Semi-automatic non-road crankshaft polishing machine

Abstract

The semi-automatic non-road crankshaft polishing machine comprises a machine body, and a first guide rail and a second guide rail are arranged on the machine body in parallel. A tailstock moving seat is arranged at one end of the first guide rail, a tailstock is fixed on the tailstock moving seat, and a fixed headstock is arranged at the other end of the first guide rail; a driving device is mounted above the fixed headstock and comprises a rotating motor and a speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with a driving plate through a speed reducer gear, and a driving lever is arranged on the surface of the driving plate; the crankshaft polishing machine has the advantages that the crankshaft polishing machine can adapt to crankshafts of different sizes and can machine all positions of the crankshafts, the whole machine is arranged in a full-time and integrated mode, the structure is simple, centering performance is good, and damage of polishing dust to workers can be reduced due to the fact that the dust suction device is arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing and processing, specifically a polishing device for large precision parts. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is one of the most important components of an engine. Its function is to absorb the gas pressure transmitted from the piston and connecting rod assembly, convert it into torque, and output it externally. In addition, the crankshaft drives the engine's valve train and other auxiliary devices (such as the generator, fan, water pump, power steering pump, balance shaft mechanism, etc.). During operation, the crankshaft must withstand periodically changing gas pressure, reciprocating inertial and centrifugal forces, as well as the torque and bending moment generated by these forces at high speeds. It is prone to bending and torsional deformation; therefore, the crankshaft must possess sufficient strength and rigidity, good wear resistance, and good balance. Crankshafts are generally forged from medium-carbon alloy steel, and the journal surface is treated with high-frequency quenching or nitriding. The ground crankshaft journal surface contains vibration marks, which cannot meet the required dimensional and positional tolerances. Polishing must be used to remove these marks to satisfy the crankshaft's dimensional and positional tolerance requirements.

[0003] Crankshaft polishing machines are essential pieces of machinery in crankshaft machining. They polish the outer surface of the crankshaft to improve its surface roughness while meeting its dimensional and positional tolerance requirements. Most existing polishing machines are designed for automotive engine crankshafts. However, there is a lack of suitable polishing machines for non-automotive crankshafts (over 2 meters). Older non-automotive crankshaft polishing machines relied on manual adjustment. When changing crankshaft types, workers had to manually drag and adjust their positions. This polishing method was time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model discloses a semi-automatic crankshaft polishing machine for non-road applications.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A semi-automatic non-road crankshaft polishing machine includes a bed with a first guide rail and a second guide rail arranged in parallel on the bed. A tailstock movable seat is provided at one end of the first guide rail, on which a tailstock is fixed, and a fixed headstock is provided at the other end. A drive device is installed above the fixed headstock. The drive device includes a rotary motor and a reducer. The output shaft of the reducer is connected to a dial via a gear. A lever is provided on the surface of the dial for engaging the crankshaft end and driving the crankshaft to rotate. A moving platform is provided on the second guide rail, with a traveling mechanism below the moving platform and a polishing arm and a collector installed above it.

[0007] The tailstock moving seat is connected to the bed through a lead screw adjustment device. The lead screw adjustment device includes a lead screw and a lead screw nut. The two ends of the lead screw are fixed to the bed and can rotate axially. The lead screw nut is engaged with the lead screw through a screw hole and fixed below the tailstock moving seat.

[0008] The traveling mechanism of the mobile platform includes a motor, gears and racks. The racks are fixed to the bed, and the motor is mounted on the mobile platform and drives the gears to mesh with the racks.

[0009] The collector has a funnel-shaped structure, with the larger opening facing the polishing area of ​​the polishing arm and the smaller opening connected to a dust collection device.

[0010] The tailstock movable seat has a positioning hole on the side facing away from the fixed head frame. A positioning block is inserted into the positioning hole. The positioning block abuts against the tailstock movable seat through a positioning bolt to limit the axial displacement of the tailstock movable seat.

[0011] The second guide rail has a U-shaped cross-section with the opening facing outwards. The lower support plate of the mobile platform is equipped with rollers and eccentric wheels. The rollers roll in cooperation with the second guide rail, and the eccentric wheels abut against the inner side of the second guide rail.

[0012] The polishing arm includes a rotating arm, a support arm, a tensioning wheel, a driven wheel, and a driving wheel. The rotating arm is connected to the moving platform via a hinge mechanism. The support arm is L-shaped and has a counterweight at its end. The tensioning wheel and the driven wheel are respectively installed in the middle and below the support arm. The driving wheel is connected to the polishing motor. The polishing belt passes around the tensioning wheel, the driven wheel, and the driving wheel and contacts the crankshaft surface.

[0013] The lead screw adjustment device also includes a drive motor, which is connected to the lead screw via a gear set.

[0014] The mobile platform is equipped with a slider and a T-slot, and the hinge mechanism of the polishing arm is connected to the T-slot via an adjusting bolt.

[0015] The collector has a filter screen inside its flared opening.

[0016] The reducer of the drive device is a cycloidal pinwheel reducer, and the gear at its output end meshes with the gear on the outside of the dial.

[0017] The motor of the walking mechanism is a variable frequency motor, and the moving speed of the moving platform is controlled by adjusting the input current parameters.

[0018] A deep groove ball bearing is installed on the outer side of the eccentric wheel, and the deep groove ball bearing is in contact with the inner side of the second guide rail.

[0019] The advantages of this invention are: 1. It utilizes a lead screw adjustment device on the tailstock moving seat, driven by a motor. This allows it to be used with crankshafts of different lengths, reducing manual operation and improving production efficiency. Furthermore, the lead screw adjustment device has a backstop function, preventing accidents caused by sudden tailstock retraction.

[0020] 2. A walking mechanism is installed on the mobile platform, using a motor to drive gears to rotate. Through the meshing of gears and racks, the mobile platform moves axially, reducing the intensity of manual operation.

[0021] 3. A collector on the mobile platform is used to collect dust during the polishing process, reducing the risk of workers inhaling dust. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the tailstock and the moving platform from the perspective of the crankshaft.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the fixed headstock and the moving platform from the perspective of the crankshaft.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a lead screw adjustment device;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a safety backstop device;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a mobile platform.

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The right view. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a detailed description of the semi-automatic non-road crankshaft polishing machine.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the bed A is an integral support structure, welded from high-strength steel plates, with its surface ground to ensure flatness. A first guide rail A-1 and a second guide rail A-2 are mounted parallel to each other on bed A. Both are high-precision linear guide rails. The first guide rail A-1 is used for the axial adjustment of the tailstock moving seat 1, and the tailstock 1-1 is fixedly mounted on the tailstock moving seat. The second guide rail A-2 is used for the lateral displacement of the moving platform 2. The tailstock moving seat 1 is fixed to one end of the first guide rail A-1, and the headstock 3 is mounted on the other end. The moving platform 2 slides on the second guide rail A-2, and the moving platform 2 achieves precise movement along the guide rails through a traveling mechanism.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, a lead screw nut 1-2 is fixed below the tailstock moving seat 1. The two ends 1-3-1 and 1-3-2 of the lead screw 1-3 are fixed to the bed A and mesh with the lead screw nut 1-2. The lead screw 1-3 is driven to rotate by a drive motor 1-2-2 through a gear set, which includes a pinion 1-2-1 and a large gear 1-2-3. The large gear 1-2-3 is coaxially connected to the lead screw 1-3. When the drive motor 1-2-2 starts, the rotation of the lead screw 1-3 drives the lead screw nut 1-2 and the tailstock moving seat 1 to move along the first guide rail A-1 on the slider 1-6 to accommodate crankshafts of different lengths. After adjustment, the positioning block 1-4 is inserted into the positioning hole A-3 of the tailstock moving seat 1 and locked with the positioning bolt 1-5 to prevent the tailstock from accidentally retracting.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, a drive unit, including a rotary motor 3-2 and a reducer 3-1, is installed above the fixed headstock 3. The output shaft of the reducer 3-1 meshes with a gear on the outside of the dial 3-4 via a reducer gear 3-3. A lever 3-5 is mounted on the surface of the dial 3-4. The lever is embedded in the end of the crankshaft, driving the crankshaft to rotate.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the polishing arm 2-1 is fixed above the moving platform 2, as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, rollers 2-4 are installed on the lower support plate 2-3 of the moving platform 2. The rollers 2-4 roll in contact with the U-groove of the second guide rail A-2. An eccentric wheel 2-5 is also provided on the support plate 2-3. A deep groove ball bearing 2-9 is installed on the outer side of the eccentric wheel 2-5, and the deep groove ball bearing abuts against the inner side of the second guide rail A-2. The vertical position of the moving platform 2 can be finely adjusted by rotating the eccentric wheel 2-5. After equipment assembly or long-term use, the guide rail may experience slight deformation or installation deviation. The rotation adjustment function of the eccentric wheel 2-5 can compensate for such errors, ensuring that the moving platform always moves smoothly along the predetermined trajectory. The traveling mechanism of the moving platform 2 is driven by a brake motor 2-6. The output shaft of the brake motor 2-6 is connected to a gear 2-7, which meshes with a rack 2-8 fixed on the bed A.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown

[0037] The polishing arm includes a rotating arm 2a, a support arm 2b, a tensioning wheel 2c, a driven wheel 2d, and a driving wheel 2a. The rotating arm 2a is connected to the moving platform 2 via a hinge mechanism. The support arm 2b is L-shaped and has a counterweight 2g at its end. The tensioning wheel 2c and the driven wheel 2d are respectively installed in the middle and below the support arm 2b. The driving wheel 2e is connected to the polishing motor. The polishing belt 2f passes around the tensioning wheel 2c, the driven wheel 2d, and the driving wheel 2e and contacts the crankshaft surface.

[0038] Vacuum cleaning equipment and safety protection

[0039] A funnel-shaped collector 2-2 is installed on the mobile platform 2, with the larger opening facing the polishing area and a metal filter inside to intercept large dust particles. The smaller opening is connected to an external vacuum cleaner via a hose. During the polishing process, the vacuum cleaner extracts dust in real time, reducing environmental pollution. In addition, the positioning bolts 1-5 of the tailstock moving base 1 and the brake motor 2-6 of the mobile platform 2 constitute a double safety locking mechanism to prevent accidental displacement of the equipment.

Claims

1. A semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine comprising a bed, characterized in that: The machine bed is provided with a first guide rail and a second guide rail in parallel. A tailstock movable seat is provided at one end of the first guide rail, and a tailstock is fixed on the tailstock movable seat. A fixed headstock is provided at the other end. A drive device is installed above the fixed headstock. The drive device includes a rotary motor and a reducer. The output shaft of the reducer is connected to a dial through a reducer gear. A lever is provided on the surface of the dial. A moving platform is provided on the second guide rail. A traveling mechanism is provided below the moving platform. A polishing arm and a collector are installed above it. The tailstock moving seat is connected to the bed via a lead screw adjustment device. The lead screw adjustment device includes a lead screw and a lead screw nut. The two ends of the lead screw are fixed to the bed and can rotate axially. The lead screw nut meshes with the lead screw through a screw hole and is fixed below the tailstock moving seat. The traveling mechanism of the mobile platform includes a motor, gears and racks. The racks are fixed to the bed, and the motor is mounted on the mobile platform and drives the gears to mesh with the racks. The collector has a funnel-shaped structure, with the larger opening facing the polishing area of ​​the polishing arm and the smaller opening connected to a dust collection device.

2. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 1, wherein: The tailstock movable seat has a positioning hole on the side facing away from the fixed head frame. A positioning block is inserted into the positioning hole. The positioning block abuts against the tailstock movable seat through a positioning bolt to limit the axial displacement of the tailstock movable seat.

3. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 1, wherein: The second guide rail has a U-shaped cross-section with the opening facing outwards. The lower support plate of the mobile platform is equipped with rollers and eccentric wheels. The rollers roll in cooperation with the second guide rail, and the eccentric wheels abut against the inner side of the second guide rail.

4. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 1, wherein: The polishing arm includes a rotating arm, a support arm, a tensioning wheel, a driven wheel, and a driving wheel. The rotating arm is connected to the moving platform via a hinge mechanism. The support arm is L-shaped and has a counterweight at its end. The tensioning wheel and the driven wheel are respectively installed in the middle and below the support arm. The driving wheel is connected to the polishing motor. The polishing belt passes around the tensioning wheel, the driven wheel, and the driving wheel and contacts the crankshaft surface.

5. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 1, wherein: The lead screw adjustment device also includes a drive motor, which is connected to the lead screw via a gear set.

6. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 1, wherein: The collector has a filter screen inside its flared opening.

7. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 1, wherein: The reducer of the drive device is a cycloidal pin reducer, and the reducer gear at the output end of the reducer meshes with the gear on the outside of the dial.

8. The semi-automated off-highway crankshaft polishing machine of claim 3, wherein: A deep groove ball bearing is installed on the outer side of the eccentric wheel, and the deep groove ball bearing is in contact with the inner side of the second guide rail.

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