Real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape amount and cement dissolution rate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil disintegration air escape amount and cement dissolution rate real-time monitoring device which comprises a disintegration tank, the disintegration tank is arranged on a base, a water injection pipe with a valve is arranged at the top of the disintegration tank, a water drainage pipe with a valve is arranged at the bottom of the disintegration tank, and a support is arranged above the disintegration tank. The mechanical sensing unit comprises a lifting rope, a lifting hook, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor and a second tension sensor, and the electrochemical monitoring unit comprises an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a direct-current power supply and a cathode electrode plate which are sequentially connected in series through wires to form a closed monitoring loop. Quantifying the dissolution rate of the cement by monitoring a current signal corresponding to the ion concentration change in the solution; the high-definition camera collects disintegration images in real time and synchronously transmits the disintegration images and sensor data to the server. According to the device, through the combined action of the mechanical sensing unit and the electrochemical monitoring unit, the limitation of single-parameter monitoring is solved, and key data support is provided for stability evaluation of geotechnical engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of soil disintegration technology, specifically relating to a real-time monitoring device for the amount of air released during soil disintegration and the dissolution rate of cementitious materials. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering construction in areas with residual granite soil, the disintegration characteristics of the residual soil are a key factor affecting slope stability, foundation bearing capacity, and the safety of underground structures. Soil disintegration is essentially the result of a coupling effect between physical water absorption and chemical dissolution processes: on the one hand, after the soil sample is soaked in water, air in the pores gradually escapes during the water absorption process, leading to expansion of the soil pore structure, changes in the effective stress between particles, and the loosening of the initial structure; on the other hand, cementing materials (such as soluble salts, free oxides, etc.) dissolve in water to form Ca. 2 Anions and cations such as Mg2+ and Mg2+ cause the cementation strength between soil particles to decrease, eventually leading to disintegration and failure.

[0003] Traditional disintegration tests primarily evaluate soil disintegration resistance by measuring the amount or time of soil disintegration. Chinese Patent No. 202122626580.3 discloses a soil disintegration tester simulating various working conditions. Using a high-definition camera and tensile sensor, it records images and weight changes of soil samples during disintegration under conditions such as still water, precipitation, and groundwater level fluctuations. Chinese Patent No. 202210181465.6 discloses a soil disintegration tester that also measures the effect of air bubbles. This invention introduces an air bubble generation component, considering the influence of air bubbles on the soil disintegration process, and uses an electronic scale instead of a float, improving the accuracy of weight monitoring under the influence of air bubbles. These technologies have significantly improved the convenience and accuracy of soil disintegration characteristic detection, but they still have the following limitations: 1) During soil disintegration, the amount of air released is directly related to the amount of water absorbed, but existing devices only indirectly reflect the amount of water absorbed through weight changes, without independently monitoring the buoyancy changes caused by air release, leading to systematic biases in the results; 2) Existing technologies do not involve monitoring changes in solution ion concentration caused by cementitious dissolution, and cannot explain phenomena such as "why the disintegration rate of some soil samples suddenly increases after water saturation," resulting in the understanding of the disintegration mechanism remaining at the macroscopic level. Therefore, it is urgent to design a device for real-time monitoring of soil disintegration air release and cementitious dissolution rate, and to quantify the interaction between physical water absorption and chemical dissolution through dual-parameter synergistic analysis, which is of great significance for disintegration mechanism research and engineering stability assessment. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problem that existing soil disintegration tests cannot simultaneously monitor the physical water absorption and chemical dissolution processes, this invention provides a real-time monitoring device for air escape and cement dissolution rate during soil disintegration. The purpose is to overcome the limitations of single-parameter monitoring by combining mechanical sensing units and electrochemical monitoring units, thereby achieving coupled analysis of physical water absorption and chemical dissolution during the disintegration process and providing key data support for geotechnical engineering stability assessment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] The real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air emission and cement dissolution rate includes a base, disintegration tank, support, mechanical sensing unit, electrochemical monitoring unit, high-definition camera and server;

[0007] The disintegration tank is mounted on the base, with a water injection pipe with a valve at the top and a drain pipe with a valve at the bottom. A support is mounted above the disintegration tank.

[0008] The mechanical sensing unit includes a suspension rope, a hook, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor, and a second tension sensor. One end of each suspension rope is suspended from the top of the support by the hook. The gas collector and the grid plate are suspended in the disintegration tank by the other ends of the two suspension ropes, with the gas collector located above the grid plate. The first tension sensor and the second tension sensor are respectively located on the two suspension ropes.

[0009] The electrochemical monitoring unit includes an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a DC power supply, and a cathode electrode plate, which are connected in series via wires to form a closed monitoring circuit; the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are symmetrically attached to both sides of the inner wall of the disintegration tank.

[0010] Two high-definition cameras are mounted on both sides of the bracket via adjustable bracket arms. The server is connected to the first tension sensor, the second tension sensor, the ammeter, and the high-definition cameras, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are rectangular platinum sheets of the same size, and their surfaces are electrochemically polished, with the bottom edge 5 cm away from the bottom of the disintegration tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas collector is a disc-shaped cover made of glass, with a bottom diameter larger than the soil sample size and a hook on the top surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the ammeter is a high-precision digital ammeter with a measurement accuracy of 1μA.

[0014] Furthermore, the grid plate is square in shape, and the size and grid density of the grid plate are set according to the actual experimental requirements.

[0015] Advantages of this utility model

[0016] This invention relates to a real-time monitoring device for air emission and cementitious material dissolution during soil disintegration. Through the innovative integration of a mechanical sensing unit and an electrochemical monitoring unit, it enables simultaneous real-time monitoring of both air emission and cementitious material dissolution during soil disintegration, as well as dynamic coupled analysis of physical water absorption and chemical dissolution during the process, overcoming the limitations of traditional single-dimensional monitoring. The device uses an adjustable support arm to adjust the vertical viewing angle of high-definition cameras on both sides of the disintegration tank, allowing for real-time capture and synchronous transmission of soil sample disintegration morphology to a server, providing visualized data support for the dynamic analysis of the disintegration process. The gas collector is suspended directly above the grid plate by a rope. Combined with first and second tension sensors and Archimedes' principle calculations, it can quantify the amount of air escaping and water absorption in real time. A closed monitoring loop consisting of an inert electrode plate, a DC power supply, a switch, and a galvanometer can dynamically capture changes in solution current caused by the dissolution of cementitious materials. This invention not only monitors changes in soil sample weight and air escaping but also quantifies the dissolution rate of cementitious materials through an electrochemical monitoring unit. It enables a more comprehensive analysis of the soil disintegration process, revealing the interaction between physical water absorption and chemical dissolution. It is suitable for studying soil disintegration characteristics in geotechnical engineering and has high practical value. Furthermore, the device adopts a modular design, is easy to operate, provides accurate readings, and facilitates standardized operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape and cement dissolution rate of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the electrochemical monitoring unit in the device.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Three-dimensional graphs showing the changes in disintegration rate, cement dissolution rate, and air escape rate of soil samples with 85% compaction and 20% initial moisture content over time.

[0020] in:

[0021] 1: Support; 2: Base; 3: Disintegration tank; 4: Grid plate; 5: Gas collector; 6: First tensile sensor; 7: Second tensile sensor; 8: Hook; 9: Water injection pipe; 10: Drainage pipe; 11: Server; 12: Soil sample; 13a: Inert electrode plate one; 13b: Inert electrode plate two; 14: Wire; 15: Ammeter; 16: Switch; 17: DC power supply; 18: High-definition camera. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air emission and cement dissolution rate provided in this specific embodiment includes a base, a disintegration tank, a support, a mechanical sensing unit, an electrochemical monitoring unit, a high-definition camera, and a server.

[0024] The disintegration tank 3 is made of transparent acrylic sheet and is mounted on the base 2. A water injection pipe 9 with a valve is located at the top of the disintegration tank 3, and a drain pipe 10 with a valve is located at the bottom. A bracket 1, made of stainless steel, is positioned above the disintegration tank 3 and has a door-frame structure. This design not only ensures the stability and durability of the bracket 1, but its simple appearance also facilitates installation and operation. The bracket 1 serves to suspend the mesh plate 4 and the gas collector 5 within the disintegration tank 3 and to mount the high-definition camera 18.

[0025] The mechanical sensing unit includes suspension ropes, hooks 8, a gas collector 5, a grid plate 4, a first tension sensor 6, and a second tension sensor 7. One end of each suspension rope is suspended from the top of the support 1 via hooks 8, which are positioned above the disintegration trough 3 to suspend the grid plate 4 and the gas collector 5, ensuring their positional stability within the disintegration trough 3. The other ends of the two suspension ropes 4 and the grid plate 5 are suspended within the disintegration trough 3, with the gas collector 5 located directly above the grid plate 4. The gas collector 4 is a disc-shaped cover made of glass, with a bottom diameter larger than the soil sample 12 and a hook on its top surface. The first tension sensor 6 and the second tension sensor 7 are respectively mounted on the two suspension ropes. The first tension sensor 6 is used to monitor the weight change of the soil sample 12 in real time, and the second tension sensor 7 is used to monitor the weight change of the soil sample 12 and the buoyancy signal of the gas collector 5 in real time.

[0026] Gas collector 5 is used to collect the air released from soil sample 12 during soil disintegration.

[0027] The grid plate 4 is used to load soil sample 12, allowing the solution to permeate freely.

[0028] The working principle of the mechanical sensing unit is as follows:

[0029] Soil sample weight monitoring: The first tension sensor 6 is connected to the grid plate 4 via a suspension rope, on which the soil sample 12 is placed. When the soil sample 12 disintegrates and its weight changes, the first tension sensor 6 can sense this weight change in real time and convert the change signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the server 11, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the weight change of the soil sample 12.

[0030] Gas buoyancy monitoring: The second tension sensor 7 is connected to the gas collector 5 via a suspension rope, and the gas collector 5 is located directly above the grid plate 4. During soil disintegration, the air escaping from the soil sample 12 is collected by the gas collector 5, which experiences buoyancy due to the collected air. The second tension sensor 7 can monitor the changes in this buoyancy signal in real time and convert it into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the server 11. This enables real-time monitoring of the buoyancy signal of the gas collector 5, indirectly reflecting the changes in the amount of air released during soil disintegration.

[0031] The electrochemical monitoring unit includes an anode electrode plate 13a, a galvanometer 15, a switch 16, a DC power supply 17, and a cathode electrode plate 13b, which are connected in series via wires to form a closed monitoring loop. The positive terminal of the DC power supply 17 is connected to the anode electrode plate 13a via a wire, and the negative terminal is connected to the cathode electrode plate 13b via a wire. The anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b are rectangular platinum sheets of the same size, symmetrically attached to both sides of the inner wall of the disintegration tank 3. The surfaces of the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b are electrochemically polished, and their bottom edges are 5 cm away from the bottom of the disintegration tank to prevent soil sample 12 from collapsing and covering the surfaces of the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b. The galvanometer 15 is a high-precision digital galvanometer with a measurement accuracy of 1 μA. The grid plate 4 is square in shape, and its size and grid density are set according to the actual experimental requirements. The switch 16 is used to control the on / off state of the closed monitoring loop in the electrochemical monitoring unit, facilitating the start and stop of the experiment.

[0032] The working principle of the electrochemical monitoring unit is as follows:

[0033] At the start of the experiment, the closed monitoring circuit in the electrochemical monitoring unit is closed by switch 16, and a constant voltage is applied to the anode electrode plate 13a and the cathode electrode plate 13b by DC power supply 17. As the cementitious material in soil sample 12 dissolves, anions and cations are generated, increasing the conductivity of the solution. Ammeter 15 can monitor the change in the circuit current value in real time. Since there is a linear relationship between the dissolution rate of cementitious material and the change in current, server 11 uses a preset linear relationship formula to quantitatively calculate the dissolution rate of cementitious material in soil sample 12 based on the real-time current value change transmitted by ammeter 15.

[0034] Two high-definition cameras 18 are respectively mounted on both sides of the bracket 1 via adjustable bracket arms. The high-definition cameras 18 adopt high-definition imaging modules with a resolution of not less than 1080P and acquire real-time images of the soil sample disintegration process at a acquisition frequency of 1 frame / second. Before the experiment, the height of the high-definition cameras 18 is adjusted by the bracket arms so that the center of the lens is level with the top surface of the soil sample. The image is previewed in real time by the server 11 and adjusted so that the disintegration area is completely in the frame.

[0035] The working principle of the high-definition camera is as follows:

[0036] Before the experiment, the height of the high-definition camera 18 was adjusted using the support arm to align the center of the lens with the top surface of the soil sample. The image was previewed in real time via the server 11, and the camera was adjusted to ensure the entire disintegration area was within the frame. The high-definition camera 18 transmitted the captured images to the server 11 in real time. The server 11 synchronously received the real-time data from the high-definition camera at a frequency of 1Hz, thereby achieving real-time capture and recording of the soil sample disintegration morphology.

[0037] Server 11 is connected to the first tension sensor 6, the second tension sensor 7, the ammeter 15, and the high-definition camera 18 via data cables.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] Experimental preparation: During the soil disintegration test, soil sample 12 was placed on grid plate 4, and high-purity deionized distilled water was injected through water injection pipe 9 to submerge soil sample 12 in water. At this time, gas collector 5 was located directly above grid plate 4, ready to collect air released during the disintegration of soil sample 12; electrochemical monitoring unit was in standby mode; high-definition camera 18 had been adjusted in position and angle, ready to acquire images.

[0040] Experiment Start-up: Switch 16 is turned on, the electrochemical monitoring unit starts working, DC power supply 17 applies a constant voltage to the anode electrode plate 13a and cathode electrode plate 13b, and ammeter 15 begins to monitor the loop current value in real time. Simultaneously, high-definition camera 18 begins to acquire images of the soil sample disintegration process at a frequency of 1 frame / second and transmits them to server 11 in real time. The first tensile sensor 6 and the second tensile sensor 7 in the mechanical sensing unit also begin to monitor the weight change of soil sample 12 and the buoyancy signal of gas collector 5 in real time.

[0041] Data Synchronization and Processing: Server 11 synchronously receives real-time data transmitted from the first tension sensor 6, the second tension sensor 7, the ammeter 15, and the high-definition camera 18 at a frequency of 1Hz. Based on the change in current value of the ammeter 15, server 11 quantifies and calculates the dissolution rate of cement in soil sample 12 using a preset linear relationship formula. Simultaneously, server 11 stores and analyzes the soil sample disintegration morphology images captured by the high-definition camera 18, and combines this with the soil sample weight change and gas buoyancy signal monitored by the mechanical sensing unit to comprehensively analyze various physical and chemical changes during the soil disintegration process.

[0042] Experiment End: When the predetermined time has elapsed or soil sample 12 has disintegrated to a certain extent, switch 16 is turned off to stop the operation of the electrochemical monitoring unit; simultaneously, image acquisition by the high-definition camera 18 is stopped. The solution in the disintegration tank 3 is drained through drain pipe 10, completing the experiment. Server 11 further analyzes and processes the data collected throughout the experiment to obtain detailed results on the amount of air released during soil disintegration and the dissolution rate of cementitious materials, providing accurate data support for the study of soil disintegration mechanisms.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape and cementitious material dissolution rate, characterized in that, Includes a base, disintegration tank, support, mechanical sensing unit, electrochemical monitoring unit, high-definition camera, and server; The disintegration tank is mounted on the base, with a water injection pipe with a valve at the top and a drain pipe with a valve at the bottom. A support is mounted above the disintegration tank. The mechanical sensing unit includes a suspension rope, a hook, a gas collector, a grid plate, a first tension sensor, and a second tension sensor. One end of each suspension rope is suspended from the top of the support by the hook. The gas collector and the grid plate are suspended in the disintegration tank by the other ends of the two suspension ropes, with the gas collector located above the grid plate. The first tension sensor and the second tension sensor are respectively located on the two suspension ropes. The electrochemical monitoring unit includes an anode electrode plate, a galvanometer, a switch, a DC power supply, and a cathode electrode plate, which are connected in series via wires to form a closed monitoring circuit; the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are symmetrically attached to both sides of the inner wall of the disintegration tank. Two high-definition cameras are mounted on both sides of the bracket via adjustable bracket arms. The server is connected to the first tension sensor, the second tension sensor, the ammeter, and the high-definition cameras, respectively.

2. The real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape and cementitious material dissolution rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode and cathode electrode plates are rectangular platinum sheets of the same size, with surfaces treated by electrochemical polishing, and the bottom edge is 5 cm from the bottom of the disintegration tank.

3. The real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air emission and cementitious material dissolution rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collector is a disc-shaped cover made of glass, with a bottom diameter larger than the soil sample size and a hook on the top surface.

4. The real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape and cementitious material dissolution rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammeter is a high-precision digital ammeter with a measurement accuracy of 1μA.

5. The real-time monitoring device for soil disintegration air escape and cementitious material dissolution rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid plate is square in shape, and its size and grid density are set according to the actual experimental requirements.

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