Net construction type energy storage device combining superconducting flywheel with net construction type converter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a net-forming type energy storage device combining a superconductive flywheel with a net-forming type converter, which belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and comprises a net-forming type converter unit (16) and a superconductive flywheel unit (17) which are electrically connected with each other, the net-forming type converter unit (16) comprises a converter (14) and a virtual impedance control module (15) which are electrically connected with each other, and the superconductive flywheel unit (17) is electrically connected with the superconductive flywheel unit (17). The superconducting flywheel unit (17) comprises a base (11), a lifting device (10), a flywheel main shaft (6), a flywheel rotor (4), an electric / power generation all-in-one machine (3) and the like; the grid-forming type energy storage unit fully utilizes the high output / input characteristic of energy storage of the superconducting flywheel and combines the advanced control technology of the grid-forming type converter, millisecond-level quick response to power grid fluctuation is achieved, the grid-forming type energy storage unit is particularly suitable for frequency modulation work of a power grid, and the stability and reliability of the power grid can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a grid-type energy storage device that combines a superconducting flywheel with a grid-type converter. Background Technology

[0002] Grid-based energy storage units, as an advanced energy storage solution, have a wide range of applications, covering multiple fields from large-scale power grids to distributed energy systems. In solar and wind power generation systems, grid-based energy storage can balance power generation fluctuations and improve grid stability and efficiency. Furthermore, grid-based energy storage units can also act as grid stabilizers, providing rapid power support and voltage regulation, enhancing grid stability and reliability.

[0003] Existing grid-based energy storage units typically employ a combination of lithium batteries and grid-based converters. While this type of grid-based energy storage device offers advantages such as improved grid stability and enhanced renewable energy absorption capacity, there is still room for improvement in its ability to cope with irregular fluctuations in the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grid-type energy storage device that combines a superconducting flywheel with a grid-type converter to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter includes a grid-type converter unit and a superconducting flywheel unit, wherein...

[0007] The grid-type converter unit includes converters and a virtual impedance control module that are electrically connected to each other.

[0008] The superconducting flywheel unit includes, from bottom to top, a base, a lifting device, a cryogenic container, and a vacuum chamber. The cryogenic container is connected to a refrigeration compressor and is equipped with a flywheel spindle. The flywheel spindle passes through the cryogenic container and the vacuum chamber. An integrated electric motor / generator is installed at the upper end of the flywheel spindle, and a flywheel rotor is installed on the upper outer periphery of the flywheel spindle. The integrated electric motor / generator and the flywheel rotor are located inside the vacuum chamber. A superconducting magnetic levitation bearing is installed on the lower outer periphery of the flywheel spindle, and the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing is located inside the cryogenic container.

[0009] The integrated electric motor / generator is electrically connected to the converter.

[0010] Specifically, the generator / electric generator unit and the converter are directly connected via wires to transmit electrical energy. Multi-core cables are typically used to meet the demands of high-power transmission and ensure the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0011] As a core component of energy storage, the superconducting flywheel is designed for high power density and rapid charging and discharging, capable of providing large energy output and input in an extremely short time. The flywheel rotor is preferably made of high-strength composite materials, enabling it to operate at extremely high speeds in a vacuum, and is equipped with superconducting magnetic levitation bearings to reduce frictional losses. The grid-connected converter converts the electrical energy stored in the superconducting flywheel module into AC power suitable for grid connection. It collects grid information through the AC bus, processes it after processing by the virtual impedance control module, and then transmits the information to the superconducting flywheel to guide its rapid charging and discharging in response to grid fluctuations.

[0012] This invention organically combines flywheel energy storage and grid-type converter, enabling the energy storage unit to have a fast response and greater output / input power per unit time. In addition, the flywheel used in this invention is a superconducting flywheel, which, compared with mechanical flywheels, electromagnetic flywheels, and superconducting magnetic levitation bearing support devices, reduces vibration and displacement when the rotor rotates at high speed, and maintains the stable operation of the flywheel system.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a carbon fiber winding layer is provided on the outer periphery of the flywheel rotor, and the carbon fiber winding layer is also located in the vacuum chamber.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, a radial auxiliary bearing is provided at the upper end of the electric / generator integrated machine, and the radial auxiliary bearing is located in the vacuum chamber.

[0015] As a further preferred technical solution, a top mechanical protection bearing is also provided at the upper end of the radial auxiliary bearing, and the top mechanical protection bearing is also located in the vacuum chamber.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, a lower mechanical protection bearing is also provided at the lower end of the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing, and the lower mechanical protection bearing is located inside the cryogenic container.

[0017] The working process and working principle of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] During the operation of a grid-type energy storage system, the voltage and current information on the AC bus are collected in real time. These data can accurately reflect the current operating status of the power grid, including key parameters such as voltage amplitude, phase, and current magnitude.

[0019] Subsequently, this grid information is rapidly transmitted to the virtual impedance control module, the core control component of the grid-connected energy storage system, responsible for complex processing and analysis of the input data. Within the virtual impedance control module, there is a set of preset parameter standards, pre-set according to the grid's stable operation requirements and the system's performance indicators. When the virtual impedance control module processes the collected data and finds a mismatch between the processed information and the preset parameters, it indicates that the grid may be in an unstable state or experiencing fluctuations. At this point, the virtual impedance control module immediately triggers the corresponding control strategy, sending precise commands to the grid-connected converter. Upon receiving these commands, the grid-connected converter quickly sends action commands to the superconducting flywheel according to the requirements. Upon receiving the commands, the superconducting flywheel, with its extremely low frictional losses and high energy conversion efficiency, can rapidly perform charging and discharging operations. During charging, the superconducting flywheel can quickly absorb excess electrical energy from the power grid and convert it into mechanical energy for storage. During discharging, the superconducting flywheel can quickly convert the stored mechanical energy into electrical energy and release it back into the power grid to cope with power grid fluctuations and maintain the stable operation of the power grid.

[0020] This invention enables rapid response to power grid fluctuations within 0.5 seconds. Furthermore, due to the use of superconducting bearings, the flywheel possesses self-recovery capabilities without requiring active control, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications with low power consumption and high speed.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: The energy storage device of this invention organically combines a superconducting flywheel with a grid-type inverter. This innovative combination enables the entire system to achieve a qualitative leap in several key performance indicators. The introduction of the superconducting flywheel not only greatly improves the response speed of the energy storage unit, enabling rapid charging and discharging within milliseconds to meet the stringent requirements of the power grid for rapid dynamic response, but also significantly enhances the energy input and output capacity per unit time, greatly improving the efficiency and flexibility of energy conversion.

[0022] Meanwhile, the application of superconducting bearings, with their unique self-stability, effectively reduces mechanical friction and electrical losses, thereby pushing the stability and energy storage density of energy storage flywheels to a higher limit and opening up new possibilities for the development of energy storage technology. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Top mechanical protection bearing; 2. Radial auxiliary bearing; 3. Electric / generator integrated unit; 4. Flywheel rotor; 5. Carbon fiber winding layer; 6. Flywheel spindle; 7. Vacuum chamber; 8. Cryogenic container; 9. Refrigeration compressor; 10. Lifting device; 11. Base; 12. Superconducting magnetic levitation bearing; 13. Lower mechanical protection bearing; 14. Converter; 15. Virtual impedance control module; 16. Grid-type converter; 17. Superconducting flywheel unit. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the components described below are all existing technologies well known to those skilled in the art. For example, the virtual impedance control module includes a power calculation submodule, a frequency voltage control submodule, a voltage outer loop control submodule, and a voltage inner loop control submodule.

[0027] Example:

[0028] See Figure 1 A grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter includes a grid-type converter unit 16 and a superconducting flywheel unit 17, wherein...

[0029] The grid-type converter unit 16 includes a converter 14 and a virtual impedance control module 15 that are electrically connected to each other.

[0030] The superconducting flywheel unit 17 includes a base 11, a lifting device 10, a cryogenic container 8, and a vacuum chamber 7 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The cryogenic container 8 is connected to a refrigeration compressor 9 and is equipped with a flywheel spindle 6, which passes through the cryogenic container 8 and the vacuum chamber 7. An electric motor / generator 3 is provided at the upper end of the flywheel spindle 6, and a flywheel rotor 4 is provided on the upper outer periphery of the flywheel spindle 6. The electric motor / generator 3 and the flywheel rotor 4 are located inside the vacuum chamber 7. A superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12 is provided on the lower outer periphery of the flywheel spindle 6, and the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12 is located inside the cryogenic container 8.

[0031] The electric motor / generator 3 is electrically connected to the converter 14 via wires;

[0032] In this embodiment, a carbon fiber winding layer 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the flywheel rotor 4, and the carbon fiber winding layer 5 is also located in the vacuum chamber 7.

[0033] A radial auxiliary bearing 2 is provided at the upper end of the electric / generator 3, and the radial auxiliary bearing 2 is located inside the vacuum chamber 7; a top mechanical protection bearing 1 is also provided at the upper end of the radial auxiliary bearing 2, and the top mechanical protection bearing 1 is also located inside the vacuum chamber 7.

[0034] A lower mechanical protection bearing 13 is also provided at the lower end of the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12, and the lower mechanical protection bearing 13 is located inside the cryogenic container 8.

[0035] Among the above-mentioned components:

[0036] The base 11 is located at the bottom of the system and serves as a support platform for the overall structure. All other components are mounted on the base 11.

[0037] Vacuum chamber 7 is enclosed outside the core rotating components (including flywheel rotor 4, flywheel spindle 6, various bearings, etc.) to provide a low-pressure environment to reduce air resistance;

[0038] The cryogenic container 8 is located next to the vacuum chamber 7 and is used to maintain the low-temperature environment required for the superconducting material. It may be filled with cooling media such as liquid nitrogen.

[0039] The refrigeration compressor 9 is directly connected to the cryogenic container 8, and provides continuous cooling capacity to the cryogenic container 8 through the refrigeration cycle;

[0040] The flywheel spindle 6 vertically passes through the center of the system, with its top connected to the top mechanical protection bearing 1 and its bottom connected to the lower mechanical protection bearing 13.

[0041] The superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12 is installed in the middle or near both ends of the flywheel spindle 6, and the superconductor’s antimagnetic properties levitate the spindle to achieve contactless support.

[0042] The flywheel rotor 4 is fixed on the flywheel main shaft 6 and is the core component for energy storage, storing kinetic energy when rotating at high speed.

[0043] A carbon fiber winding layer 5 is wrapped around the outside of the flywheel rotor 4, which enhances the structural stability of the rotor through high-strength materials;

[0044] The radial auxiliary bearing 2 is located around the flywheel main shaft 6 and cooperates with the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12 to provide radial stability and prevent rotor deflection;

[0045] The electric / generator 3 is coaxially connected to the flywheel spindle 6 and is located above the flywheel rotor 4. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through electromagnetic induction.

[0046] The lifting device 10 is installed near the base 11 to temporarily lift the flywheel rotor during system maintenance, so as to prevent the lower mechanical protection bearing 13 from being subjected to long-term pressure.

[0047] The mechanical protection bearing includes a top mechanical protection bearing 1 and a lower mechanical protection bearing 13. The top mechanical protection bearing 1 is located at the top of the flywheel main shaft 6, and the lower protection bearing 13 is located at the bottom of the flywheel main shaft 6. Both are mechanical bearings and are activated only when the superconducting magnetic levitation fails to provide emergency support.

[0048] The flywheel spindle 6 is suspended by a superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12, and its two ends are limited by protective bearings. The flywheel rotor 4 rotates at high speed with the flywheel spindle 6.

[0049] The cryogenic container 8 and the vacuum chamber 7 work together to ensure the cryogenic environment and low wind resistance operation of the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12;

[0050] The electric motor / generator 3 is linked to the flywheel rotor 4 via the flywheel spindle 6 to achieve energy input / output;

[0051] The refrigeration compressor 9 is directly coupled to the cryogenic container 8 to maintain the operating temperature of the superconducting material;

[0052] The overall structure presents a vertically layered layout. The base 11 supports all components, the vacuum chamber 7 and the cryogenic container 8 enclose the core rotating parts, and the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing 12 and the mechanical protection bearing work together to ensure the stable operation of the rotor.

[0053] In actual operation, the grid-type converter 16 collects grid information through the AC bus and transmits this information to the virtual impedance control module 15. The virtual impedance control module 15 processes the grid information and determines whether the current grid status requires the intervention of the energy storage system. If the processed information does not match the preset parameters, it indicates that the grid is fluctuating or unstable, and the virtual impedance control module 15 will immediately send a control signal to the grid-type converter 16. After receiving the signal, the grid-type converter 16 quickly transmits the control command to the superconducting flywheel 17, guiding the superconducting flywheel 17 to perform rapid charging and discharging operations to balance the power demand of the grid and maintain the stable operation of the grid.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter, characterized in that, It includes a grid-type converter unit (16) and a superconducting flywheel unit (17), wherein, The grid-type converter unit (16) includes a converter (14) and a virtual impedance control module (15) that are electrically connected to each other. The superconducting flywheel unit (17) includes a base (11), a lifting device (10), a cryogenic container (8), and a vacuum chamber (7) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The cryogenic container (8) is connected to a refrigeration compressor (9) and is provided with a flywheel spindle (6). The flywheel spindle (6) passes through the cryogenic container (8) and the vacuum chamber (7). An electric motor / generator (3) is provided at the upper end of the flywheel spindle (6), and a flywheel rotor (4) is provided on the upper outer periphery of the flywheel spindle (6). The electric motor / generator (3) and the flywheel rotor (4) are located inside the vacuum chamber (7). A superconducting magnetic levitation bearing (12) is provided on the lower outer periphery of the flywheel spindle (6). The superconducting magnetic levitation bearing (12) is located inside the cryogenic container (8). The electric motor / generator (3) is electrically connected to the converter (14).

2. The grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A carbon fiber winding layer (5) is provided on the outer periphery of the flywheel rotor (4), and the carbon fiber winding layer (5) is also located in the vacuum chamber (7).

3. The grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A radial auxiliary bearing (2) is provided at the upper end of the electric / generator (3), and the radial auxiliary bearing (2) is located inside the vacuum chamber (7).

4. The grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter according to claim 3, characterized in that, A top mechanical protection bearing (1) is also provided at the upper end of the radial auxiliary bearing (2), and the top mechanical protection bearing (1) is also located in the vacuum chamber (7).

5. The grid-type energy storage device combining a superconducting flywheel and a grid-type converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lower mechanical protection bearing (13) is also provided at the lower end of the superconducting magnetic levitation bearing (12), and the lower mechanical protection bearing (13) is located inside the cryogenic container (8).

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