Smelting device for columnar crystal aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy

Abstract

The smelting device comprises a smelting furnace and a liquid argon tank, supporting columns are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom end of the smelting furnace, a controller is installed at the bottom of the left side of the smelting furnace, the liquid argon tank is installed behind the smelting furnace, a pressure reducing valve is installed at an output port of the liquid argon tank, and the pressure reducing valve is connected with the controller. The output end of the vaporizer is connected with an air pipe which is communicated with the interior of the smelting furnace. By arranging the pressure reducing valve, the vaporizer and the gas pipe, high-pressure liquid argon in the liquid argon tank can be stably vaporized into normal-temperature gaseous argon, and the normal-temperature gaseous argon is guided into the smelting furnace at a controllable flow, so that compared with the traditional smelting in an air environment which is easy to cause oxidation of aluminum, nickel and cobalt elements, the device disclosed by the utility model has the advantages that the alloy oxidation loss is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. And the component control precision and purity are improved, and the columnar crystal aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy with high density, high uniformity and stable magnetic performance can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy technology, specifically to a melting device for columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloys on the market are mainly prepared through a high-temperature melting-controlled cooling casting process. A common practice is to directly add various alloy raw materials such as iron, aluminum, nickel, and cobalt into a high-temperature furnace in a certain proportion. After the heating system is turned on, they are melted to form an alloy melt, which is then cast into an ingot and subjected to subsequent crystal control processing.

[0003] However, since most traditional devices heat directly in the air, the high-temperature metals react easily with oxygen in the air during the smelting process. Aluminum is easily oxidized and volatilized at high temperatures, affecting the formation quality of columnar crystal structure. Existing devices often lack stable atmosphere protection functions and cannot effectively suppress the formation of oxide inclusions, ultimately affecting the performance indicators of permanent magnets.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a smelting device for columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloys to solve the above-mentioned technical defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a melting device for columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloys, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the existing devices do not have a stable atmosphere protection function and cannot effectively suppress the formation of oxide inclusions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a melting device for columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy, comprising a melting furnace and a liquid argon tank. Support pillars are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the melting furnace. A controller is installed at the bottom left side of the melting furnace. A liquid argon tank is installed behind the melting furnace. A pressure reducing valve is installed at the outlet of the liquid argon tank. The outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to a vaporizer. The outlet of the vaporizer is connected to a gas pipe, which leads to the interior of the melting furnace. Multiple exhaust holes are machined on the front wall of the melting furnace. Six sets of feed inlets are provided at the top of the melting furnace, arranged in a row of three sets.

[0007] As a further technical solution of this utility model, each of the feed inlets is equipped with a stainless steel dust cover, and is respectively labeled as iron feed inlet, cobalt feed inlet, nickel feed inlet, aluminum feed inlet, copper feed inlet, and deoxidizer feed inlet, and the materials are fed in batches in sequence.

[0008] As a further technical solution of this utility model, the outer wall of the smelting furnace is provided with side cavities on both sides. A fixed platform is fixedly connected to the side cavity near the liquid argon tank, and a cylinder is installed below it. A movable motor base is slidably connected to the top of the fixed platform, and a drive motor is fixedly mounted on the movable motor base. The piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable motor base. A stirring rack is movably mounted inside the smelting furnace, and a servo motor is installed on the left side of the outer wall of the smelting furnace.

[0009] As a further technical solution of this utility model, the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve, a cross shaft is provided on the right side of the stirring frame, the two sides of the stirring frame penetrate through the melting furnace to the side cavity, and the right side of the stirring frame is matched and inserted with the connecting sleeve through the cross shaft.

[0010] As a further technical solution of this utility model, both sides of the stirring frame are rotatably connected with bushings. A threaded rod is vertically installed in the side cavity away from the liquid argon tank, and a guide rod is vertically installed in the side cavity close to the liquid argon tank. The guide rod and the threaded rod are symmetrically arranged. A gear set is installed on the top of the threaded rod. The servo motor is connected to the threaded rod through the gear set. A threaded block is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod, and a connecting frame is fixedly connected between the threaded block and the bushing.

[0011] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a discharge port is installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace, a flow valve is installed at the discharge port, and three flow dividers are arranged in a ring at the bottom of the discharge port.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: by setting a pressure reducing valve, a vaporizer and a gas pipe, the high-pressure liquid argon in the liquid argon tank can be stably vaporized into room temperature gaseous argon, and introduced into the melting furnace at a controllable flow rate. Compared with the traditional melting in the air environment, which is prone to oxidation of aluminum, nickel and cobalt elements, this device reduces alloy oxidation loss, improves the accuracy and purity of composition control, and helps to obtain columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy with high density, high uniformity and stable magnetic properties.

[0013] Equipped with a drive motor, a movable motor base, a cylinder, and a pluggable stirring frame, this device enables the stirring components to be quickly inserted and quickly removed. Compared to the traditional stirring structure which is fixed and difficult to disassemble, this device detaches from the melt promptly after stirring, avoiding the ablation of high-temperature components due to prolonged immersion. This improves the uniformity of the alloy melt stirring and maintains the thermally stable environment required for columnar crystal growth. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the stirring rack of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the movable motor base of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a top view of the shunt structure of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Melting furnace; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Exhaust vent; 4. Gas pipe; 5. Vaporizer; 6. Pressure reducing valve; 7. Liquid argon tank; 8. Drive motor; 9. Movable motor base; 10. Fixed platform; 11. Cylinder; 12. Side cavity; 13. Support column; 14. Flow valve; 15. Diverter; 16. Discharge port; 17. Controller; 18. Stirring rack; 19. Threaded block; 20. Connecting frame; 21. Bushing; 22. Threaded rod; 23. Gear set; 24. Servo motor; 25. Cross shaft; 26. Connecting sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-4 An embodiment of this utility model provides a melting device for columnar crystalline aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet alloy, including a melting furnace 1 and a liquid argon tank 7. Support columns 13 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the melting furnace 1. A controller 17 is installed at the bottom left side of the melting furnace 1. The liquid argon tank 7 is installed at the rear of the melting furnace 1. A pressure reducing valve 6 is installed at the output port of the liquid argon tank 7. The output end of the pressure reducing valve 6 is connected to a vaporizer 5. The output end of the vaporizer 5 is connected to a gas pipe 4. The gas pipe 4 is connected to the interior of the melting furnace 1. Multiple exhaust holes 3 are machined on the front wall of the melting furnace 1. Six sets of feed ports 2 are provided at the top of the melting furnace 1, in three sets per row. Each feed port 2 is equipped with a stainless steel dust cover and is labeled as iron feed port, cobalt feed port, nickel feed port, aluminum feed port, copper feed port, and deoxidizer feed port, respectively, and the materials are fed in batches in sequence.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, each feed inlet 2 is equipped with a stainless steel sealed dust cover to prevent impurities from entering and keep the material clean. In this stage, the materials are added in order of melting point, with priority given to high melting point metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel. Before adding the materials, the original liquid argon pressure of about 15 MPa is reduced to about 0.1 MPa through the pressure reducing valve 6 connected to the liquid argon tank 7. The pressure reducing valve 6 is model YQAr-731L. The liquid argon enters the vaporizer 5, which is an electrically heated quartz tube heat exchanger. The low-temperature liquid argon gas of about -186℃ is vaporized into room temperature argon gas. Then, it is transported to the gas inlet of the melting furnace 1 through the high-temperature resistant stainless steel gas pipe 4. Together with the multiple exhaust holes 3 processed on the front wall of the furnace, a slightly positive pressure stable gas circulation environment is formed to effectively block the entry of oxygen from the outside air. After the atmosphere is stable, the temperature inside the furnace is gradually raised to between 1450℃ and 1550℃, and the raw materials are gradually melted into liquid alloy melt.

[0022] The melting furnace 1 has side cavities 12 on both sides of its outer wall. A fixed platform 10 is fixedly connected to the side cavity 12 near the liquid argon tank 7. A cylinder 11 is installed below the platform 10. A movable motor base 9 is slidably connected to the top of the fixed platform 10. A drive motor 8 is fixedly mounted on the movable motor base 9. The piston rod of the cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable motor base 9. A stirring rack 18 is movably mounted inside the melting furnace 1. A servo motor 24 is installed on the left side of the outer wall of the melting furnace 1. A connecting sleeve 26 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 8. A cross shaft 25 is provided on the right side of the stirring rack 18. The stirring rack 18 extends through the melting furnace 1 to the side cavity 12 on both sides. The right side of the stirring rack 18 is matched and inserted with the connecting sleeve 26 through the cross shaft 25.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, during the process of melting the raw materials into a liquid alloy melt, in order to ensure uniform component distribution, cylinder 11 is activated. Cylinder 11 is model SMC CD85N20-30-B, which drives the movable motor base 9 to move to the left. The main body of the stirring frame 18 is made of silicon nitride ceramic rod. The cross shaft 25 on the right end is precisely fitted and inserted into the connecting sleeve 26. The drive motor 8 is model BLH220K-30, which drives the stirring frame 18 to rotate, forming a rotary drive to stir the liquid alloy melt. Since the threaded block 19 is directly connected to the bushing 21, it will not affect the rotation of the stirring frame 18. Since the threaded rod 22 and its corresponding guide rod are located behind the cross shaft 25, they will not interfere with the rotation of the stirring frame 18.

[0024] Both sides of the stirring rack 18 are rotatably connected to bushings 21. A threaded rod 22 is vertically installed in the side cavity 12 away from the liquid argon tank 7, and a guide rod is vertically installed in the side cavity 12 close to the liquid argon tank 7. The guide rod and the threaded rod 22 are symmetrically arranged. A gear set 23 is installed on the top of the threaded rod 22. The servo motor 24 is connected to the threaded rod 22 through the gear set 23. A threaded block 19 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod 22. A connecting frame 20 is fixedly connected between the threaded block 19 and the bushing 21.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, after stirring is completed, cylinder 11 pushes motor seat 9 to the right, causing it to disengage from connecting sleeve 26. At this time, servo motor 24 starts. Servo motor 24 is model MSMF042L1U2M. It drives gear set 23 to rotate, which in turn drives threaded rod 22 to rotate. Threaded block 19 rises accordingly and drives stirring frame 18 to rise from the melt through connecting frame 20. The outer wall of side cavity 12 is provided with a flexible soft sealing strip, which can automatically close to block external air from entering. When stirring frame 18 rises, it pushes open its path.

[0026] A discharge port 16 is installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace 1. A flow valve 14 is installed at the discharge port 16. Three flow dividers 15 are arranged in a ring at the bottom of the discharge port 16.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, after smelting, the melt is discharged through the bottom outlet 16 of the smelting furnace 1, flows through the flow valve 14 equipped with a high-temperature special flow valve (model CKD AG41-02) for flow control, and finally splits into three streams, flowing into the three-group flow dividers 15 set at the bottom of the outlet, and then into the external mold. The entire operation process is centrally managed by the controller 17, which controls multiple execution units through PLC logic to realize steps such as air intake, heating, stirring, extraction, and discharge.

[0028] Working principle: Before feeding, the original liquid argon pressure of about 15MPa is reduced to about 0.1MPa through the pressure reducing valve 6 connected to the liquid argon tank 7, and then enters the vaporizer 5. The vaporizer 5 is an electrically heated quartz tube heat exchanger, which vaporizes the low-temperature liquid argon gas at about -186℃ to room temperature argon gas. Then, it is transported to the gas inlet of the melting furnace 1 through the high-temperature resistant stainless steel gas pipe 4. Together with the multiple exhaust holes 3 machined on the front wall of the furnace, it forms a slightly positive pressure stable gas circulation environment, which effectively blocks the outside air from the gas. Oxygen is introduced, and after the atmosphere stabilizes, feeding begins. The proportionally proportioned metal raw materials are sequentially added to the six sets of feed inlets 2 located at the top of the smelting furnace 1, either manually or automatically. These inlets are labeled as iron inlet, cobalt inlet, nickel inlet, aluminum inlet, copper inlet, and deoxidizer inlet. Each feed inlet 2 is equipped with a stainless steel sealed dust cover to prevent impurities from entering and to maintain material cleanliness. During this stage, materials are added in descending order of melting point, prioritizing high-melting-point metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel to facilitate... Subsequent melting proceeds stably, with the furnace temperature gradually increased to between 1450℃ and 1550℃. The raw materials gradually melt into a liquid alloy melt. During this process, to ensure uniform composition distribution, cylinder 11 is activated, driving the movable motor base 9 to move to the left. The main body of the stirring frame 18 is constructed of silicon nitride ceramic rods, with the right-end cross shaft 25 precisely fitted into the connecting sleeve 26. The drive motor 8 drives the stirring frame 18 to rotate, creating a rotary drive that agitates the liquid alloy melt. Stirring is then complete. Then, cylinder 11 pushes motor seat 9 to the right, causing it to disengage from connecting sleeve 26. At this time, servo motor 24 drives gear set 23 to rotate, which in turn drives threaded rod 22 to rotate. Threaded block 19 rises accordingly, and the connecting frame 20 drives the stirring frame 18 to rise from the melt. After melting is completed, the melt is discharged through the bottom outlet 16 of melting furnace 1, flows through a flow valve 14 equipped with a high-temperature special flow control valve, and finally splits into three paths, flowing into the three-group flow divider 15 set at the bottom of the outlet, and then flowing to the external mold.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A melting device for columnar crystal Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet alloy, comprising a melting furnace (1) and a liquid argon tank (7), characterized in that: The four corners of the bottom of the smelting furnace (1) are fixedly installed with support columns (13). A controller (17) is installed on the bottom left side of the smelting furnace (1). A liquid argon tank (7) is installed at the rear of the smelting furnace (1). A pressure reducing valve (6) is installed at the output port of the liquid argon tank (7). The output end of the pressure reducing valve (6) is connected to a vaporizer (5). The output end of the vaporizer (5) is connected to a gas pipe (4). The gas pipe (4) is connected to the inside of the smelting furnace (1). Multiple exhaust holes (3) are machined on the front wall of the smelting furnace (1). Six sets of feed inlets (2) are provided at the top of the smelting furnace (1), in three sets per row.

2. The melting apparatus for columnar grain Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the feed inlets (2) is equipped with a stainless steel dust cover, and is marked as iron feed inlet, cobalt feed inlet, nickel feed inlet, aluminum feed inlet, copper feed inlet and deoxidizer feed inlet respectively, and the materials are fed in batches in sequence.

3. The melting apparatus for columnar grain Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smelting furnace (1) has side chambers (12) on both sides of its outer wall. A fixed platform (10) is fixedly connected to the side chamber (12) near the liquid argon tank (7). A cylinder (11) is installed below the fixed platform (10). A movable motor base (9) is slidably connected to the top of the fixed platform (10). A drive motor (8) is fixedly mounted on the movable motor base (9). The piston rod of the cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable motor base (9). A stirring rack (18) is movably mounted inside the smelting furnace (1). A servo motor (24) is installed on the left side of the outer wall of the smelting furnace (1).

4. The melting apparatus for columnar grain Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output shaft of the drive motor (8) is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve (26), and a cross shaft (25) is provided on the right side of the stirring frame (18). The stirring frame (18) extends through the melting furnace (1) to the side cavity (12) on both sides. The right side of the stirring frame (18) is matched and inserted with the connecting sleeve (26) through the cross shaft (25).

5. The apparatus for melting columnar grain Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet alloy according to claim 3, wherein: Both sides of the stirring rack (18) are rotatably connected to bushings (21). A threaded rod (22) is vertically installed in the side cavity (12) away from the liquid argon tank (7), and a guide rod is vertically installed in the side cavity (12) close to the liquid argon tank (7). The guide rod and the threaded rod (22) are symmetrically arranged. A gear set (23) is installed on the top of the threaded rod (22). The servo motor (24) is connected to the threaded rod (22) through the gear set (23). A threaded block (19) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (22). A connecting frame (20) is fixedly connected between the threaded block (19) and the bushing (21).

6. The melting apparatus for columnar grain Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smelting furnace (1) is equipped with a discharge port (16) at the bottom end, and a flow valve (14) is installed at the discharge port (16). Three flow dividers (15) are arranged in a ring at the bottom of the discharge port (16).

Images