Crushing device for household garbage treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crushing device for household garbage treatment. The crushing device comprises a rack assembly, a driving assembly, a trough assembly and a compaction assembly, the rack assembly is provided with a smashing cavity and smashing rollers arranged in parallel, and efficient shearing is achieved through meshing transmission of straight gears. The driving assembly is in transmission connection with a gear motor and a crushing roller through a belt and has an overload buffering function; the trough assembly and the supporting plate form an anti-splashing fence through the outwards-expanded collecting plate. The compaction assembly drives an upper pressing plate to dynamically compact garbage through an air cylinder. The device solves the problems of low efficiency, material splashing, poor adaptability and the like of traditional crushing equipment, has the advantages of high crushing efficiency, stable operation, simplicity and convenience in maintenance and the like, and is particularly suitable for volume reduction treatment of mixed household garbage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a crushing device, and more particularly to a crushing device for municipal solid waste treatment. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid urbanization and population growth, municipal solid waste disposal has become an urgent environmental problem. Traditional methods of municipal solid waste disposal mainly involve landfill or incineration, but these methods have drawbacks such as large land occupation and serious secondary pollution. In recent years, pulverization and volume reduction technology has gradually gained attention due to its environmentally friendly and efficient characteristics. However, existing pulverization equipment still faces many technical bottlenecks in practical applications: First, pulverization efficiency is low. Traditional pulverizers mostly use single-roller or double-roller structures, resulting in a reduction in processing efficiency of more than 30%. Second, material splashing causes pollution. The fully open design of the pulverization chamber easily causes material splashing during high-speed rotation, which not only pollutes the environment but also increases subsequent cleaning costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies, this utility model provides a pulverizing device for municipal solid waste treatment.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a pulverizing device for municipal solid waste treatment, comprising:

[0005] The frame assembly includes a frame, inside which is a crushing chamber extending along its length. Several crushing rollers are arranged in parallel and rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber. The ends of two adjacent crushing rollers are driven by meshing spur gears. Elevating support legs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame.

[0006] The drive assembly includes a geared motor bracket connected to the side of the frame via one end face, and the geared motor on the geared motor bracket is connected to the first of several crushing rollers via belt drive.

[0007] The feed trough assembly includes a collection plate that extends upward and outward along the two long sides of the frame, and a support plate that is lower than the collection plate that is vertically connected upward to the two short sides of the frame. The support plate and the collection plate form a enclosure above the frame.

[0008] The compaction assembly has an upper pressure plate matched within the vertical channels opened in the two support plates, and the lower projected area of ​​the upper pressure plate covers the upper opening of the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper pressure plate is vertically slidably disposed within the vertical channels opened in the two support plates by means of a cylinder assembly mounted on the frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the axial installation direction of the geared motor in the geared motor bracket is parallel to the crushing roller. The output shaft of the geared motor extends out of the geared motor bracket and is connected to the drive roller. The drive roller is connected to the driven roller connected to the shaft extension end of the first crushing roller extending out of the frame via a belt drive.

[0011] Furthermore, the cylinder assembly includes cylinders disposed on the sides of the two support plates. The piston rod of the cylinder is laterally connected to the pressure plate through a transition plate. The transition plate is vertically movable in the guide groove opened in the support plate.

[0012] This utility model provides a pulverizing device for municipal solid waste treatment, which has the following advantages:

[0013] To address the problem of low crushing efficiency, a multi-roller parallel arrangement design combined with high-hardness alloy steel spur gear meshing transmission is adopted to form an interlaced shearing action, thereby improving processing efficiency and effectively solving the problem of easy material jamming in traditional single / double roller structures.

[0014] To solve the problem of material splashing and contamination, the trough assembly forms a closed enclosure with a 30°-45° outward-expanding collection plate and support plate, which reduces the measured splash rate and eliminates the need for additional dust removal equipment.

[0015] Furthermore, the drive assembly employs belt drive in conjunction with a high-torque geared motor, using an elastic belt to absorb impact loads. Integrating crushing and compaction functions, the volume reduction ratio of crushed waste is approximately 1:5, significantly reducing transportation costs compared to traditional equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a left view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 101, crushing chamber; 102, crushing roller; 103, supporting leg; 104, frame; 201, geared motor; 202, geared motor bracket; 203, driving roller; 204, belt; 205, driven roller; 301, collecting plate; 302, support plate; 3021, vertical channel; 3022, guide channel; 401, upper pressure plate; 402, cylinder; 403, transition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] Figure 1 A waste shredding device for municipal solid waste treatment is shown, comprising:

[0024] The frame assembly includes a horizontally placed frame 104, with raised support legs 103 fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame 104. The raised support legs 103 provide stable support for the frame 104, ensuring that the crushing device remains horizontal during operation. At the same time, it facilitates the collection and storage of crushed domestic waste within the raised support legs 103 (the bottom of the frame 104). The frame has a crushing chamber 101 extending along its length. Several crushing rollers 102 are arranged in parallel and rotatably connected within the crushing chamber 101. In this embodiment, the crushing rollers are fixed with bearing seats at both ends, that is, sealed rolling bearings are installed on the side walls of the frame. The ends of two adjacent crushing rollers 102 are driven by spur gear meshing. Therefore, the frame provides the mounting base for core components such as the crushing chamber 101 and crushing rollers 102. Openings are formed on the upper and lower sides of the frame. Household waste enters the crushing chamber through the upper opening, is crushed by the crushing rollers, and is sent out through the lower opening. It should be noted that in the household waste crushing device, the roller teeth of two adjacent crushing rollers are driven by spur gear meshing. The spur gear meshing ensures that the two roller teeth rotate strictly in opposite directions and synchronously through rigid transmission, so that the spur teeth form an interlaced shearing action. The meshing distance of the spur gears between the two crushing rollers can be appropriately adjusted so that the transmission process itself will not directly affect the core function of waste crushing. In this embodiment, the gear material is selected as high-hardness alloy steel. Furthermore, in other embodiments, a torque limiter or shear pin can be added to the transmission chain to disconnect the power protection gear when overloaded. Of course, in some other embodiments, a coaxial gear can be connected to the crushing roller and installed on the outside of the crushing chamber, and the roller teeth can be connected by a long shaft. This is convenient for maintenance, but the axial length is increased, making the overall size of the machine larger.

[0025] The drive assembly includes a geared motor bracket 202 connected to the side of the frame 104 via one end face. A geared motor 201 on the geared motor bracket 202 is connected to the first crushing roller 102 among several crushing rollers 102 via belt drive. The axial installation direction of the geared motor 201 within the geared motor bracket 202 is parallel to the crushing roller 102. The output shaft of the geared motor 201 extends out of the geared motor bracket 202 and is connected to a drive roller 203. The drive roller 203 is connected to a driven roller 205 connected to the shaft extension end of the first crushing roller 102 extending out of the frame 104 via belt drive 204. When the drive assembly is working, the geared motor 201 drives the active roller 203 to rotate through the output shaft parallel to the crushing roller 102, and transmits the power to the driven roller 205 on the first crushing roller 102 via the belt 204, thereby driving the crushing roller group to operate; adjacent crushing rollers achieve synchronous rotation through spur gear meshing. The belt drive design can effectively transmit torque and has an overload buffer function. The entire transmission system ensures the synchronization accuracy of the crushing rollers while absorbing impact loads through the elastic belt, ensuring stable operation of the equipment. Note that the geared motor 201 is a motor with high torque output.

[0026] The feed trough assembly includes collection plates 301 that extend upwards and outwards from the two long sides of the frame 104. Support plates 302, lower in height than the collection plates 301, are vertically connected upwards from the two short sides of the frame 104. The support plates 302 and collection plates 301 form a barrier above the frame 104. The collection plates 301 are symmetrically arranged at the long sides of the frame 104 and extend upwards and outwards at 30°-45°, forming a feeding barrier space 403 together with the support plates 302. This space guides waste to fall into the crushing chamber 101 to prevent splashing, and the outward expansion structure catches materials rebounding during crushing, allowing them to re-enter the crushing area. The inclined plate surface facilitates operator observation of the crushing process and aids in cleaning residues. The cylinder assembly includes cylinders 402 located beside the two support plates 302. The piston rods of the cylinders 402 are laterally connected to the upper pressure plate 401 via a transition plate 403. The transition plate 403 is vertically movable within a guide groove 3022 provided in the support plate 302.

[0027] The compaction assembly includes an upper pressure plate 401 fitted within vertical channels 3021 of the two support plates 302. The lower projected area of ​​the upper pressure plate 401 covers the upper opening of the frame 104. The upper pressure plate 401 is vertically slidably mounted within the vertical channels 3021 of the two support plates 302 via a cylinder assembly mounted on the frame 104. The cylinder assembly 502 drives the upper pressure plate 501 to slide up and down along the vertical channels 3021 of the support plates 302, dynamically pressing down the waste material during the crushing process to increase the engagement density of the crushing rollers 102 and prevent lightweight materials from splashing or jamming. The displacement distance of the cylinder assembly 502 can be dynamically adjusted according to the type of municipal solid waste.

[0028] The waste pulverizing device provided in this embodiment has the following significant advantages: The stable structure with raised support legs in the frame assembly and the parallel-arranged pulverizing rollers in the pulverizing chamber (using high-hardness alloy steel spur gear meshing transmission) achieve highly efficient shearing and pulverizing effects. Simultaneously, the drive assembly uses belt drive with a high-torque reduction motor, ensuring stable power output and providing overload protection. The trough assembly forms an intelligent enclosure space with a 30°-45° outward-expanding collection plate and support plate, effectively guiding materials and preventing splashing. The innovative compaction assembly uses a cylinder to drive the upper pressure plate to dynamically adjust the downward pressure, improving pulverizing efficiency and adapting to the needs of different types of waste. The overall design ensures processing efficiency while also considering maintenance convenience and operational safety.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] like Figure 2-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a shredding device for municipal solid waste treatment. The main difference between this device and Embodiment 1 is that the cylinder assembly is omitted, making it suitable for scenarios where compaction is not required. Specifically, it includes the following components:

[0031] The frame assembly includes a frame 104, inside which is a crushing chamber 101 extending along its length. Several crushing rollers 102 are arranged in parallel and rotatably connected within the crushing chamber. The ends of two adjacent crushing rollers 102 are driven by meshing spur gears to achieve synchronous reverse rotation. Elevated support legs 103 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame to provide stable support and adapt to different ground conditions.

[0032] The drive assembly includes a geared motor bracket 202 connected to the side of the frame 104 via one end face. A geared motor 201 on the geared motor bracket is connected to the first of several crushing rollers 102 via belt drive. The axial installation direction of the geared motor 201 is parallel to the crushing roller 102. Its output shaft extends out of the shaft extension end of the geared motor bracket 202 and connects to the drive roller 203. The drive roller is connected to the driven roller 205, which is connected to the shaft extension end of the first crushing roller extending out of the frame, via belt drive 204, thus realizing power transmission.

[0033] The feed trough assembly includes collection plates 301 that extend upward and outward from the two long sides of the frame, and support plates 302 that are vertically connected upward from the two short sides of the frame. The support plates are lower than the collection plates, and together they form a barrier structure above the frame to guide waste into the crushing chamber and prevent splashing.

[0034] The compaction component has vertical channels formed in the support plate 302, and an upper pressure plate 401 is matched thereto. The lower projected area of ​​the upper pressure plate covers the upper opening of the frame. In this embodiment, the upper pressure plate can be controlled manually or by other simple mechanical structures, which is suitable for scenarios that do not require automatic compaction.

[0035] This embodiment simplifies the compaction components, reducing equipment complexity and making it suitable for municipal solid waste treatment scenarios with low compaction requirements, while retaining efficient crushing functionality and a stable structural design.

[0036] The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. The present invention is not limited to the examples above. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention are also within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described above can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Claims

1. A pulverizing device for municipal solid waste treatment, characterized in that, include: The frame assembly includes a frame (104), inside which is a crushing chamber (101) extending along its length. Several crushing rollers (102) are arranged in parallel and rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber (101). The ends of two adjacent crushing rollers (102) are driven by meshing spur gears. The bottom of the frame (104) is fixedly connected to a raised support leg (103). The drive assembly includes a geared motor bracket (202) connected to the side of the frame (104) via one end face, and the geared motor (201) on the geared motor bracket (202) is connected to the first of a plurality of crushing rollers (102) via belt drive; The material trough assembly includes a collection plate (301) that extends upward and outward from the two long sides of the frame (104), and a support plate (302) that is lower than the collection plate (301) is vertically connected to the two short sides of the frame (104). The support plate (302) and the collection plate (301) form a enclosure above the frame (104). The compaction assembly has an upper pressure plate (401) matched in the vertical channels opened in the two support plates (302), and the lower projected area of ​​the upper pressure plate (401) covers the upper opening of the frame (104).

2. The pulverizing device for processing household waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure plate (401) is vertically slidably disposed in the vertical channels (3021) opened in the two support plates (302) by means of a cylinder assembly mounted on the frame (104).

3. The pulverizing device for processing household waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial installation direction of the geared motor (201) in the geared motor bracket (202) is parallel to that of the crushing roller (102). The output shaft of the geared motor (201) extends out of the geared motor bracket (202) and is connected to the drive roller (203). The drive roller (203) is connected to the driven roller (205) that extends out of the frame (104) via a belt (204).

4. The pulverizing device for processing household waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder assembly includes cylinders (402) disposed on the sides of two support plates (302). The piston rod of the cylinder (402) is laterally connected to the pressure plate (401) through a transition plate (403). The transition plate (403) is vertically movably disposed in the guide groove (3022) opened in the support plate (302).

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