Anti-vibration stepped drill bit for deep hole machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-vibration stepped drill bit for deep hole processing, which comprises a stepped drill bit, a drill rod, a flow guide pipe and a clamping mechanism, the drill rod is coaxially fixed at one end of the stepped drill bit, and the flow guide pipe is coaxially fixed at one end of the drill rod far away from the stepped drill bit. The clamping mechanism has the advantages that the single air cylinder is adopted to drive the linkage rod to be in linkage, the linkage rod drives the driven rod protruding blocks to be in synchronous linkage, then the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate can be in synchronous linkage, an independent driving unit does not need to be additionally arranged, the complexity of the clamping mechanism is simplified, and the clamping efficiency is improved. The drill rod and the flow guide pipe are rigidly clamped and locked through the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate correspondingly, a vibration transmission path is effectively blocked, the situation that the stepped drill bit vibrates during machining is avoided, the stress distribution of the drill rod and the flow guide pipe can be balanced through a synchronous clamping mechanism, and the service life of the drill rod and the flow guide pipe is prolonged. And local stress concentration caused by traditional single-point fixation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a stepped drill bit, specifically a vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining, belonging to the technical field of stepped drill bits. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of deep hole machining, due to the large machining depth and high length-to-diameter ratio, the cutting tool is prone to overheating, vibration, or even breakage due to problems such as heat accumulation during cutting, poor chip removal, and insufficient rigidity. To address this challenge, the existing technology generally adopts a stepped drill bit structure, which reduces the single cutting load by cutting in stages through a multi-stage stepped design. At the same time, it integrates an internal coolant circulation system, which delivers coolant to the cutting area through a guide pipe introduced at the tail of the drill rod to achieve heat dissipation, lubrication, and chip removal functions.

[0003] However, most existing stepped drills have various problems. For example, in a hollow drill for deep hole machining disclosed in CN216028277U, although cooling wax is injected into the drill core and the core is sealed with a plug to facilitate heat dissipation and enable continuous operation of the drill, thus improving machining efficiency, in this technical solution and most current stepped drills, when clamping the drill bit, only the drill rod is fixed with a tooling. In order to guide the coolant, a guide tube is also provided at the end of the drill rod. However, the guide tube generally does not have an independent constraint structure. This leads to the guide tube being easily excited by the coupling of the cutting reaction force during machining, generating radial or axial micro-vibrations. This vibration is transmitted to the tool body through the assembly gap between the drill rod and the guide tube, forming an additional disturbance superimposed on the cutting vibration, which seriously affects the machining accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a solution that is significantly different from existing technologies, addressing the problem that existing technologies are too simplistic. Specifically, the purpose of this utility model is to solve the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining includes a stepped drill bit, a drill rod, a guide tube, and a clamping mechanism. The drill rod is coaxially fixed to one end of the stepped drill bit, and the guide tube is coaxially fixed to the end of the drill rod away from the stepped drill bit. A cavity is provided inside both the stepped drill bit and the drill rod, and the guide tube communicates with the cavity.

[0007] The drill pipe is connected and locked on the clamping mechanism, which includes a support plate, a first clamping plate, a chuck, a second clamping plate, and a coaxial linkage unit. The first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are both rotatably connected to the support plate and are symmetrically arranged in twos. The second clamping plate is located inside the first clamping plate. The chuck is fixed to one end of the first clamping plate, and the coaxial linkage unit is arranged on the support plate.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a rubber column is provided at one end of the second clamping plate near the chuck, and the rubber column abuts against the guide tube, and the chuck abuts against the drill rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the coaxial linkage unit includes a cylinder, a linkage rod, and a driven rod. The cylinder is fixed to one end of the support plate. The linkage rod is coaxially fixed with the telescopic part of the cylinder and slidably connected to the support plate. One end of the driven rod is rotatably connected to the linkage rod, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the first clamping plate.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the coaxial linkage unit further includes a protrusion, which is coaxially fixed to one end of the linkage rod, and the protrusion slides against the two adjacent second clamping plates.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model: a positioning pin is provided on the second clamping plate, and a return spring is engaged between the positioning pins of two adjacent second clamping plates.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model: a spiral chip removal groove is provided on the side wall of the stepped drill bit, and a liquid spraying micro-hole is provided in the chip removal groove. The liquid spraying micro-hole communicates with the cavity inside the stepped drill bit, and a connecting hose is provided at one end of the guide tube.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] This invention employs a single cylinder to drive a linkage rod, which in turn drives the driven rod protrusions to move synchronously. This allows the first and second clamping plates to move synchronously without the need for an additional independent drive unit, simplifying the clamping mechanism, reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty. The first and second clamping plates rigidly clamp and lock the drill rod and guide tube, effectively blocking the vibration transmission path and preventing vibration during the machining of the stepped drill bit. Furthermore, the synchronous clamping mechanism balances the force distribution on the drill rod and guide tube, avoiding localized stress concentration caused by traditional single-point fixing. This patent incorporates the guide tube into a rigid constraint system through coaxial clamping, fundamentally solving the vibration transmission problem. It achieves a dual breakthrough of structural simplification and performance optimization, providing a reliable solution for high-precision deep hole machining. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stepped drill bit and its overall connection structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp connection structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Stepped drill bit, 2. Drill rod, 3. Guide tube, 4. Clamping mechanism, 41. Support plate, 42. First clamping plate, 43. Chuck, 44. Second clamping plate, 45. Cylinder, 46. Linkage rod, 47. Driven rod, 48. Protrusion, 49. Return spring, 5. Liquid spraying micro-hole, 6. Connecting hose. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining includes a stepped drill bit 1, a drill rod 2, a guide tube 3, and a clamping mechanism 4. The drill rod 2 is coaxially fixed to one end of the stepped drill bit 1, and the guide tube 3 is coaxially fixed to the end of the drill rod 2 away from the stepped drill bit 1. A cavity is provided inside both the stepped drill bit 1 and the drill rod 2, and the guide tube 3 communicates with the cavity.

[0022] The drill pipe 2 is connected and locked to the clamping mechanism 4. The clamping mechanism 4 includes a support plate 41, a first clamping plate 42, a chuck 43, a second clamping plate 44, and a coaxial linkage unit. The first clamping plate 42 and the second clamping plate 44 are both rotatably connected to the support plate 41 and are symmetrically arranged in twos. The second clamping plate 44 is located inside the first clamping plate 42. The chuck 43 is fixed to one end of the first clamping plate 42. The coaxial linkage unit is arranged on the support plate 41. A rubber column is provided on one end of the second clamping plate 44 near the chuck 43, and the rubber column abuts against the guide pipe 3. The chuck 43 abuts against the drill pipe 2.

[0023] The coaxial linkage unit includes a cylinder 45, a linkage rod 46, and a driven rod 47. The cylinder 45 is fixed to one end of the support plate 41. The linkage rod 46 is coaxially fixed with the telescopic part of the cylinder 45 and slidably connected to the support plate 41. One end of the driven rod 47 is rotatably connected to the linkage rod 46, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the first clamping plate 42.

[0024] The coaxial linkage unit also includes a protrusion 48, which is coaxially fixed to one end of the linkage rod 46 and slides against the two adjacent second clamping plates 44.

[0025] In this invention, a single cylinder 45 drives the linkage rod 46, which in turn drives the driven rod 47 and protrusion 48 to move synchronously. This allows the first clamping plate 42 and the second clamping plate 44 to move synchronously without the need for an additional independent drive unit. This simplifies the clamping mechanism, reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty, and rigidly clamps and locks the drill rod 2 and the guide tube 3 with the first clamping plate 42 and the second clamping plate 44, effectively blocking the vibration transmission path and preventing vibration of the stepped drill bit 1 during processing. The synchronous clamping mechanism can balance the force distribution of the drill rod 2 and the guide tube 3, avoiding local stress concentration caused by traditional single-point fixing. This patent incorporates the guide tube 3 into a rigid constraint system through coaxial clamping, solving the vibration transmission problem at its source. It achieves a dual breakthrough of structural simplification and performance optimization, providing a reliable solution for high-precision deep hole machining. Example 2

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in addition to all the technical features included in Embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes:

[0027] The second clamping plate 44 is provided with a positioning pin, and a return spring 49 is engaged between the positioning pins of two adjacent second clamping plates 44. The second clamping plate 44 can be quickly reset by the elastic force of the return spring 49.

[0028] The stepped drill bit 1 has a spiral chip removal groove on its side wall and a liquid spraying micro-hole 5 in the chip removal groove. The liquid spraying micro-hole 5 is connected to the cavity inside the stepped drill bit 1. A connecting hose 6 is provided at one end of the guide pipe 3. The liquid spraying micro-hole 5 is used to achieve the washing effect of waste chips and avoid the accumulation of waste chips.

[0029] Working principle: When using this stepped drill bit, first place the drill rod 2 on one side of the support plate 41, then start the cylinder 45 to drive the linkage rod 46 to slide. While the linkage rod 46 is moving, it drives the driven rod 47 to rotate, so that the chuck 43 at one end of the driven rod 47 abuts against the drill rod 2, thereby clamping and locking the drill rod 2. At the same time, the protrusion 48 is linked synchronously and pushes the second clamping plate 44 to rotate. The rubber column at one end of the second clamping plate 44 abuts against the guide tube 3, clamping and locking the guide tube 3. During processing, the coolant enters the internal cavity of the stepped drill bit 1 and the drill rod 2 through the docking hose 6 and the guide tube 3, and is sprayed out through the spray micro-holes 5.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining, comprising a stepped drill bit (1), a drill rod (2), a guide tube (3), and a clamping mechanism (4), characterized in that, The drill rod (2) is coaxially fixed to one end of the stepped drill bit (1), and the guide pipe (3) is coaxially fixed to one end of the drill rod (2) away from the stepped drill bit (1). A cavity is provided inside both the stepped drill bit (1) and the drill rod (2), and the guide pipe (3) is connected to the cavity. The drill rod (2) is connected and locked to the clamping mechanism (4). The clamping mechanism (4) includes a support plate (41), a first clamping plate (42), a chuck (43), a second clamping plate (44), and a coaxial linkage unit. The first clamping plate (42) and the second clamping plate (44) are rotatably connected to the support plate (41) and there are two of each. The second clamping plate (44) is located inside the first clamping plate (42). The chuck (43) is fixed at one end of the first clamping plate (42). The coaxial linkage unit is set on the support plate (41).

2. The vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber column is provided on one end of the second clamping plate (44) near the chuck (43), and the rubber column abuts against the guide pipe (3), and the chuck (43) abuts against the drill rod (2).

3. The stepped drill bit for deep hole machining with vibration resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxial linkage unit includes a cylinder (45), a linkage rod (46), and a driven rod (47). The cylinder (45) is fixed to one end of the support plate (41). The linkage rod (46) is coaxially fixed with the telescopic part of the cylinder (45) and slidably connected to the support plate (41). One end of the driven rod (47) is rotatably connected to the linkage rod (46), and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the first clamping plate (42).

4. The vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coaxial linkage unit also includes a protrusion (48), which is coaxially fixed to one end of the linkage rod (46) and slides against the two adjacent second clamping plates (44).

5. A stepped drill bit for deep hole machining with vibration resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second clamping plate (44) is provided with a positioning pin, and a return spring (49) is engaged between the positioning pins of two adjacent second clamping plates (44).

6. A vibration-resistant stepped drill bit for deep hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped drill bit (1) has a spiral chip removal groove on its side wall and a liquid spraying micro-hole (5) in the chip removal groove. The liquid spraying micro-hole (5) is connected to the cavity inside the stepped drill bit (1). A connecting hose (6) is provided at one end of the guide tube (3).

Images