Vertical vibration reduction support adopting composite elastic cushion layer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical vibration reduction support adopting a composite elastic cushion layer, which comprises a base plate, a lower seat plate is arranged in the base plate, a middle seat plate is arranged on the lower seat plate, an upper seat plate is arranged on the middle seat plate, a round-head long bolt is arranged at the lower end of the lower seat plate, and a round-head long bolt is arranged at the lower end of the round-head long bolt. An elastic washer and a composite elastic cushion layer are arranged between the lower seat plate and the base plate, the round head long bolt elastic washer and the composite elastic cushion layer realize vertical vibration reduction and energy consumption of the support, the composite elastic cushion layer consists of dry coarse sand grains and rubber grains, and the composite elastic cushion layer is filled between the lower seat plate and the base plate. Vibration reduction and energy consumption of the vertical vibration reduction support are achieved through the composite elastic cushion layer, high-frequency vibration mechanical energy of the support is converted into heat energy, the energy consumption efficiency is high, the working temperature range is wide, the adaptive capacity is high, the manufacturing cost is low, and maintenance is easy. And the vibration amplitude and duration of the support and the lower structure under the action of the vertical dynamic load of the train can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bridge engineering technology, specifically relating to a vertical vibration damping support using a composite elastic pad. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the rapid development of high-speed rail has significantly accelerated the modernization of China's railway system, bringing people fast, convenient, safe, and comfortable travel. However, railway vibrations also impact the lives of residents along the lines. When trains run on high-speed railway bridges, internal excitations such as track irregularities and wheel-rail serpentine patterns cause vibrations in the evacuation system. These vibrations in the bridge superstructure are transmitted through the bridge supports to the piers, and then from the pier foundations to the surrounding environment, affecting the surrounding environment and buildings. This long-term, invisible vibration has a significant impact on cultural relics, historical sites, and precision equipment sensitive to micro-vibrations.

[0003] In recent years, most research in bridge engineering has focused on the structural and functional optimization of seismic isolation bearings, with the aim of reducing the internal force response of bridge piers and foundations under seismic loading. However, research on vertical vibration isolation bearing technology specifically designed for the vertical dynamic loads of high-speed trains is relatively limited, and it suffers from the following main problems:

[0004] 1. Currently, vibration damping bearings primarily reduce the vibration response of the substructure by providing appropriate vertical stiffness. However, most products lack effective damping and energy dissipation devices, resulting in prolonged vibration duration for both the bearing and the substructure. Especially during periods of intensive train operation, the environmental impact of train vibration can persist for extended periods and lead to fatigue issues in the bearing's metal components.

[0005] 2. Currently, some bearings use high-damping rubber materials or liquid viscous damping devices to provide damping force. However, rubber materials are prone to aging, while liquid viscous damping devices provide viscous damping within a specific frequency range (…). ,in ω The frequency of vibration under external load. ω n The natural frequency of the support body is ), and the force transmission rate will actually increase.

[0006] 3. Most damping energy dissipation devices have complex structures, high costs, and difficulties in maintenance and upkeep, such as magnetorheological dampers and viscous damping devices. For vibration reduction bearings, which are widely used in bridge engineering, the high maintenance and upkeep costs are a major obstacle to their large-scale application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This utility model is proposed to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and its purpose is to provide a vertical vibration damping support using a composite elastic pad.

[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is: a vertical vibration damping support using a composite elastic pad, including a base plate, a lower base plate provided in the base plate, a middle base plate provided on the lower base plate, an upper base plate provided on the middle base plate, a round-headed long bolt provided at the lower end of the lower base plate, and an elastic washer and a composite elastic pad provided between the lower base plate and the base plate. The round-headed long bolt, the elastic washer, and the composite elastic pad achieve vertical vibration damping and energy dissipation of the support.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite elastic pad is composed of dry coarse sand particles and rubber particles, and the composite elastic pad is filled between the lower seat plate and the base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the round-headed long bolt is inserted into the composite elastic pad. Under the action of vertical dynamic load, the round-headed long bolt and the composite elastic pad rub against each other to dissipate energy. At the same time, the round-headed long bolt loosens the composite elastic pad and increases its elasticity.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic washer is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the base plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the lower seat plate is also provided with an anti-wear coating to increase the wear resistance of the lower end of the lower seat plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a guide friction pair is provided between the side wall of the lower seat plate and the inner wall of the base plate, and the horizontal force of the support is realized through the guide friction pair.

[0014] Furthermore, a spherical friction pair is provided between the top of the lower seat plate and the bottom of the middle seat plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a planar friction pair is provided between the top of the middle seat plate and the bottom of the upper seat plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] The main structure of this utility model adopts an all-metal material design, overcoming the problem of easy aging of current rubber vibration damping bearings. By using frictional energy dissipation, the amplitude and duration of the bearing's vibration response are reduced, avoiding fatigue cracking and other defects in metal components.

[0018] This novel composite elastic pad is composed of coarse sand particles and rubber particles, with the volume content of the rubber particles controlled within the range of 20% to 50%. The rubber particles increase the elastic deformation capacity of the pad, while their elastic deformation prevents the coarse sand pad from hardening. The gaps and friction between the coarse sand particles ensure that the pad has sufficient vertical deformation and frictional energy dissipation capacity.

[0019] This utility model provides stable vertical support for the upper structure of the support through the constraint steel ring and the elastic pad layer. The constraint steel ring and the elastic pad above it can prevent permanent deformation of the support base plate due to uneven verticality, thus achieving the effect of leveling the support. At the same time, it can provide radial constraint for the internal composite elastic pad layer.

[0020] Under the action of additional vertical dynamic load on the train, the elastic pad layer undergoes vertical deformation. The vibration reduction requirements of the support under different frequency inputs can be achieved by changing the thickness of the composite elastic pad layer, the roughness of the sand particles, and the ratio of coarse sand to rubber particles.

[0021] This invention features a round-headed long bolt at the bottom of the lower seat plate. The round-headed long bolt interacts vertically with the composite elastic pad, which can loosen the coarse sand pad and improve its elasticity. It can also convert some of the vibration mechanical energy into frictional energy. At the same time, the round-headed long bolt acts similarly to the pile foundation of a building structure, providing stable support for the upper structure.

[0022] This utility model uses a composite elastic pad to achieve vibration reduction and energy dissipation of the vertical vibration damping support, converting the high-frequency vibration mechanical energy of the support into heat energy. It has high energy dissipation efficiency, wide operating temperature range, strong adaptability, low cost, and easy maintenance. It can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude and duration of the support and substructure under the vertical dynamic load of the train. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical vibration damping support in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the constraint steel ring in this utility model;

[0025] In the figure, 1. Upper seat plate, 2. Middle seat plate, 3. Lower seat plate, 4. Base plate, 5. Planar friction pair, 6. Spherical friction pair, 7. Anti-wear coating, 8. Constraint steel ring, 9. Elastic washer, 10. Guide friction pair, 11. Composite elastic pad, 12. Round head long bolt, 13. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, a vertical vibration damping support using a composite elastic pad includes a base plate 4, a lower base plate 3 disposed in the base plate 4, a middle base plate 2 disposed on the lower base plate 3, an upper base plate 1 disposed on the middle base plate 2, a round-headed long bolt 12 disposed at the lower end of the lower base plate 3, and an elastic washer 9 and a composite elastic pad 11 disposed between the lower base plate 3 and the base plate 4. The round-headed long bolt 12, the elastic washer 9, and the composite elastic pad 11 achieve vertical vibration damping and energy dissipation of the support.

[0028] The composite elastic pad 11 is composed of dry coarse sand and rubber particles, and is filled between the lower seat plate 3 and the base plate 4.

[0029] The round-headed long bolt 12 is inserted into the composite elastic pad 11. Under the action of vertical dynamic load, the round-headed long bolt 12 and the composite elastic pad 11 rub against each other to dissipate energy. At the same time, the round-headed long bolt 12 loosens the composite elastic pad 11 and increases the elasticity of the composite elastic pad 11.

[0030] The elastic washer 9 is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the base plate 4.

[0031] The lower end of the lower seat plate 3 is also provided with an anti-wear coating 7 to increase the wear resistance of the lower end of the lower seat plate 3.

[0032] A guide friction pair 10 is provided between the side wall of the lower seat plate 3 and the inner wall of the base plate 4, and the horizontal force of the support is achieved through the guide friction pair 10.

[0033] A spherical friction pair 6 is provided between the top of the lower seat plate 3 and the bottom of the middle seat plate 2.

[0034] A planar friction pair 5 is provided between the top of the middle seat plate 2 and the bottom of the upper seat plate 1.

[0035] Specifically, the lower seat plate 3 is stepped, and a guide friction pair 10 is provided between the outer wall of the large diameter section of the lower seat plate 3 and the inner wall of the base plate 4. The upper end of the small diameter section of the lower seat plate 3 forms a spherical surface, and a spherical friction pair 6 is provided between the spherical surface and the middle seat plate 2.

[0036] Specifically, the planar friction pair 5 and the spherical friction pair 6 jointly undertake the functions of vertical bearing, horizontal sliding and vertical rotation of the support.

[0037] Specifically, the composite elastic pad 11 is composed of dry coarse sand particles and rubber particles. The purpose of using rubber particles is to increase the elastic deformation capacity of the pad and prevent the coarse sand pad from hardening. The purpose of using coarse sand particles is to exert their elastic support function, while utilizing the mutual friction between the sand particles to achieve an energy dissipation effect.

[0038] Specifically, the round-headed long bolt 12 is inserted into the composite elastic pad 12, and the round-headed long bolt 12 also serves to provide stable support for the upper structure.

[0039] Specifically, the constraint steel ring 8 is made of spring steel with high deformation capacity. The constraint steel ring 8 radially constrains the composite elastic pad 11 inside, ensuring that the composite elastic pad 11 is under triaxial compression and has sufficient deformation recovery capacity.

[0040] At the same time, the restraint steel ring 8 prevents the lower bearing plate 3 from undergoing permanent uneven vertical deformation, thus realizing the function of self-leveling of the bearing.

[0041] An elastic washer 9 is provided between the constraint steel ring 8 and the lower seat plate 3 to prevent hard contact between the lower seat plate 3 and the constraint steel ring 8, while ensuring that the lower seat plate 3 has a certain vertical displacement capacity.

[0042] Specifically, a sealing ring 13 is provided between the elastic washer 9 and the guide friction pair 10 to prevent external dust and rainwater from entering the bearing and improve the service life of the bearing.

[0043] This invention utilizes a composite elastic pad 11 to achieve vertical vibration isolation performance of the bearing, while the energy dissipation effect of the bearing is achieved by the round-headed long bolt 12 and the composite elastic pad 11. The composite elastic pad 11 is composed of dry coarse sand particles and rubber particles. The elastic deformation capability of the composite elastic pad 11 is ensured by the constraint steel ring 8, the round-headed long bolt 12, and the rubber particle component in the composite elastic pad 11. Designers can achieve the bearing vibration reduction requirements under different frequency inputs by changing the thickness of the composite elastic pad 11, the roughness of the sand particles, and the ratio of coarse sand to rubber particles.

[0044] This utility model utilizes the mutual friction between coarse sand particles in the composite elastic pad 11 to achieve the main energy dissipation effect of the support. At the same time, the mutual friction between the round-headed long bolt 12 and the coarse sand particles further increases the energy dissipation capacity of the support, converting the vibration mechanical energy of the support into frictional heat energy.

[0045] Under the vertical vibration load of a train, the lower seat plate 3 undergoes vertical displacement, and the composite elastic pad 11 at its bottom provides vertical elastic support for the support. A certain number of round-headed long bolts 12 are installed at the bottom of the lower seat plate 3. Under the vertical dynamic load, the round-headed long bolts 12 interact vertically with the composite elastic pad 11, loosening the pad and improving its elasticity. Simultaneously, some of the vibrational mechanical energy is converted into frictional energy. A constraint steel ring 8 is installed at the lower part of the lower seat plate 3, radially constraining the internal composite elastic pad 11 to ensure it is under triaxial compression and has sufficient deformation recovery capacity. The elastic washer 9 and the constraint steel ring 8 prevent permanent uneven vertical deformation of the support under continuous train load.

[0046] This utility model has a wide operating temperature range, strong adaptability, low cost and simple maintenance. It can effectively reduce the vibration duration and response amplitude of bridge bearings under vertical dynamic loads, reduce the impact of high-speed train operation on the surrounding environment, and conform to the sustainable development of national high-speed railways.

Claims

1. A vertical vibration damping support using a composite elastic pad, comprising a base plate (4), wherein a lower base plate (3) is disposed in the base plate (4), a middle base plate (2) is disposed on the lower base plate (3), and an upper base plate (1) is disposed on the middle base plate (2), characterized in that: The lower end of the lower base plate (3) is provided with a round-headed long bolt (12), and an elastic washer (9) and a composite elastic pad (11) are provided between the lower base plate (3) and the base plate (4). The round-headed long bolt (12), the elastic washer (9), and the composite elastic pad (11) realize the vertical vibration reduction and energy dissipation of the support.

2. A vertically damping support with a composite elastic pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite elastic pad (11) is composed of dry coarse sand and rubber particles, and is filled between the lower seat plate (3) and the base plate (4).

3. A vertically damping bearing with a composite elastic pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: The round-headed long bolt (12) is inserted into the composite elastic pad (11). Under the action of vertical dynamic load, the round-headed long bolt (12) and the composite elastic pad (11) rub against each other to dissipate energy. At the same time, the round-headed long bolt (12) loosens the composite elastic pad (11) and increases the elasticity of the composite elastic pad (11).

4. The vertically damping bearing with a composite elastic pad according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic washer (9) is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the base plate (4).

5. The vertically aligned vibration isolation mount of claim 3, wherein: The lower end of the lower seat plate (3) is also provided with an anti-wear coating (7) to increase the wear resistance of the lower end of the lower seat plate (3).

6. The vertically vibrating isolation mount with a composite elastic pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide friction pair (10) is provided between the side wall of the lower seat plate (3) and the inner wall of the base plate (4), and the horizontal force of the support is realized through the guide friction pair (10).

7. The vertically aligned vibration isolation mount of claim 1, wherein: A spherical friction pair (6) is provided between the top of the lower seat plate (3) and the bottom of the middle seat plate (2).

8. The vertically aligned vibration isolation mount of claim 1, wherein: A planar friction pair (5) is provided between the top of the middle seat plate (2) and the bottom of the upper seat plate (1).

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