Laser cutting engraving machine laser head with automatic focusing function

Abstract

The utility model provides a laser cutting engraving machine laser head with an automatic focusing function. The laser cutting engraving machine laser head comprises a laser head body, a control mechanism, a cutting nozzle assembly, a lifting table structure, a focusing adjusting mechanism, a driving mechanism and four lifting mechanisms. The cutting nozzle assembly is arranged at the bottom of the laser head body, and the laser head body is located over the lifting table structure. The output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the four lifting mechanisms through the transmission mechanism, the four lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the lifting table structure, and the lifting ends of the lifting mechanisms are connected with the lifting table structure. According to the laser cutting and carving machine laser head with the automatic focusing function, the problem that due to the fact that a laser cutting and carving machine laser head in the related technology does not have the automatic focusing function, the focal length needs to be frequently and manually adjusted when the laser cutting and carving machine laser head faces materials with different thicknesses or uneven surfaces, and the operation time is greatly prolonged is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular relates to a laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function. Background Technology

[0002] The laser head of a laser cutting and engraving machine is a key component that focuses and guides the laser beam to the material surface for cutting or engraving. It typically includes a laser generator, a reflector, and a focusing lens. The laser generator produces the laser beam, the reflector adjusts the laser's direction, and the focusing lens concentrates the laser beam to a small point to improve cutting and engraving accuracy. Precise control of the laser head directly affects the processing effect and efficiency. Because current laser cutting and engraving machines lack automatic focusing, frequent manual focus adjustments are necessary when dealing with materials of varying thicknesses or uneven surfaces, significantly increasing operation time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the related technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function includes a laser head body, a control mechanism, a cutting nozzle assembly, a lifting platform structure, a focusing adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism, and four lifting mechanisms.

[0006] The cutting nozzle assembly is disposed at the bottom of the laser head body, and the laser head body is located directly above the lifting platform structure;

[0007] The output end of the drive mechanism is connected to the four lifting mechanisms through a transmission mechanism. The four lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting platform structure, and the lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the lifting platform structure.

[0008] The cutting nozzle assembly includes a mounting base and a cutting nozzle body. The mounting base is connected to the mounting end plate via a mounting structure. The upper part of the mounting base mates with the focusing lens mount, and the lower part of the mounting base is threadedly connected to the cutting nozzle body.

[0009] The focusing adjustment mechanism includes a cutting nozzle sleeve, a micro switch, a positioning pin, and two elastic positioning devices. The cutting nozzle sleeve is clearance-fitted with the cutting nozzle body. The micro switch and the two elastic positioning devices are all located on the lower end face of the fixed base. The cutting nozzle sleeve is connected to the fixed base through the positioning pin. The upper end face of the cutting nozzle sleeve can trigger the micro switch.

[0010] Both the micro switch and the drive mechanism are connected to the control mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutting nozzle outer sleeve includes two symmetrically arranged outer sleeve shells, which are connected by bolts. The two outer sleeve shells are combined to form a conical structure. The conical structure has a cavity inside that can cooperate with the cutting nozzle body, and the cavity is clearance-fitted with the cutting nozzle body.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic positioning device is a spring positioning pin.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting platform structure includes a platform frame, a honeycomb platform, and two magnetic connection structures. The two magnetic connection structures are symmetrically arranged inside the platform frame. The honeycomb platform is made of a magnetically conductive material. The two magnetic connection structures are detachably connected to the honeycomb platform. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the platform frame through a platform mounting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetic connection structure includes a magnetic base, a magnetic plate, and two positioning rods. The magnetic base is disposed inside the table frame, the magnetic plate is disposed on the magnetic base, and the two positioning rods are disposed on the magnetic plate. The end of the honeycomb table is provided with two grooves that can cooperate with the positioning rods. The magnetic plate is used to attract the honeycomb table.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes two fixing brackets, which are symmetrically arranged inside the table frame. Each fixing bracket includes a limiting block, a fixing plate, and multiple fixing structures. The limiting block is located at the end of the fixing plate, and the multiple fixing structures are arranged on the fixing plate. The fixing plate is detachably connected to the table frame, and the fixing structures are used to fix the blade.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixing structure includes a fixing base and a V-shaped clamping plate. The fixing base is integrally connected to the fixing plate. The inner side of the fixing base is provided with a positioning groove for placing the blade end. One end of the V-shaped clamping plate is connected to the fixing base, and the other end of the V-shaped clamping plate is used to clamp the blade end.

[0017] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw, a screw nut, a platform synchronous wheel, an upper bearing seat, and a lower bearing seat. The upper and lower bearing seats are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the lifting screw. The transmission mechanism drives the lifting screw to rotate through the platform synchronous wheel. The screw nut is arranged on the lifting screw and is detachably connected to the platform frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a synchronous belt and two tensioning mechanisms. The output end of the drive mechanism drives the platform synchronous wheel of the lifting mechanism through the synchronous belt. The two tensioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged, and the tensioning mechanisms are used to tension the synchronous belt.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the laser head of a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function described in this utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. A contact-type triggering mechanism between a microswitch and the cutting nozzle sleeve is adopted to form a real-time displacement-electrical signal conversion link. When the cutting nozzle sleeve is subjected to external force and undergoes axial displacement, the microswitch is immediately triggered to send a pulse signal to the control mechanism. This, in conjunction with the servo compensation action of the drive mechanism, achieves dynamic calibration of the focusing position. The elastic positioning device composed of double spring positioning pins forms a bidirectional damping system, which can absorb processing vibrations and maintain the initial positioning state of the cutting nozzle sleeve through a preset preload, avoiding false triggering caused by uncontrolled displacement.

[0021] 2. Utilizing magnetic clasps, the honeycomb mesa can be quickly and easily locked in place; disassembly requires only a vertical separation force. Compared to traditional bolt fixing, this reduces processing time and is particularly suitable for multi-material switching scenarios. The dual positioning rods form a precise fit with the honeycomb mesa grooves, achieving bidirectional constraint under magnetic attraction: the rod-groove interference fit suppresses X / Y axial displacement; the magnetic clasps generate continuous attraction force, resisting Z-axis separation caused by processing vibrations.

[0022] 3. The V-shaped clamp converts the vibration energy of the blade into the elastic deformation energy of the clamp, and the V-shaped clamp generates a continuous clamping force; the positioning groove can limit the forward and backward movement of the blade; the fixed bracket can effectively solve the problem of blade vibration and displacement when the machine moves at high speed. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function, as described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head body according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing adjustment mechanism structure described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting platform structure described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the fixed card seat and the supporting crossbeam according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed card holder and blade assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed card holder structure described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing structure described in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Table frame; 100. Laser head body; 110. Cutting nozzle body; 200. Cutting nozzle assembly; 210. Outer shell; 220. Fixing base; 230. Micro switch; 240. Spring positioning pin; 250. Positioning pin shaft; 5. Fixing bracket; 50. Fixing structure; 501. Fixing base; 502. V-shaped clamp; 503. Positioning groove; 51. Fixing plate; 8. Blade strip; 9. Honeycomb table; 10. Support beam; 11. Magnetic base; 12. Magnetic plate; 15. Table mounting plate; 16. Lead screw nut; 17. Lead screw; 18. Table synchronous pulley; 19. Upper bearing seat; 24. Drive mechanism; 27. Motor synchronous pulley; 28. Lower bearing seat; 29. ​​Tensioner wheel; 30. Guide rail; 40. Synchronous belt. Detailed Implementation

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a laser head body 100, a control mechanism, a cutting nozzle assembly 200, a lifting platform structure, a focusing adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism 24, and four lifting mechanisms; the cutting nozzle assembly 200 is located at the bottom of the laser head body 100, and the laser head body 100 is located directly above the lifting platform structure; the output end of the drive mechanism 24 is connected to the four lifting mechanisms through a transmission mechanism, and the four lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting platform structure, with the lifting ends of the lifting mechanisms connected to the lifting platform structure;

[0040] The cutting nozzle assembly 200 includes a mounting base 220 and a cutting nozzle body 110. The mounting base 220 is connected to the mounting end plate through a mounting structure. The upper part of the mounting base 220 cooperates with the focusing lens mount, and the lower part of the mounting base 220 is threadedly connected to the cutting nozzle body 110.

[0041] The focusing adjustment mechanism includes a cutting nozzle sleeve, a micro switch 230, a positioning pin 250, and two elastic positioning devices. The cutting nozzle sleeve is clearance-fitted with the cutting nozzle body 110. The micro switch 230 and the two elastic positioning devices are all located on the lower end face of the fixed base 220. The cutting nozzle sleeve is connected to the fixed base 220 via the positioning pin 250, and the upper end face of the cutting nozzle sleeve can trigger the micro switch 230. The micro switch 230 and the drive mechanism 24 are both connected to the control mechanism. A contact-type triggering mechanism between the micro switch 230 and the cutting nozzle sleeve is adopted to form a real-time displacement-electrical signal conversion link. When the cutting nozzle sleeve is subjected to external force and undergoes axial displacement, the micro switch 230 is immediately triggered to send a pulse signal to the control mechanism. In conjunction with the servo compensation action of the drive mechanism 24, dynamic calibration of the focusing position is achieved. The elastic positioning device composed of the double spring positioning pins 240 forms a bidirectional damping system, which can absorb processing vibration and maintain the initial positioning state of the cutting nozzle sleeve through a preset preload, avoiding false triggering caused by uncontrolled displacement.

[0042] The cutting nozzle outer sleeve includes two symmetrically arranged outer sleeve shells 210, which are connected by bolts. The two outer sleeve shells 210 are combined to form a conical structure. The conical structure has a cavity inside that can mate with the cutting nozzle body 110, and the cavity is clearance-fitted with the cutting nozzle body 110. The elastic positioning device is a spring positioning pin 240.

[0043] The lifting platform structure includes a platform frame 1, a honeycomb platform 9, and two magnetic connection structures. The two magnetic connection structures are symmetrically arranged inside the platform frame 1. The honeycomb platform 9 is made of magnetically conductive material. The two magnetic connection structures are detachably connected to the honeycomb platform 9. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the platform frame 1 via a platform mounting plate 15. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw 17, a screw 17 nut 16, a platform synchronous pulley 18, an upper bearing seat 19, and a lower bearing seat 28. The upper bearing seat 19 and lower bearing seat 28 are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the lifting screw 17. The transmission mechanism drives the lifting screw 17 to rotate via the platform synchronous pulley 18. The screw 17 nut 16 is mounted on the lifting screw 17 and is detachably connected to the platform frame 1. The transmission mechanism includes a synchronous belt 40 and two tensioning mechanisms. The output end of the drive mechanism 24 drives the platform synchronous pulley 18 of the lifting mechanism via the synchronous belt 40. The two tensioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged and are used to tension the synchronous belt 40. In this embodiment, the lifting platform is a rectangular structure.

[0044] The magnetic connection structure includes a magnetic base 11, a magnetic plate 12, and two positioning rods. The magnetic base 11 is located inside the platform frame 1, the magnetic plate 12 is mounted on the magnetic base 11, and the two positioning rods are mounted on the magnetic plate 12. The honeycomb platform 9 has two grooves at its end that can engage with the positioning rods. The magnetic plate 12 is used to attract the honeycomb platform 9. Using the magnetic plate 12, the honeycomb platform 9 can be quickly attracted and locked; disassembly only requires a vertical separation force. Compared to traditional bolt fixing, this reduces processing time and is particularly suitable for multi-material switching scenarios. The dual positioning rods and the grooves of the honeycomb platform 9 form a precise fit, achieving bidirectional constraint under magnetic force: the rod-groove interference fit suppresses X / Y axial displacement; the magnetic plate 12 generates a continuous attraction force, resisting Z-axis separation caused by processing vibration.

[0045] It also includes two fixing brackets 5, which are symmetrically arranged inside the table frame 1. Each fixing bracket 5 includes a limiting block, a fixing plate 51, and multiple fixing structures 50. The limiting block is located at the end of the fixing plate 51, and the multiple fixing structures 50 are arranged on the fixing plate 51. The fixing plate 51 is detachably connected to the table frame 1, and the fixing structures 50 are used to fix the blade.

[0046] The fixing structure 50 includes a fixing base 501 and a V-shaped clamping plate 502. The fixing base 501 is integrally connected to the fixing plate 51. The fixing base 501 has a positioning groove 503 on its inner side for placing the blade tip. One end of the V-shaped clamping plate 502 is connected to the fixing base 501, and the other end of the V-shaped clamping plate 502 is used to clamp the blade tip. The V-shaped clamping plate 502 converts the vibration energy of the blade 8 into the elastic deformation energy of the clamping plate, and the V-shaped clamping plate 502 generates a continuous clamping force. The positioning groove 503 can limit the forward and backward movement of the blade 8. The fixing bracket 5 can effectively solve the problem of vibration displacement of the blade 8 when the machine moves at high speed.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function, characterized in that: It includes a laser head body (100), a control mechanism, a cutting nozzle assembly (200), a lifting platform structure, a focusing adjustment mechanism, a drive mechanism (24), and four lifting mechanisms; The cutting nozzle assembly (200) is disposed at the bottom of the laser head body (100), and the laser head body (100) is located directly above the lifting platform structure; The output end of the drive mechanism (24) is connected to the four lifting mechanisms through a transmission mechanism. The four lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting platform structure. The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the lifting platform structure. The cutting nozzle assembly (200) includes a fixing seat (220) and a cutting nozzle body (110). The fixing seat (220) is connected to the mounting end plate through a mounting structure. The upper part of the fixing seat (220) cooperates with the focusing lens mount, and the lower part of the fixing seat (220) is threadedly connected to the cutting nozzle body (110). The focusing adjustment mechanism includes a cutting nozzle sleeve, a micro switch (230), a positioning pin (250), and two elastic positioning devices. The cutting nozzle sleeve is clearance-fitted with the cutting nozzle body (110). The micro switch (230) and the two elastic positioning devices are all located on the lower end face of the fixed base (220). The cutting nozzle sleeve is connected to the fixed base (220) through the positioning pin (250). The upper end face of the cutting nozzle sleeve can trigger the micro switch (230). The micro switch (230) and the drive mechanism (24) are both connected to the control mechanism.

2. The laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting nozzle outer sleeve includes two symmetrically arranged outer sleeve shells (210), which are connected by bolts. The two outer sleeve shells (210) are combined to form a conical structure. The conical structure has a cavity inside that can cooperate with the cutting nozzle body (110). The cavity is clearance-fitted with the cutting nozzle body (110).

3. The laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic positioning device is a spring positioning pin (240).

4. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The lifting platform structure includes a platform frame (1), a honeycomb platform (9), and two magnetic connection structures. The two magnetic connection structures are symmetrically arranged inside the platform frame (1). The honeycomb platform (9) is made of magnetic material. The two magnetic connection structures are detachably connected to the honeycomb platform (9). The lifting end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the platform frame (1) through a platform mounting plate (15).

5. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic connection structure includes a magnetic base (11), a magnetic piece (12), and two positioning rods. The magnetic base (11) is located inside the table frame (1). The magnetic piece (12) is located on the magnetic base (11). The two positioning rods are located on the magnetic piece (12). The end of the honeycomb table (9) is provided with two grooves that can cooperate with the positioning rods. The magnetic piece (12) is used to attract the honeycomb table (9).

6. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes two fixing brackets (5), which are symmetrically arranged inside the table frame (1). Each fixing bracket (5) includes a limiting block, a fixing plate (51), and multiple fixing structures (50). The limiting block is located at the end of the fixing plate (51), and the multiple fixing structures (50) are arranged on the fixing plate (51). The fixing plate (51) is detachably connected to the table frame (1), and the fixing structures (50) are used to fix the blade.

7. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing structure (50) includes a fixing base (501) and a V-shaped clamp (502). The fixing base (501) is integrally connected with the fixing plate (51). The fixing base (501) has a positioning groove (503) for placing the blade end on its inner side. One end of the V-shaped clamp (502) is connected to the fixing base (501), and the other end of the V-shaped clamp (502) is used to clamp the blade end.

8. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw (17), a screw (17) nut (16), a platform synchronous wheel (18), an upper bearing seat (19), and a lower bearing seat (28). The upper bearing seat (19) and the lower bearing seat (28) are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the lifting screw (17). The transmission mechanism drives the lifting screw (17) to rotate through the platform synchronous wheel (18). The screw (17) nut (16) is arranged on the lifting screw (17). The screw (17) nut (16) is detachably connected to the platform frame (1).

9. A laser head for a laser cutting and engraving machine with automatic focusing function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a synchronous belt (40) and two tensioning mechanisms. The output end of the drive mechanism (24) drives the platform synchronous wheel (18) of the lifting mechanism through the synchronous belt (40). The two tensioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged and are used to tension the synchronous belt (40).

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