Vibration acceleration sensor for ancient building health monitoring
The vibration acceleration sensor, designed with a high-entropy porous ceramic shell and MEMS chip, solves the problems of easy corrosion and insufficient heat insulation of sensors in ancient building environments. It achieves high-precision, low-power real-time monitoring, is suitable for long-term stable health monitoring of ancient buildings, and supports the deployment of large-scale monitoring networks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PUTIAN UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration acceleration sensors are susceptible to corrosion in ancient building environments, have insufficient heat insulation, are bulky, may damage buildings during installation, have low monitoring efficiency, and are costly to maintain, making it difficult to meet the needs for long-term stable and real-time monitoring.
Employing a high-entropy porous ceramic shell, piezoelectric conversion elements, and MEMS chip design, combined with a wireless communication module, it achieves corrosion resistance, heat insulation, low power consumption, and non-destructive installation. It can be fixed to the surface of ancient buildings by magnetic attraction or adhesive. It integrates signal processing circuitry and low-power design to support long-term stable monitoring.
It improves the environmental adaptability and monitoring accuracy of sensors, enabling high-precision, low-interference, real-time health monitoring of ancient buildings, reducing the risk of damage to buildings and maintenance costs, and supporting the deployment of large-scale monitoring networks.
Smart Images
Figure CN224136720U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of health monitoring of ancient buildings, specifically a vibration acceleration sensor for monitoring the health of ancient buildings. Background Technology
[0002] As an important component of cultural heritage, the health monitoring of ancient buildings is crucial for protecting their integrity and safety. Vibration accelerometers, as key devices in health monitoring, are used to collect vibration data in real time to assess their structural condition and safety. However, the application of traditional accelerometers in the environment of ancient buildings faces numerous challenges. Ancient buildings are typically situated in complex natural environments, exposed to adverse conditions such as high humidity, temperature fluctuations, and acid rain corrosion over long periods. These factors can lead to sensor performance degradation or even damage. Furthermore, traditional accelerometers are often encapsulated in metal or ordinary plastic, resulting in poor corrosion resistance and insufficient thermal insulation, making them unsuitable for the unique environment of ancient buildings. Simultaneously, existing sensors are bulky, potentially causing irreversible damage to the ancient building during installation; moreover, their reliance on high-power communication modules or manual data acquisition methods leads to low monitoring efficiency and high maintenance costs, failing to meet the requirements of long-term stable, low-interference, and real-time monitoring. Therefore, developing a vibration accelerometer with corrosion resistance, thermal insulation, and a compact size is of great significance for improving the reliability and sustainability of health monitoring of ancient buildings. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of poor corrosion resistance, insufficient heat insulation, large size, and potential irreversible damage to ancient buildings during installation in existing technologies. It proposes a vibration acceleration sensor for monitoring the health of ancient buildings, comprising a ceramic shell, an upper piezoelectric conversion element, a lower piezoelectric conversion element, and electrodes connecting the upper and lower piezoelectric conversion elements. The upper, lower, and upper piezoelectric conversion elements are fixed from top to bottom by support screws. A diaphragm is disposed on the lower surface of the lower piezoelectric conversion element. The upper, lower, and lower piezoelectric conversion elements, electrodes, support screws, and diaphragm are encapsulated within the ceramic shell by the vibration acceleration sensor body. The vibration acceleration sensor body includes a signal processing circuit, a wireless communication module, and a sensor chip. The vibration signal from the diaphragm is converted into an electrical signal by the piezoelectric conversion element and electrodes, and then converted into vibration acceleration data by the sensor chip, signal processing circuit, and wireless communication module, and transmitted to a monitoring terminal for health monitoring of the ancient building.
[0004] Preferably, the upper and lower piezoelectric conversion elements are piezoelectric ceramics with planar upper and lower surfaces.
[0005] Preferably, the electrode has multiple protrusions on both sides, and the upper piezoelectric conversion element and the lower piezoelectric conversion element are provided with groove structures to accommodate the protrusions.
[0006] Preferably, the support screw is disposed on the upper surface of the upper piezoelectric conversion element.
[0007] Preferably, the support screw is arranged around the electrode.
[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the lower piezoelectric conversion element is greater than that of the upper piezoelectric conversion element.
[0009] Preferably, the ceramic shell comprises alumina, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide and yttrium oxide, with a porosity of 20%-50%, uniform pore size distribution, thermal conductivity ≤0.1W / (m·K), and a mass loss rate of <0.5% after immersion in an acidic environment of pH=3 for 30 days.
[0010] Preferably, the sensor chip is a MEMS triaxial accelerometer chip with a measurement range of ±2g to ±50g, a resolution of not less than 0.001g, and a noise density of ≤100μg / √Hz.
[0011] Preferably, the vibration acceleration sensor is fixed to the surface of the ancient building to be tested by a magnetic fixing device or a non-invasive adhesive.
[0012] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0013] 1. High Environmental Adaptability: The high-entropy porous ceramic shell combined with a hydrophobic coating significantly improves corrosion resistance, heat insulation, and moisture resistance, meeting the long-term stability requirements of ancient buildings in complex environments. 2. High-Precision Monitoring: The MEMS chip and temperature compensation algorithm work together to achieve a signal-to-noise ratio ≥70dB within a 0.1-100Hz bandwidth, supporting the accurate capture of micro-vibrations and extreme events in ancient buildings. 3. Ultra-Low Power Consumption Design: The combination of 3D integrated circuits and dynamic power management technology results in a total power consumption ≤1mW and wireless communication standby power consumption ≤8μA, enabling continuous operation for more than 3 years. 4. Intelligent Diagnosis and Early Warning: The structural health classification accuracy based on the CNN-LSTM fusion model is ≥98%, with a false alarm rate <2%, enabling rapid response to early damage. 5. Non-Destructive Installation and Maintenance: The magnetic / adhesive dual-mode fixing scheme adapts to the diverse surfaces of ancient buildings, leaving no residue after removal and reducing the impact on the artifacts themselves. 6. Large-Scale Deployment Capability: Self-testing circuits and star topology networking technology ensure sensor consistency and data synchronization, supporting the construction of large-scale monitoring networks for ancient building complexes. Attached Figure Description
[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first embodiment of the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second embodiment of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 This is a logic block diagram of the present invention.
[0018] In the figure: 1-First piezoelectric conversion element; 2-First electrode; 3-Second piezoelectric conversion element; 4-First diaphragm; 5-Sensor body of the first embodiment; 6-First support screw; 7-Acceleration sensor chip of the first embodiment; 8-First high-entropy porous ceramic shell; 9-Third piezoelectric conversion element; 10-Second electrode; 11-Fourth piezoelectric conversion element; 12-Second diaphragm; 13-Sensor body of the second embodiment; 14-Second support screw; 15-Acceleration sensor chip of the second embodiment; 16-Second high-entropy porous ceramic shell Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0020] Example
[0021] The following are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the following embodiments. All technical solutions that fall within the scope of this utility model are protected.
[0022] This utility model provides a vibration acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings, as detailed in the attached specification. Figure 1 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, comprising a first high-entropy porous ceramic shell 8, a first piezoelectric conversion element 1, a second piezoelectric conversion element 3, and a first electrode 2 connecting the first piezoelectric conversion element 1 and the second piezoelectric conversion element 3. The first piezoelectric conversion element 1, the first electrode 2, and the second piezoelectric conversion element 3 are fixed in a top-to-bottom order by a first support screw 6. Specifically, the first piezoelectric conversion element 1 and the second piezoelectric conversion element 3 are piezoelectric ceramics with planar upper and lower surfaces. The first support screw 6 is disposed on the upper surface of the upper piezoelectric conversion element, and a first diaphragm 4 is disposed on the lower surface of the second piezoelectric conversion element 3. The piezoelectric conversion element 1, the first electrode 2, the second piezoelectric conversion element 3, the first support screw 6, and the first diaphragm 4 are encapsulated within the first high-entropy porous ceramic shell 8 by the sensor body 5 of the first embodiment. The sensor body 5 of the first embodiment includes a signal processing circuit, a wireless communication module, and an accelerometer chip 7 of the first embodiment. The vibration signal of the first diaphragm 4 is converted into an electrical signal by the cooperation of the first piezoelectric conversion element 1, the second piezoelectric conversion element 3, and the first electrode 2. Then, the signal is converted into vibration acceleration data by the accelerometer chip 7 of the first embodiment, the signal processing circuit, and the wireless communication module and transmitted to the monitoring terminal for health monitoring of the ancient building.
[0023] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 2This is a second embodiment of the present invention, comprising a second high-entropy porous ceramic shell 16, a third piezoelectric conversion element 9, a fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11, and a second electrode 10 connecting the third piezoelectric conversion element 9 and the fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11. The third piezoelectric conversion element 9, the second electrode 10, and the fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11 are fixed in a top-to-bottom order by a second support screw 14. Specifically, the second electrode 10 has multiple protrusions on both sides, and the third piezoelectric conversion element 9 and the fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11 are provided with groove structures to accommodate the protrusions. The protrusions are connected and fixed by embedding into the grooves. The second support screw 14 is arranged around the second electrode 10. The lower table of the fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11... A second diaphragm 12 is provided on the surface. The third piezoelectric conversion element 9, the second electrode 10, the fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11, the second support screw 14, and the second diaphragm 12 are encapsulated in the second high-entropy porous ceramic shell 16 by the sensor body 13 of the second embodiment. The sensor body 16 of the second embodiment includes a signal processing circuit, a wireless communication module, and an accelerometer chip 15 of the second embodiment. The vibration signal of the second diaphragm 12 is converted into an electrical signal by the cooperation of the third piezoelectric conversion element 9, the fourth piezoelectric conversion element 11, and the second electrode 10. Then, the signal is converted into vibration acceleration data by the accelerometer chip 15, the signal processing circuit, and the wireless communication module and transmitted to the monitoring terminal for health monitoring of the ancient building.
[0024] The vibration acceleration sensors used for health monitoring of ancient buildings in the above two embodiments are fixed to the surface of the ancient building to be tested by magnetic fixing devices or non-invasive adhesives. (Refer to the attached instruction manual.) Figure 3 Its specific working principle is as follows:
[0025] (1) Vibration Detection: The accelerometer chip, based on the piezoelectric effect or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, senses the vibration of the ancient building structure through internal sensing elements (such as a mass-spring structure). When the building vibrates, the mass block displaces due to inertia, causing changes in capacitance, resistance, or charge, thereby converting the mechanical vibration into an electrical signal. Specifically, the sensor chip is a MEMS triaxial accelerometer chip with a measurement range of ±2g to ±50g, a resolution of not less than 0.001g, and a noise density ≤100μg / √Hz.
[0026] (2) Signal processing: The built-in signal processing circuit amplifies (increases signal strength), filters (removes environmental noise interference) and performs analog-to-digital conversion (converts analog signals into digital signals) on the original electrical signal to ensure data accuracy and stability.
[0027] (3) Data Encapsulation and Protection: The high-entropy porous ceramic shell achieves thermal insulation through its porous structure, reducing the impact of external temperature fluctuations on internal components. Simultaneously, its high-entropy alloy properties endow the material with excellent corrosion resistance, protecting the sensor from humid, acidic, and alkaline environments. The high-entropy porous ceramic shell comprises alumina, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, and yttrium oxide, with a porosity of 20%-50%, uniform pore size distribution, thermal conductivity ≤0.1W / (m·K), and a mass loss rate of <0.5% after immersion in an acidic environment (pH=3) for 30 days.
[0028] (4) Wireless transmission and low-power operation: The processed data is transmitted to the cloud monitoring platform in real time via a low-power wireless communication module (such as NB-IoT, LoRa). The sensor adopts a low-power design (such as sleep mode, efficient power management) to extend battery life and meet long-term monitoring needs.
[0029] (5) System Integration and Monitoring: Multiple sensors are deployed in key parts of the ancient building (beams, columns, etc.) to form a network. The monitoring platform analyzes vibration data through machine learning, identifies abnormal patterns (such as crack propagation and structural loosening), and provides early warnings to support maintenance.
[0030] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A vibration acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings, characterized by, The device includes a ceramic shell, an upper piezoelectric conversion element, a lower piezoelectric conversion element, and electrodes connecting the upper and lower piezoelectric conversion elements. The upper piezoelectric conversion element, electrodes, and lower piezoelectric conversion element are fixed from top to bottom by support screws. A diaphragm is disposed on the lower surface of the lower piezoelectric conversion element. The upper piezoelectric conversion element, lower piezoelectric conversion element, electrodes, support screws, and diaphragm are encapsulated within the ceramic shell by a vibration acceleration sensor body. The vibration acceleration sensor body includes a signal processing circuit, a wireless communication module, and a sensor chip. The sensor chip is a MEMS triaxial accelerometer chip. Through the cooperation of the piezoelectric conversion element and electrodes, the vibration signal of the diaphragm is converted into an electrical signal, which is then converted into vibration acceleration data by the sensor chip, signal processing circuit, and wireless communication module and transmitted to a monitoring terminal for health monitoring of ancient buildings.
2. The vibration acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower piezoelectric conversion elements are piezoelectric ceramics with planar surfaces on both the upper and lower sides.
3. The vibrating acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode has multiple protrusions on both sides, and the upper and lower piezoelectric conversion elements are provided with groove structures to accommodate the protrusions.
4. The vibrating acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support screw is disposed on the upper surface of the upper piezoelectric conversion element.
5. The vibrating acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support screw is arranged around the electrode.
6. The vibrating acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the lower piezoelectric conversion element is greater than that of the upper piezoelectric conversion element.
7. The vibrating acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor chip has a measurement range of ±2g to ±50g, a resolution of not less than 0.001g, and a noise density of ≤100μg / √Hz.
8. The vibration acceleration sensor for health monitoring of ancient buildings according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The vibration acceleration sensor is fixed to the surface of the ancient building to be tested by a magnetic fixing device or a non-invasive adhesive.