Light-transmitting structural member and lighting window

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a light-transmitting structural member and a lighting window. The light-transmitting structural member is used for transmitting visible light. The light-transmitting structural member has a reference surface, and the light-transmitting structural member coincides with the reference surface. The light-transmitting structural member is provided with a light-transmitting texture area, the surface of the light-transmitting texture area is a free-form surface, and the free-form surface has a non-uniform refraction effect on visible light. Any point on the free-form surface has a vector height relative to the reference surface, and the vector height of any point is a vertical distance from the point to the reference surface; the value range of the rise of all points on the free-form surface is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3mm. The light-transmitting structural member can be applied to indoor lighting of a building, and after outdoor light penetrates through the light-transmitting structural member, a special projection lighting effect can be projected on an indoor target surface (such as a floor or a wall surface).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of lighting devices, and more specifically, to a light-transmitting structural component and a lighting window. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the development of people's pursuit of art and aesthetics, their requirements for the lighting effects inside buildings are also increasing. Generally, people use artificial light sources such as lamps and projections to create specific lighting effects, such as starry sky effects or aurora effects. However, these artificial light sources can only achieve the corresponding lighting effects in relatively dim indoor lighting conditions. When people need to achieve special lighting effects in bright environments, the light from artificial light sources is basically insufficient to meet their needs. Utility Model Content

[0003] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a light-transmitting structural component for transmitting visible light. The light-transmitting structural component has a reference surface, which coincides with the reference surface. The light-transmitting structural component has a light-transmitting textured area, the surface of which is a freeform surface, which has a non-uniform refractive effect on visible light. Any point on the freeform surface has a sag relative to the reference surface, and the sag of any point is the perpendicular distance from that point to the reference surface; the sag values ​​for all points on the freeform surface range from 0 to 3 millimeters.

[0004] In some possible embodiments, the light-transmitting structural member has a first side and a second side that are opposite to each other, the second side serving as the incident surface for visible light, and the light-transmitting textured area located on the first side.

[0005] In some possible embodiments, there are multiple translucent texture regions, which are distributed on both the first and second sides.

[0006] In some possible embodiments, the light-transmitting textured area is used to guide visible light to the target surface to form a specified texture pattern on the target surface; the incident angle of visible light on the light-transmitting structure is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90 degrees; the angle between the target surface and the light-transmitting structure is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90 degrees.

[0007] In some possible embodiments, the specified texture pattern includes a first pattern portion and a second pattern portion, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are interwoven with each other, the average light energy distribution of the first pattern portion is greater than the average light energy distribution of the second pattern portion, and the ratio of the area of ​​the first pattern portion to the area of ​​the second pattern portion ranges from 85:15 to 95:5.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, the area of ​​the specified texture pattern is larger than the area of ​​the translucent texture region.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, the transmittance of the translucent texture region to visible light ranges from 85% to 96%.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the reference surface is a plane, and the light-transmitting structural component extends along the reference surface. The structure of the light-transmitting structural component includes at least one of the following plate structures: acrylic plate, glass plate, transparent ceramic plate, and polycarbonate plate.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, the translucent texture area is divided into multiple adjacent sub-regions, and freeform surfaces are distributed in multiple sub-regions, with different sag distributions of the freeform surfaces in each of the multiple sub-regions.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the freeform surface has multiple bumps, which are raised structures that protrude relative to a reference surface. The multiple bumps are randomly distributed in the light-transmitting texture area. The parameters of the multiple bumps in each sub-region are different, including the shape of the bump and / or the height of the bump protrusion relative to the reference surface.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, the multiple sub-regions include a central region and an edge region, with the edge region surrounding the outer periphery of the central region, and the rate of change of the sag of the freeform surface in the edge region being less than the rate of change of the sag of the freeform surface in the central region.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a light-transmitting window, including a frame and a light-transmitting structural member as described above, wherein the light-transmitting structural member is connected to the frame.

[0015] Compared to existing technologies, this application provides a light-transmitting structural component and a light-collecting window. The light-transmitting structural component can transmit visible light, which is then projected onto the target surface after passing through it. The light-transmitting structural component has a light-transmitting textured area, the surface of which is a freeform surface. This freeform surface has a non-uniform refraction effect on visible light. When visible light passes through the freeform surface, its energy is redistributed. For example, light rays from different areas corresponding to different positions on the freeform surface will be deflected at different angles due to refraction or defocusing. Therefore, the energy distribution of visible light projected onto different parts of the target surface is not entirely the same, thus forming a unique projection light effect. Specifically, for example, a portion of the freeform surface can form a focusing effect, resulting in stronger light and higher brightness on the corresponding part of the target surface; another portion of the freeform surface can form a diffused effect, resulting in weaker light and lower brightness on the corresponding part of the target surface. Therefore, a projection pattern with inconsistent brightness distribution can be presented on the target surface.

[0016] The aforementioned visible light can be outdoor natural light, such as parallel light like sunlight. In this case, translucent structural components can be applied to skylights as interior lighting windows for buildings. After sunlight passes through the translucent structural components, it projects special projection lighting effects onto target surfaces (such as floors or walls) indoors. There is no need to create a deliberately dark indoor environment, thus taking into account both lighting and utilizing natural light to create decorative lighting effects, meeting people's needs for achieving special lighting effects in bright environments.

[0017] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, any point on the free-form surface of the light-transmitting structural component has a sag relative to the reference plane. The sag values ​​of all points on the free-form surface are greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3 mm. By setting this reasonable sag range, it is beneficial to reduce the processing difficulty of the free-form surface of the light-transmitting structural component, and the sag will not be too large, so it will not affect the overall light transmittance of the light-transmitting structural component, and it can ensure that the surface of the light-transmitting structural component is basically smooth, thus ensuring better structural flatness and visual effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application scenarios of the light-transmitting structural component and the light-transmitting window provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the light-transmitting component.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the light-transmitting structural component shown.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the light-transmitting function of the light-transmitting structural component shown.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the light-transmitting structural component provided in the embodiments of this application under simulation conditions.

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the simulation structure formed under the simulation conditions shown.

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 2A schematic diagram of the specified texture pattern formed by the light-transmitting structural component shown.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the sag distribution of the freeform surface of the light-transmitting structural component shown.

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the light-transmitting structural component shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a light-transmitting structural member 100 and a light-transmitting window 200 configured with the light-transmitting structural member 100. The light-transmitting structural member 100 transmits visible light L, which, after passing through the light-transmitting structural member 100, is projected onto a target surface 400. The aforementioned visible light L can be outdoor natural light, such as parallel light like sunlight. In this case, the light-transmitting window 200 with the light-transmitting structural member 100 can serve as an indoor lighting window for a building. After sunlight passes through the light-transmitting structural member 100, it projects a special corresponding designated texture pattern 500 onto the indoor target surface 400 (such as a floor or wall), thus combining lighting effect with decorative light effect.

[0030] The visible light L mentioned above can be light emitted directly from natural light sources (such as the sun, bioluminescent lamps), light emitted from artificial light sources (such as incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, halogen lamps, LED lamps, etc.), or light from natural or artificial light sources reflected by reflective objects (such as diffuse reflection or specular reflection, etc.).

[0031] The light-transmitting window 200 includes the aforementioned light-transmitting structural member 100 and frame 201. The frame 201 is connected to the light-transmitting structural member 100 for supporting or installing the light-transmitting structural member 100.

[0032] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The light-transmitting structural component 100 has a reference surface 101, and the light-transmitting structural component 100 coincides with the reference surface 101.

[0033] The light-transmitting structural component 100 has a light-transmitting textured region 10, the surface of which is a freeform surface 30. The freeform surface 30 has a non-uniform refraction effect on visible light L. Any point A on the freeform surface 30 has a sag h relative to the reference surface 101, and the sag h of any point A is the perpendicular distance from point A to the reference surface 101. The value range of the sag h of all points on the freeform surface 30 is: greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0034] The aforementioned non-uniform refraction can be understood as follows: when light propagates in a medium, the refractive index (i.e., the quantification parameter of the change in light speed) or refraction direction (i.e., the quantification parameter of the direction of light propagation) of the light source is spatially non-uniformly distributed within or on the surface of the medium, resulting in continuous or discrete deflection of the light path. Therefore, due to the different sag distribution on the freeform surface 30, the freeform surface 30 forms a non-uniform refraction / defocusing effect on visible light L. The light field after visible light L passes through the freeform surface 30 is redistributed, thereby forming the corresponding light effect pattern.

[0035] The aforementioned reference surface 101 should be understood as a reference plane or surface used for calculating the sag of the freeform surface 30 and for ray tracing. It is typically a theoretically ideal geometric surface (such as a plane, sphere, or aspherical surface), used to establish the initial coordinate system for the sag distribution of the freeform surface 30, and as a positioning reference for constrained machining and inspection. The reference surface 101 can be a virtual surface passing through the light-transmitting structural component 100, or it can be at a certain distance from the light-transmitting structural component 100.

[0036] In optical design, the sagitta h of the freeform surface 30 can be understood as the vertical height difference between any point on the freeform surface 30 along the optical axis (usually the normal direction of the light-transmitting structural component 100, i.e., the z-axis in the figure) and a predefined reference surface 101 (such as a sphere, plane, or aspherical surface). In some examples, the sagitta h can be quantified by mathematical expressions (such as Zernike polynomials, XY polynomials, or NURBS surface equations) to determine the degree of deviation between the shape of the freeform surface 30 and the reference surface 101.

[0037] The sag h of the freeform surface 30 is the core geometric parameter controlling the propagation path and light field distribution of light. In this embodiment, when visible light penetrates the freeform surface 30, the energy of the visible light L is redistributed. For example, light rays from different regions corresponding to different positions on the freeform surface 30 will be deflected at different angles due to refraction or defocusing. As a result, the energy distribution of visible light L projected onto different parts of the target surface 400 is not exactly the same, thus forming a special projection light effect. When the light-transmitting structural component 100 is used as a skylight in a building, sunlight, after penetrating the light-transmitting structural component 100, projects a special projection light effect onto the target surface 400 (such as the floor or wall) inside the building. It does not require creating a dark indoor environment, thus taking into account both lighting and utilizing natural light to create a decorative light effect, meeting people's needs for achieving special light effects in a bright environment.

[0038] The following section will describe some possible specific implementations of the skylight 200 and the light-transmitting structural component 100.

[0039] In this embodiment, the light-transmitting structural component 100 substantially coincides with the reference surface 101. The reference surface 101 can be a plane, a sphere, a hyperboloid, a paraboloid, an aspherical surface, etc. Therefore, the shape of the light-transmitting structural component 101 is basically consistent with the shape of the reference surface 101. The light-transmitting structural component 101 can be a plane, a sphere, a hyperboloid, a paraboloid, an aspherical surface, etc. As a specific example, the reference surface 101 is a plane, and the light-transmitting structural component 100 is a plate-like structure extending along the reference surface 101. Here, "extending" should be understood as the laying direction or laying plane of the light-transmitting structural component 100 substantially coinciding with the reference surface 101. As another example, the reference surface 101 is a sphere, and the light-transmitting structural component 100 is a spherical structure that bends with the reference surface 101.

[0040] Relative to the reference plane 101, the sag h of all points on the freeform surface 30 ranges from 0 to 3 mm. This range can be less than or equal to 2 mm and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, or less than or equal to 1 mm and greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. Setting this reasonable sag range helps reduce the processing difficulty of the freeform surface 30 of the light-transmitting structural component 100, and the sag h is not too large, so it has virtually no impact on the overall light transmittance of the light-transmitting structural component 100. As an example, if the average sag of all points on the freeform surface 30 is 2 mm, under this parameter setting, the area occupied by the specified texture pattern 500 is greater than the area of ​​the light-transmitting texture region 10, which can achieve the effect of magnifying the projected light effect. As another example, if the average sag of all points on the freeform surface 30 is 1 mm, under this parameter setting, the area occupied by the specified texture pattern 500 is basically equal to the area of ​​the light-transmitting texture region 10, which can achieve the effect of proportionally projecting the projected light effect.

[0041] As a light-transmitting structure, the material of the light-transmitting structural component 100 may include: transparent glass material, plastic-based transparent material (such as polycarbonate, acrylic, etc.), and inorganic non-metallic material (such as transparent ceramic, transparent fiberglass, etc.).

[0042] In this embodiment, the light-transmitting structural component 100 can be a glass plate made of glass. The glass plate has the characteristics of high light transmittance and uniform light distribution, so that when light passes through the light-transmitting structural component 100 and achieves a defocusing effect through the freeform surface 30, it can more accurately present the specified texture pattern 500 designed based on the freeform surface 30. The specified texture pattern 500 presented by the actual light projection has a small deviation and small distortion from the designed target pattern.

[0043] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting structural component 100 may be an acrylic sheet made of acrylic. Acrylic sheets have the advantages of high light transmittance, strong weather resistance, and light weight, making them suitable for lightweight applications.

[0044] In other embodiments, the light-transmitting structural member 100 can be a polycarbonate sheet made of polycarbonate. Polycarbonate sheets are highly impact-resistant, with an impact resistance 200 times that of glass. Polycarbonate sheets also have strong UV resistance and are resistant to both high and low temperatures, with a temperature tolerance range of approximately -40°C to 120°C. They are suitable for applications with high safety requirements, such as museum glass and stadium domes.

[0045] In some other embodiments, the light-transmitting structural component 100 can be a transparent ceramic plate made of transparent ceramic. The transparent ceramic plate can be made of materials such as alumina and yttrium oxide, which can withstand relatively extreme high temperatures (melting point above 2400°C) and can be used in extreme environments.

[0046] In some other embodiments, the light-transmitting structural member 100 can be a transparent fiberglass sheet made of transparent fiberglass. The transparent fiberglass sheet can be a composite board structure of glass fiber and resin, which has uniform light transmission, is impact resistant, and has a long service life (up to 20 years), making it suitable for skylights in large exhibition halls.

[0047] In this embodiment, visible light L passes through the light-transmitting structure 100 and irradiates the target surface 400, forming a specified texture pattern 500 on the target surface 400. See also... Figure 4In the embodiment where the light-transmitting structural component 100 is a flat plate, the incident angle α1 of visible light L on the light-transmitting structural component 100 ranges from 0 to 90 degrees. Therefore, the application of the light-transmitting structural component 100 does not limit the incident angle of visible light L. Visible light L can be incident perpendicularly to the light-transmitting structural component 100 or incident obliquely, both forming the specified texture pattern 500, thus making the application range of the light-transmitting structural component 100 in this embodiment quite wide. As an example, to ensure the specified texture pattern 500 is clearest, the incident angle α1 of visible light L on the light-transmitting structural component 100 ranges from 30 to 50 degrees. The clearest state of the specified texture pattern 500 can be determined through testing. For example, when the edge sharpness of the specified texture pattern 500 obtained by continuously changing (e.g., successively increasing or decreasing) the incident angle α1 is the highest, it indicates that the specified texture pattern 500 is clearest at this time.

[0048] Furthermore, the angle α2 between the target surface 400 and the light-transmitting structural member 100 ranges from 0 to 90 degrees. As an example, the target surface 400 can be approximately perpendicular to the light-transmitting structural member 100, such as... Figure 1 As shown, for example, the target surface 400 can be the floor of a building interior. As another example, the target surface 400 can be inclined relative to the light-transmitting structural member 100; for example, the target surface 400 can be an inclined wall surface of a building interior, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0049] As another example, the target surface 400 can be substantially parallel to the light-transmitting structural member 100. For example, the target surface 400 can be a vertical wall inside a building. Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the optical path of visible light L when the target surface 400 is parallel to the light-transmitting structure 100 under simulation conditions set by non-sequential imaging simulation software. In this simulation project, a schematic diagram of the specified texture pattern 500 formed by visible light L passing through the light-transmitting structure 100 is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, from Figure 6 As can be seen, the light-transmitting structural component 100 can alter the light field distribution of visible light L on the target surface 400, forming a texture with alternating light and dark areas. In this simulation, the incident angle α1 of the visible light L is 0 degrees, the size of the specified texture pattern 500 is set to 500mm × 500mm, the distance between the target surface 400 and the light-transmitting structural component 100 is 1500mm, and the thickness of the light-transmitting structural component 50 is 10mm. It is evident that when visible light L modulated by the freeform surface 30 of the light-transmitting structural component 100 illuminates the target surface 400, it can form an image with alternating light and dark areas, thus achieving both light transmission and decorative effect through the use of light.

[0050] In some specific examples, the thickness of the light-transmitting structural component 100 is unrestricted. Because the internal structure of the light-transmitting structural component 100 is relatively uniform and essentially free of impurities, the deflection of visible light L during its propagation is negligible. Therefore, the influence of the thickness of the light-transmitting structural component 100 on the imaging effect of the specified texture pattern 500 is also negligible. When the visible light L is parallel, the distance between the light-transmitting structural component 100 and the target surface 400 is unrestricted. Where the light-transmitting structural component 100 and the target surface 400 are not parallel, the distance between them can be understood as the spacing D between the geometric center of the light-transmitting texture region 10 and the geometric center of the specified texture pattern 500 on the target surface 400, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0051] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a designated texture pattern 500 in some embodiments of this application is shown. In this embodiment, the designated texture pattern 500 includes a first pattern portion 501 and a second pattern portion 503, wherein the average light energy distribution of the first pattern portion 501 is greater than that of the second pattern portion 503. In other words, the average energy density of light in the first pattern portion 501 is greater than that in the second pattern portion 503. The first pattern portion 501 and the second pattern portion 503 interweave with each other, so from a visual perspective, the brightness of the first pattern portion 501 is higher than that of the second pattern portion 503, presenting a textured light effect with interwoven light and dark. In such a textured light effect, the edge distortion of the designated texture pattern 500 is not obvious, and when the incident angle α1 of the visible light L changes significantly (e.g., from 0 degrees to 60 degrees), even if the designated texture pattern 500 on the target surface 400 is distorted during the increase of the incident angle α1, the distorted designated texture pattern 500 still presents a textured light effect with interwoven light and dark. The distortion has little impact on the visual effect, ensuring that the decorative effect of the light effect is relatively durable. Therefore, when the light-transmitting structural component 100 of this application is applied to indoor lighting of a building, the change in the altitude angle of outdoor sunlight has little impact on the forming of the specified texture pattern 500, ensuring the consistency of the light effect decoration. It should be understood that the above-mentioned light and dark interwoven texture light effect can be understood as: multiple darker stripes or blocks (second pattern part 503) intersect each other, and the gaps between the intersections form a brighter area (first pattern part 501), wherein the second pattern part 503 can be striped, and its intersection can be random.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ratio of the area of ​​the first patterned portion 501 to the area of ​​the second patterned portion 503 ranges from 85:15 to 95:5 (inclusive). Specifically, the area of ​​the first patterned portion 501 is A1, and the area of ​​the second patterned portion 503 is A2, where A1 / A2 = [85 / 15, 95 / 5]. Correspondingly, the transmittance of the light-transmitting textured area 10 of the light-transmitting structural member 100 to visible light L ranges from greater than or equal to 85% to less than or equal to 96%. By setting this transmittance range and this area ratio range, the light-dark ratio range of the interwoven textured light effect can be limited to the range of [85%, 95%], ensuring a better amount of light transmission to guarantee good indoor lighting effects, while also forming a light-dark interwoven textured light effect with sufficient contrast. As examples, the values ​​for A1 / A2 can be: 85%, 86%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 95%, or any value within the range defined by any two of the above values. Similarly, the transmittance of the translucent texture region 10 to visible light L can be: 85%, 86%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 95%, 96%, or any value within the range defined by any two of the above values.

[0053] In this embodiment, the specified texture pattern 500 is formed by the interaction of the freeform surface 30 with visible light L. Specifically, the freeform surface 30 has a defocusing effect on visible light L. The caustic effect can be understood as the energy convergence / divergence pattern formed after the visible light L is refracted or reflected by the freeform surface 30. Therefore, the specific structure of the freeform surface 30 is reverse-engineered and arranged based on the specific graphic of the desired specified texture pattern 500. As an example, the sag distribution of the freeform surface 30 can be obtained using a caustic imaging algorithm based on the specific graphic of the specified texture pattern 500, thereby determining the structural morphology of the freeform surface 30. This embodiment relates to a specific configuration improvement of the light-transmitting structural component 100, but not to its preparation or design methods. Based on the configuration disclosed in this embodiment, those skilled in the art can obtain the light-transmitting structural component 100 of this application using existing caustic imaging algorithms, and this light-transmitting structural component 100 is also within the scope of protection claimed in this application. Commonly used caustic imaging algorithms in this field include: high-contrast caustic design algorithms, target-guided caustic continuous surface generation algorithms based on the Poisson equation, and general unrestricted parameter caustic design algorithms, etc., which will not be listed in this specification. Please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the sagittal distribution of the freeform surface 30 obtained by a caustic imaging algorithm is shown.

[0054] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structural component 100 ranges from [1.31, 1.92]. During the reverse engineering of the freeform surface 30 using a caustic imaging algorithm and the specific graphic of the specified texture pattern 500, the effect of the refractive index on light refraction needs to be considered to ensure a high degree of similarity between the designed and actual patterns. Setting a reasonable refractive index range can reduce design difficulty and, to some extent, prevent distortion of the specified texture pattern 500. In some embodiments, the aforementioned limitation of "the range of the incident angle α1 of visible light L on the light-transmitting structural component 100 while ensuring the sharpest possible specified texture pattern 500" should also be considered during the reverse engineering of the freeform surface 30. For example, if the incident angle α1 is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 50 degrees, it indicates that the reverse engineering process considers ray tracing within this range for the incident angle α1, ensuring that the edge sharpness of the obtained specified texture pattern 500 is highest, i.e., the clearest, when the incident angle α1 is within this range in the actual scene.

[0055] Please see Figure 9 In this embodiment, the light-transmitting structural member 100 has a first side surface 50 and a second side surface 70 that are opposite to each other. The first side surface 50 and the second side surface 70 can be understood as two large surfaces on the light-transmitting structural member 100, one surface for visible light incident and the other surface for visible light L emitted. The first side surface 50 and the second side surface 70 are arranged side by side along the thickness direction of the light-transmitting structural member 100. The second side surface 70 is used as the incident surface for visible light L, and the light-transmitting textured region 10 is located on the first side surface 50. There may be no obvious boundary between the light-transmitting textured region 10 and other regions on the surface of the light-transmitting structural member 100.

[0056] As an example, the first side 50 is provided with a light-transmitting texture area 10, while the second side 70 is not provided with a light-transmitting texture area 10. That is, the freeform surface 30 is only provided on the first side 50—the light-emitting surface of the light-transmitting structural member 100. In this way, visible light L can be defocused once at the moment it exits the light-transmitting structural member 100 and propagates into the air. During the propagation process, there are basically no other effects such as refraction, reflection, or other defocusing effects, and it can propagate to the target surface 400. This can ensure that the structure of the specified texture pattern 500 and the freeform surface 30 corresponds relatively strictly, which can avoid the problem of distortion of the specified texture pattern 500 to a certain extent. On the other hand, the algorithm for the structure of the freeform surface 30, which is reverse-engineered from the specified texture pattern 500, is relatively simple, which is conducive to simplifying the design and production process.

[0057] As another example, the second side 70 is provided with a light-transmitting texture area 10, while the first side 50 is not provided with a light-transmitting texture area 10. That is, the freeform surface 30 is only provided on the second side 70—the light-incident surface of the light-transmitting structural member 100. Visible light L undergoes a defocusing effect the instant it is incident on the light-transmitting structural member 100, propagates within the light-transmitting structural member 100, and undergoes a refraction when it exits the first side 50 into the air, finally propagating to the target surface 400. Since the refraction of light L on the first side 50 is uniform, setting the freeform surface 30 on the incident surface of the light-transmitting structural member 100 can also ensure that the structure of the specified texture pattern 500 and the freeform surface 30 correspond, which can avoid the problem of distortion of the specified texture pattern 500 to a certain extent. At the same time, the algorithm for reverse-designing the structure of the freeform surface 30 is relatively simple, which is beneficial to simplifying the design and production process.

[0058] As another example, there are multiple translucent texture regions 10, distributed on both the first side 50 and the second side 70. That is, the freeform surface 30 is distributed on the light-incident and light-exit surfaces of the translucent structure 100. When visible light L is incident on the translucent structure 100, it undergoes a defocusing effect once, propagates within the translucent structure 100, and undergoes another defocusing effect when it exits into the air from the first side 50, finally propagating to the target surface 400. Although this structural arrangement makes the algorithm for reverse-engineered freeform surface 30 more complex, it is beneficial for forming more complex and varied specified texture patterns 500. Furthermore, since this complex and varied specified texture pattern 500 is formed by the superposition of the light effects of the freeform surfaces 30 on two surfaces, the two freeform surfaces 30 can be processed separately during production, avoiding the need to process a more complex freeform surface structure, thus simplifying the processing of the freeform surface corresponding to the complex texture pattern.

[0059] In this embodiment, the proportion of the area of ​​the light-transmitting textured region 10 on the surface of the light-transmitting structural member 100 should not be limited. Taking the light-transmitting textured region 10 being disposed on the first side 50 as an example, the light-transmitting textured region 10 can be disposed on the entire surface of the first side 50, or on a partial surface, such as in the middle or off-center of the first side 50. Furthermore, the number of light-transmitting textured regions 10 disposed on the first side 50 can also be multiple, and these multiple light-transmitting textured regions 10 can be spaced apart from each other or adjacent to each other. Similarly, one or more light-transmitting textured regions 10 can be disposed on the entire surface of the second side 70, or on a partial surface.

[0060] Please see Figure 9Taking the translucent texture region 10 on the first side 50 as an example, in some embodiments of this application, the translucent texture region 10 can be divided into multiple adjacent sub-regions 12, with freeform surfaces 30 distributed in the multiple sub-regions 12. The sagittal distribution of the freeform surfaces 30 in the multiple sub-regions 12 is different. By having the sub-regions 12 with different sagittal distributions jointly form the corresponding designated texture pattern 500, it can be ensured that there are basically no repeating stripes or local patterns in the designated texture pattern 500, avoiding the decorative effect of the light effect being too monotonous. In specific examples, the arrangement of the multiple sub-regions 12 can be an array arrangement, a radial arrangement, or a random arrangement, etc.

[0061] exist Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the multiple sub-regions 12 include a central region 121 and an edge region 123. The central region 121 is approximately located in the center of the translucent texture region 10, and the edge region 123 may be located at the edge of the translucent texture region 10, surrounding the outer periphery of the central region 121. Correspondingly, the central region 121 can be used to form the central core texture of the specified texture pattern 500, and the edge region 123 can be used to form the pattern edge of the specified texture pattern 500. In this embodiment, the sag change rate of the freeform surface 30 in the edge region 123 is smaller than that of the freeform surface 30 in the central region 121. This results in a relatively larger sag change rate of the freeform surface 30 in the central region 121, which enables stronger light converging ability and a steep light intensity transition, thereby improving the sharpness of the texture / light spot edge. Therefore, the central core texture of the specified texture pattern 500 is clearer, and the main body of the light effect decoration is more prominent. As an example, the elevation change rate of the freeform surface 30 in the central region 121 is ≥3 mm / cm². The edge region 123 is used to form the edge transition area of ​​the specified texture pattern 500, and has a smaller elevation change rate, which can make the specified texture pattern 500 present a gradient shape. As an example, the elevation change rate of the freeform surface 30 in the edge region 123 is ≤2.5 mm / cm².

[0062] In some embodiments, the freeform surface 30 has multiple bumps 32, which are raised structures protruding relative to the reference surface 101. These bumps 32 are randomly distributed in the light-transmitting texture region 10. The height of the peak of each bump 32 relative to the reference surface 101 is its sag. The peripheral portion of each bump 32 extends towards the reference surface 101 but is not perpendicular to it; instead, it has a certain slope. The points on this slope follow the sag distribution of the freeform surface 30. Therefore, visible light L can be refracted or scattered, or non-uniformly refracted, when passing through the bumps 32. The parameters of the multiple bumps 32 in each sub-region 12 are different, including the shape of the bumps 32 and / or the height at which the bumps 32 protrude relative to the reference surface 101. By setting the parameters of the bumps 32 in each sub-region 12 to be different, it is also possible to ensure that there are essentially no repeating stripes in the specified texture pattern 500, avoiding an overly simplistic decorative effect of the light.

[0063] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the relative positions of the frame 201 and the light-transmitting structural member 100 of the light-transmitting window 200 are not significantly restricted. For example, the frame 20 can be connected to at least one side of the light-transmitting structural member 100 to support it, thereby facilitating the installation of the light-transmitting structural member 100 in the usage environment (such as on a building wall). The frame 201 and the light-transmitting structural member 100 can be bonded together with structural adhesive or mechanically fastened with fasteners.

[0064] In summary, compared to existing technologies, this application provides a light-transmitting structural component and a light-transmitting window. The light-transmitting structural component can transmit visible light, which is then projected onto the target surface after passing through it. The light-transmitting structural component has a light-transmitting textured area, the surface of which is a freeform surface. When visible light passes through the freeform surface, the energy of the visible light is redistributed. For example, light rays from different areas corresponding to different positions on the freeform surface will be deflected at different angles due to refraction or defocusing. Consequently, the energy distribution of visible light projected onto different parts of the target surface is not entirely the same, thus forming a unique projection light effect. Specifically, for example, a part of the freeform surface can form a light-focusing effect, resulting in stronger light and higher brightness on the corresponding part of the target surface; another part of the freeform surface can form a light-diffusing effect, resulting in weaker light and lower brightness on the corresponding part of the target surface. Therefore, a projection pattern with inconsistent brightness distribution can be presented on the target surface.

[0065] The aforementioned visible light can be outdoor natural light, such as parallel light like sunlight. In this case, translucent structural components can be applied to skylights, serving as interior lighting windows for buildings. After sunlight passes through the translucent structural components, it projects special projection lighting effects onto target surfaces (such as floors or walls) indoors. This eliminates the need to create a deliberately dark interior environment, thus balancing natural light with decorative lighting effects. It meets people's needs for achieving special lighting effects in bright environments, thereby enhancing the decorative atmosphere of the interior.

[0066] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, any point on the free-form surface of the light-transmitting structural component has a sag relative to the reference plane. The sag values ​​of all points on the free-form surface are greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3 mm. By setting this reasonable sag range, it is beneficial to reduce the processing difficulty of the free-form surface of the light-transmitting structural component, and the sag will not be too large, so it will not have a significant impact on the overall light transmittance of the light-transmitting structural component. It can also ensure that the surface of the light-transmitting structural component is basically smooth, thus ensuring better structural flatness and visual effect.

[0067] In this application specification, certain terms are used to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. The specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The term "comprising" throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to"; "generally" means that those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain margin of error and basically achieve the technical effect.

[0068] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the purpose of simplifying the description of this application and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0069] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or merely surface contact. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A light-transmitting structural component, characterized in that, The light-transmitting structural component is used to transmit visible light; The light-transmitting structural component has a reference surface, and the light-transmitting structural component coincides with the reference surface; The light-transmitting structural component has a light-transmitting textured area, and the surface of the light-transmitting textured area is a free-form surface. The free-form surface has a non-uniform refraction effect on the visible light. Any point on the freeform surface has a sag relative to the reference plane, and the sag of any point is the vertical distance from the point to the reference plane; the sag values ​​of all points on the freeform surface are in the range of 0 to 3 mm.

2. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting structural component has a first side and a second side that are opposite to each other. The second side serves as the incident surface for the visible light, and the light-transmitting textured area is located on the first side.

3. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of light-transmitting textured areas is multiple, and these multiple light-transmitting textured areas are distributed on both the first side and the second side.

4. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting textured area is used to guide the visible light to the target surface to form a specified texture pattern on the target surface; The range of the incident angle of visible light on the light-transmitting structural component is: greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90 degrees; The angle between the target surface and the light-transmitting structural component is in the range of 0 degrees or less than or equal to 90 degrees. The specified texture pattern includes a first pattern portion and a second pattern portion, the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are interwoven with each other, and the average light energy distribution of the first pattern portion is greater than the average light energy distribution of the second pattern portion. The ratio of the area of ​​the first patterned portion to the area of ​​the second patterned portion ranges from 85:15 to 95:

5.

5. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The area of ​​the specified texture pattern is larger than the area of ​​the translucent texture region.

6. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmittance of the translucent texture region to visible light ranges from 85% to 96%.

7. The light-transmitting structural component according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The reference surface is a plane, and the light-transmitting structural component extends along the reference surface. The structure of the light-transmitting structural component includes at least one of the following plate structures: acrylic plate, glass plate, transparent ceramic plate, and polycarbonate plate.

8. The light-transmitting structural component according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The translucent texture area is divided into multiple adjacent sub-regions, and the freeform surface is distributed in multiple sub-regions, with the sagitta distribution of the freeform surface in each of the multiple sub-regions being different.

9. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The freeform surface has multiple bumps, which are raised structures that protrude relative to the reference surface. The multiple bumps are randomly distributed in the light-transmitting texture area. The parameters of the multiple bumps in each sub-region are different, including the shape of the bump and / or the height at which the bump protrudes relative to the reference surface.

10. The light-transmitting structural component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plurality of sub-regions include a central region and an edge region, the edge region surrounding the outer periphery of the central region, and the rate of change of the sag of the freeform surface in the edge region being less than the rate of change of the sag of the freeform surface in the central region.

11. A light-transmitting window, characterized in that, It includes a frame and a light-transmitting structural member as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, the light-transmitting structural member being connected to the frame.

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