Lacrimal passage flushing operation model

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lacrimal passage flushing operation model which comprises a simulation skull, a simulation muscle patch, a simulation lacrimal passage system and a simulation skin patch, and a patch mounting groove is formed in the front face of the simulation skull; the simulated muscle patch is attached to the simulated skull and located in the patch mounting groove; an assembly groove is formed in one side, facing the simulated skull, of the simulated muscle patch; the simulated lacrimal passage system is arranged in the assembly groove; the simulation skin patch is attached to the simulation skull and covers the simulation muscle patch. The lacrimal passage structure is displayed in a layered mode according to the sequence of three-dimensional anatomy, the lacrimal passage flushing scene is simulated, on-off switches can be arranged at the positions of a lacrimal canaliculus, a lacrimal duct, a nasolacrimal duct and the like, different lesion conditions can be simulated, the scene of lacrimal passage flushing operation can be visually and truly displayed in the teaching process, and the teaching efficiency is improved. And the learning and training effects of students can be improved.

Description

A lacrimal duct irrigation operation model Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching supplies technology, and in particular to a lacrimal duct irrigation operation model. Background Technology

[0002] Lacrimal duct irrigation is a common nursing procedure in ophthalmology. However, the lacrimal duct has a complex structure, located in the eyelids and nasopharynx of the face. Its anatomical structure cannot be directly observed from the face. Therefore, due to the significant operational risks, medical students, nurses, and physicians cannot practice this procedure directly on patients and generally need to use teaching models.

[0003] However, traditional lacrimal duct irrigation teaching relies on planar anatomical diagrams, and the teaching models are relatively simple. They lack the ability to simulate lacrimal duct obstruction scenarios, making it difficult for operators to judge the type of lesion through tactile or visual feedback, thus failing to achieve the expected training effect.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a lacrimal duct irrigation operation model, which aims to solve the problem that the existing lacrimal duct irrigation teaching model has insufficient simulation degree and limited simulation effect, resulting in the inability to achieve the expected training effect.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A lacrimal duct irrigation procedure model, comprising:

[0008] A simulated skull, wherein a patch mounting groove is formed on the front side of the simulated skull;

[0009] A simulated muscle patch is attached to the simulated skull and located within the patch mounting groove; furthermore, a mounting groove is formed on the side of the simulated muscle patch facing the simulated skull.

[0010] A simulated tear duct system is provided in the assembly slot; and

[0011] A simulated skin patch is attached to the simulated skull and covers the simulated muscle patch.

[0012] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model, wherein the simulated muscle patch has a perforated eyeball opening formed on its surface opposite the orbital position of the simulated skull, and the eyeball opening communicates with the patch mounting groove; the simulated lacrimal duct system includes:

[0013] The superior lacrimal canaliculus and the inferior lacrimal canaliculus are both located within the patch mounting slot; and the inlet of the superior lacrimal canaliculus is the superior lacrimal punctum, the inlet of the inferior lacrimal canaliculus is the inferior lacrimal punctum, and both the superior lacrimal punctum and the inferior lacrimal punctum are connected to the ocular foramen.

[0014] The common lacrimal duct connects to the outlet of the superior lacrimal canaliculus and the outlet of the inferior lacrimal canaliculus;

[0015] The lacrimal sac, connected to the common lacrimal duct; and

[0016] The nasolacrimal duct connects to the lacrimal sac at its upper end and forms the nasal cavity opening at its lower end.

[0017] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model includes a simulated lacrimal duct system comprising an upper lacrimal canaliculus switch, a lower lacrimal canaliculus switch, a common lacrimal duct switch, and a nasolacrimal duct switch. The upper lacrimal canaliculus switch is located on the upper lacrimal canaliculus and is used to open or close the upper lacrimal canaliculus; the lower lacrimal canaliculus switch is located on the lower lacrimal canaliculus and is used to open or close the lower lacrimal canaliculus; the common lacrimal duct switch is located on the common lacrimal duct and is used to open or close the common lacrimal duct; and the nasolacrimal duct switch is located on the nasolacrimal duct and is used to open or close the nasolacrimal duct.

[0018] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model described above, wherein the nasolacrimal duct switch includes:

[0019] A base is provided on the outer wall of the nasolacrimal duct; a through hole is provided on the base; an insertion channel is formed on the nasolacrimal duct directly opposite the through hole;

[0020] A connecting rod is disposed within the insertion channel; one end of the connecting rod extends into the lumen of the nasolacrimal duct and is provided with a blocking head; the other end of the connecting rod extends outside the through hole and is provided with a pressing cap.

[0021] The through hole has a slot on its side wall; the connecting rod has at least two protrusions along its axial direction on its side wall, and the protrusions are adapted to the slot.

[0022] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model described herein includes a flexible contact layer attached to the inner wall of the simulated lacrimal duct system. The flexible contact layer is a latex layer, a silicone layer, or a rubber layer.

[0023] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model includes a simulated lacrimal duct system comprising a liquid injector, the needle of which is adapted to the upper or lower lacrimal punctum, and the liquid injector is used to inject staining liquid into the upper or lower lacrimal canaliculus.

[0024] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model described above, wherein the liquid syringe comprises:

[0025] main body,

[0026] A piston is inserted into the main body for drawing up the dyeing liquid;

[0027] The needle, connected to the body, is used to dispense the staining liquid; and

[0028] The cannula has one end inserted into the upper or lower lacrimal canaliculus and has a liquid outlet; the other end extends to the outside of the upper or lower lacrimal punctum and has a liquid inlet, and the needle is inserted into the liquid inlet.

[0029] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model described herein, wherein the needle is a blunt-tipped irrigation needle.

[0030] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model wherein the simulated skull is magnetically connected to the simulated muscle patch; and / or, the simulated skull is magnetically connected to the simulated skin patch.

[0031] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model, wherein the simulated muscle patch is a semi-transparent or transparent patch; and / or, the simulated skin patch is a semi-transparent or transparent patch.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this utility model have the following advantages:

[0033] This utility model discloses a lacrimal duct irrigation operation model designed with a layered approach based on human anatomy. The simulated skull, simulated muscle patches, simulated lacrimal duct system, and simulated skin patches respectively simulate the skeletal, muscular, lacrimal duct, and skin structures of the human body. These four simulated structures are sequentially assembled, providing a visual demonstration of human anatomy during learning and training, helping trainees intuitively understand the structure of the lacrimal duct. During training, injecting liquid into the simulated lacrimal duct system simulates the lacrimal duct irrigation action, allowing trainees to accurately and realistically experience the procedure, thereby achieving the desired training effect. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the lacrimal duct irrigation operation model of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the simulated lacrimal duct system in this utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 2;

[0038] Figure 4 is a partial structural diagram of the insertion tube in this utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid syringe and the nasolacrimal duct in the present invention.

[0040] Among them, 10. Simulated skull; 11. Patch mounting slot; 20. Simulated muscle patch; 21. Assembly slot; 22. Eyeball hole; 30. Simulated lacrimal system; 31. Superior lacrimal canaliculus; 311. Superior lacrimal punctum; 32. Inferior lacrimal canaliculus; 321. Inferior lacrimal punctum; 33. Common lacrimal duct; 34. Lacrimal sac; 35. Nasolacrimal duct; 351. Nasal opening; 352. Insertion channel; 36. Superior lacrimal canaliculus switch; 37. Inferior lacrimal canaliculus switch; 38. Common lacrimal duct... 391. Nasolacrimal duct switch; 3911. Base; 3911a. Through hole; 3911b. Slot; 3912. Connecting rod; 3912a. Snap protrusion; 3913. Plug head; 3914. Press cap; 392. Liquid injector; 3921. Main body; 3922. Piston; 3923. Needle; 3924. Cannula; 3924a. Liquid outlet; 3924b. Liquid inlet; 40. Simulated skin patch. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Variations in the shapes shown in the accompanying drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the accompanying drawings, but include changes in shape that may occur during manufacturing.

[0043] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant items listed and any combination of any two or more items.

[0044] For ease of description, spatial relational terms such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower” are used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relational terms are intended to encompass not only the orientation depicted in the drawings but also different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as being “above” or “upper” relative to another element will subsequently be “below” or “lower” relative to that other element. Therefore, the term “above” includes both “above” and “below” orientations depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways, and the spatial relational terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0045] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” enumerate the stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] Existing human models are mostly used to display the overall shape. Therefore, regarding the structure of the head, especially the structure of the lacrimal duct, the anatomical structure of the model is unclear and the interactivity is poor. As a result, it is difficult to use existing human models for lacrimal duct irrigation operation training.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1, in one embodiment of this utility model application, a lacrimal duct irrigation operation model is disclosed, including a simulated skull 10, a simulated muscle patch 20, a simulated lacrimal duct system 30, and a simulated skin patch 40. The front of the simulated skull 10 has a patch mounting groove 11; the simulated muscle patch 20 is attached to the simulated skull 10 and located in the patch mounting groove 11; and an assembly groove 21 is formed on the side of the simulated muscle patch 20 facing the simulated skull 10; the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 is disposed in the assembly groove 21; the simulated skin patch 40 is attached to the simulated skull 10 and covers the simulated muscle patch 20.

[0048] The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model disclosed in this embodiment is designed in layers based on the human body structure. The simulated skull 10, simulated muscle patch 20, simulated lacrimal duct system 30, and simulated skin patch 40 respectively simulate the human skeleton, muscles, lacrimal duct, and skin structure. They can be detachably connected using magnetic attraction, allowing the simulated muscle patch 20 to be detachably placed in the patch mounting slot 11, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 to be inserted into the mounting slot 21 for fixation, and the simulated skin patch 40 to be detachably placed on top of the simulated skull 10 and simulated muscle patch 20. In this embodiment, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 is detachable, thus allowing for flexible replacement according to training objectives to adapt to different teaching needs.

[0049] For example, the simulated skull 10 is magnetically connected to the simulated muscle patch 20; or, the simulated skull 10 is magnetically connected to the simulated skin patch 40. In one embodiment of this invention, the simulated skull 10 can be filled with metal material to increase structural stability, while magnets are embedded in the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40, allowing for flexible assembly and disassembly of all three components for ease of teaching use.

[0050] It should be noted that this embodiment only illustrates the connection method between the simulated skull 10, the simulated muscle patch 20, and the simulated skin patch 40. However, the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to this. Other connection methods, as long as they can achieve the technical effect disclosed in this application, can be regarded as equivalent replacements for the concept of this utility model and should also be within the protection scope of this application.

[0051] Specifically, from the outside, the entire lacrimal duct irrigation operation model is a complete head model. During teaching, it can be disassembled layer by layer for explanation. The simulated lacrimal duct system 30 can be combined with the simulated muscle patch 20 for training, or the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 can be taken out separately for explanation and training.

[0052] In summary, this embodiment uses four simulated structures to be assembled sequentially, which allows for a visual demonstration of human anatomy during learning and training. This helps trainees to intuitively understand the structure of the lacrimal duct. During training, injecting liquid into the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 simulates the lacrimal duct irrigation action, allowing trainees to accurately and realistically experience the feel of the lacrimal duct irrigation operation. By experiencing different sensations during the lacrimal duct irrigation process and judging the type of lesion, the expected training effect can be achieved.

[0053] Specifically, as another embodiment of this application, the simulated muscle patch 20 is disclosed to be a semi-transparent or transparent patch; or, the simulated skin patch 40 is a semi-transparent or transparent patch; or, the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40 are made of the same material and are both set as semi-transparent or transparent patches.

[0054] In this embodiment, the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40 are made transparent or semi-transparent, so that students can directly observe the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 through the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40, thereby quickly understanding the human body structure and improving teaching efficiency.

[0055] Specifically, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 disclosed in this embodiment can also be set as a semi-transparent structure, but it needs to be distinguished from the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40 in order to make their positions easy to identify. For example, the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40 are made of transparent resin material by molding, while the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 is made of blue semi-transparent resin material by molding. In the combined state, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 can be directly observed through the simulated muscle patch 20 and the simulated skin patch 40. At the same time, when liquid is injected into the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 to simulate lacrimal duct flushing, the flow of liquid inside the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 can be directly observed. The visual feedback of the entire teaching process is obvious, which is conducive to improving the training effect.

[0056] Specifically, in another embodiment of this invention, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30, the simulated muscle patch 20, and the simulated skin patch 40 can all be made into semi-transparent structures, but with different colors. For example, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 can be made into a red semi-transparent structure, the simulated muscle patch 20 into a green semi-transparent structure, and the simulated skin patch 40 into a yellow semi-transparent structure. In this case, the different structures can be distinguished by different colors for easier observation.

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in another embodiment of this application, a hollowed-out eyeball hole 22 is formed on the simulated muscle patch 20 at the position of the eye socket opposite to the simulated skull 10, and the eyeball hole 22 communicates with the patch mounting groove 11; the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 includes an upper lacrimal canaliculus 31, a lower lacrimal canaliculus 32, a common lacrimal duct 33, a lacrimal sac 34, and a nasolacrimal duct 35, and the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31 and the lower lacrimal canaliculus 32 are both disposed in the patch mounting groove 11. Furthermore, the inlet of the superior lacrimal canaliculus 31 is the superior lacrimal punctum 311, and the inlet of the inferior lacrimal canaliculus 32 is the inferior lacrimal punctum 321. Both the superior lacrimal punctum 311 and the inferior lacrimal punctum 321 are connected to the eyeball opening 22. The common lacrimal duct 33 is connected to the outlet of the superior lacrimal canaliculus 31 and the outlet of the inferior lacrimal canaliculus 32. The lacrimal sac 34 is connected to the common lacrimal duct 33. The upper end of the nasolacrimal duct 35 is connected to the lacrimal sac 34, and the lower end forms a nasal cavity opening 351.

[0058] The simulated lacrimal duct system 30 disclosed in this embodiment is designed with a hollow structure, referencing the structure of the human lacrimal duct. The superior lacrimal canaliculus 31 and the inferior lacrimal canaliculus 32 run parallel, connecting from the eyeball opening 22 to the common lacrimal duct 33. The common lacrimal duct 33 connects sequentially to the lacrimal sac 34 and the nasolacrimal duct 35, ultimately forming an outlet at the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct 35. This simulates the unique structure of the human lacrimal duct, where one end connects to the eye socket and the other to the nasal cavity. During training for lacrimal duct irrigation, the trainee injects liquid from the superior lacrimal punctum 311 or the inferior lacrimal punctum 321. If the liquid flows out from the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct 35 and can be collected using an absorbent pad or a box, it indicates that the lacrimal duct is patent and free of lesions. If the liquid does not flow out from the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct 35, it indicates the presence of a lesion within the lacrimal duct.

[0059] In summary, the simulated tear duct system 30 disclosed in this embodiment has a high degree of simulation and fits the shape of the simulated muscle patch 20, which is closer to the real human body structure. Trainees can feel the operation process more realistically during training, and the feedback experience is strong, which is conducive to improving the training effect.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2, as another embodiment of this application, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 includes an upper lacrimal canaliculus switch 36, a lower lacrimal canaliculus switch 37, a common lacrimal duct switch 38, and a nasolacrimal duct switch 391. The upper lacrimal canaliculus switch 36 is disposed on the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31 and is used to open or close the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31; the lower lacrimal canaliculus switch 37 is disposed on the lower lacrimal canaliculus 32 and is used to open or close the lower lacrimal canaliculus 32; the common lacrimal duct switch 38 is disposed on the common lacrimal duct 33 and is used to open or close the common lacrimal duct 33; and the nasolacrimal duct switch 391 is disposed on the nasolacrimal duct 35 and is used to open or close the nasolacrimal duct 35.

[0061] In this embodiment, switches are installed at locations such as the superior lacrimal canaliculus 31, inferior lacrimal canaliculus 32, common lacrimal duct 33, and nasolacrimal duct 35 to achieve on / off control at multiple locations, thereby simulating pathological conditions at different locations. When the superior lacrimal canaliculus switch 36 or the inferior lacrimal canaliculus switch 37 is closed, it simulates the situation of obstruction of the superior lacrimal canaliculus 31 or the inferior lacrimal canaliculus 32, and the fluid flows back from the superior lacrimal punctum 311 or the inferior lacrimal punctum 321. When the common lacrimal duct switch 38 or the nasolacrimal duct switch 391 is closed, the fluid is injected from the inferior lacrimal punctum 321 and flows out from the superior lacrimal punctum 311; or it is injected from the superior lacrimal punctum 311 and flows out from the inferior lacrimal punctum 321, simulating the situation of obstruction of the common lacrimal duct 33 or the nasolacrimal duct 35.

[0062] As can be seen, by setting switches in multiple locations in this embodiment, the situation of lacrimal duct lesions is further simulated to demonstrate how to determine the location of lesions based on the situation during lacrimal duct irrigation. This increases the interactivity and functionality of the model and further improves the simulation effect.

[0063] Specifically, the upper lacrimal canaliculus switch 36, lower lacrimal canaliculus switch 37, and common lacrimal duct switch 38 disclosed in this embodiment can adopt the same structure. For example, a through hole is provided on the main board, and a baffle is inserted into the through hole. The front end of the baffle extends into the inner cavity of the simulated lacrimal duct system 30. When the baffle is pressed, the baffle can completely cut off the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31, lower lacrimal canaliculus 32, or common lacrimal duct 33 to simulate an obstruction scenario.

[0064] Specifically, as another embodiment of this application, a flexible contact layer is disclosed on the inner wall of the simulated lacrimal duct system 30. This flexible contact layer is a latex layer, a silicone layer, or a rubber layer. In this embodiment, the flexible contact layer further enhances the simulation, mimicking the tactile sensation of a real lacrimal duct structure, making the operational feedback during training closer to that of real operation, thereby improving the training effect.

[0065] Specifically, materials such as latex, silicone, and rubber combine flexibility and corrosion resistance, allowing for repeated use and extending the lifespan of the model.

[0066] Specifically, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 disclosed in this embodiment is mainly made of waterproof silicone or resin, and the flexible contact layer is directly molded on the waterproof silicone or resin, resulting in a stable overall structure.

[0067] As shown in Figure 2, as another embodiment of this application, the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 is disclosed to include a liquid injector 392, the needle 3923 of the liquid injector 392 being adapted to the upper lacrimal punctum 311 or the lower lacrimal punctum 321, and the liquid injector 392 being used to inject staining liquid into the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31 or the lower lacrimal canaliculus 32.

[0068] The liquid syringe 392 disclosed in this embodiment connects to the upper lacrimal punctum 311 or lower lacrimal punctum 321 via a needle 3923, accurately injecting liquid, preventing leakage, and improving the accuracy of lacrimal duct irrigation. To facilitate needle insertion, the upper lacrimal punctum 311 or lower lacrimal punctum 321 can be made of an elastic annular material, such as a rubber ring, thus providing a certain degree of flaring capability. Furthermore, since liquid is injected using a syringe in actual operation, using the liquid syringe 392 more closely resembles a real-world scenario, further enhancing the realism of the training.

[0069] Specifically, the liquid syringe 392 disclosed in this embodiment is filled with dyeing liquid. By injecting the dyeing liquid, it is possible to observe the flow path of the liquid in the simulated lacrimal duct system 30, so as to intuitively provide feedback on the condition inside the lacrimal duct during the lacrimal duct flushing process.

[0070] As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, in another embodiment of this application, the liquid syringe 392 is disclosed, comprising a body 3921, a piston 3922, a needle 3923, and a cannula 3924. The piston 3922 is inserted into the body 3921 for aspirating staining liquid; the needle 3923 communicates with the body 3921 for discharging staining liquid; one end of the cannula 3924 is inserted into the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31 or the lower lacrimal canaliculus 32 and has a liquid outlet 3924a; the other end extends to the outside of the upper lacrimal punctum 311 or the lower lacrimal punctum 321 and has a liquid inlet 3924b, and the needle 3923 is inserted into the liquid inlet 3924b.

[0071] In this embodiment, a cannula 3924 is inserted into the upper lacrimal canaliculus 31 or the lower lacrimal canaliculus 32. A piston 3922 pushes the staining fluid into the needle 3923, which then injects it into the fluid inlet 3924b. The staining fluid flows forward through the cannula 3924 to the fluid outlet 3924a, from which it flows out. This achieves the purpose of directly delivering the staining fluid deep into the duct, shortening the fluid flow time and improving the efficiency of lacrimal duct irrigation. Furthermore, the cannula 3924 more closely resembles a real clinical operating scenario, which is beneficial for further improving the simulation level of training.

[0072] Specifically, as another embodiment of this application, the needle 3923 is disclosed as a blunt-tipped irrigation needle 3923. The blunt-tipped irrigation needle 3923 has low sharpness, thereby avoiding puncture of the cannula 3924, while providing feedback when the needle 3923 touches the wall of the cannula 3924, simulating the tactile feedback when the needle 3923 touches the bone wall in real operation.

[0073] As shown in Figure 5, as another embodiment of this application, the nasolacrimal duct switch 391 includes a base 3911 and a connecting rod 3912. The base 3911 is disposed on the outer wall of the nasolacrimal duct 35. The base 3911 has a through hole 3911a. An insertion channel 352 is formed on the nasolacrimal duct 35 opposite to the through hole 3911a. The connecting rod 3912 is disposed in the insertion channel 352. One end of the connecting rod 3912 extends into the inner cavity of the nasolacrimal duct 35 and is provided with a blocking head 3913. The other end of the connecting rod 3912 extends outside the through hole 3911a and is provided with a pressing cap 3914. A slot 3911b is provided on the side wall of the through hole 3911a. At least two protrusions 3912a are provided axially on the side wall of the connecting rod 3912, and the protrusions 3912a are adapted to the slots 3911b.

[0074] Because the lumen of the nasolacrimal duct 35 is relatively wide, it may experience partial narrowing and incomplete blockage in clinical practice. In this embodiment, the nasolacrimal duct switch 391 pushes the blocking head 3913 into the nasolacrimal duct 35 by squeezing the pressing cap 3914. When the locking protrusion 3912a at the front end of the connecting rod 3912 aligns with the locking groove 3911b, the blocking head 3913 extends into the nasolacrimal duct 35, but does not completely block it. At this time, the injected fluid may partially reflux from the upper lacrimal punctum 311 or the lower lacrimal punctum 321, and partially flow out from the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct 35. When the connecting rod 3912 continues to move along the insertion channel 352, and the locking protrusion 3912a at the rear end of the connecting rod 3912 aligns with the locking groove 3911b, the blocking head 3913 completely blocks the nasolacrimal duct 35. At this time, the injected fluid completely refluxes from the upper lacrimal punctum 311 or the lower lacrimal punctum 321.

[0075] As can be seen, by setting a multi-level adjustable nasolacrimal duct switch 391 in this embodiment, the simulation scenarios can be increased, making the model more functional and more realistic.

[0076] In summary, this application discloses a lacrimal duct irrigation operation model, including a simulated skull 10, a simulated muscle patch 20, a simulated lacrimal duct system 30, and a simulated skin patch 40. The simulated skull 10 has a patch mounting groove 11 on its front side; the simulated muscle patch 20 is attached to the simulated skull 10 and located within the patch mounting groove 11; furthermore, the simulated muscle patch 20 has an assembly groove 21 on its side facing the simulated skull 10; the simulated lacrimal duct system 30 is disposed in the assembly groove 21; and the simulated skin patch 40 is attached to the simulated skull 10 and covers the simulated muscle patch 20. By visually demonstrating the human body structure, it helps trainees intuitively understand the structure of the lacrimal duct; by injecting liquid into the simulated lacrimal duct system 30, lacrimal duct irrigation actions can be simulated, mimicking various pathological scenarios, allowing trainees to accurately and realistically experience lacrimal duct irrigation operations, shortening the learning cycle, thereby achieving the expected training effect and improving the ability to diagnose clinical problems. In addition, the lacrimal duct irrigation operation model disclosed in this application is durable, easy to clean, and suitable for repeated training, making it applicable to skills training for ophthalmologists, nurses, and medical students.

[0077] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0078] It should be noted that this utility model uses the lacrimal duct irrigation operation model as an example to introduce the specific structure and working principle of this utility model, but the application of this utility model is not limited to the lacrimal duct irrigation operation model, and can also be applied to the production and use of other similar workpieces.

[0079] It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lacrimal duct irrigation operation model, characterized in that, include: A simulated skull, wherein a patch mounting groove is formed on the front side of the simulated skull; A simulated muscle patch is attached to the simulated skull and located within the patch mounting groove; and a mounting groove is formed on the side of the simulated muscle patch facing the simulated skull; a simulated lacrimal duct system is disposed in the mounting groove; and a simulated skin patch is attached to the simulated skull and covers the simulated muscle patch.

2. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated muscle patch has a perforated eyeball opening at the orbital position of the simulated skull, and the eyeball opening communicates with the patch mounting groove. The simulated lacrimal system includes: an upper lacrimal canaliculus and a lower lacrimal canaliculus, both located within the patch mounting groove; the upper lacrimal canaliculus has its inlet at the upper lacrimal punctum, and the lower lacrimal canaliculus has its inlet at the lower lacrimal punctum, both communicating with the eyeball opening; a common lacrimal duct, connecting to the outlets of the upper and lower lacrimal canaliculi; a lacrimal sac, connected to the common lacrimal duct; and a nasolacrimal duct, with its upper end connected to the lacrimal sac and its lower end forming a nasal opening.

3. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The simulated lacrimal duct system includes an upper lacrimal canaliculus switch, a lower lacrimal canaliculus switch, a common lacrimal duct switch, and a nasolacrimal duct switch. The upper lacrimal canaliculus switch is located on the upper lacrimal canaliculus and is used to open or close the upper lacrimal canaliculus. The lower lacrimal canaliculus switch is located on the lower lacrimal canaliculus and is used to open or close the lower lacrimal canaliculus. The common lacrimal duct switch is located on the common lacrimal duct and is used to open or close the common lacrimal duct. The nasolacrimal duct switch is located on the nasolacrimal duct and is used to open or close the nasolacrimal duct.

4. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nasolacrimal duct switch includes: a base disposed on the outer wall of the nasolacrimal duct; a through hole provided on the base; an insertion channel formed on the nasolacrimal duct opposite to the through hole; a connecting rod disposed within the insertion channel; one end of the connecting rod extending into the inner cavity of the nasolacrimal duct and provided with a blocking head; the other end of the connecting rod extending outside the through hole and provided with a pressing cap; wherein, a slot is provided on the side wall of the through hole; at least two protrusions are provided axially on the side wall of the connecting rod, and the protrusions are adapted to the slot.

5. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the simulated lacrimal duct system is attached with a flexible contact layer, which is a latex layer, a silicone layer, or a rubber layer.

6. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 5, characterized in that, The simulated lacrimal duct system includes a liquid injector, the needle of which is adapted to the upper or lower lacrimal punctum, and the liquid injector is used to inject staining liquid into the upper or lower lacrimal canaliculus.

7. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid syringe includes: a body; a piston inserted into the body for drawing up staining liquid; a needle communicating with the body for discharging staining liquid; and a cannula, one end of which is inserted into the upper or lower lacrimal cannula and has a liquid outlet; the other end extends to the outside of the upper or lower lacrimal punctum and has a liquid inlet, and the needle is inserted into the liquid inlet.

8. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to claim 7, characterized in that, The needle is a blunt-tipped flushing needle.

9. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The simulated skull is magnetically connected to the simulated muscle patch; and / or, the simulated skull is magnetically connected to the simulated skin patch.

10. The lacrimal duct irrigation operation model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The simulated muscle patch is a semi-transparent or transparent patch; and / or, the simulated skin patch is a semi-transparent or transparent patch.

Images