Litchi seedling grafting and branch cutting device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of seedling grafting, and particularly relates to a litchi plantlet grafting and branch cutting device which comprises a first blade and a second blade, the middle of the first blade and the middle of the second blade are rotationally connected through a connecting pin, handles are installed at the bottom ends of the first blade and the second blade, and a countersunk bolt is connected to the second blade in a threaded mode and covers a blade pressing frame in a pressing mode. The blade pressing frame covers the grafting blade in a pressing mode, the grafting blade is attached to the second blade, a first stock positioning groove and a second stock positioning groove are formed in the opposite positions of the second blade and the blade pressing frame respectively, and a guide bevel edge is formed on the edge portion of the side, provided with the grafting blade, of the second blade. After a stock is trimmed through the first blade and the second blade, the grafting blade can be directly used for cutting the stock, the first stock positioning groove and the second stock positioning groove play a positioning role to ensure that the depth of a cut is in place, and then the first blade, the second blade and the grafting blade can be used for trimming scions and cutting the scions. And rapid and safe grafting and branch cutting operation can be carried out without replacing tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of seedling grafting technology, specifically relating to a grafting cutting device for litchi seedlings. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of litchi seedling propagation, grafting is a core technology for achieving variety improvement and large-scale production. However, traditional grafting techniques, due to issues such as tool separation and cumbersome operation, severely restrict seedling efficiency and survival rate. In existing techniques, grafting litchi seedlings requires the use of multiple tools, including pruning shears and grafting knives: first, the rootstock and scion are pruned with pruning shears, then the grafting knife is used to cut the incision. A single graft requires switching tools 3-4 times, increasing the operation time. Frequent tool changes not only prolong the exposure time of the incision, leading to increased water loss in the scion, but also reduce the survival rate during hot seasons. Furthermore, it is difficult to precisely control the incision depth when manually cutting the rootstock—a shallow incision (<2 cm) results in insufficient cambium contact area, prolonging healing time by 3-5 days; a deep incision (>3 cm) easily damages the xylem vessels, causing rootstock gummosis. In addition, traditional grafting knives lack protective structures, and when holding them with one hand to cut small scions, the probability of hand slippage and cuts is relatively high. According to statistics, the average annual incidence of knife injuries among lychee grafting workers is about 18%.

[0003] On the other hand, the separate use of pruning shears and grafting knives often leads to a mismatch in the cut shapes of the rootstock and scion. Pruning cuts are prone to roughness and splitting, and the inclination of the grafting knife cut surface is difficult to unify, resulting in a cambium misalignment rate of over 40%, directly causing poor graft union healing and a reduction in the second-year shoot growth rate of seedlings by about 30%. With the large-scale development of the litchi industry, the requirements for grafting efficiency and seedling quality have significantly increased, and the drawbacks of existing technologies—"separate tools, experience-based operation, and rough cuts"—have become increasingly prominent. How to develop a dedicated device that integrates pruning, positioning, and cutting functions to reduce tool switching time, improve cut accuracy, and reduce operational risks has become a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings, which solves the problems of cumbersome tool switching, difficulty in controlling the cutting depth, high operational risks, and low survival rate caused by mismatched cutting shapes in traditional litchi seedling grafting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a lychee seedling grafting and cutting device, comprising a first blade and a second blade, wherein the middle parts of the first blade and the second blade are rotatably connected by a connecting pin, and a handle is installed at the bottom end of each of the first blade and the second blade. A countersunk bolt is threaded onto the second blade, and the head of the countersunk bolt presses onto the blade holder. The blade holder presses onto the grafting blade, and the grafting blade is attached to the side of the second blade facing away from the first blade. Rootstock positioning groove one and rootstock positioning groove two are respectively provided at opposite positions on the second blade and the blade holder. A guide bevel is formed on the side of the second blade on which the grafting blade is installed.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: After pruning the rootstock with blade one and blade two, the grafting blade on this device can be used directly to cut the rootstock. Rootstock positioning groove one and rootstock positioning groove two play a positioning role to ensure that the cut depth is in place. Then, blade one, blade two and grafting blade can be used to prune and cut the scion. The grafting and cutting operation can be carried out quickly and safely without changing tools.

[0007] To ensure the stability of the blade holder mounted on blade two;

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: a positioning seat is fixedly provided on the side of the second blade facing away from the first blade, a positioning groove is provided through the blade pressure frame, the positioning seat is adapted to be inserted into the positioning groove, and the countersunk bolt is inserted into the positioning groove and threadedly connected to the positioning seat.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: the positioning seat can be inserted into the blade holder and plays a supporting and limiting role for the blade holder in the radial direction. In addition, the use of countersunk bolts maintains the stability of the positional relationship between the blade holder and the second blade in the axial direction.

[0010] To further improve the stability of the blade holder mounted on blade two;

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the number of positioning seats is two, and the positioning seats are adapted to be inserted into the positioning groove formed on the grafting blade.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: compared with the single design, the two positioning seats can effectively prevent the blade holder from rotating relative to the second blade, thereby making the blade holder stably connect the second blade and press it firmly onto the grafting blade.

[0013] In order to effectively control the depth of the rootstock incision through the implementation of rootstock positioning groove one and rootstock positioning groove two;

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the first and second rootstock positioning grooves have the same size and the groove depth is 2-3cm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: when the grafting blade is used to make a vertical cut on the rootstock, and the rootstock positioning groove one and rootstock positioning groove two are against the top of the rootstock, the cutting of the rootstock can be accurately completed, ensuring the grafting survival rate.

[0016] To prevent the blade from pressing against the scion and obstructing the scion during cutting;

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the end face of the blade holder facing away from the grafting blade is an arc-shaped surface structure with a high middle and low sides, and the axis of the arc-shaped surface is parallel to the cutting edge of the grafting blade.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: the arc-shaped surface of the blade holder can ensure a stable pressing of the grafting blade while playing a smooth transition role, and prevent the end of the excessively thick blade holder from blocking the scion when cutting it.

[0019] To prevent the countersunk bolts from obstructing the scion;

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the head of the countersunk bolt is located inside the positioning groove.

[0021] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that the countersunk positioning groove can prevent the scion from being blocked when cutting it.

[0022] To improve the ease of use of this device;

[0023] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: a support rod is installed at one end of each of the two handles facing each other, and the two support rods are respectively inserted into one end of the reset spring.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this improvement are: the return spring provides elastic support, allowing blade one and blade two to automatically unfold for easier trimming.

[0025] The parts of the device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second blade in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade press frame in this utility model;

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Blade 1; 2. Blade 2; 21. Rootstock positioning groove 1; 22. Guide bevel; 23. Positioning seat; 3. Connecting pin; 4. Handle; 5. Support rod; 6. Return spring; 7. Grafting blade; 8. Blade pressure frame; 81. Rootstock positioning groove 2; 82. Positioning groove; 9. Countersunk bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Example

[0032] like Figure 1As shown in Figure 4: A grafting and pruning device for litchi seedlings includes a first blade 1 and a second blade 2. The middle parts of the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 are rotatably connected by a connecting pin 3. A handle 4 is installed at the bottom end of each of the first blade 1 and the second blade 2. A countersunk bolt 9 is threaded onto the second blade 2. The head of the countersunk bolt 9 presses onto a blade holder 8. The blade holder 8 presses onto a grafting blade 7. The grafting blade 7 is attached to the side of the second blade 2 facing away from the first blade 1. Rootstock positioning groove 1 21 and rootstock positioning groove 2 81 are respectively provided on opposite positions of the second blade 2 and the blade holder 8. A guide bevel 22 is formed on the side of the second blade 2 where the grafting blade 7 is installed. The grafting is pruned using the first blade 1 and the second blade 2. After grafting the rootstock, the grafting blade 7 on this device can be used directly to cut the rootstock. Rootstock positioning groove 1 21 and rootstock positioning groove 2 81 serve to position the rootstock and ensure the cut depth is correct. Then, blades 1 1, 2 2, and grafting blade 7 can be used to prune and cut the scion. This allows for quick and safe grafting operations without changing tools. A positioning seat 23 is fixed to the side of blade 2 2 facing away from blade 1 1. A positioning groove 82 is formed through the blade holder 8, and the positioning seat 23 is fitted into the positioning groove 82. A countersunk bolt 9 is inserted into the positioning groove 82 and threadedly connected to the positioning seat 23. The positioning seat 23 can be inserted into the blade holder 8, providing radial support and limiting for the blade holder 8. The countersunk bolt 9 is used to maintain the stability of the positional relationship between the blade holder 8 and the second blade 2 in the axial direction. Two positioning seats 23 are used, and each 23 is fitted into a positioning groove formed on the grafting blade 7. Compared to a single design, two positioning seats 23 effectively prevent the blade holder 8 from rotating relative to the second blade 2, thus ensuring the blade holder 8 stably connects to the second blade 2 and presses it firmly onto the grafting blade 7. The rootstock positioning groove 1 21 and rootstock positioning groove 2 81 are the same size and 2-3 cm deep. When the grafting blade 7 is used to vertically cut an opening in the rootstock, and the rootstock positioning groove 1 21 and rootstock positioning groove 2 81 abut against the top of the rootstock, the cutting of the rootstock can be accurately completed, ensuring the grafting process is successful. To improve the grafting success rate, the end face of the blade holder 8 facing away from the grafting blade 7 is an arc-shaped structure with a high center and low sides, and the axis of the arc-shaped surface is parallel to the cutting edge of the grafting blade 7. The arc-shaped surface of the blade holder 8 can ensure a stable pressing of the grafting blade 7 while playing a smooth transition role, avoiding the end of the blade holder 8 being too thick and blocking the scion when cutting it. The head of the countersunk bolt 9 is located inside the positioning groove 82. The countersunk positioning groove 82 can avoid blocking the scion when cutting it. Support rods 5 are installed at the opposite ends of the two handles 4. The two support rods 5 are respectively inserted into one end of the return spring 6. The return spring 6 plays an elastic support role, so that the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 automatically unfold to facilitate the pruning work.

[0033] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows: Hold the handle 4 and use blade 1 and blade 2 to prune the top branches of the rootstock, retaining a trunk height of 5-10cm; align the grafting blade 7 with the center of the rootstock section and apply pressure, with the rootstock positioning groove 21 and rootstock positioning groove 81 pressing against the top of the rootstock, cutting to a depth of 2-3cm to form a vertical cut; use blade 1 and blade 2 to prune the scion, retaining 2-3 buds and a length of 6-8cm; place the base of the scion close to the guide bevel 22 and cut along the grafting blade 7 to form a wedge-shaped bevel 2-3cm long, ensuring a flat cut; insert the prepared scion into the rootstock cut, aligning the cambium layers, and secure it with grafting film; after the operation is completed, release the handle 4, and the return spring 6 automatically opens the blade for easy use next time.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0035] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For those skilled in the art, several improvements, modifications, or changes can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings, characterized in that: The blade includes blade one (1) and blade two (2). The middle parts of blade one (1) and blade two (2) are rotatably connected by connecting pin (3). A handle (4) is installed at the bottom of blade one (1) and blade two (2). A countersunk bolt (9) is threaded on blade two (2). The head of the countersunk bolt (9) presses on the blade holder (8). The blade holder (8) presses on the grafting blade (7). The grafting blade (7) is close to the side of blade two (2) facing away from blade one (1). Rootstock positioning groove one (21) and rootstock positioning groove two (81) are respectively opened at the opposite positions of blade two (2) and blade holder (8). A guide bevel (22) is formed on the side of blade two (2) where the grafting blade (7) is installed.

2. The grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade 2 (2) is fixed with a positioning seat (23) on the side opposite to the blade 1 (1). The blade holder (8) has a through-hole positioning groove (82). The positioning seat (23) is fitted into the positioning groove (82). The countersunk bolt (9) is fitted into the positioning groove (82) and threadedly connected to the positioning seat (23).

3. The grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the positioning seats (23) is two, and the positioning seats (23) are adapted to be inserted into the positioning groove formed on the grafting blade (7).

4. The grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rootstock positioning groove one (21) and rootstock positioning groove two (81) have the same size and a groove depth of 2-3cm.

5. The grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade holder (8) has an arc-shaped surface structure with a high center and low sides on one end facing away from the grafting blade (7), and the axis of the arc-shaped surface is parallel to the cutting edge of the grafting blade (7).

6. The grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the countersunk bolt (9) is located inside the positioning groove (82).

7. The grafting and cutting device for litchi seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the two handles (4) has a support rod (5) installed at one end facing each other, and the two support rods (5) are respectively inserted into one end of the reset spring (6).

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