High-performance long-service-life friction nano-generator for collecting fluid energy and monitoring equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-performance long-service-life friction nanometer generator for collecting fluid energy and monitoring equipment. The high-performance long-service-life friction nanometer generator comprises a bearing box body, an energy capturing mechanism, a transmission frequency increasing mechanism, a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism and a power generation unit group. The energy harvesting mechanism is connected with the transmission frequency increasing mechanism; the rotary reciprocating rectilinear motion mechanism is connected with the transmission frequency-increasing mechanism, and two ends of the rotary reciprocating rectilinear motion mechanism penetrate through a linear bearing fixed on the bearing box body; and the power generation unit group is mounted on the two. The energy harvesting mechanism converts fluid energy into mechanical energy through the transmission frequency increasing mechanism, and the multiple power generation units are driven to generate power in a cooperative friction mode. Modularized design is adopted for rotors of the power generation unit groups. Under the synergistic effect of the rotary reciprocating rectilinear motion mechanism and the transmission frequency increasing mechanism, the rotors in the power generation unit group rotate in opposite directions and axially reciprocate at the same time, abrasion of friction electric materials is reduced, the air breakdown effect is restrained, and the friction nanometer generator has the long service life and the output performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluid energy power generation equipment, specifically to a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting fluid energy and a monitoring device thereon. Background Technology

[0002] Fluid energy, such as wind and hydropower, is considered a promising renewable energy source due to its abundant resources, wide distribution, and clean characteristics, and can alleviate the problem of the increasing depletion of traditional fossil fuels. However, traditional fluid energy harvesting technologies, such as electromagnetic generators (EMGs), wind turbines, and hydro turbines, are limited in their application in wind energy harvesting due to problems such as high maintenance costs, cumbersome installation processes, high noise levels, large footprints, and poor integration flexibility. Therefore, developing new, efficient fluid energy harvesting technologies and equipment that are inexpensive and easy to install is particularly crucial.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) utilize the principles of triboelectricity and electrostatic induction to generate electrical energy, demonstrating their potential as a highly efficient environmental energy harvesting strategy. With improvements in operating modes, advancements in materials, and optimization of structures, TENGs have found widespread application in various fields, including flexible electronics, human-computer interaction, wearable electronic devices, medical science, environmental science, and blue energy, due to their advantages such as low-cost manufacturing, diverse material choices, and high-sensitivity response. This invention, through innovative structural design, optimization of triboelectric materials, and the introduction of other auxiliary technologies, demonstrates the significant potential of TENGs in harvesting fluid energy at different velocities.

[0004] In traditional triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that harvest fluid energy, surface wear caused by high-frequency, intense friction between triboelectric materials limits the stability and sustainability of the TENG's output. Air breakdown between the triboelectric materials also limits the surface charge density of the TENG, thus affecting its energy output. Under high-impedance external loads, air breakdown becomes the main factor limiting the TENG's energy output. Therefore, exploring a triboelectric nanogenerator and its monitoring device that combines long lifespan and high output is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of existing triboelectric nanogenerator technology for harvesting fluid energy, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy and a monitoring device thereon.

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator and monitoring device for collecting fluid energy, so as to solve the problem that traditional triboelectric nanogenerators for collecting fluid energy cannot simultaneously achieve high output performance and long service life.

[0007] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: The triboelectric nanogenerator includes a support housing, an energy harvesting mechanism, a transmission frequency amplification mechanism, a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism, and a group of power generation units. Under the synergistic action of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism and the transmission frequency amplification mechanism, the rotors within the power generation unit group rotate in opposite directions while simultaneously achieving axial reciprocating linear motion. This reduces the wear of the triboelectric materials and suppresses the air breakdown effect between the triboelectric materials, thus enabling the triboelectric nanogenerator to possess both a long service life and high output performance.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the energy harvesting mechanism includes a turbine hub, turbine blades, a guide cover, connecting bolts, nuts, and a retaining ring. The turbine hub is a two-section stepped shaft. The front section of the hub has a convex mounting groove on its circumference and a U-shaped groove at the bottom that mates with the turbine blade mounting part. The top section of the front section of the hub has a U-shaped groove that mates with the bottom mounting part of the guide cover. The rear section of the hub is a hollow shaft with threaded holes on its circumference, which mates with the retaining ring and fixes the turbine hub circumferentially and axially. The energy harvesting mechanism can convert the captured fluid energy into rotational mechanical energy.

[0009] The turbine hub of the energy harvesting mechanism is detachably mounted on the drive shaft section 1 of the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism via a fixing ring 1; the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism and the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism are connected together by inserting the small end section into the guide hole of the drive shaft section 5; after the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism are connected, they pass through the inner hole of the linear bearing via the large end sections at both ends and the drive shaft section 1; the linear bearing is fixedly mounted on the bearing housing.

[0010] The transmission frequency amplification mechanism includes a transmission shaft 1, a transmission shaft 2, a transmission shaft 3, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, and a bevel gear 3. Both ends of the transmission shaft 1 pass through the inner holes of a deep groove ball bearing fixedly mounted on a bearing housing. The ends of the transmission shaft 2 and the flange double-headed shaft pass through the inner holes of a linear bearing fixedly mounted on a bearing housing. The transmission shaft 3 has a central through hole, and both ends of the central through hole are coaxially mounted on the outer rings of a deep groove ball bearing, with the inner holes of this pair of deep groove ball bearings being passed through by the transmission shaft 2. The transmission shaft 1 is perpendicular to both the transmission shaft 2 and the transmission shaft 3. The centers of the bevel gears 1, 2, and 3 are respectively provided with through holes for the transmission shafts 1, 2, and 3 to pass through, and the bevel gear 1 meshes with both the bevel gear 2 and the bevel gear 3.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism includes a flange double-headed shaft, a connecting support, a linear motion distance limiting end cover, a pair of repulsive magnets, an external threaded bearing, and a magnet mounting cover; the flange double-headed shaft has threaded holes in both the circumferential and end face directions; the flange double-headed shaft is inserted into the center hole of the second transmission shaft, and a pair of repulsive magnets is fixedly installed between the end of the flange double-headed shaft and the bottom of the center hole of the second transmission shaft; the connecting support is divided into upper and lower sections, and both the upper and lower sections are provided with threaded through holes in the circumferential direction; the bearing portion of the external threaded bearing is installed on the guide in the circumferential direction of the second transmission shaft. Inside the groove, the external threaded part is fixedly installed in the threaded through hole of the lower section of the connecting support; the upper section of the connecting support is fixedly installed in the circumferential direction of the double-headed shaft of the flange by bolts; the magnet mounting cover is fixedly installed at the end of the stator housing by bolts; the generator unit group is rotatably installed on the double-headed shaft of the flange, and two sets of repulsive magnet pairs are respectively fixedly installed on the generator unit group and the magnet mounting cover. The rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism drives the generator unit group to achieve periodic contact-separation during the rotation process; the linear motion distance limiting end cover is used to limit the axial displacement distance of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism and is fixedly installed on the outside of the bearing box by bolts.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the power generation unit group includes a modular rotor, a stainless steel sheet 1, a dielectric film 1, a dielectric film 2, an electrode rotor, a conductive film 1, a stainless steel sheet 2, a stator shell, a conductive film 2, a dielectric film 3, rabbit hair, a conductive film 3, and a dielectric film 4; the power generation unit group has three power generation units; the modular rotor includes a base plate, a magnet mounting base plate, a rotor module, and an intermediate mounting module; the stator shell is a bottomed cylinder with a central hole at the bottom, and drive shafts 2 and 3 both pass through the central hole at the bottom of the stator shell, and the stator shell is fixedly installed in the bearing housing; the stainless steel sheet 1 is bent and fixed on the base plate and the magnet mounting base plate as a base and a shielding electrode, the conductive film 1 is attached to the upper surface of the electrode rotor as an electrode of the power generation unit 1, the dielectric film 1 is attached to the lower surface of the stainless steel sheet, and the dielectric film 2 is attached to the upper surface of the conductive film 1 as a triboelectric material of the power generation unit 1; the rotor modules are all fixedly installed in the circumferential direction of the base plate and the magnet mounting base plate, and the stainless steel sheet 2 is bent and fixedly installed on the rotor... The submodule serves as the base and shielding electrode. Conductive film two is attached to the inner circumference of the stator shell as the electrode and triboelectric material of power generation unit two. Dielectric film three is attached to the outer surface of stainless steel sheet two as the triboelectric material of power generation unit two. Conductive film three is attached to the lower surface of the electrode rotor as the electrode of power generation unit three. Dielectric film four is attached to the upper surface of conductive film three as the triboelectric material of power generation unit three. Rabbit hair is attached to the bottom of the stator shell as the triboelectric material of power generation unit three. Power generation units one, two, and three all generate charge through the contact and separation of triboelectric materials. The electrodes of each power generation unit are connected by wires, and these charges are collected by the electrodes, forming a current in the wires, thus converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the movement modes between the triboelectric materials of each power generation unit are different: the movement mode between the triboelectric materials of power generation unit one is a rotation-contact-separation mode; the movement mode between the triboelectric materials of power generation unit two is a rotation-sliding mode; and the movement mode between the triboelectric materials of power generation unit three is a rotation mode. The three power generation units can move collaboratively and generate electricity independently.

[0013] This invention also provides a monitoring device that uses a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator that collects fluid energy, as described in Example 1, for self-powered operation. For example, data acquisition equipment may be deployed in farms, railways, highways, and by meteorological and environmental departments. Many instruments or devices within these devices require power. In traditional solutions, these devices can be powered by batteries, but the batteries have limited lifespan, requiring regular battery replacements and resulting in significant maintenance costs. To reduce maintenance costs, technicians have also installed solar panels near the equipment; however, solar power generation is unstable in extreme environments. The high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator that collects fluid energy in this embodiment is well-suited for this scenario. This generator can stably generate electricity using abundant fluid energy, thereby powering data acquisition equipment.

[0014] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: It can convert fluid energy into electrical energy. Fluid is collected by the turbine blades driven by the fluid. Under fluid drive, charge separation is generated and alternating current is output through the periodic contact and separation of two triboelectric materials with different electron affinities. The electrodes of each power generation unit are connected by wires. The electric field drives the electrodes to collect the charges generated by the triboelectric effect, forming a current in the wires. Compared with traditional triboelectric nanogenerators, this invention has both high performance and long lifespan. It improves energy transfer efficiency through a transmission frequency amplification mechanism, increases the air breakdown voltage between the triboelectric materials through a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism, thus giving the triboelectric nanogenerator high output performance. The coordinated power generation of multiple power generation units greatly improves space utilization efficiency. Furthermore, this invention can be widely applied in real-world environments such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things to power low-power electronic devices. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the carrier box of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the novel energy harvesting mechanism of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the transmission frequency amplification mechanism of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the power generation unit group of this utility model;

[0021] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Load-bearing housing; 11. Left panel; 12. Front perforated panel; 13. Longitudinal perforated support plate; 14. Right perforated panel; 15. Transverse connecting plate; 16. Base plate; 17. Rear perforated panel; 2. Energy harvesting mechanism; 21. Turbine blade; 22. Turbine hub; 2201. Front section of hub; 2202. Rear section of hub; 23. Flow deflector; 24. Bolt 1; 25. Nut 1; 26. Retaining ring 1; 3. Transmission frequency enhancement mechanism; 31. Drive shaft 3; 3101. Drive shaft 3 section 1; 3102. Drive shaft 3 section 2; 3103. Drive shaft 3 section 3; 3104. Drive shaft 32. Deep groove ball bearing 4; 33. Bevel gear 3; 34. Deep groove ball bearing 3; 35. Drive shaft 2; 3501. Drive shaft 2 section 1; 3502. Drive shaft 2 section 2; 3503. Drive shaft 2 section 3; 3504. Drive shaft 2 section 4; 3505. Drive shaft 2 section 5; 36. Bearing end cover 2; 37. Bolt 2; 38. Linear bearing 1; 39. Sleeve end cover 2; 310. Bevel gear 2; 311. Sleeve end cover 1; 312. Deep groove ball bearing 2; 313. Deep groove ball bearing 1; 314. Drive shaft 1; 31401. Drive shaft 1 section 1; 31402. 31403, Drive Shaft Section 1; 315, Bearing End Cover 1; 316, Bevel Gear 1; 317, Linear Bearing 2; 4. Rotary Reciprocating Linear Motion Mechanism; 41. Linear Motion Distance Limiting End Cover; 42. Nut 2; 43. Bolt 3; 44. Magnet Mounting Cover; 45. Mutually Repulsive Magnet Pair 1; 4501. Magnet 1; 4502. Magnet 2; 46. Modular Rotor; 4601. Base Plate; 4602. Intermediate Mounting Module; 4603. Magnet Mounting Base Plate; 4604. Rotor Module; 47. Bolt 4; 48. Connecting Support; 49. External Threaded Bearing; 410. Mutually Repulsive Magnet pair three; 41001, Magnet three; 41002, Magnet four; 411, Flange double-headed shaft; 41101, Small end section; 41102, Flange section; 41103, Large end section; 412, Mutually repulsive magnet pair two; 41201, Magnet five; 41202, Magnet six; 5, Generating unit group; 51, Stator housing; 52, Conductive film two; 53, Rabbit fur; 54, Dielectric film four; 55, Electrode rotor; 56, Conductive film one; 57, Dielectric film three; 58, Stainless steel sheet two; 59, Stainless steel sheet one; 510, Dielectric film one; 511, Dielectric film two; 512, Conductive film three. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0023] Example 1.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy, comprising a support housing 1, an energy harvesting mechanism 2, a transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3, a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4, and a power generation unit group 5. The support housing 1 has several through holes at its bottom and openings in its side walls for assisting in fixing the parts of the transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3; the support housing 1 is divided into a large and a small chamber; the energy harvesting mechanism 2 is detachably mounted on the first shaft segment 31401 of the transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3; the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 and the transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3 are connected together by inserting the small end into the guide hole of the second shaft segment 5; the two ends of the shaft after the transmission frequency amplification mechanism and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 are connected pass through the inner holes of linear bearing 38 and linear bearing 317; the linear bearing 38 and linear bearing 317 are fixedly mounted on the support housing 1.

[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment, the power generation unit group is fixedly mounted on the transmission frequency amplification mechanism and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism by bolts. Since the transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3 is based on the coaxial reversal principle, and the transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3 and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 in this embodiment are combined to form a coaxial reversal-reciprocating motion mechanism, when this high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy is in operation, the energy harvesting mechanism 2 will be driven by the fluid to rotate, further driving the transmission shaft 314 of the transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3 to drive the transmission shaft 35 and the transmission shaft 31 to rotate relative to each other. When the flange double-headed shaft 411 installed on the transmission shaft 2 35 rotates, the repulsive magnets will act periodically, which will further cause the modular rotor to periodically generate rotation-contact-separation motion. Thus, the power generation unit 1 is equivalent to an independent layer mode triboelectric nanogenerator and a vertical contact-separation mode triboelectric nanoengine; the power generation unit 2 is equivalent to a horizontal sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerator and an independent layer mode triboelectric nanogenerator; and the power generation unit 3 is equivalent to an independent layer mode triboelectric nanogenerator. The three power generation units can move in coordination and generate electricity independently.

[0026] The high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for fluid energy harvesting provided in this embodiment is typically installed in areas with abundant fluid energy, such as railways, highways, farms, and oceans, utilizing the widely available fluids. When traditional fluid energy triboelectric nanogenerators are applied in such scenarios, the stability and sustainability of their output are limited by surface wear caused by high-frequency, intense friction between triboelectric materials. Air breakdown also limits the surface charge density of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), thus affecting its energy output. However, the long-life, high-output triboelectric nanogenerator of this embodiment utilizes a combination of a transmission frequency amplification mechanism 3 and a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 to form a coaxial reverse-reciprocating motion mechanism. This causes the modular rotor 46 to periodically generate rotation-contact-separation motion, resulting in periodic contact-separation between the triboelectric materials while they rotate in opposite directions. Therefore, the high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for fluid energy harvesting provided in this embodiment reduces wear on triboelectric materials and suppresses air breakdown effects between them compared to existing devices, thus enabling the triboelectric nanogenerator to achieve both a long service life and high output performance.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the supporting box 1 in this embodiment comprises a left panel 11, a right panel 14 with holes, front and rear panels with holes 17, a longitudinal support plate with holes 13, a transverse connecting plate 15, and a bottom plate 16. The bottom plate 16 has several through holes for fixing the box. Their respective arrangements are... Figure 2 Consistent with the above.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the energy harvesting structure 2 in this embodiment includes a turbine hub 22, a set of three turbine blades 21, a guide cover 23, bolts 24, nuts 25, and retaining rings 26;

[0029] It should be noted that the turbine hub 22 is a two-section stepped shaft. The front section 2201 of the hub has a "convex" shaped mounting groove in the circumferential direction, the turbine blade 21 mounting part has a through hole, and the bottom of the "U" shaped groove has a countersunk hole for fixing the mounting nut 25. The back of the guide cover 23 has a boss with the same shape and size as the groove on the end face of the turbine hub 22, and a blind hole with the same diameter as the head of the bolt 24 is opened on the boss.

[0030] The assembly process of the energy-harvesting structure 2 in this embodiment is as follows: the turbine blade 21 mounting part is detachably installed in the detachably mounted bottom "U"-shaped groove by bolt-24 and nut-25; the bottom mounting part of the guide cover 23 is detachably installed in the top "J"-shaped groove of the front section 2201 of the hub; the boss on the back of the guide cover 23 matches the groove at the end of the turbine hub 22.

[0031] It should be noted that the rear section 2202 of the wheel hub has a blind hole, and the retaining ring 26 is installed inside the blind hole of the rear section 2202 of the wheel hub. The outer wall of the blind hole has a threaded hole. After completing the above assembly, combined with... Figure 1 It is known that the turbine hub 22 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft section 31401 via a retaining ring 26. Bolts 24 are screwed into the threaded holes on the circumference of the rear section 2202 of the hub, thereby achieving circumferential and axial fixation of the turbine hub 22 on the drive shaft section 31401. Furthermore, the energy harvesting mechanism 2 can convert the harvested fluid energy into rotational mechanical energy and transmit it to the drive shaft 314.

[0032] In detail, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transmission frequency enhancement structure 3 in this embodiment includes a first transmission shaft 314, a second transmission shaft 35, a third transmission shaft 31, a first deep groove ball bearing 313, a second deep groove ball bearing 312, a third deep groove ball bearing 34, a fourth deep groove ball bearing 32, a first linear bearing 38, a first bevel gear 316, a second bevel gear 310 and a third bevel gear 33, a first bearing end cover 315, a second bearing end cover 36, a first sleeve end cover 311, a second sleeve end cover 39, and a second bolt 37;

[0033] It should be noted that the first drive shaft 314 is a three-section stepped shaft, with keyways on both the first drive shaft section 31401 and the second drive shaft section 31402; the second drive shaft 35 is a five-section stepped shaft, with a pair of convex guide grooves symmetrically opened in the circumferential direction and a centering hole opened in the axial direction on the fifth drive shaft section 3505; the guide grooves and the centering hole are used for coupling and linkage with the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4; the third drive shaft 31 is a four-section stepped hollow shaft, with a bevel gear 33 fixedly installed on the first drive shaft section 3101, and the second drive shaft section 3102 and the third drive shaft section 3103 are used to transition and limit the maximum circumferential dimension of the third drive shaft 31, and a through hole is opened on the fourth drive shaft section 3104 for connecting the electrode rotor 55 of the power generation unit group 5.

[0034] The assembly process of the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism 3 in this embodiment is as follows: the turbine hub 22 is detachably mounted on the drive shaft section 31401 via a key connection and a retaining ring 26; the bevel gear 316 is detachably mounted on the extended portion of the drive shaft section 31403; the drive shaft section 31401 is circumferentially fixed by a deep groove ball bearing 313 mounted on the perforated right panel 14; and the drive shaft section 31403 is circumferentially fixed by a deep groove ball bearing 313 mounted on the longitudinal perforated support plate 13. The second groove ball bearing 312 achieves circumferential fixation; the first bevel gear 316 achieves axial and circumferential fixation through the sleeve end cover 311 and key connection; the first deep groove ball bearing 313 achieves axial fixation through the shoulder between the first shaft section 31401 and the second shaft section 31402 of the first drive shaft and the bearing end cover 315; the second deep groove ball bearing 312 achieves axial fixation through the shoulder between the second shaft section 31402 and the third shaft section 31403 of the first drive shaft and the sleeve end cover 311; the bearing end cover 31... 5. The sleeve end cap 311 is detachably mounted on the outside of the perforated right panel 14 via bolt 2 37; the sleeve end cap 311 is detachably mounted on the outside of the longitudinal perforated support plate 13 via bolt 2 37; the first shaft section 3501 of the second drive shaft is mounted on the bearing housing 1 via linear bearing 38; the second bevel gear 310 is fixedly mounted on the fourth shaft section 3504 of the second drive shaft; the sleeve end cap 39 is mounted on the third shaft section 3503 of the second drive shaft; the bevel gear 310 is axially and circumferentially fixed via the sleeve end cap 39 and a key connection. Linear bearing 38 is axially fixed to bearing end cover 36 via sleeve end cover 39; bearing end cover 36 is detachably mounted on the outside of front perforated panel 12 via bolt 37, and sleeve end cover 39 is detachably mounted on the inside of front perforated panel 12 via bolt 37; the outer rings of deep groove ball bearing 34 and deep groove ball bearing 42 are interference-fitted with the inner hole of drive shaft 31, and the inner rings of deep groove ball bearing 34 and deep groove ball bearing 42 are detachably mounted on drive shaft section 4504.

[0035] Furthermore, regardless of the direction of fluid flow, under the action of bevel gears 316, 310, and 33, which are respectively fixedly installed on drive shaft 314, drive shaft 35, and drive shaft 31, drive shaft 314, drive shaft 2, and drive shaft 31, drive shaft 314, drive shaft 2, and drive shaft 35, as well as the components installed on drive shaft 314 and drive shaft 2, always rotate in the same direction at the same frequency, thereby achieving a frequency amplification effect.

[0036] After completing the above assembly, combine Figure 1It is known that the center hole of the second shaft section 3505 of the transmission shaft is connected to the flange double-headed shaft 411 of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4, so that the second shaft 35 drives the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 to perform rotary reciprocating linear motion when rotating. The stator housing 51 is detachably set in the circumferential direction of the third shaft section 3103 of the transmission shaft, and the electrode rotor 55 is detachably connected to the third shaft section 3103 of the transmission shaft by bolts.

[0037] 0 as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 includes a flange double-headed shaft 411, a second linear bearing 317, a connecting support 48, a linear motion distance limiting end cap 41, a third bolt 43, a fourth bolt 47, a second nut 42, a first magnet 4501, a second magnet 4502, an external thread bearing 49, a third magnet 41001, a fourth magnet 41002, a magnet mounting cover 44, a fifth magnet 41201, and a sixth magnet 41202;

[0038] It should be noted that the flange double-headed shaft 411 is a three-section stepped shaft, consisting of a large end section 41103, a flange section 41102, and a small end section 41101.

[0039] The assembly process of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 in this embodiment is as follows: Linear bearing 2 317 is detachably mounted on the rear perforated panel 17; the large end section 41103 in this embodiment is detachably and replaceably mounted in the inner hole of linear bearing 2 317 to achieve circumferential fixation; the linear motion distance limiting end cover 41 is detachably mounted on the outside of the rear perforated panel 17 by bolt 2 37; the front side of the linear motion distance limiting end cover 41 has a nut groove for fixing a selectable number of nuts 2 42; bolt 3 43 is screwed into the nuts 2 42; by adjusting the number of turns of bolt 3 43, the axial linear displacement distance of the flange double-headed shaft 411 is controlled, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the linear displacement distance of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4; the circumferential surface of the flange section 41102 is opened The flange section 41102 has symmetrically arranged threaded holes on its upper end face, which are connected to the upper section of the connecting support column 48 by bolts 47. The intermediate module of the modular rotor 46 is detachably installed in the threaded hole on the upper end face of the flange section 41102, so that the modular rotor 46 and the flange double-headed shaft 411 have the same movement mode. In this embodiment, magnet 41001 is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the small end section 41101, and magnet 41002 is fixedly installed in the centering hole of the transmission shaft section 3505. The small end section 41101 can be completely inserted into the hole of the transmission shaft section 3505. Magnet 41001 and magnet 41002 have their magnetically similar surfaces facing each other, forming a pair of repulsive magnets 410. The pair of repulsive magnets 410 is always in operation.

[0040] The assembly process of the combination of the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism 3 and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism 4 in this embodiment is as follows: The bearing portion of a selectable number of external thread bearings 49 is installed in the "convex" shaped guide groove in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft section 3505. The external thread bearing selected in this embodiment extends out of the external thread portion and is screwed into the threaded hole at the lower end of the connecting support 48. Magnet 1 4501 and magnet 6 41202 are fixed inside the magnet mounting cover 44. The bottom of the magnet mounting cover 44 is fixedly installed on the base plate 16, and the front side is fixedly installed on the stator housing 51. Magnet 2 4502 and magnet 5 41201 are fixed on the modular rotor 46. Magnet 1 4501 and magnet 6 41202 are respectively installed opposite to the magnetically similar surfaces of magnet 2 4502 and magnet 5 41201 fixed on the front side of the magnet mounting cover 44. Magnet 1 4501 and magnet 2 4502 form a pair of mutually repulsive magnets 45, and magnet 5 41201 and magnet 6 41202 form a pair of mutually repulsive magnets 412.

[0041] After completing the above assembly, combine Figure 1 and Figure 5 It is understood that in this embodiment, the second transmission shaft 35 drives the external threaded bearing 49 and the connecting support 48, which are mounted on the fifth section 3505 of the second transmission shaft, to rotate at the same frequency. When the first magnet 4501 and the second magnet 4502, and the fifth magnet 41201 and the sixth magnet 41202 gradually overlap, the mutual repulsion magnet pair 1 45 and the mutual repulsion magnet pair 2 412 take effect. Under the mutual repulsion of the magnetic fields of the mutual repulsion magnet pair 1 45 and the mutual repulsion magnet pair 2 412 and the coupling effect of the external threaded bearing 49 and the connecting support 48, the modular rotor 46 will generate a forward axial movement. Under the mutual repulsion of the magnetic fields of the third magnet pair 3 410 and the coupling effect of the external threaded bearing 49 and the connecting support 48, the modular rotor 46 will generate a backward axial movement.

[0042] It should be noted that when the energy harvesting mechanism 2 in this example converts fluid energy into rotational mechanical energy, the modular rotor 46 installed on the flange section 41102 can continuously achieve zero-friction rotary reciprocating linear motion, thereby reducing wear between triboelectric materials while suppressing air breakdown.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the power generation unit group 5 includes a modular rotor 46, a stainless steel sheet 59, a dielectric film 510, a dielectric film 511, an electrode rotor 55, a conductive film 56, a stainless steel sheet 58, a stator housing 51, a conductive film 52, a dielectric film 57, rabbit hair 53, a conductive film 512, and a dielectric film 54; the power generation unit group 5 has three power generation units; the modular rotor 46 includes a substrate 4601, a magnet mounting substrate 4603, a rotor module 4604, and an intermediate mounting module 4602;

[0044] It should be noted that, in this example, the stator housing 51 is a hollow cylinder with a bottom and a central hole at the bottom. The second drive shaft 35 and the third drive shaft 31 pass through the central hole at the bottom of the stator housing 51, and the stator housing 51 is fixedly installed inside the bearing housing 1. In this example, the base plate 4601 and the magnet mounting base plate 4603 have narrow, elongated slots on their sides for mounting stainless steel sheet 59, and fan-shaped slots in the circumferential direction for mounting rotor module 4604. In this example, the rotor module 4604 has narrow slots in the circumferential direction for mounting stainless steel sheet 58. In this example, the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate mounting module 4602 have threaded holes, and the circumferential surface of the intermediate mounting module 4602 is evenly distributed with a selectable number of slots. The size and shape of the slots are the same as those of the mounting parts of the base plate 4601 and the magnet mounting base plate 4603. The difference between the base plate 4601 and the magnet mounting base plate 4603 in this example is that the top of the magnet mounting base plate 4603 has a slot for detachably mounting magnets.

[0045] The assembly process of the power generation unit group 5 in this embodiment is as follows: The substrate 4601 and the magnet mounting substrate 4603 are detachably installed in the slots of the intermediate module; stainless steel sheet 59 is detachably installed in the narrow, elongated slots on the sides of the substrate 4601 and the magnet mounting substrate 4603; stainless steel sheet 58 is detachably installed in the narrow slots in the circumferential direction of the rotor module 4604; after bending, stainless steel sheet 59 is fixed to the substrate 4601 and the magnet mounting substrate 4603 as a substrate and a shielding electrode; conductive film 56 is attached to the upper surface of the electrode rotor 55 as an electrode of power generation unit 1; dielectric film 510 is attached to the lower surface of stainless steel sheet 59, and dielectric film 511 is attached to the upper surface of conductive film 56 as the electrode of power generation unit 1 in this embodiment. The triboelectric material of the power generation unit 1; the rotor module 4604 is fixedly mounted on the substrate 4601 and the magnet mounting substrate 4603 in the circumferential direction. The stainless steel sheet 2 58 is bent and fixedly mounted on the rotor module 4604 as a substrate and shielding electrode. The conductive film 2 52 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the stator shell 51 as the electrode and triboelectric material of the power generation unit 2 in this embodiment. The dielectric film 3 57 is attached to the outer surface of the stainless steel sheet 2 58 as the triboelectric material of the power generation unit 2 in this embodiment. The conductive film 3 512 is attached to the lower surface of the electrode rotor 55 as the electrode of the power generation unit 3 in this embodiment. The dielectric film 4 54 is attached to the upper surface of the conductive film 3 512. The rabbit hair 53 is attached to the bottom of the stator shell 51 as the triboelectric material of the power generation unit 3 in this embodiment.

[0046] Triboelectric nanogenerators exhibit friction between their triboelectric materials. When these materials wear significantly, replacing the entire generator set would be extremely wasteful. To facilitate the installation and replacement of the triboelectric materials, the modular rotor 46 designed in this embodiment reduces costs and enables efficient utilization of the prototype's triboelectric materials. Power generation units one, two, and three all generate charge through the contact and separation of the triboelectric materials. Electrodes in each power generation unit are connected by wires, which collect these charges and form a current in the wires, thus converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. In this embodiment, each power generation unit has a different motion mode: power generation unit one is equivalent to an independent-layer triboelectric nanogenerator and a vertical contact-separation triboelectric nanoengine; power generation unit two is equivalent to a horizontal sliding triboelectric nanogenerator and an independent-layer triboelectric nanogenerator; and power generation unit three is equivalent to an independent-layer triboelectric nanogenerator. The three power generation units can move collaboratively and generate electricity independently.

[0047] Example 2;

[0048] Building upon the solution in Example 1, this embodiment also provides a monitoring device that utilizes a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator that harvests fluid energy, as described in Example 1, for self-powered operation. For instance, data acquisition equipment may be deployed in farms, railways, highways, and by meteorological and environmental departments. Many instruments or devices within these devices require power. In traditional solutions, these devices can be powered by batteries, but the limited battery life necessitates regular battery replacements, resulting in significant maintenance costs. To reduce maintenance costs, technicians have also installed solar panels near the equipment; however, the stability of solar power generation is insufficient in extreme environments. The high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator that harvests fluid energy in this embodiment is well-suited for this scenario. This generator can stably generate electricity using abundant fluid energy, thereby powering the data acquisition equipment.

[0049] In this embodiment, most small environmental and meteorological monitoring devices are equipped with a fixed platform, on which the carrier housing 1 of the high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator that harvests fluid energy can be bolted to the surface of the monitoring device. Each monitoring device can be equipped with a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator of different specifications depending on its energy consumption; generally, larger high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerators have higher power output. Alternatively, a miniaturized, fully fluid-harvesting high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator can be used, and multiple omnidirectional wind-harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators can be installed in the same monitoring device. Specifically, in practical applications, the omnidirectional wind-harvesting triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment needs to be installed at a height of more than 1 meter above the ground.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0051] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to these embodiments, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high performance long life frictional nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy, characterized in that It includes a load-bearing housing, an energy harvesting mechanism, a transmission frequency amplification mechanism, a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism, and a group of power generation units; The turbine hub of the energy harvesting mechanism is detachably mounted on the first shaft segment of the transmission shaft of the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism via a fixing ring; the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism and the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism are connected together by inserting the small end segment into the guide hole of the second shaft segment of the transmission shaft; after the transmission frequency enhancement mechanism and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism are connected, they pass through the inner hole of the linear bearing via the large end segments at both ends and the second shaft segment of the transmission shaft; the linear bearing is fixedly mounted on the bearing housing; The energy harvesting mechanism includes a turbine hub, turbine blades, a guide cover, a bolt, a nut, and a retaining ring. The turbine blades are installed in slots in the circumferential direction of the turbine hub and fixed by the bolt and nut. The guide cover is fixedly installed in a slot at the front end of the turbine hub. A blind hole for installing the retaining ring is opened at the center of the rear end of the turbine hub. The bolt, through threaded holes in the circumferential direction of the turbine hub and the circumferential direction of the retaining ring, fixes the turbine hub circumferentially and axially. The energy harvesting mechanism can convert the captured fluid energy into rotational mechanical energy. The transmission frequency amplification mechanism includes a transmission shaft 1, a transmission shaft 2, a transmission shaft 3, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2, and a bevel gear 3. Both ends of the transmission shaft 1 pass through the inner holes of a deep groove ball bearing fixedly mounted on a bearing housing. The ends of the transmission shaft 2 and the flange double-headed shaft pass through the inner holes of a linear bearing fixedly mounted on a bearing housing. The transmission shaft 3 has a central through hole, with both ends coaxially mounted on the outer rings of a deep groove ball bearing, and the inner holes of this pair of deep groove ball bearings are passed through by the transmission shaft 2. The transmission shaft 1 is perpendicular to both the transmission shaft 2 and the transmission shaft 3. The centers of the bevel gears 1, 2, and 3 are respectively provided with through holes for the transmission shafts 1, 2, and 3 to pass through, and the bevel gear 1 meshes with both the bevel gear 2 and the bevel gear 3. The rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism includes a flanged double-ended shaft, a connecting support, a linear motion distance limiting end cap, a pair of repulsive magnets, an externally threaded bearing, and a magnet mounting cover. The flanged double-ended shaft has threaded holes in both its circumferential and end-face directions. The flanged double-ended shaft is inserted into the center hole of the second transmission shaft, and a pair of repulsive magnets is fixedly installed between the end of the flanged double-ended shaft and the bottom of the center hole of the second transmission shaft. The connecting support is divided into upper and lower sections, both of which have threaded through holes in their circumferential directions. The bearing portion of the externally threaded bearing is installed in a guide groove in the circumferential direction of the second transmission shaft, and the external thread... Partially fixed in the threaded through hole of the lower section of the connecting support column; the upper section of the connecting support column is fixedly installed in the circumferential direction of the double-headed shaft of the flange by bolts; the magnet mounting cover is fixedly installed at the end of the stator housing by bolts; the generator unit group is rotatably installed on the double-headed shaft of the flange, and two sets of repulsive magnet pairs are respectively fixedly installed on the generator unit group and the magnet mounting cover, and the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism drives the generator unit group to achieve periodic contact-separation during the rotation process; the linear motion distance limiting end cover is used to limit the axial displacement distance of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism and is fixedly installed on the outside of the bearing box by bolts; The power generation unit group includes a modular rotor, stainless steel sheet one, dielectric film one, dielectric film two, electrode rotor, conductive film one, stainless steel sheet two, stator shell, conductive film two, dielectric film three, rabbit hair, conductive film three, and dielectric film four; the power generation unit group has three power generation units; the modular rotor includes a substrate, a magnet mounting substrate, a rotor module, and an intermediate mounting module; the stator shell is a bottomed cylinder with a central hole at the bottom, and drive shaft two and drive shaft three both pass through the central hole at the bottom of the stator shell, and the stator shell is fixedly installed in the bearing housing; stainless steel sheet one is bent and fixed on the substrate and the magnet mounting substrate as a substrate and a shielding electrode, and conductive film one is attached to the upper surface of the electrode rotor as power generation unit one. Electrodes and dielectric film one are attached to the lower surface of the stainless steel sheet, and dielectric film two is attached to the upper surface of conductive film one, serving as triboelectric material for power generation unit one. The rotor module is fixedly mounted on the substrate and the mounting magnet substrate in the circumferential direction. Stainless steel sheet two is bent and fixedly mounted on the rotor module as the substrate and shielding electrode. Conductive film two is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the stator shell as the electrode and triboelectric material for power generation unit two. Dielectric film three is attached to the outer surface of stainless steel sheet two as the triboelectric material for power generation unit two. Conductive film three is attached to the lower surface of the electrode rotor as the electrode for power generation unit three. Dielectric film four is attached to the upper surface of conductive film three as the triboelectric material for power generation unit three. Rabbit hair is attached to the bottom of the stator shell as the triboelectric material for power generation unit three.

2. A high performance long life frictional nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the load-bearing housing has several through holes, and the side walls have holes for auxiliary fixing of the transmission frequency enhancement structure parts; the load-bearing housing is divided into one large and one small chamber.

3. The high-performance long-life frictional nanogenerator for collecting fluid energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine hub is a two-section stepped shaft. The front section of the hub has a convex mounting groove on its circumference and a U-shaped groove at the bottom that mates with the turbine blade mounting part. The top of the front section of the hub has a U-shaped groove that mates with the bottom mounting part of the guide cover. The rear section of the hub is a hollow shaft with threaded holes on its circumference, which mate with a retaining ring and fix the turbine hub circumferentially and axially. The bottom of the U-shaped groove has a countersunk hole for the nut. The turbine blades extend from their large ends to form mounting parts, which are all fan-shaped and have through holes. The back of the guide cover has a boss with the same shape and size as the groove on the end face of the turbine hub, and a blind hole with the same diameter as the bolt head is opened on the boss.

4. The high-performance long-life frictional nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy according to claim 1, wherein, The first drive shaft is a three-section stepped shaft. The extended portion of the first section of the first drive shaft is connected to the energy harvesting mechanism and is fixedly mounted on the bearing housing through the inner hole of a deep groove ball bearing. The extended portion of the third section of the first drive shaft is fixedly mounted with a bevel gear and is also fixedly mounted on the bearing housing through the inner hole of a deep groove ball bearing. The second drive shaft is a five-section stepped shaft. The first section of the second drive shaft is fixedly mounted on the bearing housing through the inner hole of a linear bearing. The fourth section of the second drive shaft is fixedly mounted with a bevel gear, and the fifth section of the second drive shaft is fixedly mounted with a rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism. The third drive shaft is a four-section stepped shaft. The third drive shaft has a central through hole, and both ends of the central through hole are coaxially mounted on the outer ring of a deep groove ball bearing, and the inner holes of the pair of deep groove ball bearings are passed through by the second drive shaft. The first section of the third drive shaft is fixedly mounted with a bevel gear. The second and third sections of the third drive shaft are used to transition and limit the maximum size of the third drive shaft. The fourth section of the third drive shaft is used to rotatably mount the power generation unit group.

5. The high-performance long-life frictional nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy according to claim 4, wherein, The transmission shaft has a guide groove in the circumferential direction and a guide hole in the center of the end. The rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism is installed in the guide groove and the guide hole, so that when the transmission shaft rotates, it drives the double-headed flange shaft to perform rotary reciprocating linear motion.

6. The high performance long lifetime tribo-nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy of claim 1, wherein, The flange double-headed shaft of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism is divided into a large head section, a flange section, and a small head section. The large end section is mounted on the load-bearing housing via a linear bearing. Symmetrically arranged threaded holes are opened on the circumferential surface and the upper end face of the flange section. The circumferential surface of the flange section is connected to the upper part of the connecting support by bolts. The upper side of the flange section is connected to the modular rotor of the power generation unit group by three bolts, so that the modular rotor and the double-headed shaft of the flange have the same movement mode. A pair of mutually repulsive magnets are fixedly installed between the lower end face of the small end section and the bottom of the guide hole of the second shaft section five of the drive shaft. The small end section can be inserted into the guide hole of the second shaft section five of the drive shaft. Under the mutual repulsion of the magnetic field, the double-headed flange shaft can perform zero-friction reciprocating linear motion along the guide hole of the second shaft section five of the drive shaft.

7. The high-performance long-life frictional nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy according to claim 1, wherein, The linear motion distance limiting end cover installed on the outside of the bearing housing has a nut groove on its front side. The linear displacement distance of the rotary reciprocating linear motion mechanism can be limited by adjusting the number of turns of the bolt into the nut.

8. A high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate and the mounting magnet have narrow, elongated slots on their sides for mounting stainless steel sheet one, and fan-shaped slots in the circumferential direction for mounting the rotor module; the rotor module has narrow slots in the circumferential direction for mounting stainless steel sheet two.

9. The high-performance long-life frictional nanogenerator for harvesting fluid energy according to claim 1, wherein, The upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate mounting module have threaded holes, and the circumferential surface of the intermediate mounting module is evenly distributed with a selectable number of slots. The size and shape of the slots are the same as those of the substrate and the mounting part of the substrate for mounting magnets.

10. A monitoring device, characterized by It uses a high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting fluid energy as described in any one of claims 1-9 for self-powering; wherein the high-performance, long-life triboelectric nanogenerator for collecting fluid energy is set at a height of more than 1 meter above the ground, and the supporting box is fixedly connected to the surface of the monitoring equipment platform by bolts.

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