position of the first locking tongue. The first locking tongue can be engaged in the first locking groove.
[0020] In some embodiments, the assembly also includes a shaft end cap, an oil seal seat, and an oil seal. The shaft end cap is detachably mounted on the hub, the oil seal seat is sleeved on the first support shaft and abuts against the second bearing, and the oil seal is mounted on the oil seal seat and abuts against the hub.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0022] This application achieves this by installing a first steering shaft on a support frame, a steering knuckle on the first steering shaft, and a first bearing between the steering knuckle and the support frame. The inner ring of the first bearing abuts against the support frame, and the outer ring of the first bearing engages with the steering knuckle. This prevents friction between the steering knuckle and the support frame during rotation, reducing steering resistance and extending its service life. Furthermore, by installing a steering knuckle, the first support shaft mounted on the steering knuckle can rotate at a larger angle relative to the support frame, thereby enabling the wheel hub mounted on the first support shaft to rotate at a larger angle. This makes the vehicle more agile, reduces the turning radius, and facilitates cargo handling in confined spaces.
[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a steering axle head structure according to the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;
[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point C;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the locking ring structure of a steering axle head structure according to the present invention;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the steering knuckle of a steering axle head structure according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments, unless otherwise stated, the terms "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the present application must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a steering axle head structure, which includes a support frame 100, a first steering shaft 101, a steering knuckle 102, and a first support shaft 103. Specifically, the support frame 100 is integrally formed with the vehicle frame. Two mounting holes are provided on the support frame 100, and both ends of the first steering shaft 101 are installed in the mounting holes, allowing the first steering shaft 101 to rotate relative to the support frame 100. The steering knuckle 102 is disposed on the first steering shaft 101 and can rotate synchronously with the first steering shaft 101. A first mounting position is provided on the steering knuckle 102 for mounting the first support shaft 103. In this embodiment, to ensure synchronous movement of the first steering shaft 101 and the steering knuckle 102, the steering knuckle 102 is locked and fixed to the first steering shaft 101 by a first screw 1024. Simultaneously, by providing the first screw 1024, the steering knuckle 102 can also ensure that the first steering shaft 101 rotates relative to the first steering shaft 101 as follows: Figure 1 The steering knuckle 102 is limited and fixed in the vertical direction to prevent axial movement of the steering knuckle 102 relative to the first steering shaft 101. The first support shaft 103 is detachably mounted on the first mounting position of the steering knuckle 102, and the first support shaft 103 can rotate synchronously with the steering knuckle 102. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, a first mounting hole 1023 is provided on the steering knuckle 102, and the first support shaft 103 is fixed to the steering knuckle 102 through the first mounting hole 1023 using bolts and nuts; a first through hole 1022 is provided on the steering knuckle 102, and the steering knuckle 102 is sleeved on the first steering shaft 101 through the first through hole 1022. In this embodiment, the axial direction of the first support shaft 103 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first steering shaft 102. Figure 6 As shown, a power arm 1021 is provided on the steering knuckle 102 to connect with the power mechanism, thereby driving the steering knuckle 102 to rotate relative to the support frame 100.
[0032] Furthermore, in order to reduce wear between the steering knuckle 102 and the support frame 100 and extend their service life, a first bearing 1015 is provided between the steering knuckle 102 and the support frame 100, such as... Figure 2As shown, the first bearing 1015 is movably sleeved on the first steering shaft 101. The first bearing 1015 includes an inner ring 10152 for abutting and an outer ring 10151 for snapping. The inner ring 10152 of the first bearing 1015 rigidly abuts against the support frame 100, and the outer ring 10151 of the first bearing 1015 is snapped and fixed to the steering knuckle 102. Since the two need to rotate frequently relative to each other to achieve steering adjustment, this avoids contact between the support frame 100 and the steering knuckle 102, avoids rigid friction between the steering knuckle 102 and the support frame 100 during rotation, reduces wear between the two, and extends their service life. In this embodiment, the first bearing 1015 is a hemispherical bearing structure, with the inner ring of the hemispherical bearing structure opening upwards and abutting against the support frame 100.
[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a bearing spacer 1016 is provided between the support frame 100 and the first bearing 1015. One side of the bearing spacer 1016 contacts the support frame 100, and the other side of the bearing spacer 1016 abuts against the inner ring 10152 of the first bearing 1015. In this embodiment, the bearing spacer 1046 has a certain thickness to separate the first bearing 1015 and the support frame 100. At the same time, the outer diameter of the bearing spacer 1016 is not greater than the outer diameter of the inner ring 10152 of the first bearing 1015, thereby avoiding the outer diameter of the bearing spacer 1016 being too large and contacting the outer ring 10151 of the first bearing 1015, and reducing the relative rotational frictional resistance between the steering knuckle 102 and the support frame 100.
[0034] Furthermore, to ensure the service life of the first bearing 1015, a sealing ring 1017 is also provided. The sealing ring 1017 is used to seal the first bearing 1015, preventing dust and other impurities from entering the first bearing 1015 and affecting its service life. Specifically, the sealing ring 1017 is sleeved on the bearing spacer 1016, and the sealing ring 1017 abuts against the steering knuckle 102. The sealing ring 1017, together with the bearing spacer 1016 and the steering knuckle 102, forms a sealed space, thereby achieving the sealing of the first bearing 1015.
[0035] In one embodiment, to fix the position of the first steering shaft 101 and facilitate its disassembly and installation, a removable first sealing plate 1011 is provided on the support frame 100. Specifically, the first sealing plate 1011 is fixed to the support frame 100 by screws. There are two first sealing plates 1011, respectively located at both ends of the first steering shaft 101. The two ends of the first steering shaft 101 abut against the first sealing plate 1011, thereby ensuring that the first steering shaft 101 does not move axially relative to the support frame 100. Furthermore, to reduce wear between the first steering shaft 101 and the support frame 100, a first spacer 1018 is provided on the support frame 100. The two ends of the first steering shaft 101 are respectively fitted onto the two first spacers 1018. The first spacers 1018 can reduce the frictional resistance between the first steering shaft 101 and the support frame 100, reduce wear between the first steering shaft 101 and the support frame 100, and also make the steering structure more flexible.
[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to facilitate lubrication of the first bearing 1015 and the first bushing 1018, an oil injection nozzle 1012 is provided on the first sealing plate 1011, and a first oil injection channel 1013 and multiple oil injection holes 1014 are provided on the first steering shaft 101. The first oil injection channel 1013 and the oil injection nozzle 1012 are connected, and the multiple oil injection holes 1014 are respectively located at the first bearing 1015 and the first bushing 1018. By injecting oil into the oil injection nozzle 1012, the lubricating oil is then transmitted to the corresponding two first bushings 1018 and the first bearing 1015 through the first oil injection channel 1013, thereby achieving lubrication of the first bearing 1015 and the first bushing 1018. In this embodiment, there are two oil injection nozzles 1012, respectively disposed on the two first sealing plates 1011. There are also two first oil injection channels 1013, respectively connecting the two oil injection nozzles 1012. There can be multiple oil injection holes 1014, such as two, three, or four, to improve oil injection efficiency and uniformity. Optionally, there can be only one oil injection nozzle 1012. In this case, the first oil injection channel 1013 needs to be of a certain length to allow lubricating oil to flow from the oil injection nozzle 1012 to the two first spacers 1018 and the first bearing 1015 respectively.
[0037] In one embodiment, a hub rotatably mounted on a first support shaft 103 is also included. The hub 1031 is rotatably mounted on the first support shaft 1013 via a second bearing 1035. In this embodiment, there are two sets of second bearings 1035, respectively located near both sides of the hub 1031. A brake disc 1032 is mounted on the hub 1031. The brake disc 1032 and the hub 1031 are connected by a spline connection. Spline connection is a common connection method in mechanical structures and will not be described in detail here. By using a spline connection, the brake disc 1032 can reciprocate relative to the hub 1031 in the axial direction of the first support shaft 103, thereby achieving perfect contact between the brake disc 1032 and the friction pads on the brake caliper bracket 1036 fixed on the first support shaft 103, improving the braking effect. At the same time, the spline connection also enables better power transmission, allowing the friction force transmitted by the brake caliper bracket to be transmitted to the hub through the brake disc 1032.
[0038] Furthermore, to prevent excessive movement of the brake disc 1032, a first retaining ring 1033 is provided on the first support shaft 103. The first retaining ring 1033 is fixedly engaged with the wheel hub 1031, and its position relative to the wheel hub 1031 is fixed in the axial direction of the first support shaft 103. When the brake disc 1032 approaches the brake caliper bracket 1036, the brake disc 1032 can abut against the first retaining ring 1033, thereby preventing the brake disc 1032 from disengaging from the spline structure.
[0039] In one embodiment, to limit the second bearing 1035 and prevent it from dislodging from the outside of the first support shaft 103, the outside is... Figure 1 To the left of the indicated direction, a first external thread is provided on the first support shaft 103, as shown. Figure 1 On the left side of the first support shaft 103 shown, a first locking nut 1038 is provided on the first external thread to achieve the contact and limiting of the second bearing 1035.
[0040] Furthermore, since the vehicle will vibrate during operation, to prevent the first locking nut 1038 from loosening, a locking ring 1039 is also fitted on the first support shaft 103, and the locking ring 1039 is locked by the first locking bolt 1040. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the locking ring 1039 has a first fixing hole 10392 and a first lock tongue 10391, and the first locking nut 1038 has a first threaded hole 10381. The first threaded hole 10381 corresponds to the first fixing hole 10392. One end of the first locking bolt 1040 passes through the first fixing hole 10392 and is rotated and locked in place with the first threaded hole 10381, thereby pressing the locking ring 1039 tightly against the first locking nut 1038 and further fixing the first locking bolt 1040. Further, as... Figure 5 As shown, a first locking tongue 10391 protrudes relatively from the locking ring 1039, and a corresponding first locking groove is provided on the first support shaft 103. The size and shape of the first locking groove are adapted to the first locking tongue 10391. The first locking tongue 10391 is engaged in the first locking groove, thereby preventing the locking ring 1039 from rotating relative to the first support shaft 103 and preventing the locking ring 1039 from rotating with the first locking nut 1038. In this embodiment, the number of first locking tongues 10391 is not limited and can match the number of first locking grooves, and can be one, two, or other numbers. The number of first locking bolts 1040 is also not limited by this utility model and can be one, two, or other numbers, as long as it matches the number of first fixing holes 10392 and first threaded holes 10381.
[0041] Furthermore, a second baffle 10311 is provided inside the wheel hub 1031. The second baffle 10311 is snapped onto the wheel hub 1031. The second baffle 10311 is mainly used to abut and limit the second bearing 1035 located inside the wheel hub 1031 near the steering knuckle 102.
[0042] In one embodiment, to ensure that the second bearing 1035 is in a sealed environment, a shaft end cap 1034, an oil seal seat 1037, and an oil seal 10371 are also included. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the axle head cover 1034 is detachably mounted on the wheel hub 1031 and is detachably connected by bolts. The oil seal seat 1037 is sleeved on the first support shaft 103 and fixed in position relative to the first support shaft 103. The oil seal seat 1037 abuts against the second bearing 1035 near the steering knuckle 102. The oil seal 10371 is mounted on the oil seal seat 1037 and abuts against the wheel hub 1031. The axle head cover 1034, wheel hub 1031, oil seal seat 1037, and oil seal 10371 form a sealed space, thereby ensuring that the second bearing 1035 does not come into contact with the outside world during operation, preventing dust or other impurities from entering the second bearing 1035 and ensuring the service life of the second bearing 1035.
[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model. These improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A steering axle head structure, characterized in that, include: Support frame; The first steering shaft is rotatably mounted on the support frame; A steering knuckle is mounted on the first steering shaft, and the steering knuckle can rotate synchronously with the first steering shaft. The steering knuckle is provided with a first mounting position. The first support shaft is detachably mounted on the first mounting position of the steering knuckle, and the first support shaft can rotate synchronously with the steering knuckle. A first bearing is provided between the steering knuckle and the support frame. The first bearing is movably sleeved on the first steering shaft. The first bearing includes an inner abutting ring and a snap-fit outer ring. The snap-fit outer ring is fixedly disposed on the steering knuckle, and the inner abutting ring abuts against the support frame.
2. The steering axle head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bearing spacer, one side of which abuts against the support frame, and the other side of which abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing.
3. The steering axle head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the bearing spacer and the steering knuckle, and the sealing ring seals the first bearing.
4. The steering axle head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first spacer and a first sealing plate. The first spacer is disposed on the support frame, and the first steering shaft passes through the first spacer and can rotate relative to the first spacer. The first sealing plate is detachably disposed on the support frame, and the two ends of the first steering shaft abut against the first sealing plate respectively.
5. A steering axle head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sealing plate is provided with an oil injection nozzle, and the first steering shaft is provided with a first oil injection channel and multiple oil injection holes that communicate with the oil injection nozzle. The multiple oil injection holes communicate with the first oil injection channel, and the positions of the multiple oil injection holes correspond to the positions of the first spacer and the first bearing, respectively.
6. A steering axle head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hub placed on the first support shaft, a second bearing is provided between the hub and the first support shaft, the hub is rotatably mounted on the first support shaft through the second bearing, a brake disc is provided on the hub, and the brake disc is connected to the hub through a spline.
7. A steering axle head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The brake disc can reciprocate relative to the wheel hub in the axial direction of the first support shaft. The wheel hub is provided with a first retaining ring, and the brake disc can abut against the first retaining ring.
8. A steering axle head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first locking nut, the first support shaft is provided with a first external thread, the first locking nut is detachably mounted on the first support shaft through the first external thread, and the first locking nut abuts against the second bearing.
9. A steering axle head structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a locking ring sleeved on the first steering shaft and a first locking bolt passing through the locking ring. The locking ring is provided with a first fixing hole and a first locking tongue. The first locking nut is provided with a first threaded hole corresponding to the position of the first fixing hole. One end of the first locking bolt passes through the first fixing hole and is locked and fixed with the first threaded hole. The first support shaft is provided with a first locking groove corresponding to the position of the first locking tongue. The first locking tongue can be engaged in the first locking groove.
10. A steering axle head structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a shaft end cap, an oil seal seat, and an oil seal. The shaft end cap is detachably mounted on the hub. The oil seal seat is sleeved on the first support shaft and abuts against the second bearing. The oil seal is mounted on the oil seal seat and abuts against the hub.