Slag-free low-lead oxide alloy smelting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slag-free low-lead oxide alloy smelting device which comprises a smelting furnace, the smelting furnace is of an open structure, a thermocouple is installed at the top of the smelting furnace and extends into the smelting furnace, a heating coil I is wrapped outside the smelting furnace, an opening is formed in the bottom of the smelting furnace, and a heating coil II is arranged in the opening. The opening is connected with a metal flow guide pipe, the metal flow guide pipe extends to the casting station, and a heating coil II is wrapped outside the metal flow guide pipe. According to the smelting furnace, lead alloy solution is led out of the smelting furnace through the metal flow guide pipe at the bottom, so that mixing of oxidizing slag in the casting process can be avoided, meanwhile, contact with air in the pouring casting process can be effectively reduced through liquid discharging of the metal flow guide pipe, and the oxidizing slag is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of non-ferrous metal smelting technology, and more specifically to an alloy smelting device that facilitates alloy addition without the need for slag removal. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing automation in the hydrometallurgical industry and the gradual decrease in lead-zinc ore grade and the increasingly complex composition of impurities, anode plate materials for hydrometallurgical zinc refining are developing towards multi-element alloys. However, in this development process, the alloying element addition process faces many challenges.

[0003] In lead alloys, most of the added elements have a lower density than lead. During the addition process, these elements tend to float to the surface of the solution, leading to significant oxidation. This not only reduces the yield of alloying elements but also causes oxide inclusions to solidify in the billet, severely affecting the performance of the electrode plates.

[0004] Traditional lead alloy smelting methods also have significant drawbacks. Taking the addition of alloying elements as an example, a bell jar is typically used to press the elements into the molten metal for alloying. However, the use of bell jars is limited in a vacuum smelting environment. Furthermore, open-type smelting furnaces produce a large amount of slag floating on the surface of the molten metal when smelting easily oxidized alloys such as calcium and rare earth elements. During the casting process, this slag easily becomes trapped in the billet, ultimately affecting the service life of the electrode plates. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus includes a smelting furnace, which is an open structure. A thermocouple is installed on the top of the smelting furnace and extends into the interior of the smelting furnace. A heating coil I is wrapped around the outside of the smelting furnace. An opening is provided at the bottom of the smelting furnace, and a metal guide pipe is connected to the opening. The metal guide pipe extends to the casting station and is wrapped around the outside of a heating coil II.

[0008] Furthermore, the metal guide tube comprises upper and lower parts, which are connected by a flexible metal tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the smelting furnace is provided with a protective sleeve, and the heating coil I is located inside the protective sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower part of the metal guide tube is fitted with a sleeve, and the heating coil II is located inside the sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed on the pipe sleeve to monitor the pipe heating temperature.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower part of the metal guide tube is made of stainless steel.

[0013] Furthermore, an openable and closable ceramic plug is installed on the upper part of the metal guide tube near the opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening area at the top of the smelting furnace accounts for 70%-90% of the furnace body's cross-sectional area.

[0015] Furthermore, the furnace body is a clay crucible or a common graphite crucible, and the interior of the furnace body is coated with a high-temperature resistant and oxidation-resistant layer.

[0016] This utility model also includes an electric furnace, which is installed between a smelting furnace and a metal guide pipe. The top of the electric furnace is connected to the opening through a pipe, and the bottom of the electric furnace is connected to the metal guide pipe through a pipe.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The smelting furnace of this utility model can avoid the inclusion of oxide slag in the casting process by discharging the lead alloy solution through the metal guide pipe at the bottom. At the same time, the use of the metal guide pipe to discharge the liquid can effectively reduce the contact with air during the pouring and casting process, and further reduce the generation of oxide slag.

[0019] (2) This utility model uses an electromagnetic induction coil to melt the furnace, which greatly improves the melting efficiency and the homogenization of the alloy.

[0020] (3) This utility model also includes an electric furnace, which serves as a stationary furnace (intermediate ladle) to enable continuous casting. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0023] In the figure, 1-melting furnace, 2-thermocouple, 3-heating coil I, 4-opening, 5-metal guide tube, 6-heating coil II, 7-metal hose, 8-sheath, 9-pipe sleeve, 10-temperature sensor, 11-ceramic plug, 12-high temperature resistant and oxidation-resistant layer, 13-electric furnace. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding of this utility model, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. Example 1

[0025] A slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus, as shown in the attached document. Figure 1 As shown, the furnace includes a smelting furnace 1, which is an open structure. In this embodiment, the opening area at the top of the smelting furnace 1 accounts for 75% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace body (this proportion is selected in this embodiment, but it can also be adjusted within the range of 70%-90% according to actual needs). A larger opening area 4 helps to quickly add raw materials and regulate the atmosphere inside the furnace. A thermocouple 2 is installed on the top of the smelting furnace 1, and the thermocouple 2 extends into the interior of the smelting furnace 1. The thermocouple 2 is used to monitor the temperature inside the smelting furnace 1 in real time. The smelting furnace 1 is externally covered with a heating coil I 3, which heats and melts the lead alloy inside the smelting furnace 1. An opening 4 is provided at the bottom of the smelting furnace 1, and the opening 4 is connected to a metal guide pipe 5. The metal guide pipe 5 extends to the casting station and is externally covered with a heating coil II 6. The discharge of liquid through the metal guide pipe 5 can effectively reduce the contact between the metal and air during the pouring and casting process, and further reduce the generation of oxide slag. Both the heating coil I 3 and the heating coil II 6 are electromagnetic induction coils.

[0026] The metal guide tube 5 consists of upper and lower parts. The lower part of the metal guide tube 5 is made of stainless steel. The upper and lower parts of the metal guide tube 5 are connected by a flexible metal hose 7. The upper and lower parts of the metal guide tube 5 can move within a certain range of the rear pipe through the flexible connection, so as to realize the casting of different molds.

[0027] To protect heating coil I3 and heating coil II6, a protective sleeve 8 is provided on the outside of the smelting furnace 1, and heating coil I3 is located inside the protective sleeve 8; a sleeve 9 is sleeved on the lower part of the metal guide pipe 5, and heating coil II6 is located inside the sleeve 9.

[0028] In order to monitor the heating temperature of the lower part of the metal guide pipe 5, a temperature sensor 10 is installed on the pipe sleeve 9. In this embodiment, the metal guide pipe 5 is preheated to above 200 degrees Celsius before casting (the contact part 5 between the metal guide pipe 5 and the melting furnace 1 is within the heating range of the heating coil II) to prevent the solution from solidifying in the metal guide pipe 5, and the temperature sensor 10 is used for monitoring.

[0029] A closable ceramic plug 11 is installed on the upper part of the metal guide tube 5 near the opening 4. When the molten liquid is released, the ceramic plug 11 is opened to release the liquid.

[0030] The furnace body of smelting furnace 1 is made of ordinary graphite crucible (clay crucibles can also be used according to actual needs). This material has good high temperature resistance and chemical stability, and can withstand the high temperature and chemical corrosion during the lead alloy smelting process. At the same time, the furnace body of smelting furnace 1 is coated with a high temperature resistant and anti-oxidation layer 12, which further enhances the oxidation resistance of the furnace body and extends the service life of the furnace body.

[0031] Work process

[0032] First, the melting furnace 1 is heated by a heating coil. After the lead metal melts and reaches a specific temperature, the metal or intermediate alloy to be added is pressed in using a bell jar. After alloying, a slag remover is added to remove slag and gas, and the mixture is allowed to stand. Once the casting conditions are met, the ceramic valve is opened for casting. (The metal guide pipe 5 is preheated to over 200 degrees Celsius before casting to prevent the solution from solidifying inside the metal guide pipe 5, and this is monitored by a temperature sensor 10.) The upper and lower parts of the metal guide pipe 5 are connected by a flexible connection, allowing the rear pipe to move within a certain range to achieve casting in different molds. Example 2

[0033] This utility model also includes an electric furnace 13, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown, the electric furnace 13 is installed between the smelting furnace 1 and the metal guide pipe 5. The top of the electric furnace 13 is connected to the opening 4 through a pipe, and the bottom of the electric furnace 13 is connected to the metal guide pipe 5 through a pipe. In this embodiment, the electric furnace 13 serves as a stationary furnace (intermediate ladle) to achieve continuous casting.

Claims

1. A slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus, characterized in that, The furnace includes a smelting furnace (1), which is an open structure. A thermocouple (2) is installed on the top of the furnace (1) and extends into the interior of the furnace (1). A heating coil I (3) is wrapped around the outside of the furnace (1). An opening (4) is provided at the bottom of the furnace (1), and a metal guide pipe (5) is connected to the opening (4). The metal guide pipe (5) extends to the casting station and is wrapped around a heating coil II (6).

2. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal guide tube (5) consists of two parts, an upper and an lower part, which are connected by a metal flexible tube (7).

3. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace (1) is provided with a protective sleeve (8) on the outside, and the heating coil I (3) is located inside the protective sleeve (8).

4. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the metal guide tube (5) is fitted with a sleeve (9), and the heating coil II (6) is located inside the sleeve (9).

5. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, A temperature sensor (10) is installed on the sleeve (9) to monitor the heating temperature of the pipeline.

6. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the metal guide tube (5) is made of stainless steel.

7. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the metal guide tube (5) is fitted with an openable and closable ceramic plug (11) near the opening (4).

8. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening area at the top of the smelting furnace (1) accounts for 70%-90% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace body.

9. The slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloy smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body of the smelting furnace (1) is a clay crucible or an ordinary graphite crucible, and the interior of the furnace body of the smelting furnace (1) is coated with a high-temperature resistant and antioxidant layer (12).

10. An electric furnace for smelting slag-free, low-oxidation lead alloys as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electric furnace (13) is installed between the smelting furnace (1) and the metal guide pipe (5). The top of the electric furnace (13) is connected to the opening (4) through a pipe, and the bottom of the electric furnace (13) is connected to the metal guide pipe (5) through a pipe.

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