Anti-blocking type drainage structure for hardened pavement

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-blocking drainage structure for a hardened road surface, relates to the field of gutter inlets, and aims to solve the problem that drainage capacity is reduced due to the fact that a filtering structure is directly mounted at the gutter inlet at present. Rainwater can reach the position of the rainwater inlet to be directly discharged, dynamic balance of light rain filtering and heavy rain direct discharging is achieved, and the requirement balance of impurity filtering when the precipitation amount is small and the requirement balance of good drainage capacity when the precipitation amount is large are both considered; it can be ensured that rainwater can be directly and rapidly drained into the rainwater inlet through the grate during rainstorm, and drainage lag caused by filtering is reduced.

Description

A hardened road surface anti-clogging drainage structure Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rainwater inlets, and in particular to a drainage structure for hardened road surfaces that prevents clogging. Background Technology

[0002] During municipal road drainage, rainwater washes away tire residue, garbage, gravel, and other debris, resulting in a significant amount of impurities in the initial rainwater runoff. First, large particles can clog the drain grates, hindering water collection and causing road flooding, affecting traffic. Second, small particles can enter the drains and accumulate at the bottom, similarly causing blockages and further flooding. Third, tire residue contains various organic pollutants, which, if discharged into water bodies through the rainwater drainage system, will pollute them to some extent.

[0003] If a filter structure is installed directly on the rainwater inlet, so that all drainage passes through the filter structure and enters the drainage well, it will reduce the drainage capacity of the rainwater inlet. When the rainfall is heavy, the rainwater inlet will have difficulty draining quickly due to the filter structure, causing water accumulation on the road. It is difficult to balance the filtration of impurities when the rainfall is light and the good drainage capacity when the rainfall is heavy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a hardened road surface anti-clogging drainage structure. The intercepting and purifying chamber can filter the initial rainwater with high impurity concentration and small volume. In the middle and later stages, when the rainwater has fewer impurities and a larger volume, it can allow the rainwater to be directly discharged at the rainwater inlet, achieving a dynamic balance between filtering light rain and direct discharge of heavy rain. This balances the need for filtering impurities when the rainfall is small and good drainage capacity when the rainfall is large.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0006] A clogging-resistant drainage structure for hardened pavement includes a rainwater inlet arranged on the hardened pavement and a wastewater interception and purification chamber located on the circumferential side of the rainwater inlet. The tops of the rainwater inlet and the wastewater interception and purification chamber are respectively opened and fitted with grates flush with the hardened pavement. The top openings of the rainwater inlet and the top openings of the wastewater interception and purification chamber are separate.

[0007] The bottom side of the wastewater interception and purification chamber is connected to the rainwater inlet through a connecting hole. A grille is installed at the end of the connecting hole near the wastewater interception and purification chamber. From bottom to top, the bottom of the wastewater interception and purification chamber is laid with a fine filter layer and a coarse filter layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the rainwater inlet is provided with a first opening flush with the hardened road surface, and a first grate is fitted into the first opening; the top of the sewage interception and water purification chamber is provided with a second opening flush with the hardened road surface, and a second grate is fitted into the second opening.

[0009] Furthermore, the first grate is embedded in the first opening, and the second grate is embedded in the second opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the rainwater inlet is surrounded by multiple debris-blocking and water-purifying chambers, which are distributed to avoid the curb stones.

[0011] Furthermore, the chambers formed by the multiple intercepting and purifying chambers are independent of each other and are connected to the rainwater inlet through connecting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a debris-blocking basket is installed inside the rainwater inlet, and the debris-blocking basket is suspended below the grate installed in the rainwater inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, a slag storage bin is formed between the grate and the coarse filter layer at the top opening of the wastewater purification chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the grate has grate holes.

[0015] Furthermore, the fine filter layer is formed by laying sand and gravel, and the coarse filter layer is formed by laying gravel, with the gravel diameter being larger than the sand and gravel diameter.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the rainwater inlet is connected to a connecting pipe, and the rainwater inlet is connected to the sewage pipe network through the connecting pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] To address the issue of reduced drainage capacity caused by directly installing filtration structures at rainwater inlets, the debris-blocking and purification chamber filters initial rainwater with high impurity concentration and low flow rate. In the later stages, when rainwater has fewer impurities and a larger flow rate, it allows rainwater to be directly discharged from the rainwater inlet, achieving a dynamic balance between filtering light rain and direct discharge of heavy rain. This balances the need for filtering impurities when rainfall is low and ensuring good drainage capacity when rainfall is high. Both the rainwater inlet and the debris-blocking and purification chamber are equipped with grates to intercept debris such as branches and leaves, and ensure that rainwater can be directly and quickly discharged into the rainwater inlet during heavy rain, reducing drainage delays caused by filtration.

[0019] Both the first and second grates are recessed and flush with the paved road surface, ensuring smooth driving and preventing vehicle bumps or debris buildup caused by protruding grates.

[0020] The distributed structure of multiple intercepting and purifying chambers expands the filtration coverage of initial rainwater, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with wide roads and dispersed runoff (such as plazas and parking lots). It can quickly capture impurities in water flowing from all directions. Each intercepting and purifying chamber is independent of the others and is connected to different locations on the side of the rainwater inlet through independent connecting holes. For example, four intercepting and purifying chambers can be connected from the east, south, west, and north sides of the rainwater inlet, forming a 360° annular filtration zone, which evenly distributes water flow pressure and avoids overloading of a single filtration unit. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the anti-clogging drainage structure on the hardened road surface in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the anti-clogging drainage structure for hardened road surfaces in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the rainwater inlet surrounded by a sewage interception and water purification chamber in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the rainwater inlet arranged on three sides of the sewage interception and water purification chamber in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] Numbering Explanation (in order of first appearance): 1. Hardened road surface; 2. Rainwater inlet; 21. First grate; 211. First grate hole; 22. Sludge trap; 23. Rainwater inlet well ring; 24. Rainwater inlet well body; 3. Sludge trap and water purification chamber; 31. Second grate; 311. Second grate hole; 32. Sludge storage bin; 33. Coarse filter layer; 34. Fine filter layer; 4. Grille; 5. Connecting hole; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Curbstone. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] When draining municipal roads, intercepting impurities significantly reduces drainage efficiency during heavy rainfall. Large particles in the initial rainwater (such as sand and garbage) directly clog the drain grate, while smaller particles (such as dust and oil) accumulate inside. Simply increasing the grate's mesh size or adding a filter to intercept impurities will drastically reduce the water flow rate. Especially during heavy rainfall, the filtration structure becomes a drainage bottleneck, causing severe flooding. Traditional solutions attempt to combine filtration and drainage with a single structure, but due to unclear functional positioning, they suffer from the dual dilemma of poor drainage during filtration and uncontrolled impurities during drainage.

[0028] Based on this, as shown in Figures 1-4, this embodiment provides a hardened road surface anti-clogging drainage structure. The rainwater inlet 2 serves as a rapid drainage channel, and the surrounding debris-blocking and water-purifying chambers 3 serve as fine filtration units. When the rainfall is low, the debris-blocking and water-purifying chambers 3 receive and filter the rainwater flowing towards the rainwater inlet 2. When the rainfall is high, the drainage capacity of the debris-blocking and water-purifying chambers 3 is insufficient, and the rainwater can flow directly into the rainwater inlet 2 through the top of the debris-blocking and water-purifying chambers 3 for direct discharge, thereby improving the drainage capacity during heavy rainfall and taking into account both the filtration of impurities during low rainfall and good drainage capacity during high rainfall.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1, the anti-clogging drainage structure for hardened pavement includes a rainwater inlet 2 arranged on the hardened pavement 1 and a wastewater interception and purification chamber 3 located on the circumferential side of the rainwater inlet 2. The tops of the rainwater inlet 2 and the wastewater interception and purification chamber 3 are respectively opened and fitted with grates that are flush with the hardened pavement 1. The top opening of the rainwater inlet 2 is separate from the top opening of the wastewater interception and purification chamber 3.

[0030] The bottom side of the wastewater purification chamber 3 is connected to the rainwater inlet 2 through the connecting hole 5. A grid 4 is installed at the end of the connecting hole 5 near the wastewater purification chamber 3. The bottom of the wastewater purification chamber 3 is laid with a fine filter layer 34 and a coarse filter layer 33 from bottom to top.

[0031] As the core drainage channel, the top grate of storm drain 2 retains only regular gaps (such as 20-30mm spacing) to ensure that rainwater can reach the storm drain well 24 below it without obstruction during heavy rain, avoiding drainage delays caused by the filter layer in the wastewater purification chamber 3. Prioritizing drainage efficiency to meet the core needs during periods of heavy rainfall, this design prevents road flooding from endangering driving safety.

[0032] The rainwater inlet 2 is separated from the top opening of the wastewater interception and purification chamber 3, forming an independent drainage path to avoid the impact of a malfunction of the wastewater interception and purification chamber 3 on the main drainage channel of the rainwater inlet 2.

[0033] The wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3 serves as a pre-filtration unit. It uses a top grate to preferentially introduce rainwater with high initial impurity concentration and relatively small flow rate, achieving initial separation of impurities from rainwater. For example, rainwater in the early stages of light rain or heavy rain first flows into the wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3 and is purified by the coarse filtration layer 33 and the fine filtration layer 34. In the later stages, when the flow rate is larger, the wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3 becomes full, and the clean rainwater bypasses the inlet 2 of the wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3 and is directly discharged, forming a time-sharing treatment mechanism.

[0034] The wastewater interception and purification chamber 3 is arranged around the outside of the rainwater inlet 2. It utilizes the natural diffusion characteristics of road runoff to guide the water flow into the filtration system evenly. Furthermore, it can perform preliminary interception and filtration from all directions of the rainwater inlet 2, avoiding the impact on the filter layer caused by local water flow concentration.

[0035] The connecting hole 5 is located on the bottom side of the wastewater purification chamber 3. A grid 4 (with a pore diameter of about 1 mm) is installed on the side near the filter layer. The grid can intercept larger particles such as sand, fallen leaves, and plastic waste, preventing them from entering the wastewater purification chamber 3 and the rainwater inlet 2 and causing blockage. The grid 4 is used to intercept smaller particles.

[0036] The coarse filter layer 33 is located on top, and the fine filter layer 34 is located below, forming a filtration path that proceeds from coarse to fine. This avoids rapid clogging caused by the fine sand layer directly contacting large particles of impurities, while improving overall filtration efficiency through pre-filtration of coarse particles.

[0037] In light rain scenarios, the rainfall and drainage volume are small. Rainwater mainly enters the wastewater purification chamber 3 through the grate at the opening of the wastewater purification chamber 3. After being purified by the grid 4, coarse filter layer, and fine filter layer, it slowly flows into the rainwater inlet 2 through the connecting hole 5 and enters the rainwater well body 24 below the rainwater inlet 2, achieving efficient interception of impurities and purification of water.

[0038] During heavy rain, both rainfall and drainage volume are significant. Since the grate at rainwater inlet 2 lacks a filtration structure, it becomes the primary drainage channel, allowing large amounts of rainwater to directly enter the drainage well. The filtration system in the wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3, due to its limited capacity, only handles a portion of the initial rainwater purification. During the later stages of heavy rainfall, the wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3 becomes filled with water, allowing subsequent rainwater to bypass it and enter rainwater inlet 2, thus preventing a decrease in overall drainage capacity. The wastewater trapping and purification chamber 3 can be opened and cleaned independently without interrupting the main drainage channel.

[0039] The top of the rainwater inlet 2 is provided with a first opening flush with the hardened road surface 1, and a first grate 21 is fitted into the first opening. The top of the sewage interception and water purification chamber 3 is provided with a second opening flush with the hardened road surface 1, and a second grate 31 is fitted into the second opening. The first grate 21 is embedded in the first opening, and the second grate 31 is embedded in the second opening, so that both the first grate 21 and the second grate 31 are completely flush with the hardened road surface 1, ensuring smooth driving and avoiding vehicle bumps or debris accumulation caused by grate protrusion.

[0040] The first grate 21 has a first grate hole 211, and the second grate 31 has a second grate hole 311. The spacing between the grate holes on the same grate is usually 20-30mm. It only intercepts oversized particles of garbage (such as aluminum cans, bricks, plastic bags, and leaves) and allows rainwater to pass through quickly. Its core function is to serve as an emergency drainage channel during heavy rain, ensuring that the drainage efficiency is not affected by the filtration system.

[0041] Understandably, the spacing of the grate holes on the second grate 31 can also be set to be smaller than the spacing of the grate holes on the first grate 21. This can intercept smaller particulate impurities (such as bottle caps and fallen leaves), reduce the load on the subsequent filter layer, and at the same time prevent the second grate holes 311 from being too dense, causing rainwater to remain on the surface of the second grate 31.

[0042] Based on the road width and catchment area, 2-4 intercepting and cleaning chambers 3 are evenly arranged around the storm drain 2. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, four intercepting and cleaning chambers 3 are distributed around the storm drain 2, allowing rainwater to preferentially pass through the intercepting and cleaning chambers 3. When arranged at the edge of the hardened road surface 1, the intercepting and cleaning chambers 3 are distributed to avoid the curbstone 7. As shown in Figure 4, no intercepting and cleaning chamber 3 is set on the side of the storm drain 2 near the curbstone 7, while three intercepting and cleaning chambers 3 are set at the other three positions around the perimeter, ensuring that the drainage functions of the sidewalk and the roadway do not interfere with each other.

[0043] Each of the wastewater interception and purification chambers 3 is independent of each other and is connected to different positions on the side of the rainwater inlet 2 through independent connecting holes 5. For example, the four wastewater interception and purification chambers 3 can be connected from the east, south, west and north sides of the rainwater inlet 2 to form a 360° annular filter belt, which evenly distributes the water flow pressure and avoids overloading of a single filter unit.

[0044] The distributed structure expands the filtration coverage of initial rainwater, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with wide roads and dispersed runoff (such as plazas and parking lots), quickly capturing impurities in water flowing from all directions. The independent chamber design facilitates unit-by-unit maintenance; when one of the intercepting and purifying chambers 3 needs cleaning, the other units can still operate normally, ensuring the continuity of the drainage system.

[0045] A debris-blocking basket 22 is installed inside the rainwater inlet 2. The debris-blocking basket 22 is suspended below the grate installed on the rainwater inlet 2. The debris-blocking basket 22 can be made of metal mesh or high-strength fiber mesh with a mesh diameter of 3-5mm. It can intercept impurities (such as larger-diameter sand and gravel) that pass through the first grate 21, preventing them from falling directly into the bottom of the rainwater inlet 2 and accumulating. The debris-blocking basket 22 adopts an integral plastic structure. A rainwater inlet well ring 23 is formed around the opening of the rainwater inlet 2. The debris-blocking basket 22 is fixed by being suspended from the rainwater inlet well ring 23 and can be disassembled and replaced.

[0046] The debris-blocking basket 22 is fixed by hooks or clips, which facilitates regular cleaning of the blocked debris and prevents the net from clogging and affecting drainage.

[0047] A cavity with a height greater than 20cm is reserved between the second grate 31 and the coarse filter layer 33 to form a slag storage chamber 32. After rainwater passes through the second grate 31, it first enters the slag storage chamber 32 and is briefly retained. Larger particles settle here due to gravity, and only the suspension and small and medium-sized particles enter the coarse filter layer 33.

[0048] The fine filter layer 34 is formed by laying sand and gravel, and the coarse filter layer 33 is formed by laying gravel. The diameter of the gravel is larger than that of the sand and gravel, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The vertical height of the wastewater purification chamber 3 is not less than 0.3m.

[0049] The coarse filter layer 33 is a gravel layer, using natural gravel or machine-made crushed stone with a particle size of 5-20mm and a porosity of 40%-50%, combining high water permeability with impurity interception capabilities. The rough surface of the gravel allows it to capture medium-sized dust particles through inertial impaction, while also providing a supporting structure for the fine filter layer 34. The thickness of the coarse filter layer 33 is typically no less than 15cm to ensure that rainwater has sufficient retention time within the layer, completing particle settling and preliminary purification.

[0050] The fine filter layer 34 is a gravel layer, using quartz sand or modified ceramsite with a particle size of 1-5mm and a specific surface area ≥500m² / kg. It can adsorb colloidal particles, oil, and organic pollutants in rainwater. In some scenarios, activated carbon particles can be added to enhance the removal effect on dissolved organic matter. The thickness of the fine filter layer 34 is not less than 15cm.

[0051] The coarse filter layer 33 and the fine filter layer 34 are designed with corresponding particle size gradients to form a filtration path with pores from large to small and flow rates from fast to slow. This avoids the fine sand layer from directly contacting large particles of impurities and causing rapid clogging. At the same time, the different material properties achieve a combination of physical interception and adsorption purification functions.

[0052] The bottom of the rainwater inlet 2 is connected to a connecting pipe 6. The rainwater inlet 2 is connected to the sewage pipe network through the connecting pipe 6. Specifically, the connecting pipe 6 is a DN200-DN300 pipe. The rainwater inlet 2 and the rainwater inlet well body 24 are connected to the municipal sewage pipe network or rainwater storage facilities through the connecting pipe 6. The slope of the connecting pipe 6 is ≥1.5% to ensure that the water flows by gravity and avoids siltation.

[0053] During heavy rainfall, the clean rainwater discharged directly from the rainwater inlet 2 mixes with the purified water from the wastewater interception and purification chamber 3 in the rainwater inlet well body 24, thereby improving the overall drainage efficiency; during light rain, the filtered water can directly enter the rainwater inlet well body 24.

[0054] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the utility model are also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model should be covered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A clog-resistant drainage structure for hardened pavements, characterized in that, It includes rainwater inlets arranged on the hardened road surface and a wastewater interception and purification chamber located on the circumferential side of the rainwater inlets. The tops of the rainwater inlets and the wastewater interception and purification chambers are open and fitted with grates flush with the hardened road surface. The top openings of the rainwater inlets and the top openings of the wastewater interception and purification chambers are separate. The bottom side of the wastewater interception and purification chamber is connected to the rainwater inlets through a connecting hole. A grid is installed at the end of the connecting hole near the wastewater interception and purification chamber. The bottom of the wastewater interception and purification chamber is laid with a fine filter layer and a coarse filter layer from bottom to top.

2. The anti-clogging drainage structure for hardened pavements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the rainwater inlet is provided with a first opening flush with the hardened road surface, and a first grate is fitted into the first opening. The top of the sewage interception and water purification chamber is provided with a second opening flush with the hardened road surface, and a second grate is fitted into the second opening.

3. The hardened pavement anti-clogging drainage structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first grate is inserted into the first opening, and the second grate is inserted into the second opening.

4. The anti-clogging drainage structure for hardened pavements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rainwater inlet is surrounded by multiple wastewater trapping and purification chambers, which are distributed to avoid the curb stones.

5. The hardened pavement anti-clogging drainage structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The multiple wastewater interception and purification chambers form independent cavities, which are connected to rainwater inlets through connecting holes.

6. The hardened pavement anti-clogging drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A debris-blocking basket is installed inside the rainwater inlet, and the debris-blocking basket is suspended below the grate installed in the rainwater inlet.

7. The hardened pavement anti-clogging drainage structure as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The opening at the top of the wastewater purification chamber forms a slag storage bin between the grate and the coarse filter layer.

8. The hardened pavement anti-clogging drainage structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The grate has openings.

9. The anti-clogging drainage structure for hardened pavements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fine filter layer is formed by laying sand and gravel, and the coarse filter layer is formed by laying gravel, with the gravel diameter being larger than the sand and gravel diameter.

10. The anti-clogging drainage structure for hardened pavements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the rainwater inlet is connected to a connecting pipe, and the rainwater inlet is connected to the sewage pipe network through the connecting pipe.

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