Protection reactor applied to hydrotreating reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protection reactor applied to a hydrotreating reactor, which comprises a feed inlet assembly, a filtration reaction tower, a hydrogenation assembly and a hydrotreating reactor, the feed inlet assembly provides crude oil to be treated for the filtration reaction tower, the hydrogenation assembly provides hydrogen for the filtration reaction tower, the filtration reaction tower is connected with the hydrotreating reactor, and the hydrotreating reactor is connected with the hydrogenation assembly. The filtering reaction tower conveys treated crude oil to the hydrotreating reactor for further reaction, the feed port assembly comprises a first feed port, a second feed port and a third feed port, the filtering reaction tower comprises a first bed layer, a second bed layer and a third bed layer, the first bed layer, the second bed layer and the third bed layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the first bed layer, the second bed layer and the third bed layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The first feeding hole is connected with the first bed layer, the second feeding hole is connected with the second bed layer, and the third feeding hole is connected with the third bed layer, so that the continuous operation time of the hydrotreating reactor is greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the chemical industry, and in particular to a protective reactor used in hydrogenation reactors. Background Technology

[0002] In the energy and chemical industry, crude oil, as a vital basic resource, is crucial for ensuring energy supply and driving industrial progress through the development of its processing technologies. Crude oil hydrotreating technology is one of the core processes in crude oil refining. Under specific temperature, pressure, and catalyst conditions, hydrogen reacts chemically with impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen in crude oil, converting them into easily separable substances like hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and water. This effectively reduces the impurity content in oil products, improves oil quality, and meets increasingly stringent environmental standards and product quality requirements.

[0003] However, existing crude oil hydrotreating technologies face numerous challenges in practical applications. Crude oil itself has a complex composition, containing not only the sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen elements targeted for removal, but also a large number of particulate matter, colloids, and other impurities. During hydrotreating, as the reaction continues, these impurities gradually accumulate within the hydrotreating reactor, leading to bed blockage. Once the reactor bed is blocked, the pressure drop increases dramatically. Actual production data shows that under current process conditions, the bed pressure drop in the hydrotreating reactor approaches the design value of 0.5 MPa in less than a year.

[0004] To address the issue of excessive bed pressure drop, companies typically need to shut down annually for reagent replacement. Frequent shutdowns not only increase equipment maintenance and labor costs but also severely impact the continuous and stable operation of the unit. More importantly, as bed pressure drop increases, the unit's throughput decreases, failing to reach its design capacity. This not only leads to reduced crude oil processing efficiency, making it difficult for companies to achieve their expected production targets, but also causes a significant increase in energy consumption, further squeezing profit margins and reducing economic efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a protective reactor for hydrogenation treatment reactors, which can significantly extend the continuous operation time of hydrogenation treatment reactors.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a protective reactor applied to a hydrotreating reactor, comprising an inlet assembly, a filtration reaction tower, a hydrotreating assembly, and a hydrotreating reactor. The inlet assembly provides crude oil to be treated to the filtration reaction tower, the hydrotreating assembly provides hydrogen to the filtration reaction tower, the filtration reaction tower is connected to the hydrotreating reactor, and the filtration reaction tower transfers the treated crude oil to the hydrotreating reactor for further reaction. The inlet assembly includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and a third inlet. The filtration reaction tower includes a first bed, a second bed, and a third bed, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first inlet is connected to the first bed, the second inlet is connected to the second bed, and the third inlet is connected to the third bed. Crude oil enters from the first inlet and passes through the first bed, the second bed, and the third bed sequentially. Crude oil enters from the second inlet and passes through the second bed and the third bed sequentially. Crude oil enters from the third inlet and passes through the third bed sequentially.

[0007] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is as follows: a first auxiliary bed is provided between the first bed and the second bed, and a second auxiliary bed is provided between the second bed and the third bed; when crude oil enters from the first inlet, the crude oil passes through the first bed and the first auxiliary bed in sequence before entering the second bed; when crude oil enters from the second inlet, the crude oil passes through the second bed and the second auxiliary bed in sequence before entering the third bed.

[0008] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is that the first bed layer, the second bed layer, and the third bed layer are all equipped with upper bed thermometers and lower bed thermometers.

[0009] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is that the first feed inlet, the second feed inlet, and the third feed inlet are all connected to thermometers.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is that the first bed layer, the second bed layer, and the third bed layer are all equipped with bed pressure differential detectors, which are used to calculate the service life of the first bed layer, the second bed layer, and the third bed layer.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is as follows: the hydrogen refueling assembly includes a hydrogen source and a hydrogen refueling discharge pipe, and a flow meter is installed on the hydrogen refueling discharge pipe to count the amount of hydrogen input.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is that both the second and third feed inlets are connected to a switching valve assembly, which is used to control the opening and closing of the second and third feed inlets.

[0013] This invention achieves layered filtration of crude oil through a unique inlet assembly and a layered filtration reaction tower structure. The multi-inlet design of the inlet assembly, combined with the connection of different bed layers in the filtration reaction tower, allows crude oil to undergo different levels of filtration depending on the inlet it enters. Crude oil enters through the first inlet and passes through three bed layers sequentially; from the second inlet, it passes through two bed layers; and from the third inlet, it passes through one bed layer. This layered filtration method effectively intercepts particulate matter, colloids, and other impurities in the crude oil, reducing the amount of impurities entering the hydrotreating reactor. This reduces the risk of bed blockage in the hydrotreating reactor, slows down the rate of increase in bed pressure drop, extends the operating cycle of the hydrotreating reactor, reduces the number of times the plant needs to shut down for catalyst replacement, increases the continuous and stable operating time of the unit, thereby increasing crude oil processing capacity, reducing energy consumption, and improving economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] like Figure 1As shown, a protective reactor for a hydrotreating reactor includes an inlet assembly, a filtration reaction tower 2, a hydrotreating assembly 3, and a hydrotreating reactor 4. The inlet assembly supplies crude oil to be treated to the filtration reaction tower 2, and the hydrotreating assembly 3 supplies hydrogen to the filtration reaction tower 2. The filtration reaction tower 2 is connected to the hydrotreating reactor 4, and the filtration reaction tower 2 transfers the treated crude oil to the hydrotreating reactor 4 for further reaction. The inlet assembly includes a first inlet 5, a second inlet 6, and a third inlet 7. The filtration reaction tower 2 includes a first bed 8, a second bed 9, and a third bed 10, and the beds are filled with catalyst. The first bed layer 8, the second bed layer 9, and the third bed layer 10 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first feed inlet 5 connects to the first bed layer 8, the second feed inlet 6 connects to the second bed layer 9, and the third feed inlet 7 connects to the third bed layer 10. Crude oil enters from the first feed inlet 5 and passes through the first bed layer 8, the second bed layer 9, and the third bed layer 10 in sequence; crude oil enters from the second feed inlet 6 and passes through the second bed layer 9 and the third bed layer 10 in sequence; crude oil enters from the third feed inlet 7 and passes through the third bed layer 10. Through the unique feed inlet assembly and the layered structure of the filter reaction tower 2, layered filtration of crude oil is achieved. The multi-inlet design of the feed inlet assembly, combined with the connection of different beds in the filter reaction tower 2, allows crude oil to undergo different degrees of filtration depending on the feed inlet it enters. Crude oil enters from the first feed inlet 5 and passes through three beds in sequence, enters from the second feed inlet 6 and passes through two beds in sequence, and enters from the third feed inlet 7 and passes through one bed in sequence. This stratified filtration method can effectively intercept impurities such as particles and colloids in crude oil, reducing the amount of impurities entering the hydrotreating reactor 4. This reduces the risk of bed blockage in the hydrotreating reactor 4, slows down the rate of increase in bed pressure drop, extends the operating cycle of the hydrotreating reactor 4, reduces the number of times the enterprise has to shut down to change reagents, increases the continuous and stable operation time of the unit, thereby increasing the crude oil processing capacity, reducing the unit's energy consumption, and improving economic efficiency.

[0017] A first auxiliary bed 11 is provided between the first bed 8 and the second bed 9, and a second auxiliary bed 12 is provided between the second bed 9 and the third bed 10. When crude oil enters from the first inlet 5, it passes through the first bed 8 and the first auxiliary bed 11 in sequence before entering the second bed 9; when crude oil enters from the second inlet 6, it passes through the second bed 9 and the second auxiliary bed 12 in sequence before entering the third bed 10. The first auxiliary bed 11 and the second auxiliary bed 12 further enhance the filtration effect of the filtration reaction tower 2. When crude oil enters from the first inlet 5, it passes through the first bed 8 and the first auxiliary bed 11 in sequence before entering the second bed 9; when it enters from the second inlet 6, it passes through the second bed 9 and the second auxiliary bed 12 in sequence before entering the third bed 10. The addition of auxiliary beds increases the number of filtration stages, enabling more precise interception of impurities in crude oil, further reducing the impurity content entering hydrotreating reactor 4, significantly reducing the probability of bed blockage in hydrotreating reactor 4, more effectively controlling the increase in bed pressure drop, further extending the service life of hydrotreating reactor 4 and its internal beds, reducing maintenance costs, and improving the overall operating efficiency and economic benefits of the unit.

[0018] Each of the first bed 8, second bed 9, and third bed 10 is equipped with an upper bed thermometer 13 and a lower bed thermometer 14. These thermometers allow for real-time monitoring of temperature changes at different locations within each bed. Monitoring the temperatures at the top and bottom of the beds provides timely insight into the reaction status and heat distribution within the beds, enabling assessment of whether the reaction is proceeding normally. The first feed inlet 5, second feed inlet 6, and third feed inlet 7 are all connected to feed thermometers 19. These allow for real-time monitoring of the crude oil temperature entering the filtration reaction tower 2. Crude oil temperature significantly impacts the filtration and hydrogenation reaction efficiency; real-time monitoring of the feed temperature allows operators to adjust it promptly, maintaining it within the appropriate reaction temperature range.

[0019] Each of the first bed layer 8, the second bed layer 9, and the third bed layer 10 is equipped with a bed differential pressure detector 22. These detectors are used to calculate the service life of each bed layer. The detectors in these three beds can monitor the pressure difference changes in real time. By monitoring and analyzing the bed differential pressure, the service life of each bed layer can be accurately calculated. This helps companies plan bed replacement or maintenance in advance, avoiding problems such as decreased filtration efficiency and reactor blockage due to overuse of the beds, reducing the probability of sudden failures, ensuring stable operation of the equipment, and simultaneously improving the scientific nature and effectiveness of enterprise production management by rationally scheduling maintenance plans.

[0020] The hydrogen refueling assembly 3 includes a hydrogen source 25 and a hydrogen inlet pipe 26. A flow meter 27 is installed on the hydrogen inlet pipe 26 to count the amount of hydrogen input. The flow meter 27 on the hydrogen inlet pipe 26 in the hydrogen refueling assembly 3 can accurately count the amount of hydrogen input. The amount of hydrogen used is crucial to the effectiveness of the hydrogen refueling reaction, and accurate counting of the hydrogen input is essential.

[0021] Both the second feed port 6 and the third feed port 7 are connected to a switching valve assembly 28. The switching valve assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the second feed port 6 and the third feed port 7. The switching valve assembly connected to the second feed port 6 and the third feed port 7 can flexibly control the opening and closing of the feed ports.

[0022] The above provides a detailed description of a protective reactor for a hydrogenation treatment reactor provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand this utility model and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A protective reactor for use in a hydrogenation treatment reactor, characterized in that... The system includes an inlet assembly, a filtration reaction tower, a hydrogenation assembly, and a hydrogenation treatment reactor. The inlet assembly supplies crude oil to be processed to the filtration reaction tower, and the hydrogenation assembly supplies hydrogen to the filtration reaction tower. The filtration reaction tower is connected to the hydrogenation treatment reactor, which transfers the processed crude oil to the hydrogenation treatment reactor for further reaction. The inlet assembly includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and a third inlet. The filtration reaction tower includes a first bed, a second bed, and a third bed, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first inlet connects to the first bed, the second inlet connects to the second bed, and the third inlet connects to the third bed. Crude oil enters through the first inlet and passes through the first, second, and third beds sequentially; crude oil enters through the second inlet and passes through the second and third beds sequentially; crude oil enters through the third inlet and passes through the third bed.

2. The protective reactor for a hydrogenation treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that... A first auxiliary bed is provided between the first bed and the second bed, and a second auxiliary bed is provided between the second bed and the third bed. When crude oil enters from the first feed inlet, it passes through the first bed and the first auxiliary bed in sequence before entering the second bed. When crude oil enters from the second feed inlet, it passes through the second bed and the second auxiliary bed in sequence before entering the third bed.

3. A protective reactor for use in a hydrogenation treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that... Each of the first, second, and third beds is equipped with an upper bed thermometer and a lower bed thermometer.

4. A protective reactor for use in a hydrogenation treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first, second, and third feed inlets are all connected to thermometers.

5. A protective reactor for use in a hydrogenation treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first, second, and third bed layers are all equipped with bed pressure differential detectors, which are used to calculate the service life of the first, second, and third bed layers.

6. A protective reactor for a hydrogenation treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that... The hydrogen refueling assembly includes a hydrogen source and a hydrogen inlet pipe. A flow meter is installed on the hydrogen inlet pipe to count the amount of hydrogen input.

7. A protective reactor for use in a hydrogenation treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that... Both the second and third feed ports are connected to a switching valve assembly, which is used to control the opening and closing of the second and third feed ports.

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