Composite force control type double-channel pressure relief railway tank car manhole cover assembly

Abstract

The utility model provides a composite force control type double-channel pressure relief railway tank car manhole cover assembly which is applied to a tank car and comprises a composite force control safety valve, a manhole cover and a manhole seat. The composite force control safety valve is arranged in the center of the top of the manhole cover through a flange connecting base and is of a double-channel pressure relief structure, a main pressure relief channel is connected with an auxiliary pressure relief channel formed by an anti-explosion piece welded to the side wall of a valve body in parallel, and double pressure relief protection is achieved. The manhole cover is movably connected with the manhole seat through a hinge connecting device; the manhole base is welded and fixed to the top of the tank car, the manhole base and the manhole cover form a sealed inner cavity, and locking and unlocking are achieved through the multiple sets of spiral handles and the sinking groove bolt bases. The safety valve is controlled by composite force, basic pre-tightening force is provided by pre-compression of the adjusting screw, and constant gravity compensation force is provided by adjusting the counterweight unit. Double pressure relief protection is further arranged, the main pressure relief channel and the auxiliary pressure relief channel are connected in parallel, and the stability and safety of the tank car are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of manhole pressure relief technology, and in particular to a composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief railway tank car manhole cover assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, some railway freight car manhole covers do not integrate pressure relief devices, and the steam pressure fluctuations inside the tank depend entirely on the strength of the tank body. Although some improved manhole covers have added spring-type safety valves, their pressure relief thresholds are significantly affected by the temperature sensitivity of the spring stiffness, which cannot meet the stability requirements of cross-latitude transportation. Moreover, the pressure relief devices are singular, posing safety hazards when encountering extreme working conditions.

[0003] While some improved manhole covers are equipped with spring-loaded safety valves, their pressure relief thresholds are significantly affected by the temperature sensitivity of the spring stiffness. For example, changes in diurnal temperature range may cause them to fail to meet the stability requirements for cross-latitude transportation (operating conditions ranging from -40℃ to +50℃). Emergency pressure relief capacity is also insufficient: existing single-channel pressure relief devices cannot cope with sudden pressure increases, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief manhole cover assembly for railway tank cars is provided. This invention primarily utilizes a composite force-controlled safety valve, providing a basic pre-tightening force through adjusting the screw pre-compression and a constant gravity compensation force through adjusting the counterweight unit. This invention also incorporates dual pressure relief protection, with the main and auxiliary pressure relief channels connected in parallel, improving the stability and safety of the tank car.

[0005] The technical means adopted in this utility model are as follows:

[0006] A composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief manhole cover assembly for railway tank cars, used on tank cars, includes: a composite force-controlled safety valve, a manhole cover, and a manhole seat, wherein:

[0007] The composite force-controlled safety valve is installed at the center of the top of the manhole cover via a flange connection seat. The composite force-controlled safety valve has a dual-channel pressure relief structure, with the main pressure relief channel connected in parallel with the secondary pressure relief channel formed by the explosion-proof plate welded to the side wall of the valve body, thus achieving dual pressure relief protection.

[0008] The manhole cover is movably connected to the manhole seat via a hinge connection device; the manhole seat is welded and fixed to the top of the tanker, forming a sealed inner cavity with the manhole cover, and is locked and unlocked by multiple sets of spiral handles and sinker bolt seats.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite force-controlled safety valve includes: a valve body, a main pressure relief channel, a valve core, a valve cover, a spring seat, a valve stem, a helical spring, a counterweight, an adjusting screw, and an explosion-proof plate, wherein:

[0010] The valve body is fixed to the flange connection seat by flange bolts. The valve core has a tapered end and is located inside the valve body, coaxial with the valve body. The valve core is rigidly connected to the spring seat through the valve stem. The spring is sleeved around the valve stem and pre-pressed between the spring seat and the valve cover. A counterweight is provided at the top of the valve stem. The counterweight is a stepped weight used to adjust the gravity compensation amount. The adjusting screw is located at the top of the valve stem and is used to adjust the preload of the helical spring.

[0011] When the internal pressure of the tank truck reaches the first threshold, the valve core controlled by the elastic force rises, and the main pressure relief channel connects with the sealed inner cavity to achieve pressure relief; when the internal pressure of the tank truck reaches the second threshold, the explosion-proof plate ruptures to form a secondary pressure relief channel, which is connected in parallel with the main pressure relief channel to achieve dual-channel pressure relief.

[0012] Further, the hinge connection device includes: an upper hinge seat, a lower hinge seat, a hinge connecting rod, and a wedge-shaped stop, wherein:

[0013] The upper hinge seat is fixed to the manhole cover, and the lower hinge seat is fixed to the manhole seat. The upper hinge seat and the lower hinge seat are matched and rotatably connected by a hinge connecting rod. The wedge-shaped stop is set on the upper hinge seat to limit the opening of the manhole cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the manhole seat is also provided with a fixed seat and a fixed rod. One end of the fixed rod is rotatably connected to the fixed seat, and the other end is connected to a screw handle. The screw handle is matched with the countersunk bolt seat set on the manhole cover and tightened to lock the manhole cover and the manhole seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the manhole cover is also equipped with a handle for opening the manhole cover after pressure is released.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief railway tank car manhole cover assembly provided by this utility model, with its innovative structure of composite force-controlled safety valve and dual-mode pressure relief system, achieves multiple safety protections for railway tank car pressure vessels: the innovative combination of composite force-controlled safety valve improves pressure control accuracy, and the synergistic effect of helical spring and counterweight overcomes the defects of traditional single force source devices. By adjusting the screw, the linear superposition of spring preload and weight is achieved, which is more conducive to controlling the opening pressure error of the safety valve and reducing the temperature sensitivity of conventional spring-type safety valves.

[0018] The dual-channel pressure relief system in this invention forms a pressure gradient protection through the coordinated work of the main pressure relief channel and the explosion-proof plate. When the pressure inside the tank reaches 90% of the set value, the main channel opens to relieve pressure. When the pressure rises sharply to more than 120%, the explosion-proof plate ruptures instantaneously to achieve emergency pressure relief, which improves the response speed compared to a single pressure relief structure.

[0019] Based on the above reasons, this utility model can be widely promoted in fields such as manhole pressure relief. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief manhole cover assembly for railway tank cars of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composite force-controlled safety valve structure in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the manhole cover structure in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the manhole seat structure in this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Composite force-controlled safety valve; 2. Manhole cover; 3. Hinge connecting rod; 4. Manhole seat; 5. Flange connecting seat; 6. Wedge stop; 7. Upper hinge seat; 8. Countersunk bolt seat; 9. Handle; 10. Screw handle; 11. Lower hinge seat; 12. Fixing seat; 13. Fixing rod; 101. Valve body; 102. Main pressure relief channel; 103. Valve core; 104. Valve cover; 105. Spring seat; 106. Valve stem; 107. Helical spring; 108. Counterweight; 109. Adjusting screw; 110. Explosion-proof plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this utility model or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0031] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief manhole cover assembly for railway tank cars, applied to tank cars, including: a composite force-controlled safety valve 1, a manhole cover 2, and a manhole seat 4, wherein:

[0034] The composite force-controlled safety valve 1 is installed at the top center of the manhole cover 2 via the flange connection seat 5. The composite force-controlled safety valve 1 has a dual-channel pressure relief structure. The main pressure relief channel 102 is connected in parallel with the secondary pressure relief channel formed by the explosion-proof plate 110 welded to the side wall of the valve body 101, so as to achieve dual pressure relief protection.

[0035] The manhole cover 2 is movably connected to the manhole seat 4 via a hinge connection device; the manhole seat 4 is welded and fixed to the top of the tank truck, forming a sealed inner cavity with the manhole cover 2, and is locked and unlocked by multiple sets of spiral handles 10 and sinker bolt seats 8.

[0036] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the composite force-controlled safety valve 1 includes: a valve body 101, a main pressure relief channel 102, a valve core 103, a valve cover 104, a spring seat 105, a valve stem 106, a helical spring 107, a counterweight 108, an adjusting screw 109, and an explosion-proof plate 110, wherein:

[0037] The valve body 101 is fixed in the flange connection seat 5 by flange bolts. The valve core 103 has a tapered end and is located inside the valve body 101, coaxial with the valve body 101. The valve core 103 is rigidly connected to the spring seat 105 through the valve stem 106. The spring 107 is sleeved around the valve stem 106 and pre-pressed between the spring seat 105 and the valve cover 104. The top of the valve stem 106 is provided with a counterweight 108, which is a stepped weight used to adjust the amount of gravity compensation. The adjusting screw 109 is located on the top of the valve stem 106 and is used to adjust the preload of the helical spring 107.

[0038] When the internal pressure of the tank truck reaches the first threshold, the valve core 103 controlled by the elastic force rises, and the main pressure relief channel 102 connects with the sealed inner cavity to achieve pressure relief; when the internal pressure of the tank truck reaches the second threshold, the explosion-proof plate 110 ruptures to form a secondary pressure relief channel, which is connected in parallel with the main pressure relief channel 102 to achieve dual-channel pressure relief.

[0039] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the hinge connection device includes: an upper hinge seat 7, a lower hinge seat 11, a hinge connecting rod 3, and a wedge-shaped stop 6, wherein:

[0040] The upper hinge seat 7 is fixed on the manhole cover 2, and the lower hinge seat 11 is fixed on the manhole seat 4. The upper hinge seat 7 and the lower hinge seat 11 are matched and rotatably connected by the hinge connecting rod 3. The wedge-shaped stop 6 is set on the upper hinge seat 7 to realize the opening limit of the manhole cover 2.

[0041] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the manhole seat 4 is also provided with a fixed seat 12 and a fixed rod 13. One end of the fixed rod 13 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 12, and the other end is connected to a screw handle 10. The screw handle 10 is matched with the countersunk bolt seat 8 provided on the manhole cover 2 and tightened to achieve locking of the manhole cover 2 and the manhole seat 4.

[0042] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the manhole cover 2 is also provided with a handle 9 for opening the manhole cover 2 after pressure is released.

[0043] Example

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a composite force-controlled dual-channel pressure relief manhole cover assembly for railway tank cars. In practical applications, this utility model achieves temperature compensation through the helical spring 107 and counterweight 108 in the composite force-controlled safety valve 1, provides a constant gravity compensation force through a standard mass block, and achieves composite adjustment of spring preload and weight force by combining the adjusting screw 109. In addition, a dual-mode pressure relief system is adopted during pressure relief, combining the main pressure relief channel 102 with the explosion-proof plate 110 to control pressure error.

[0045] The dual-mode pressure relief system forms a pressure gradient protection through the coordinated work of the main pressure relief channel 102 and the explosion-proof plate 110. When the pressure inside the tank reaches 90% of the set value, the main channel opens to relieve pressure. When the pressure rises sharply to more than 120% of the set value, the explosion-proof plate ruptures instantly to achieve emergency pressure relief, which improves the response speed compared to the single pressure relief structure.

[0046] This invention can also be applied to various pressure vessels, chemical equipment, energy equipment, transportation vehicles, and other devices that may require similar safety valves and sealing structures. For example, in an LNG storage tank emergency relief system, the composite force-controlled safety valve 1 is transplanted to the tank dome. Utilizing the constant gravity compensation characteristics of the weight 108, the pressure control inaccuracy problem caused by the stiffness variation of the helical spring 107 under cryogenic conditions is solved. The pre-cracked guide groove design of the explosion-proof disc 110 can be adapted to the pressure fluctuation protection of the evaporative gas recovery system.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A composite force control type double-channel pressure relief railway tank car manhole cover assembly applied to a tank car, characterized in that, include: The composite force-controlled safety valve (1), manhole cover (2), and manhole seat (4) are as follows: The composite force-controlled safety valve (1) is installed at the top center of the manhole cover (2) through the flange connection seat (5). The composite force-controlled safety valve (1) has a dual-channel pressure relief structure. The main pressure relief channel (102) and the secondary pressure relief channel formed by the explosion-proof plate (110) welded on the side wall of the valve body (101) are connected in parallel to achieve dual pressure relief protection. The manhole cover (2) is movably connected to the manhole seat (4) via a hinge connection device; the manhole seat (4) is welded and fixed to the top of the tanker, forming a sealed inner cavity with the manhole cover (2), and is locked and unlocked by multiple sets of spiral handles (10) and sinker bolt seats (8).

2. The composite force-controlled dual passageway relief railcar manway cover assembly of claim 1, wherein, The composite force-controlled safety valve (1) includes: a valve body (101), a main pressure relief channel (102), a valve core (103), a valve cover (104), a spring seat (105), a valve stem (106), a helical spring (107), a counterweight (108), an adjusting screw (109), and an explosion-proof plate (110), wherein: The valve body (101) is fixed in the flange connecting seat (5) by flange bolts. The valve core (103) has a tapered end and is located inside the valve body (101) and coaxial with the valve body (101). The valve core (103) is rigidly connected to the spring seat (105) through the valve stem (106). The spring (107) is sleeved around the valve stem (106) and pre-pressed between the spring seat (105) and the valve cover (104). The valve stem (106) is provided with a counterweight (108) at the top. The counterweight (108) is a stepped weight used to adjust the amount of gravity compensation. The adjusting screw (109) is located at the top of the valve stem (106) and is used to adjust the preload of the helical spring (107). When the internal pressure of the tank truck reaches the first threshold, the valve core (103) controlled by the elastic force is raised, and the main pressure relief channel (102) is connected to the sealed inner cavity to achieve pressure relief; when the internal pressure of the tank truck reaches the second threshold, the explosion-proof plate (110) ruptures to form a secondary pressure relief channel, which is connected in parallel with the main pressure relief channel (102) to achieve dual-channel pressure relief.

3. The composite force-controlled dual passageway relief railcar manway cover assembly of claim 1, wherein, The hinge connection device includes: an upper hinge seat (7), a lower hinge seat (11), a hinge connecting rod (3), and a wedge-shaped stop (6), wherein: The upper hinge seat (7) is fixed on the manhole cover (2), and the lower hinge seat (11) is fixed on the manhole seat (4). The upper hinge seat (7) and the lower hinge seat (11) are matched and rotatably connected by the hinge connecting rod (3). The wedge-shaped stop (6) is set on the upper hinge seat (7) to limit the opening of the manhole cover (2).

4. The composite force control dual passageway relief railcar manway cover assembly of claim 1, wherein, The manhole seat (4) is also provided with a fixed seat (12) and a fixed rod (13). One end of the fixed rod (13) is rotatably connected to the fixed seat (12), and the other end is connected to a screw handle (10). The screw handle (10) is matched with the countersunk bolt seat (8) provided on the manhole cover (2) and tightened to lock the manhole cover (2) and the manhole seat (4).

5. The composite force control dual passageway relief railcar manway cover assembly of claim 1, wherein, A handle (9) is further arranged on the manhole cover (2) for opening the manhole cover (2) after pressure relief.

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