Soil gathering and seeding mechanism and triangular seeding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil gathering and seeding mechanism and a triangular seeding machine, and belongs to the technical field of seeding machines, the soil gathering and seeding mechanism comprises a rack, and the rack is sequentially provided with a soil leveling device, a compacting device and a ridging device from front to back in the forward direction of the seeding machine; the soil leveling device comprises a soil leveling shaft and soil leveling blades which are continuously and spirally arranged in the axial direction of the soil leveling shaft, and the soil leveling shaft is connected with the driving device; the compaction device comprises a compaction roller, and the compaction roller is rotationally connected with the rack through a roller shaft; and the ridging width of the ridging device does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller. The seeder comprises at least two groups of soil gathering and seeding mechanisms, and the soil leveling devices of every two groups of soil gathering and seeding mechanisms are connected through a driving device. And a soil dividing device is arranged on the front side between every two groups of soil leveling devices. The soil flattening and compacting ridging machine can integrate soil flattening, compacting and ridging, and the soil structure is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seeder technology, specifically to a soil-collecting and seeding mechanism and a triangular seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Mulching technology is widely used in crop cultivation, ensuring crops receive adequate moisture and maintain suitable temperatures for growth by covering the soil with plastic film. With advancements in science and technology, machinery has replaced manual labor in mulching and sowing; seeders capable of fertilizing, soil preparation, and mulching have emerged, reducing agricultural production costs.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN108521914A discloses a fertilizing, sowing, mulching, and soil-covering machine, including: a frame, a ridging plow, a material storage mechanism, a mulch film wheel, a soil leveling component, and a soil-covering and pressing wheel; the frame includes a front beam, a middle beam, and a rear beam; the ridging plow is located below the front beam, the soil-covering and pressing wheel is located on the rear beam, and the mulch film wheel is located on the frame and on the side of the soil-covering and pressing wheel closer to the ridging plow; the soil leveling component is located on the middle beam and on the side of the mulch film wheel away from the soil-covering and pressing wheel; the material storage mechanism is located above the frame via a sliding component, and the material storage mechanism can slide to the side of the ridging plow away from the mulch film wheel or the side of the ridging plow closer to the mulch film wheel via the sliding component.

[0004] However, ridging plows have poor ridging effects, resulting in uneven ridge surfaces, loose soil with large gaps, and poor soil structure, which is not conducive to seed germination. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a soil-gathering and sowing mechanism and a triangular-shaped seeder, which solves the problems of poor ridging effect, uneven ridge surface, loose soil surface with large gaps, and poor soil structure in the existing seeders that are not conducive to seed germination.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a soil-gathering and sowing mechanism, including a frame. The frame is provided with a soil-leveling device, a compaction device, and a ridging device arranged sequentially from front to back in the forward direction of the seeder. The soil-leveling device includes a soil-leveling shaft and soil-leveling blades continuously spirally arranged along the axial direction of the soil-leveling shaft. The soil-leveling shaft is connected to a drive device. The compaction device includes a compaction roller, which is rotatably connected to the frame via a roller shaft. The ridging width of the ridging device does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller.

[0007] Furthermore, the soil leveling device is connected to the frame via a lifting arm, which controls the ground clearance of the soil leveling blades.

[0008] Furthermore, the frame is connected to the traction beam, which is located on the front side of the frame, and the lifting arm is vertically installed on the traction beam; a traction frame is installed on the side of the traction beam facing the ground, and the traction frame is used to connect the power equipment and pull the compaction device and the ridging device to work.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil leveling device includes a leveling beam, with both ends of the leveling shaft mounted on the leveling beam via forks, and the output end of the lifting arm connected to the leveling beam; the leveling beam extends to one side and is provided with a leveling baffle, which covers the top of the leveling blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the compaction roller has multiple pressing protrusions on its surface around the axis of the roller shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the ridging device includes a pair of ridging discs and a furrow opener, the furrow opener being located between the two ridging discs; the two ridging discs are inclined relative to the forward direction of the seeder, the distance between the front ends of the projections of the two ridging discs on the ground is less than the distance between the rear ends; the distance between the rear ends of the two ridging discs does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller.

[0012] Furthermore, a seeding device is connected to the rear side of the frame. The seeding device includes a seed box, a seeder, and a press wheel. The seed box is located above the seeder and the two are connected by a seeding pipe. The press wheel is located behind the seeder. The projection of the press wheel on the ground and the projection of the seeder on the ground are on the same straight line. The seeding device is provided in at least two sets.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure ring is provided on the outer edge of the seeder, the pressure ring is coaxially arranged with the seeder, and the edge of the pressure ring extends beyond the edge of the seeder.

[0014] Furthermore, a fertilization device is provided above the frame. The fertilization device includes a fertilizer box, and a rotating rod is provided at the position of the fertilizer outlet to accelerate the falling of fertilizer. The rotating rod is connected to the sowing device through a transmission assembly.

[0015] This utility model also provides a triangular seeder, including at least two sets of the above-mentioned soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms, and the soil leveling devices of each two sets of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms are connected by a drive device; a soil-separating device is provided on the front side between each two sets of the soil leveling devices, and the soil-separating device flips the soil to the positions of the soil leveling devices on both sides.

[0016] Compared with existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This utility model discloses a soil-gathering and sowing mechanism. By sequentially installing a soil-leveling device, a compaction device, and a ridging device on the seeder, the seeder can integrate soil leveling, compaction, and ridging operations, improving soil gathering efficiency. The soil-leveling device's leveling shaft is connected to a drive mechanism, which drives the leveling blades, which are continuously spirally arranged along the axial direction of the leveling shaft, to rotate. The spiral leveling blades spread the soil evenly from high to low points through rotation, eliminating unevenness on the ridging surface and ensuring a tight fit between the mulch film and the soil during mulching, reducing the risk of film breakage. Moreover, the spiral structure allows for simultaneous soil breaking and leveling, and the spiral curved surface also reduces soil adhesion. The compaction device compacts the soil, eliminating loose gaps on the soil surface, allowing for full contact between the seeds and the soil, ensuring unobstructed water absorption channels for the seeds, and improving the efficiency of water and nutrient absorption required for seed germination. The ridging width of the ridging device does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller, ensuring that the compacted soil is ridged, optimizing the soil structure of the ridging, and improving seed germination efficiency.

[0018] It is obvious that the elements or features described in the above individual embodiments can be used alone or in combination in other embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The dimensions and scales in the accompanying drawings do not represent the actual dimensions and scales of the product. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and some non-essential elements or features have been omitted for clarity.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the triangular seeder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of the triangular seeder in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the bottom structure of the triangular seeder in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0024] 100. Frame; 110. Traction frame; 120. Traction beam; 130. Lifting arm; 200. Soil leveling device; 210. Soil leveling shaft; 220. Soil leveling blades; 230. Soil leveling beam; 240. Soil leveling baffle; 300. Compaction device; 310. Compaction roller; 320. Pressing protrusion; 400. Ridging device; 410. Ridging disc; 420. Furrow opener; 500. Drive device; 600. Seeding device; 610. Seed box; 620. Seeder; 630. Film pressing ring; 640. Pressing wheel; 700. Fertilizer applicator; 710. Fertilizer box; 720. Rotating rod; 730. Transmission assembly; 800. Soil separating device. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can conceive of other ways to implement the present invention based on the preferred embodiments, and such other ways also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-3 This application provides a triangular seeder, including two sets of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms. The leveling devices 200 of each pair of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms are connected via a drive device 500, which drives the leveling devices 200 to operate. A soil-dividing device 800 is provided on the front side between each pair of leveling devices 200. The soil-dividing device 800 consists of two concave circular plates with their front ends close together and their rear ends spaced apart. The soil-dividing device 800 turns the soil towards the leveling devices 200 on both sides, causing the soil to accumulate at the leveling devices 200, creating a certain height difference with the ground. This facilitates the leveling devices 200 in spreading the soil from higher to lower areas, improving leveling efficiency. It is understood that, depending on the actual sowing situation, if the land area is large, the number of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms can be appropriately increased, such as three, four, or even more sets.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the soil-gathering and sowing mechanism includes a frame 100. From front to back, the frame 100 is equipped with a soil leveling device 200, a compaction device 300, and a ridging device 400. This mechanism integrates soil leveling, compaction, and ridging, improving soil gathering efficiency. The soil leveling device 200 includes a leveling shaft 210 and leveling blades 220 continuously spirally arranged along the axial direction of the leveling shaft 210. The leveling shaft 210 is connected to the output end of a drive device 500. The drive device 500 drives the leveling blades 220, which are continuously spirally arranged along the axial direction of the leveling shaft 210, to rotate. The spiral leveling blades 220 spread the soil evenly from high to low by rotating, eliminating unevenness on the ridge surface and ensuring a tight fit between the mulch film and the soil during mulching, reducing the risk of film breakage. Furthermore, the spiral structure of the leveling blades 220 allows for simultaneous soil breaking and leveling, and the spiral surface also reduces soil adhesion. The compaction device 300 includes a compaction roller 310, which is rotatably connected to the frame 100 via a roller shaft. The compaction roller 310 rolls relative to the ground as the seeder moves, compacting the spread soil. Compacting the soil eliminates loose gaps on the soil surface, ensuring full contact between the seeds and the soil, guaranteeing unobstructed water absorption channels, and improving the efficiency of water and nutrient absorption required for seed germination. The ridging width of the ridging device 400 does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller 310, ensuring proper ridging of the compacted soil and optimizing the soil structure of the ridges.

[0028] Furthermore, to improve the flexibility of the soil-collecting and seeding mechanism, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the soil leveling device 200 is connected to the frame 100 via a lifting arm 130, which controls the ground clearance of the leveling blades 220. Specifically, the soil leveling device 200 includes a leveling beam 230, with both ends of the leveling shaft 210 mounted on the leveling beam 230 via forks. The output end of the lifting arm 130 is connected to the leveling beam 230. The lifting arm 130 can be a hydraulic cylinder structure or other mechanical structure capable of length variation. By adjusting the ground clearance of the leveling blades 220 using hydraulic or mechanical devices, the leveling depth and soil spreading thickness can be precisely controlled to adapt to different ridge height requirements. Furthermore, the ground clearance of the spiral leveling blades 220 is adjustable to adapt to different soil types (clay, sand, etc.) and moisture conditions, preventing excessive soil compaction or loosening.

[0029] It should be noted that a leveling baffle 240 extends to one side of the leveling beam 230, covering the area above the leveling blades 220. The leveling baffle 240 serves two purposes: firstly, it blocks the soil agitated by the soil-distributing device 800, preventing excessive soil accumulation and uneven distribution by the leveling blades 220; secondly, it prevents soil from splashing during the distribution process.

[0030] In some embodiments, the frame 100, in addition to supporting the various components, also serves as a carrier for power traction. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the frame 100 is connected to the traction beam 120, which is located at the front of the frame 100 and is parallel or approximately parallel to the ground. The lifting arm 130 is vertically mounted on the traction beam 120, ensuring that the lifting arm 130 extends or retracts towards the ground. A traction frame 110 is mounted on the side of the traction beam 120 facing the ground, i.e., the traction frame 110 is mounted above the traction beam 120. The traction frame 110 is used to connect the power equipment and pull the compaction device 300 and the ridging device 400 to work. That is, the power equipment drives the frame 100 forward through the traction frame 110, causing the compaction roller 310 in the compaction device 300 to roll relative to the ground, the ridging disc 410 of the ridging device 400 to rid, and the furrow opener 420 to furrow.

[0031] Furthermore, the compaction roller 310 has multiple pressing protrusions 320 arranged around the axis of the roller shaft on its roller surface, such as... Figure 3As shown, multiple pressing protrusions 320 are arranged around the roller surface at both ends of the compaction roller 310. The pressing protrusions 320 are toothed or shovel-shaped, and they prevent the compaction roller 310 from slipping during rolling. The ridging device 400 includes a pair of ridging discs 410 and a furrow opener 420. The furrow opener 420 is located between the two ridging discs 410 and can open furrows of consistent depth to ensure that seeds are accurately sown into the predetermined position and to avoid sowing deviation caused by soil displacement. The two ridging discs 410 are inclined relative to the forward direction of the seeder. The distance between the front ends of the projections of the two ridging discs 410 on the ground is smaller than the distance between their rear ends, and the distance between the rear ends of the two ridging discs 410 does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller 310. Therefore, when the seeder moves forward, it can drive the ridging discs 410 to gather soil towards the center to form ridges, which facilitates subsequent mulching and sowing.

[0032] It is understandable that a seeder cannot complete its sowing work without the sowing device 600. In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a seeding device 600 is connected to the rear side of the frame 100. The seeding device 600, located at the rear, allows for a working method where soil is first gathered and covered with film before sowing as the seeder moves forward. The seeding device 600 includes a seed box 610, a seeder 620, and a press wheel 640. The seed box 610 is located above the seeder 620, and the two are connected via a seeding pipe. The press wheel 640 is located behind the seeder 620, and its projection on the ground is aligned with the projection of the seeder 620 on the same straight line. The press wheel 640 compacts the seeds and soil after sowing, preventing seeds from being exposed outside the soil and promoting seed growth. Seeds enter the seeder 620 from the seed box 610 through the seeding pipe and are then sown on the film-covered ridges by the seeder 620. The seeder 620 rotates along its central axis and rolls on the ridges as the seeder moves forward. The sowing device 600 is equipped with two sets. With two sets of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms, the sowing device 600 has a total of four sets, which can meet the sowing requirements of triangular sowing. When the seeder is moving, the seeder 620 can drop seeds at different times, sowing the seeds into the seed furrow in an interlaced manner to form a triangular arrangement, which can meet the agronomic requirements of narrow row dense planting.

[0033] Furthermore, a film-pressing ring 630 is provided on the outer edge of the seeder 620. The film-pressing ring 630 is coaxially arranged with the seeder 620, and its edge extends beyond the edge of the seeder 620. The film-pressing ring 630 can press the edge of the mulch film tightly, allowing the mulch film to be firmly stretched on the surface of the ridge. Increasing the surface tension of the mulch film, and in conjunction with the film-pressing ring 630 to deeply bury the film edge, can improve the wind resistance of the mulch film. The taut mulch film is less likely to billow up and down when subjected to wind, reducing the risk of friction between the film surface and the soil or being torn by sharp objects, thus extending the service life of the mulch film.

[0034] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the soil-collecting and seeding mechanism typically performs fertilization simultaneously during operation. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a fertilization device 700 is installed above the frame 100. The fertilization device 700 includes a fertilizer box 710. A rotating rod 720 is installed in the fertilizer box 710 at the fertilizer outlet position to accelerate fertilizer descent. The rotating rod 720 is connected to the seeding device 600 via a transmission assembly 730. When the seeder 620 of the seeding device 600 rotates, it transmits power to the rotating rod 720 through the transmission assembly 730, causing the rotating rod 720 to rotate. This prevents fertilizer from blocking at the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box 710 and increases the speed of fertilizer descent. The transmission assembly 730 mainly includes a transmission wheel and a transmission belt structure. Specifically, a transmission wheel is installed at one end of the rotating rod 720, a transmission rod is installed at the shaft of the seeder 620, and another transmission wheel is installed on the transmission rod. The two transmission wheels are connected by a transmission belt to achieve power transmission. The rotation of the seeder 620 drives the rotating rod 720, saving power.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] The scope of protection of this utility model is defined only by the claims. Thanks to the teachings of this utility model, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that alternative structures to the disclosed structure can be used as feasible alternative implementations, and that the disclosed implementations can be combined to produce new implementations, which also fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A soil-collecting and seeding mechanism, comprising a frame (100), characterized in that, The frame (100) is provided with a soil leveling device (200), a compaction device (300), and a ridging device (400) in the forward direction of the seeder. The soil leveling device (200) includes a soil leveling shaft (210) and soil leveling blades (220) that are continuously spirally arranged along the axial direction of the soil leveling shaft (210). The soil leveling shaft (210) is connected to the drive device (500). The compaction device (300) includes a compaction roller (310), which is rotatably connected to the frame (100) through a roller shaft. The ridging width of the ridging device (400) does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller (310).

2. A windrower according to claim 1 wherein, The leveling device (200) is connected to the frame (100) via a lifting arm (130), which controls the ground clearance of the leveling blades (220).

3. A windrower according to claim 2, wherein, The frame (100) is connected to the traction beam (120), which is located on the front side of the frame (100). The lifting arm (130) is vertically installed on the traction beam (120). A traction frame (110) is installed on the side of the traction beam (120) facing the ground. The traction frame (110) is used to connect the power equipment and pull the compaction device (300) and the ridging device (400) to work.

4. A windrower according to claim 2 wherein, The leveling device (200) includes a leveling beam (230), and the two ends of the leveling shaft (210) are mounted on the leveling beam (230) via forks. The output end of the lifting arm (130) is connected to the leveling beam (230). The leveling beam (230) extends to one side and is provided with a leveling baffle (240), which covers the leveling blades (220).

5. A windrower according to claim 1 wherein, The compaction roller (310) has multiple compaction protrusions (320) arranged around the axis of the roller shaft on its roller surface.

6. A windrower according to claim 1 wherein, The ridging device (400) includes a pair of ridging discs (410) and a furrow opener (420), the furrow opener (420) being located between the two ridging discs (410); the two ridging discs (410) are inclined relative to the forward direction of the seeder, the front-end distance between the projections of the two ridging discs (410) on the ground is less than the rear-end distance; the rear-end distance between the two ridging discs (410) does not exceed the axial length of the compaction roller (310).

7. A windrower according to claim 1 wherein, The rear side of the frame (100) is connected to a seeding device (600), which includes a seed box (610), a seeder (620), and a press wheel (640). The seed box (610) is located above the seeder (620) and the two are connected by a seeding pipe. The press wheel (640) is located behind the seeder (620). The projection of the press wheel (640) on the ground and the projection of the seeder (620) on the ground are on the same straight line. The seeding device (600) is provided with at least two sets.

8. A windrower according to claim 7, wherein, The outer edge of the seeder (620) is provided with a pressure ring (630), the pressure ring (630) is coaxially arranged with the seeder (620), and the edge of the pressure ring (630) extends beyond the edge of the seeder (620).

9. A windrower according to claim 7 wherein, A fertilization device (700) is provided above the frame (100). The fertilization device (700) includes a fertilizer box (710). A rotating rod (720) for accelerating the falling of fertilizer is provided at the position of the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box (710). The rotating rod (720) is connected to the seeding device (600) through a transmission assembly (730).

10. A delta planter characterized by, It includes at least two sets of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the soil leveling devices (200) of each pair of soil-gathering and sowing mechanisms are connected by a drive device (500); a soil-separating device (800) is provided on the front side between each pair of soil leveling devices (200), and the soil-separating device (800) flips the soil to the positions of the soil leveling devices (200) on both sides.

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