Plastic extruder

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of extruders, and discloses a plastic extruder which comprises an extruder body and a hopper, a blockage breaking mechanism is arranged right above a feed port of the extruder body, and a cover plate is arranged at an opening in the top of the hopper; the blocking breaking mechanism comprises a fixing cylinder, a blocking breaking rod is arranged in the fixing cylinder and comprises a top rod at the top and a bottom rod at the bottom, the top rod and the bottom rod are connected through a limiting block, a spring is arranged between the limiting block and the cover plate, a sliding shoe is arranged at the free end of the top rod, the blocking breaking mechanism further comprises a cam unit, and the cam unit comprises a motor. A cam is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, the arc-shaped working face of the cam makes contact with the arc face of the sliding shoe, and multiple layers of inserting rod assemblies are arranged on the periphery of the bottom rod. The blockage breaking mechanism is arranged, a blockage breaking rod and an insertion rod do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction through rotation of a cam, and raw materials are disturbed in the vertical moving process of the insertion rod, so that the phenomena of bridging and blockage in the hopper are prevented, and smooth and stable feeding is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of extruder technology, specifically relating to a plastic extruder. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic extruders are core equipment in the field of polymer material processing. Their core function is to transform solid plastic into a homogeneous melt and force it to be extruded through the coordinated action of a rotating screw and a heated barrel. The extrusion process mainly includes feeding, melting, and compression molding. Feeding is typically done using a hopper, which in current technology is generally shaped like an inverted frustum, with its diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom.

[0003] During actual feeding, due to changes in the hopper diameter and friction between raw materials, the raw materials are very likely to form an arched blockage in the hopper, i.e., a "bridging" phenomenon, causing uneven feeding or even blockage, thus affecting the production efficiency of the extruder. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a plastic extruder to solve the technical problem of easy blockage in the hopper in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A plastic extruder includes an extruder body and a hopper connected to the feed inlet of the extruder body. A blockage breaking mechanism is provided directly above the feed inlet of the extruder body, and a cover plate for sealing is provided at the top opening of the hopper. The blockage breaking mechanism includes a fixed cylinder disposed on the bottom surface of the cover plate. The fixed cylinder is hollow to form a sliding space. A limit hole is opened on the bottom plate of the sliding space. A blockage breaking rod is provided inside the fixed cylinder. The blockage breaking rod includes a top rod at the top and a bottom rod at the bottom. The top rod and the bottom rod are connected by a limit block. The limit block is located in the sliding space and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. The top rod extends vertically upward through the cover plate and protrudes. A spring is provided between the limit block and the cover plate. The spring is sleeved around the top rod. A slip shoe is provided on the free end of the top rod. The blockage breaking mechanism also includes a cam unit located above the cover plate. The cam unit includes a motor. A cam is provided on the output shaft of the motor. The arc-shaped working surface of the cam contacts the arc surface of the slip shoe. A multi-layer insert rod assembly is provided at intervals along the vertical direction around the bottom rod. Each insert rod assembly includes multiple insert rods evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the spring is always in a stretched state, and under the spring's rebound action, the cam and the slipper always maintain close contact;

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding shoe is semi-circular in shape, with one side of the curved surface of the sliding shoe facing vertically upwards, and the plane on the opposite side of the curved surface is fixedly connected to the top surface of the top rod;

[0009] Furthermore, the insert rod includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, wherein the vertical section extends downward in the vertical direction, and the free end of the vertical section is rounded to reduce resistance. The size of the insert rod in different layers of insert rod assembly gradually decreases in the direction away from the cover plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the limiting block is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, the diameter of the top rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, the diameter of the bottom rod is the same as the inner diameter of the limiting hole, and the inner diameter of the limiting hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, by setting up a blockage breaking mechanism, the rotation of the cam causes the blockage breaking rod and the insert rod to reciprocate in the vertical direction. During the up and down movement of the insert rod, the raw materials are disturbed, thereby preventing bridging and blockage in the hopper and ensuring smooth and stable feeding. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the following drawings are provided for illustration:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plastic extruder in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A1;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hopper and the blockage breaking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A2 in the middle.

[0018] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram:

[0019] Extruder body 1, hopper 2, cover plate 201, feed inlet 202, blockage breaking mechanism 3, fixed cylinder 301, blockage breaking rod 302, top rod 303, bottom rod 304, limit block 305, spring 306, slipper 307, cam 308, motor 309, fixed seat 310, insertion rod 311, limit hole 312. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1, specifically as follows: Figures 1-4 As shown.

[0021] A plastic extruder includes an extruder body 1 and a hopper 2 connected to the feed inlet of the extruder body 1. A blockage breaking mechanism 3 is provided directly above the feed inlet of the extruder body 1.

[0022] likeFigure 1 As shown, the hopper 2 includes a top flared section and a bottom constricted section connected to the top flared section. The flared section and the constricted section are integrally formed. The flared section is in the shape of an inverted frustum, that is, the diameter gradually decreases from top to bottom. The constricted section is annular, and the inner diameter of the constricted section is the same as the diameter of the feed inlet of the extruder body 1, and the two are directly opposite each other. The bottom surface of the hopper 2 is welded and fixed to the top surface of the extruder body 1. A cover plate 201 for sealing is provided at the top opening of the hopper 2. The hopper 2 and the cover plate 201 are fixedly connected by screws. A circular feed inlet 202 is opened at the edge of the cover plate 201, and the raw materials to be processed are conveyed into the hopper 2 through the feed inlet 202.

[0023] The unblocking mechanism 3 includes a fixed cylinder 301 disposed on the bottom surface of the cover plate 201. The axis of the fixed cylinder 301 coincides with the axis of the hopper 2. The fixed cylinder 301 extends vertically in the direction towards the feed inlet of the extruder body 1. The top of the fixed cylinder 301 is open, and the top surface of the fixed cylinder 301 is welded and fixed to the bottom surface of the cover plate 201. The interior of the fixed cylinder 301 is hollow to form a sliding space. A limiting hole 312 is opened on the bottom plate of the sliding space. The inner diameter of the limiting hole 312 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 301.

[0024] The fixed cylinder 301 contains a plugging rod 302, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the fixed cylinder 301. The plugging rod 302 includes a top rod 303 and a bottom rod 304. The top rod 303 and the bottom rod 304 are connected by a limiting block 305. Specifically, the bottom surface of the top rod 303 is welded to the top surface of the limiting block 305, and the top surface of the bottom rod 304 is welded to the bottom surface of the limiting block 305. It is worth noting that the axes of the top rod 303, the bottom rod 304, and the limiting block 305 are coincident.

[0025] The limiting block 305 is located within the sliding space and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 301. In this embodiment, the diameter of the limiting block 305 is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 301. The diameter of the top rod 303 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 301. The top rod 303 extends vertically upward through the cover plate 201 and protrudes. The diameter of the bottom rod 304 is the same as the inner diameter of the limiting hole 312. The bottom rod 304 extends vertically downward.

[0026] A spring 306 is provided between the limiting block 305 and the cover plate 201. The spring 306 is sleeved around the top rod 303, providing vertical elastic support for the plugging rod 302. Specifically, the spring 306 extends vertically, with its bottom end welded to the top surface of the limiting block 305 and its top end welded to the bottom surface of the cover plate 201. It is worth emphasizing that the spring 306 is always in a stretched state.

[0027] The free end of the push rod 303 is provided with a semi-circular block-shaped sliding shoe 307. One side of the arc surface of the sliding shoe 307 faces vertically upward, and the plane on the opposite side of the arc surface is welded and fixed to the top surface of the push rod 303.

[0028] The unblocking mechanism 3 also includes a cam unit located above the cover plate 201, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cam unit includes a motor 309, and a cam 308 is provided on the output shaft of the motor 309. Specifically, the output shaft of the motor 309 extends into the camshaft hole, and the two are fixed by a key connection. The arc-shaped working surface of the cam 308 contacts the arc surface of the slide shoe 307, and under the rebound action of the spring 306, the cam 308 and the slide shoe 307 always maintain close contact.

[0029] The motor 309 and the cover plate 201 are connected by a fixing seat 310. In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the fixing seat 310 is welded to the cover plate 201, and the top surface of the fixing seat 310 is welded to the motor 309.

[0030] The base rod 304 is surrounded by multiple layers of insert rod 311 assemblies spaced vertically. Each layer of insert rod 311 assembly includes multiple insert rods 311 evenly distributed circumferentially. Each insert rod 311 includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, wherein the vertical section extends downward in the vertical direction, and the free end of the vertical section is rounded to reduce resistance. Further noteworthy is that the dimensions of the insert rods 311 in different layers of insert rod 311 assemblies gradually decrease in the direction away from the cover plate 201.

[0031] In use, firstly, raw materials are fed into the hopper through the feed inlet 202. Then, the motor 309 is turned on, and the cam 308 rotates under the drive of the motor 309. The rotation of the cam 308 causes the unblocking rod 302 and the insert rod 311 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. During the up and down movement of the insert rod 311, the raw materials are disturbed, thereby preventing bridging and blockage in the hopper 2 and ensuring smooth and stable feeding.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A plastic extruder, characterized in that, The device includes an extruder body and a hopper connected to the extruder body's feed inlet. A blockage-breaking mechanism is located directly above the extruder body's feed inlet, and a cover plate for sealing is located at the top opening of the hopper. The blockage-breaking mechanism includes a fixed cylinder located on the bottom surface of the cover plate. The fixed cylinder is hollow, forming a sliding space. A limit hole is opened on the bottom plate of the sliding space. A blockage-breaking rod is located inside the fixed cylinder. The blockage-breaking rod includes a top rod and a bottom rod. The top rod and the bottom rod are connected by a limit block. The limit block is located in the sliding space and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. The top rod extends vertically upward, passes through the cover plate, and protrudes. A spring is located between the limit block and the cover plate. The spring is sleeved around the top rod. A slip shoe is located on the free end of the top rod. The blockage-breaking mechanism also includes a cam unit located above the cover plate. The cam unit includes a motor. A cam is located on the output shaft of the motor. The arc-shaped working surface of the cam contacts the arc surface of the slip shoe. A multi-layer insert rod assembly is arranged at intervals along the vertical direction around the bottom rod. Each layer of insert rod assembly includes multiple insert rods evenly distributed along the circumference.

2. The plastic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring is always in a stretched state, and under the spring's rebound action, the cam and the slipper always maintain close contact.

3. The plastic extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding shoe is semi-circular in shape, with one side of the curved surface of the sliding shoe facing vertically upwards, and the plane on the opposite side of the curved surface is fixedly connected to the top surface of the top rod.

4. The plastic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insert rod includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, wherein the vertical section extends downward in the vertical direction and the free end of the vertical section is rounded to reduce resistance. The size of the insert rod in different layers of insert rod assembly gradually decreases in the direction away from the cover plate.

5. The plastic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the limiting block is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, the diameter of the top rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, the diameter of the bottom rod is the same as the inner diameter of the limiting hole, and the inner diameter of the limiting hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder.

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