Small-caliber shell fuse screwing machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small-caliber cannonball fuze screwing machine, which belongs to the technical field of fuze installation equipment, and comprises a workbench at the top of a lathe bed, a material pushing mechanism and an isolation hood, the material pushing mechanism and the isolation hood are arranged on the workbench, openings are arranged at the bottoms of two sides of the isolation hood which is internally provided with a screwing device, and the material pushing mechanism can push a clamping mechanism for fixing a projectile into and out of the isolation hood. When the device is used, a shot pre-screwed with a fuze is fixed on the clamping mechanism, the pushing mechanism moves the shot and the fuze to the position below the tightening device through the opening in one side of the isolation hood, the fuze is tightened and fixed on the shot through the tightening device, then the pushing mechanism is utilized to move the shot out of the isolation hood from the opening in the other side of the isolation hood, and alternate feeding and discharging on the two sides can be achieved. The device is reasonable in technological process layout, high in automation degree, simple to operate, good in reliability and safety, high in operation efficiency, remarkable in economic benefit and capable of processing the screwing operation of fuses in batches; meanwhile, the equipment is small in size, light in weight, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to popularize and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of fuse installation equipment, and specifically relates to a fuse tightening machine for small-caliber artillery shells. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the method for tightening the fuse of an artillery shell involves first clamping and positioning the pre-tightened fuse, then using an axially fed friction sleeve to tightly engage with the fuse surface. Rotating the friction sleeve generates friction between the two, thus tightening the fuse. However, this method relies on the friction between the friction sleeve and the fuse. Since the friction sleeve is made of black polyurethane, black marks are left on the fuse surface during tightening, affecting its appearance and making subsequent cleaning time-consuming and labor-intensive, thus increasing assembly costs. Furthermore, prolonged use of the friction sleeve leads to severe wear, requiring periodic replacement and increasing maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the above problems, this utility model provides a fuse tightening machine for small-caliber artillery shells.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A small-caliber projectile fuse tightening machine includes a worktable mounted on top of a machine bed, and a pushing mechanism, a tightening device, and an isolation cover mounted on the worktable. The tightening device is located in the upper part of the inner cavity of the isolation cover. The bottom left and right sides of the isolation cover have openings for the clamping mechanism and the fuse to enter and exit. The pushing mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism and is used to push the clamping mechanism in and out of the isolation cover. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the lower middle part of the projectile. The upper end of the projectile is threadedly connected to the fuse.

[0006] Furthermore, the tightening device includes a lifting cylinder, a rotating component, and a tightening head. The lifting cylinder is mounted on a support frame inside the isolation cover. The rotating component is located at the lower end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder. The main shaft of the rotating component is fixedly connected to the tightening head. The inner cavity of the tightening head can fit against the outer wall of the fuse. The side wall of the tightening head is provided with a limiting structure for engaging with the positioning hole on the outer wall of the fuse.

[0007] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with guide rods on both sides, the rotating component is disposed on the movable frame, the movable frame is provided with guide holes on both sides that slide with the guide rods, and the tightening head is disposed at the bottom of the movable frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a limiting pin and a return spring. One end of the limiting pin has a guide slope for disengaging from the positioning hole when the limiting pin rotates in the opposite direction with the rotating component. The side wall of the tightening head has a mounting hole for accommodating the limiting pin and the return spring, and the limiting pin is connected to the mounting hole through the return spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting hole is a stepped hole with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter. The limiting pin passes through the mounting hole, and the return spring is disposed in the outer cavity of the mounting hole. The limiting pin has a protruding limiting platform in the middle, which is disposed at the bottom of the outer cavity of the mounting hole. The return spring is fitted onto the limiting pin and abuts against the outer end face of the limiting platform. The guide slope is disposed on the side of one inner end of the limiting pin, and the axial projection length of the guide slope is greater than the depth of the positioning hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the tightening head is provided with a disc-shaped protrusion, the mounting hole is an axial through hole that passes through the protrusion, the outer opening of the mounting hole is provided with a plug, one outer end of the limiting pin passes through the plug and extends to the outside of the plug, and the return spring is disposed between the limiting platform circle of the limiting pin and the plug.

[0011] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing cylinder, the cylinder body of which is connected to the worktable. Two clamping mechanisms are provided at intervals on the piston rod of the pushing cylinder. One clamping mechanism can be placed directly below the tightening device, and the other clamping mechanism can be placed on the left and right sides of the isolation cover and corresponding to the opening on the isolation cover. The pushing cylinder is used to drive the two clamping mechanisms to alternately enter and exit the isolation cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the workbench is provided with an elongated notch, the width of which matches the lower outer diameter of the projectile; guide rails are provided on both sides of the workbench, the clamping mechanism can slide with the guide rails, the cylinder body of the pushing cylinder is connected to the workbench on both sides of the notch, and the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is located directly below the notch.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism is a pneumatic chuck, and the multiple jaws of the pneumatic chuck can clamp and release the outer circle of the projectile. The lower end of the pneumatic chuck is connected to the piston rod of the pusher cylinder through a connecting block.

[0014] Furthermore, a transparent observation window is provided on the front side of the isolation cover, and grating sensors are provided on both sides of the isolation cover. The grating sensors are located on the opening side of the isolation cover, and the grating sensors, the pushing mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the tightening device are all connected to the controller.

[0015] The technological advancements achieved by this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows:

[0016] This invention features a tightening device installed inside an isolation cover on the workbench. Pre-tightened fuse-loaded projectiles are placed on a clamping mechanism and clamped in place. The clamping mechanism, via a pushing mechanism, moves the fuse-loaded projectile through an opening on one side of the isolation cover to below the tightening device. The tightening device then tightens the fuse onto the projectile. Subsequently, the pushing mechanism moves the clamping mechanism out of the isolation cover through an opening on the other side, enabling alternating loading and unloading from both sides of the workbench. This invention boasts a rational process layout, high automation, simple operation, good reliability and safety, high work efficiency, and significant economic benefits. It can handle batch tightening operations of fuses. Furthermore, the equipment is small in size, lightweight, and low in manufacturing cost, facilitating widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0018] In the attached diagram:

[0019] Figure 1 An external view of a small-caliber projectile fuse tightening machine provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the central isolation enclosure;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the engagement of the tightening head and the fuse in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the inner limiting structure of the lower end of the central tightening head.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 00-Fuse; 01-Projectile; 1-Workbench; 2-Pushing mechanism; 3-Tightening device; 31-Lifting cylinder; 32-Rotating component; 33-Tightening head; 330-Mounting hole; 331-Eaves; 332-Plug; 4-Isolation cover; 5-Clamping mechanism; 6-Opening; 7-Support frame; 8-Guide rod; 9-Moving frame; 10-Limit pin; 11-Reset spring; 12-Guide slope; 13-Notch; 14-Guide rail; 15-Grate sensor; 16-Bed; 17-Observation window. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a small-caliber projectile fuse tightening machine includes a worktable 1 set on the top of the bed 16, and a pushing mechanism 2, a tightening device 3, and an isolation cover 4 set on the worktable 1. The tightening device 3 is set in the upper part of the inner cavity of the isolation cover 4. The bottom of the left and right sides of the isolation cover 4 are provided with openings 6 for the clamping mechanism 5 and the fuse 00 to enter and exit. The pushing mechanism 2 is connected to the clamping mechanism 5 and is used to push the clamping mechanism 5 in and out of the isolation cover 4. The clamping mechanism 5 is used to clamp the lower middle part of the projectile 01. The upper end of the projectile 01 is threadedly connected to the fuse 00. In practical applications, the fuse is pre-tightened a few turns in the threaded hole of the projectile, and then the projectile is placed on the clamping mechanism and clamped and fixed. The pushing mechanism moves the clamping mechanism and the projectile with the fuse through the opening on one side of the isolation cover to the bottom of the tightening device. The tightening device tightens and fixes the fuse and the projectile. Then, the pushing mechanism moves the clamping mechanism out of the isolation cover through the opening on the other side. This allows for alternating loading and unloading on both sides of the worktable, improving work efficiency and operational safety.

[0027] In specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the tightening device 3 includes a lifting cylinder 31, a rotating component 32, and a tightening head 33. The lifting cylinder 31 is mounted on a support frame 7 inside the isolation cover 4. The rotating component 32 is located at the lower end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 31. The main shaft of the rotating component 32 is fixedly connected to the tightening head 33. The inner cavity of the tightening head 33 can fit against the outer wall of the fuse 00. A limiting structure is provided on the side wall of the tightening head 33 for engaging with the positioning hole on the outer wall of the fuse 00. The rotating component includes a motor and its main shaft. The motor drives the main shaft to rotate, and both the motor and the main shaft are housed within a housing. The upper end of the housing is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder, and the lower end of the main shaft extends outside the housing and connects to the tightening head. The tightening head is driven downward by the lifting cylinder to engage with the fuse, and the motor drives the tightening head to rotate. The tightening head is then fixed relative to the fuse by the limiting structure, which can drive the fuse to rotate relative to the projectile, achieving a threaded connection between the two.

[0028] As a preferred structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the support frame 7 has guide rods 8 on both sides, the rotating component 32 is mounted on the moving frame 9, and the moving frame 9 has guide holes on both sides that slide with the guide rods 8. The tightening head 33 is located at the bottom of the moving frame 9. The moving frame, with the help of the guide rods, ensures that the tightening head remains perpendicular to its axis during lifting and lowering. The tightening head, fitted onto the fuse, remains collinear with the fuse's axis while rotating, achieving axial feed during fuse rotation.

[0029] In the specific production process, such as Figure 3 , 4As shown, the limiting structure includes a limiting pin 10 and a return spring 11. One end of the limiting pin 10 is provided with a guide slope 12, which is used to allow the limiting pin 12 to exit the positioning hole when it rotates in the opposite direction with the rotating component 32. The side wall of the tightening head 33 is provided with a mounting hole 330 for accommodating the limiting pin 10 and the return spring 11. The limiting pin 10 is connected to the mounting hole 330 through the return spring 11. The mounting hole 330 is a stepped hole with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter. The limiting pin 10 passes through the mounting hole 330. The return spring 11 is disposed in the outer cavity of the mounting hole 330. The limiting pin 10 has a protruding limiting platform in the middle, which is located at the bottom of the outer cavity of the mounting hole 330. The return spring 11 is fitted onto the limiting pin 10 and abuts against the outer end face of the limiting platform. The guide slope 12 is disposed on the side of one inner end of the limiting pin 10, and the axial projection length of the guide slope 12 is greater than the depth of the positioning hole. When the tightening head is fitted onto the fuse, the tightening head is rotated by a motor. When the limiting pin rotates to correspond with the positioning hole, the limiting pin enters the positioning hole under the action of the return spring, achieving relative stillness between the tightening head and the fuse. Thus, the rotation of the tightening head can drive the fuse to rotate relative to the projectile. Once the fuze is tightened onto the projectile, the motor rotates in the opposite direction, causing the tightening head to rotate in the opposite direction. The limiting pin is disengaged from the positioning hole under the action of the guide slope, thus freeing the fuze from the restriction of the tightening head. Subsequently, the tightening head can rise with the lifting cylinder, and the projectile can be moved out of the isolation cover with the pushing mechanism.

[0030] Further optimize the above structure, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the tightening head 33 is provided with a disc-shaped protrusion 331. The mounting hole 330 is an axial through hole penetrating the protrusion 331. A plug 332 is provided at the outer opening of the mounting hole 330. One outer end of the limiting pin 10 penetrates the plug 332 and extends to the outside of the plug 332. The return spring 11 is disposed between the limiting platform circle of the limiting pin 10 and the plug 332. The disc-shaped protrusion facilitates the installation of the limiting pin and the return spring, while improving the fit strength between the limiting pin and the tightening head.

[0031] In specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pushing mechanism 2 includes a pushing cylinder. The cylinder body of the pushing cylinder is connected to the worktable 1. Two clamping mechanisms 5 are spaced apart on the piston rod of the pushing cylinder. One clamping mechanism 5 can be positioned directly below the tightening head 33 of the tightening device 3, and the other clamping mechanism 5 can be positioned on the left and right outer sides of the isolation cover 4, corresponding to the openings 6 on the isolation cover 4. The pushing cylinder is used to drive the two clamping mechanisms 5 to alternately enter and exit the isolation cover 4. In specific manufacturing, as shown... Figure 2As shown, the clamping mechanism 5 is a pneumatic chuck. The multiple jaws of the pneumatic chuck can clamp and release the outer circumference of the projectile 01. The lower end of the pneumatic chuck is connected to the piston rod of the pusher cylinder via a connecting block (not shown in the figure). The pusher cylinder simultaneously pushes both pneumatic chucks in and out of the isolation cover. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0032] After the pusher cylinder pushes the right pneumatic chuck at the end of its piston rod into the tightening station inside the isolation hood, the left pneumatic chuck is positioned outside the isolation hood for easy manual placement of the shot and fuse. Once the fuse and shot are tightened inside the isolation hood, the tightening head disengages from the fuse and rises. Then, the piston rod of the pusher cylinder extends to the right, pushing the right pneumatic chuck out of the isolation hood, while the left pneumatic chuck enters the isolation hood for another tightening operation. The worker removes the shot with the fuse tightened outside from the right pneumatic chuck and installs the next shot and fuse. After the fuse and shot are tightened inside the isolation hood, the pusher cylinder retracts in the opposite direction, allowing the left pneumatic chuck to move to the left side of the isolation hood, where the worker removes the shot and installs the next shot and fuse. This cycle repeats, with the pusher cylinder enabling the two pneumatic chucks to move in and out of the isolation hood alternately, while the tightening head inside the isolation hood continuously tightens the fuse, further improving work efficiency.

[0033] In specific design, such as Figure 1 The worktable 1 shown has an elongated notch 13, the width of which matches the lower outer diameter of the projectile 01. Guide rails 14 are provided on both sides of the worktable 1 of the notch 13. The clamping mechanism 5 can slide with the guide rails 14. The cylinder body of the pushing cylinder is connected to the worktables 1 on both sides of the notch 13, and the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is located directly below the notch 13. The guide rails guide the pneumatic chuck entering and exiting the isolation cover, ensuring the accuracy of the movement trajectory of the projectile and fuze on the pneumatic chuck, preventing misalignment with the tightening head, and improving the relative positional accuracy between the tightening head and the fuze.

[0034] Further optimize the above solution, such as Figure 1 As shown, the isolation cover 4 has a transparent observation window 17 on its front side, allowing workers to observe the operations inside the isolation cover from the outside. Optical grating sensors 15 are installed on both sides of the isolation cover 4, located on the side of the opening 6. The optical grating sensors 15, the pushing mechanism 2, the clamping mechanism 5, and the tightening device 3 are all connected to a controller (not shown in the figure). When the equipment is running, if an operator reaches towards the pneumatic chuck moving on the track, the optical grating sensor can detect the human body part and send a signal to the controller. The controller will then issue an alarm in a timely manner to prevent workplace accidents.

[0035] The workflow of this utility model is as follows:

[0036] a. After the automatic program on the controller is started, place the projectile with the fuse installed (you can screw it on with only 2 turns of thread) into the jaw position of the pneumatic chuck outside the isolation cover, and remove both hands from the detection range of the grating sensor.

[0037] b. The pusher cylinder pushes the pneumatic chuck into the tightening station inside the isolation cover, while simultaneously pushing out the tightened projectile from the opening of the isolation cover on the other side, and loosens the pneumatic chuck. Manual loading and unloading are then carried out, with both hands removed from the detection range of the grating sensor.

[0038] c. Inside the isolation cover, a pneumatic chuck clamps the projectile, and a lifting cylinder drives the main shaft to descend. The motor drives the tightening head to rotate and tighten the fuze to the set torque. Then, the main shaft reverses half a turn to disengage the limit pin from the positioning hole on the fuze, the main shaft rises, and the fuze tightening is complete.

[0039] d. The pusher cylinder ejects the tightened projectile and releases the pneumatic chuck. Manual loading and unloading are then performed, while the pneumatic chuck on the other side is simultaneously brought in. This completes one cycle of tightening the fuse.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine, characterized in that: The device includes a worktable located on top of the bed, and a pushing mechanism, a tightening device, and an isolation cover located on the worktable. The tightening device is located in the upper part of the inner cavity of the isolation cover. The bottom of the left and right sides of the isolation cover are provided with openings for the clamping mechanism and the fuze to enter and exit. The pushing mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism and is used to push the clamping mechanism in and out of the isolation cover. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the lower middle part of the projectile. The upper end of the projectile is threadedly connected to the fuze.

2. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening device includes a lifting cylinder, a rotating component, and a tightening head. The lifting cylinder is mounted on a support frame inside the isolation cover. The rotating component is located at the lower end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder. The main shaft of the rotating component is fixedly connected to the tightening head. The inner cavity of the tightening head can fit against the outer wall of the fuse. The side wall of the tightening head is provided with a limiting structure for engaging with the positioning hole on the outer wall of the fuse.

3. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame has guide rods on both sides, the rotating component is mounted on the movable frame, the movable frame has guide holes on both sides that slide with the guide rods, and the tightening head is located at the bottom of the movable frame.

4. The small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine of claim 2, wherein: The limiting structure includes a limiting pin and a return spring. One end of the limiting pin has a guide slope to allow the limiting pin to exit the positioning hole when it rotates in the opposite direction with the rotating component. The side wall of the tightening head has a mounting hole for accommodating the limiting pin and the return spring. The limiting pin is connected to the mounting hole through the return spring.

5. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting hole is a stepped hole with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter. The limiting pin passes through the mounting hole. The return spring is located in the outer cavity of the mounting hole. The limiting pin has a protruding limiting platform in the middle. The limiting platform is located at the bottom of the outer cavity of the mounting hole. The return spring is fitted onto the limiting pin and abuts against the outer end face of the limiting platform. The guide slope is located on the side of one inner end of the limiting pin, and the axial projection length of the guide slope is greater than the depth of the positioning hole.

6. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the tightening head is provided with a disc-shaped protrusion, the mounting hole is an axial through hole that passes through the protrusion, the outer opening of the mounting hole is provided with a plug, one end of the limiting pin passes through the plug and extends to the outside of the plug, and the reset spring is disposed between the limiting platform circle of the limiting pin and the plug.

7. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a pushing cylinder. The cylinder body of the pushing cylinder is connected to the worktable. Two clamping mechanisms are spaced apart on the piston rod of the pushing cylinder. One clamping mechanism can be placed directly below the tightening device, and the other clamping mechanism can be placed on the left and right sides of the isolation cover and corresponding to the opening on the isolation cover. The pushing cylinder is used to drive the two clamping mechanisms to alternately enter and exit the isolation cover.

8. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The workbench has an elongated notch, the width of which matches the lower outer diameter of the projectile; guide rails are provided on both sides of the workbench, and the clamping mechanism can slide with the guide rails; the cylinder body of the pushing cylinder is connected to the workbench on both sides of the notch, and the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is located directly below the notch.

9. The small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine of claim 7, wherein: The clamping mechanism is a pneumatic chuck. The multiple jaws of the pneumatic chuck can clamp and release the outer circle of the projectile. The lower end of the pneumatic chuck is connected to the piston rod of the pusher cylinder through a connecting block.

10. A small caliber projectile fuze screwing machine according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The isolation cover has a transparent observation window on its front side, and grating sensors are provided on both sides of the isolation cover. The grating sensors are located on the opening side of the isolation cover. The grating sensors, the pushing mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the tightening device are all connected to the controller.

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