Built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of realizing multi-point combined synchronous measurement

Abstract

The utility model discloses a built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point joint synchronous measurement, which comprises an air chamber, a hemispherical structure is adopted, a light source module, a detection module and a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor are integrated in the air chamber, the light source module emits infrared light with fixed intensity, and the detection module receives a light intensity signal and calculates a CO2 concentration value in a closed space of the air chamber; the top end of the sealing soil ring is tightly attached to the bottom end of the air chamber through a rubber sealing gasket to form a closed space; the ventilation balance valve is used for maintaining air pressure balance inside and outside the air chamber; the driving shaft is connected with the motor and the air chamber support to control opening and closing of the air chamber, and the driven shafts are symmetrically distributed below the driving shaft to stabilize the motion trail. The built-in structure of the CO2 gas analyzer is adopted, measurement can be directly carried out in the gas chamber, an external gas path pipeline is not needed, gas transmission delay can be reduced, and response time can be shortened; the soil respiration monitoring system has the advantages that the soil respiration monitoring system is simple in structure and free of external environment interference, multi-point joint networking synchronous observation within a visual distance of about 10km is realized based on the LoRa central data acquisition controller, and meanwhile, the soil respiration monitoring system is applicable to various complex ecological systems by adopting a firm and durable shell, so that technical support is provided for climate change research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil respiration monitoring technology, and in particular to a built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point joint synchronous measurement. Background Technology

[0002] Soil, as a crucial component of terrestrial ecosystems, is the largest organic carbon pool within them. Globally, the organic carbon storage in terrestrial soils is approximately twice that of the atmospheric carbon pool. Even minor changes in soil organic carbon can lead to significant fluctuations in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, thereby influencing global climate change processes. Soil respiration, the process by which soil microorganisms and plant roots release CO2 through respiration, is a major output pathway of the soil carbon pool and one of the primary modes of carbon cycling. Therefore, accurate monitoring of soil respiration is of great significance for assessing climate change and studying ecosystem carbon cycles.

[0003] Traditional soil gas monitoring devices typically employ a gas extraction and collection structure, which has the following technical drawbacks:

[0004] 1. At the regional scale, multi-point soil respiration monitoring systems often use communication methods such as Wi-Fi or ZigBee, which have problems such as high power consumption, short distance, small observation range and time asynchrony, making it difficult to achieve regional data acquisition;

[0005] 2. Soil respiration monitoring systems based on the closed dynamic gas chamber method mostly adopt the design of air pumps and air extraction pipelines. The pipelines have a certain adsorption effect on CO2. At the same time, the presence of the air extraction pipeline causes a certain time delay and lag in the measurement of temperature, humidity and pressure sensors and gas analyzers in the gas chamber, which affects the measurement accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point simultaneous measurement, thereby solving the aforementioned problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] This invention relates to a built-in, multi-point, synchronous soil respiration monitoring system. The system uses a CO2 gas analyzer integrated into the gas chamber as its core, and leverages a LoRa central data acquisition controller to achieve multi-point, networked, synchronous observations within a visual range of approximately 10 km. Its robust and durable casing makes the system suitable for soil respiration monitoring in various complex ecosystems, thus providing technical support for climate change research. Furthermore, the system features remote data download and transmission capabilities, significantly reducing fieldwork and improving efficiency.

[0009] A built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point simultaneous measurement includes:

[0010] The air chamber adopts a hemispherical structure and integrates a light source module, a detection module, and a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor. The light source module emits infrared light of a fixed intensity, the detection module receives the light intensity signal and calculates the CO2 concentration value in the sealed space of the air chamber, and the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor collects temperature, humidity and pressure data in real time.

[0011] The sealed soil ring, fixed to a rectangular base plate, is a cylindrical hollow structure. Its bottom end is inserted into the soil and tightly fits the bottom end of the air chamber with a rubber sealing gasket to form a sealed space.

[0012] A venting balance valve is located on the outside of the top of the air chamber to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the air chamber;

[0013] The air chamber drive assembly includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, and a housing. The housing contains a motor / reduction mechanism, a position feedback module, and a control module. The drive shaft connects the motor to the air chamber support to control the opening and closing of the air chamber. The driven shafts are symmetrically distributed below the drive shaft to stabilize the motion trajectory.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the LoRa central data acquisition controller is integrated into the chassis and communicates with multiple monitoring nodes through a LoRa star topology network, synchronously collecting data from each node and uploading it to a remote server via a 4G module.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, filters are provided on the optical path between the light source module and the detection module, and the detection module analyzes the rate of change of CO2 concentration based on the Beer-Lambert law.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the rubber sealing gasket is made of silicone and has a serrated edge to enhance adhesion and sealing to the soil surface.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the motor / reduction mechanism is equipped with an encoder, and the position feedback module monitors the opening and closing angle of the air chamber in real time and feeds it back to the control module.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the control module works in conjunction with the LoRa data acquisition controller to receive control commands from a remote terminal, parse them, and transmit them to the air chamber to control its opening and closing. In some specific embodiments, the base plate is made of stainless steel by stamping, and its bottom is welded with conical ground nails to fix it in the soil.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses a built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point joint synchronous measurement, including an air chamber with a hemispherical structure. The air chamber integrates a light source module, a detection module, and temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors. The light source module emits infrared light of a fixed intensity, the detection module receives the light intensity signal and calculates the CO2 concentration value within the sealed space of the air chamber, and the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors collect temperature, humidity, and pressure data in real time. A sealing soil ring is formed on the upper surface of a rectangular base plate, with its top end tightly fitted to the bottom end of the air chamber via a rubber sealing gasket to form a sealed space, and its bottom end inserted into the soil. A permeability balance valve is located on the outer side of the top of the air chamber to maintain the pressure balance between the inside and outside of the air chamber. The air chamber drive assembly includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, and a housing. The housing houses a motor / reduction mechanism, a position feedback module, and a control module. The drive shaft connects the motor to the air chamber support to control the opening and closing of the air chamber, and the driven shafts are symmetrically distributed below the drive shaft to stabilize the movement trajectory. This novel, built-in, multi-point, synchronous soil respiration monitoring system boasts high accuracy and rapid response. The system incorporates a CO2 gas analyzer, allowing direct measurement within the gas chamber without external gas pipelines. This eliminates the risk of adsorption, diffusion, or contamination during gas transmission, reduces transmission delays, and enables real-time acquisition of dynamic CO2 concentration changes. Furthermore, the system exhibits strong environmental adaptability; the built-in sensor design minimizes external interference, enhancing system stability. Additionally, the LoRa data acquisition controller enables networked synchronous observation of multiple soil respiration points over a wide area, effectively addressing heterogeneity issues and improving measurement efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single-point structure of the built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point joint and synchronous measurement according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the built-in soil respiration monitoring system of this utility model, which can perform multi-point simultaneous measurement.

[0022] In the attached diagram, 101 is the light source module; 102 is the detection module; 103 is the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor; 200 is the base plate; 201 is the sealing soil ring; 202 is the air chamber support; 203 is the drive shaft; 204 is the driven shaft; 205 is the air permeability balance valve; 300 is the chassis; 301 is the control module; and 302 is the chassis shell. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The illustrated soil respiration monitoring system, which is a built-in, multi-point, simultaneous measurement system, includes:

[0025] The air chamber adopts a hemispherical structure and integrates a light source module 101, a detection module 102 and a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 103. The light source module 101 emits infrared light of a fixed intensity, the detection module 102 receives the light intensity signal and calculates the CO2 concentration value in the sealed space of the air chamber, and the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 103 collects temperature, humidity and pressure data in real time.

[0026] A soil sealing ring 201 is fixed on a rectangular base plate 200. Its top end is tightly fitted to the bottom end of the air chamber through a rubber sealing gasket to form a sealed space, and its bottom end is inserted into the soil.

[0027] The vent balance valve 205 is located on the outer side of the top of the air chamber and is used to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the air chamber.

[0028] The air chamber drive assembly includes a drive shaft 203, a driven shaft 204, and a housing 300. The housing 300 houses a motor / reduction mechanism, a position feedback module, and a control module 301. The housing 300 has a housing shell 302 on its outside. The drive shaft 203 connects the motor and the air chamber support 202 to control the opening and closing of the air chamber. The driven shafts 204 are symmetrically distributed below the drive shaft 203 to stabilize the motion trajectory.

[0029] In this embodiment, the CO2 gas analyzer mainly includes a light source module and a detection module. These two modules are embedded in the bottom of the inner wall of the measuring chamber and are positioned relative to each other. The light source module is responsible for emitting infrared light of known fixed intensity, while the detection module is used to receive and measure the intensity of the infrared light emitted by the light source module.

[0030] Function: By continuously measuring the light intensity received by the detection module, the time-averaged CO2 concentration value in the measurement chamber can be obtained, thereby achieving high-precision and low-delay measurement of the CO2 concentration released by soil respiration, providing key data support for the study of soil respiration.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, the LoRa central data acquisition controller is integrated into the chassis 300, communicates with multiple monitoring nodes through a LoRa star topology network, synchronously collects data from each node, and uploads it to a remote server via a 4G module.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, filters are provided on the optical path between the light source module 101 and the detection module 102, and the detection module 102 analyzes the rate of change of CO2 concentration based on the Beer-Lambert law.

[0033] It should be noted that the light source module 101 emits infrared light of a specific wavelength. The selection of this wavelength is based on the absorption characteristics of CO2 gas to infrared light, and wavelengths with strong CO2 absorption are usually chosen.

[0034] The function of the filter: A filter is installed in the optical path between the light source module and the detection module. The function of the filter is to filter out light of other wavelengths, allowing only infrared light of specific wavelengths to pass through. This improves the accuracy and selectivity of the measurement and reduces interference from other gases or impurities on the measurement results.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the rubber sealing gasket is made of silicone and has a serrated edge to enhance the fit and seal.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the motor / reduction mechanism is equipped with an encoder, and the position feedback module monitors the opening and closing angle of the air chamber in real time and feeds it back to the control module 301.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the control module 301 has a built-in timing program that drives the air chamber to automatically open and close at preset intervals and collect data.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the base plate 200 is made of stainless steel by stamping, and its bottom is welded with conical ground nails to fix it in the soil.

[0039] The working principle of this utility model:

[0040] Air chamber opening and closing and sealing

[0041] Cell Closure: When soil respiration measurement is required, the control module sends a command, and the motor / reduction mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate, causing the cell support and cell to move downwards. This ensures that the bottom of the cell fits tightly against the rubber sealing gasket at the top of the sealing soil ring, forming a sealed measurement space. Simultaneously, driven shafts are symmetrically distributed below the drive shaft and connected to the cell support, ensuring a stable movement trajectory of the cell during closure and guaranteeing a tight seal.

[0042] Air chamber opening: After the measurement is completed, the control module sends a command again, and the motor / reduction mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, which drives the air chamber support and air chamber to move upward, so that the air chamber separates from the sealing soil ring and opens the air chamber to allow for the next measurement or other operations on the soil.

[0043] CO2 concentration measurement

[0044] Light source emission and light intensity detection: After the gas chamber is closed to form a sealed space, the light source module begins to emit infrared light of a fixed intensity. This infrared light propagates within the gas chamber, passes through the gas (including CO2), and is received by the detection module. Because CO2 absorbs infrared light of a specific wavelength, the light intensity received by the detection module will vary depending on the CO2 concentration within the gas chamber.

[0045] Concentration Calculation and Correction: Based on the received light intensity signal, the detection module calculates the CO2 concentration in the sealed space of the gas chamber according to Beer-Lambert's law. Simultaneously, temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors collect real-time data on temperature, humidity, and pressure within the gas chamber. These data affect the physical properties of the gas and the propagation of light, and are therefore used to correct the CO2 concentration measurement results to improve measurement accuracy.

[0046] Maintaining air pressure balance

[0047] When the air chamber is closed, the venting balance valve allows for a limited exchange of air between the inside and outside of the air chamber, thereby maintaining a pressure balance between the inside and outside of the air chamber. This prevents measurement errors caused by pressure differences, ensures the stability of the gas state inside the air chamber, and also avoids potential damage to the air chamber structure caused by excessively high or low pressure.

[0048] Data acquisition and transmission

[0049] The LoRa central data acquisition controller is integrated within the chassis. It broadcasts measurement commands to multiple monitoring nodes via a LoRa star topology network at preset time intervals or according to instructions from a remote server. Upon receiving a command, each monitoring node synchronously initiates the air chamber closure and data measurement process. After measurement, the LoRa central data acquisition controller sends data acquisition commands to each node sequentially. Each node encapsulates the acquired data into data packets with timestamps and node sequence numbers, and sends them to the data acquisition controller via the LoRa network. The data acquisition controller receives and integrates the data from all nodes, and then uploads the data to the remote server using a 4G module.

[0050] System control and feedback

[0051] Position feedback: The motor / reduction mechanism is equipped with an encoder, and the position feedback module monitors the opening and closing angle of the air chamber in real time, feeding back the monitored angle information to the control module. The control module determines whether the air chamber has accurately opened and closed to the correct position based on the feedback information, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement process.

[0052] Remote control and command parsing: The control module works with the LoRa data acquisition controller to receive control commands from remote terminals, such as measurement time interval settings and data upload frequency adjustments. After parsing, the commands are transmitted to the corresponding actuators, such as motors / reduction mechanisms, to control the opening and closing of the air chamber or adjust the system's operating parameters, thereby achieving remote control and automated management of the entire monitoring system.

[0053] This utility model's built-in, multi-point, synchronous soil respiration monitoring system mainly comprises the following structures: a gas chamber (with a light source module, a detection module, and a temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor built into the gas chamber), a gas chamber support, a sealed soil ring, a permeability balance valve, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a power supply and transmission line, a chassis, a control module, a motor / reduction and position feedback module, a LoRa central data acquisition controller, and a base plate.

[0054] (1) Base plate

[0055] The base plate of this utility model soil respiration monitoring system is a rectangular structure made of stainless steel, which can be fixed to the ground for a long time; a hollow circular metal soil ring and a housing are set on the top of the base plate, and the soil ring is wrapped with a rubber sealing gasket.

[0056] (2) Measuring chamber

[0057] The measuring chamber is primarily responsible for acquiring data from the monitoring system. The chamber has a hemispherical structure that allows it to fit tightly against the soil ring, forming a sealed space.

[0058] The top of the outer side of the air chamber is covered with a breathable balance valve, which can maintain the pressure balance between the inside and outside of the air chamber; protect the filter and ensure the stability of the system;

[0059] Two air chamber supports are installed on both sides of the bottom of the air chamber, which are connected to the two sides of the air permeability balance valve at the top of the air chamber;

[0060] A light source module and a detection module are embedded in the inner wall of the gas chamber to measure the CO2 concentration value of the sealed space inside the gas chamber;

[0061] A temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is installed at the top of the air chamber, which can simultaneously measure the temperature, humidity and pressure values ​​inside the air chamber of the soil respiration monitoring system.

[0062] The light source module and the detection module are positioned relative to each other on the bottom of the gas chamber wall. By directly measuring the gas in the internal environment of the gas chamber, the path-averaged CO2 gas concentration is measured, offering advantages of high accuracy and low latency. Specifically, the light source module emits infrared light of known fixed intensity, and the detection module receives and measures the intensity of the infrared light emitted by the light source module. By continuously measuring the received light intensity, the time-averaged CO2 concentration value in the internal space of the gas chamber is obtained.

[0063] (3) Chassis

[0064] The chassis is located on one side of the measuring chamber. It houses a motor / reduction gearbox and a position feedback module, connected to the chamber support via a drive shaft. The motor controls the rotation of the drive shaft, opening and closing the chamber and soil ring. The driven shaft, located below the drive shaft, connects to the chassis and chamber support, ensuring stable opening and closing of the chamber. The chassis is electrically connected to the chamber via a transmission line, powering the sensors and transmitting data. The chassis also contains a control module and a LoRa data acquisition controller for remote control of the monitoring system and transmission of commands and data. Based on the control module and LoRa data acquisition controller, the system enables multi-device networked synchronous observation of soil respiration. Each device can act as a node in the regional network. Through the control modules of each node in the LoRa data acquisition controller, measurement commands are received, and soil respiration measurements are simultaneously initiated, efficiently and synchronously recording soil respiration data within the region.

[0065] System Functions

[0066] (1) Regional-scale long-distance communication

[0067] This invention relates to a multi-point synchronous observation system for soil respiration monitoring, which utilizes a LoRa central data acquisition controller to transmit data to a terminal data server via 4G. The network topology is a star topology. Specifically, each soil respiration monitoring system acts as a LoRa node, responsible for observing and collecting soil respiration-related data, and sending the data to the data acquisition controller via LoRa. The data acquisition controller, as the center of the star topology, receives LoRa signals from all nodes and uploads the data to the terminal data server via the 4G network. The server receives the data, stores and processes it, and provides it for remote access and analysis by users.

[0068] (2) Regional-scale synchronous observation

[0069] The built-in soil respiration monitoring system, capable of multi-point joint synchronous measurement, periodically broadcasts measurement commands through the LoRa central data acquisition controller according to observation needs. Multiple single-point soil respiration monitoring systems will synchronously perform measurement processing after receiving the measurement command, thereby ensuring time consistency among multiple observation points. After data measurement, the LoRa central data acquisition controller will continue to send data acquisition commands one by one, thereby achieving unified and efficient data acquisition to meet the needs of low power consumption and large-scale deployment in field environments.

[0070] (3) Regional Networked Multi-Site Soil Respiration Observation Method

[0071] Multiple soil respiration monitoring nodes are deployed in the area to be monitored. Each node can wirelessly communicate with the LoRa central data acquisition controller and has data acquisition, communication and storage functions.

[0072] The LoRa central data acquisition controller broadcasts measurement commands periodically according to observation requirements. After receiving the commands, all nodes complete the synchronous measurement task to ensure that each node performs measurements simultaneously.

[0073] After the measurement task is completed, the LoRa central data acquisition controller will send data acquisition commands one by one, and each node will complete the data acquisition work.

[0074] Each node encapsulates soil respiration data into data packets with timestamps and node serial numbers. The LoRa central data acquisition controller receives and integrates all node data, and after data acquisition is completed, it is transmitted to the terminal server by the 4G module.

[0075] The working method and steps of this utility model

[0076] System Deployment

[0077] Secure the base plate to the soil surface to be monitored, ensuring that the tapered ground stakes welded to the bottom of the base plate are deeply embedded in the soil to stabilize the system.

[0078] Connect the transmission lines between the components to ensure normal power and signal transmission.

[0079] System Initialization

[0080] When the system power is turned on, the LoRa central data acquisition controller automatically establishes communication connections with each monitoring node.

[0081] Data Acquisition and Measurement

[0082] After receiving the measurement command, the control module drives the drive shaft to rotate through the motor / reduction mechanism, which in turn causes the air chamber support and air chamber to close, forming a sealed space.

[0083] The light source module emits infrared light, the detection module receives the light intensity signal and calculates the CO2 concentration value, and at the same time the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor collects temperature, humidity and pressure data in real time.

[0084] The position feedback module monitors the opening and closing angle of the air chamber in real time to ensure that the air chamber is in place and feeds back to the control module.

[0085] Data synchronization and upload

[0086] The LoRa central data acquisition controller synchronously collects data from each monitoring node and uploads it to a remote server via a 4G module.

[0087] The server receives data, stores and processes it, so that users can access and analyze it remotely.

[0088] System maintenance and monitoring

[0089] Regularly check the operating status of each component of the system, including the wear and tear of parts such as motors, reduction gears, and gaskets.

[0090] If a communication interruption or data anomaly is detected, the system can switch to local storage mode and retransmit the data after the network is restored.

[0091] System advantages

[0092] High precision and fast response: The system's internal CO2 gas analyzer eliminates the need for external gas pipelines, allowing direct measurement within the chamber. This avoids adsorption, diffusion, or contamination during gas transmission, reducing transmission delays and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data. It enables real-time monitoring of instantaneous changes in CO2 concentration within the chamber, minimizing transmission delays and providing rapid response to CO2 concentration variations. This effectively solves the measurement lag and delay issues previously caused by the gas extraction process, improving measurement timeliness.

[0093] Strong environmental adaptability: The built-in structure design of the sensor can reduce the interference of the external environment on the sensor and improve the stability of system operation.

[0094] Multi-point network synchronous observation: Based on the LoRa data acquisition controller, multiple points of soil respiration can be networked and synchronously observed over a large area, effectively solving the heterogeneity problem and improving measurement efficiency.

[0095] Through the above working methods, this built-in soil respiration monitoring system, which can perform multi-point joint and synchronous measurements, can efficiently and accurately monitor soil respiration, providing important data support for assessing climate change and ecosystem carbon cycle research.

[0096] Example 1

[0097] For scenarios involving simultaneous monitoring of multiple nodes:

[0098] Deploy multiple monitoring devices to build a LoRa star network, with the central node broadcasting synchronization commands;

[0099] Upon receiving the instruction, each node immediately initiates the closure of the air chamber and automatically uploads the data after it is collected.

[0100] When the system detects a communication interruption at a node, it switches to local storage mode and retransmits the data after the network is restored.

[0101] This invention effectively solves the technical bottlenecks of traditional soil respiration monitoring devices, such as measurement delay, low monitoring accuracy, limited monitoring range, and insufficient automation, through the built-in structural design of the gas analyzer, optimization of the hemispherical gas chamber structure, dynamic sealing design, gas pressure adaptive balance, and multi-point network synchronous control. It is particularly suitable for long-term unattended monitoring scenarios in the field.

[0102] By adopting the above-disclosed technical solution of this utility model, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0103] This utility model discloses a built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point simultaneous measurement, including a gas chamber with a hemispherical structure. The gas chamber integrates a light source module 101, a detection module 102, and a temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor 103. The light source module 101 emits infrared light of a fixed intensity, the detection module 102 receives the light intensity signal and calculates the CO2 concentration within the sealed space of the gas chamber, and the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor 103 collects temperature, humidity, and pressure data in real time. A soil sealing ring 201 is fixed to a rectangular base plate 200. The surface of the gas chamber is tightly sealed with a rubber gasket to form a closed space. A ventilation balance valve 205, located on the outer top of the gas chamber, maintains the pressure balance between the inside and outside of the chamber. The gas chamber drive assembly includes a drive shaft 203, a driven shaft 204, and a housing 300. The housing 300 houses a motor / reduction mechanism, a position feedback module, and a control module 301. The drive shaft 203 connects the motor to the gas chamber support 202 to control the opening and closing of the gas chamber. The driven shafts 204 are symmetrically distributed below the drive shaft 203 to stabilize the movement trajectory. This utility model's built-in, multi-point, synchronous soil respiration monitoring system features high accuracy and response speed. The system has a built-in CO2 gas analyzer that can directly measure within the gas chamber without external gas pipelines, avoiding adsorption, diffusion, or contamination during gas transmission, reducing gas transmission delay, and enabling real-time acquisition of dynamic CO2 concentration changes. Furthermore, the system has strong environmental adaptability; the built-in sensor structure design reduces interference from the external environment, improving system operational stability. In addition, the system, based on the LoRa data acquisition controller, can realize the synchronous observation of multiple soil respiration points over a large area, effectively solving the heterogeneity problem and improving measurement efficiency.

[0104] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A built-in soil respiration monitoring system capable of multi-point simultaneous measurement, characterized in that, include: The air chamber adopts a hemispherical structure and integrates a light source module, a detection module, and a temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor. The light source module emits infrared light of a fixed intensity, the detection module receives the light intensity signal and calculates the CO2 concentration value in the sealed space of the air chamber, and the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor collects temperature, humidity, and pressure data in real time. The sealing soil ring is fixed on a rectangular base plate. It has a cylindrical hollow structure with its bottom end inserted into the soil and its top end tightly fitted to the bottom end of the air chamber through a rubber sealing gasket to form the sealed space. An air venting balance valve is located on the outside of the top of the air chamber to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the air chamber; The air chamber drive assembly includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, and a housing. The housing contains a motor / reduction mechanism, a position feedback module, and a control module. The drive shaft connects the motor to the air chamber support to control the opening and closing of the air chamber. The driven shafts are symmetrically distributed below the drive shaft to stabilize the motion trajectory.

2. The soil respiration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LoRa central data acquisition controller is integrated into the chassis. It communicates with multiple monitoring nodes through a LoRa star topology network, synchronously collects data from each node, and uploads it to a remote server via a 4G module.

3. The soil respiration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source module and the detection module are equipped with filters in their optical paths. The detection module analyzes the rate of change of CO2 concentration based on the Beer-Lambert law.

4. The soil respiration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber sealing gasket is made of silicone and has a serrated edge to enhance its adhesion and sealing to the soil surface.

5. The soil respiration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor / reduction mechanism is equipped with an encoder, and the position feedback module monitors the opening and closing angle of the air chamber in real time and feeds it back to the control module.

6. The soil respiration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module works in conjunction with the LoRa data acquisition controller to receive control commands from a remote terminal, parse them, and transmit them to the gas chamber to control the opening and closing of the gas chamber.

7. The soil respiration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate is made of stainless steel by stamping, and tapered ground nails are welded to its bottom to fix it in the soil.

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