Solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in livestock farm
By using components such as grids, mixing rollers, and shear pumps in the manure pretreatment system of livestock farms, the problem of equipment entanglement caused by fibrous materials and hair in manure has been solved, achieving efficient solid-liquid separation and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEILONGJIANG AGRI ECONOMY VOCATIONAL COLLEGE
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing solid-liquid separation equipment in livestock farms is prone to entanglement and blockage when processing manure with high water content and mixed with fibrous materials and livestock hair. This affects work efficiency and separation effect, leading to increased production costs and labor intensity.
The pretreatment system, consisting of components such as coarse screens, brush rollers, vortex mixing rollers, comb rollers, and shear pumps, removes fibrous materials and hair from feces through adsorption and filtration. Combined with a backwashing mechanism, it optimizes equipment maintenance and improves separation efficiency.
It effectively removes fibrous materials and hair from feces, avoids equipment entanglement and blockage, improves solid-liquid separation efficiency, broadens the scope of application, reduces the cost of harmless treatment, and promotes industrial development.
Smart Images
Figure CN224226860U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of animal husbandry, specifically to a solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in livestock farms. Background Technology
[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards and the continuous increase in social demand, my country's livestock breeding industry is developing towards large-scale and intensive operations. However, the increasing amount of livestock manure produced has also attracted widespread social attention. Improper handling not only encroaches on land resources but also causes serious environmental pollution and ecological damage. Currently, livestock manure produced by livestock farms is usually treated by solid-liquid separation. The separated liquid can be reused ecologically, while the solid can be used as raw material for organic fertilizer preparation. Based on the composition characteristics of livestock manure and the current development status of livestock breeding, the solid-liquid separation treatment of livestock farms mainly adopts screw extrusion or screw extrusion combined with inclined screen filtration. The most commonly used equipment is the screw press solid-liquid separator and the inclined screen solid-liquid separator. However, in actual production, livestock manure from farms is collected centrally using water washing, resulting in a generally high water content. It contains not only a significant amount of fibrous material and undigested forage, but also a large amount of animal hair. If these fibrous materials, forage, and hair are not effectively removed, they can easily become entangled on the screw shaft of the solid-liquid separation equipment or clog the screen holes during solid-liquid separation. This directly affects the efficiency and separation effect of the equipment, and in severe cases, may even disrupt normal operation, requiring interruption of the process to remove the entangled material and screen blockages, thus increasing production costs and labor intensity. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing solid-liquid separation process for livestock manure and develop a corresponding pretreatment system to address these technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in livestock farms, improve the solid-liquid separation treatment process of livestock manure, and enhance the working efficiency and separation effect of solid-liquid separation treatment of livestock manure.
[0004] A solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm includes: a main chamber, a diversion channel, a coarse screen, and a brush roller; the diversion channel is inclinedly disposed at the upper end of the main chamber and communicates with the internal space of the main chamber; the coarse screen is correspondingly installed in the diversion channel, forming a liquid flow channel for guiding the flow of livestock manure; an inlet for spraying livestock manure onto the coarse screen is provided at the upper end of the coarse screen; the sprayed livestock manure can be filtered by the coarse screen and enter the liquid flow channel, and is guided by the liquid flow channel into the main chamber; a flow-blocking plate is connected to the lower end of the coarse screen; the flow-blocking plate can prevent the livestock manure from overflowing onto the coarse screen, and simultaneously prevent blocky debris filtered out by the coarse screen and rolling down the coarse screen from overflowing. A partition plate is installed inside the main housing, separating the interior space of the main housing into a transition area and a receiving area. The transition area is directly connected to the drainage channel. The livestock manure filtered by the coarse grid can only flow into the receiving area after passing through the transition area. A brush roller is installed inside the transition area, corresponding to the liquid flow section filling the transition area. It can be driven by a motor to rotate relative to the main housing to adsorb fibrous materials, feed, and livestock hair mixed in the livestock manure. A discharge hole is opened at the bottom of the main housing and connected to a discharge pipe to discharge the pre-treated livestock manure. Subsequently, appropriate technical means can be selected to perform solid-liquid separation treatment on the livestock manure.
[0005] The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm further includes: a central screen, which is installed in the receiving area inside the main chamber, dividing the receiving area into a front receiving area and a rear receiving area. The front receiving area is connected to the transition area, and the rear receiving area is connected to the outside of the main chamber through the discharge pipe. This allows the central screen to perform secondary filtration on the livestock manure as it flows from the front receiving area to the rear receiving area, further filtering out the fibrous material, feed, and livestock hair that were not fully adsorbed by the brush roller.
[0006] The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm further includes: a vortex stirring roller, which has vortex impact teeth and is installed in the lower area of the flow-damping plate in the liquid flow channel. It can be driven by a motor to rotate and vortex stir the livestock manure flowing in the liquid flow channel at the front end of the brush roller, impacting and dispersing the fibrous material, forage, and livestock hair in a clump or sticky state. Then, in the transition area, the brush roller is used to adsorb and remove the fibrous material, forage, and livestock hair in the livestock manure, thereby improving the adsorption and removal effect of the brush roller.
[0007] The aforementioned solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm further includes: a comb roller, preferably with a continuous smooth arc surface that mates with the coarse grid on the inner side of the flow depressor. The comb roller and the continuous smooth arc surface are correspondingly connected and installed on the drainage channel, and can be driven to rotate by a motor. Shovel rods are arranged and installed on the comb roller, and the shovel rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the comb roller and are arranged in a straight line along the axial direction of the comb roller. The comb roller can rotate to drive the shovel rods to scrape out the livestock manure and simultaneously shovel the blocky debris filtered out by the coarse grid from the drainage channel to outside the flow depressor for subsequent centralized treatment, while preventing the livestock manure from overflowing from the drainage channel along with the blocky debris.
[0008] The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm preferably includes elastic shovel plates fixedly connected to the front end of the shovel rod, which linearly extends the working length of the shovel rod. The elastic shovel plates are made of elastic soft rubber material. When the elastic shovel plates are located between the mating surfaces of the comb roller and the flow depressor, the elastic shovel plates can undergo adaptive elastic deformation relative to the flow depressor, while maintaining the shoveling action on the blocky debris. When the elastic shovel plates are located outside the mating surfaces of the comb roller and the flow depressor, the elastic shovel plates remain in a straight state, which can expand the shoveling range of the shovel rod and improve the shoveling effect and efficiency of the comb roller on the blocky debris.
[0009] The aforementioned solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm further includes: an overflow recovery box, which is disposed adjacent to the lower end of the diversion channel outside the flow depressor. A support grid is disposed at the upper end of the overflow recovery box, and the support grid and the flow depressor are correspondingly connected to the main body. The support grid can support the blocky debris scooped out of the diversion channel by the comb roller, and can also divert and recover the livestock manure that accidentally overflows from the diversion channel and the livestock manure attached to the blocky debris into the overflow recovery box. Subsequently, the blocky debris on the support grid can be centrally removed for harmless treatment, and the livestock manure in the overflow recovery box can be returned for re-pretreatment.
[0010] The aforementioned solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm further includes a shear pump connected to the discharge pipe. The shear pump can actively regulate the discharge speed of the livestock manure from the main tank to the outside, and can also shear and break down the fibrous material, forage, and animal hair remaining in the livestock manure, thereby minimizing the adverse effects of the fibrous material, forage, and animal hair on the subsequent solid-liquid separation treatment of the livestock manure.
[0011] The aforementioned solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm preferably includes a backwashing mechanism for the middle screen installed within the main tank. The backwashing mechanism comprises a pressurized water injection pipe and an emptying pipe. The pressurized water injection pipe is located at the upper part of the main tank, connecting the rear containment area to the outside of the main tank. The emptying pipe is located at the bottom of the main tank, connecting the front containment area to the outside of the main tank. Simultaneously, the middle screen is inverted and tilted downwards relative to the flow direction of the livestock manure within the containment area. A pressurized nozzle is connected to the pressurized water injection pipe, which sprays water onto the backflow surface of the middle screen. The emptying pipe allows for the emptying of the main tank. This backwashing mechanism allows for backwashing of the middle screen without any operation of the main tank, improving maintenance and usage efficiency.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that it provides a solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in livestock farms. Addressing the characteristics of livestock manure collected in livestock farms—high water content and good flowability—this system pre-treats the manure using a combination of adsorption and filtration techniques before solid-liquid separation. This not only directly avoids and eliminates the adverse effects of these fibrous substances on the solid-liquid separation equipment under traditional processes, but also improves the processability of solid-liquid separation through pretreatment. Furthermore, this pretreatment effectively broadens the range of suitable technologies for subsequent solid-liquid separation, optimizes the technical approach, simplifies the process, and improves efficiency and effectiveness. When applied to livestock farm production activities, this system further reduces the cost of harmless treatment of livestock manure, promoting the development of the livestock industry and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view of the solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm.
[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section I in the middle.
[0015] Figure 3 This is a top view of the solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm.
[0016] Among them: 1 is the main box body, 2 is the diversion channel, 3 is the coarse screen, 4 is the brush roller, 5 is the inlet, 6 is the flow suppressor, 7 is the partition plate, 8 is the discharge pipe, 9 is the middle screen, 10 is the vortex stirring roller, 11 is the comb roller, 12 is the shovel bar, 13 is the elastic shovel blade, 14 is the overflow recovery box, 15 is the support screen, 16 is the shear pump, 17 is the pressurized water injection pipe, 18 is the drain pipe, 19 is the pressurized nozzle, and 20 is the fixed frame. Detailed Implementation
[0017] Furthermore, the technical solution for which protection is sought in this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0018] A solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure from a livestock farm, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it consists of a fixed frame 20, a main box 1, a diversion channel 2, a coarse grid 3, a brush roller 4, a flow deflector 6, a middle grid 9, a vortex stirring roller 10, a comb roller 11, an overflow recovery box 14, a supporting grid 15, and a shear pump 16.
[0019] The fixing frame 20 is a structure placed on the ground. The main box 1 is a cubic box and is fixedly mounted on the fixing frame 20. The diversion channel 2 is inclined and connected to the upper end of the main box 1 and communicates with the main box 1. The coarse grid 3 is installed in the diversion channel 2 and forms a liquid flow channel with the diversion channel 2. An inlet 5 is provided at the upper end of the inclined coarse grid 3. The inlet 5 is connected to the inlet pipe for livestock manure. The flow-damping plate 6 is continuously mounted at the lower end of the coarse grid 3. The flow-damping plate 6 is positioned relative to the diversion channel 2. A continuous arc surface is provided on the side, which smoothly engages with the coarse grid 3. The comb roller 11 is correspondingly connected and installed on the diversion channel 2. A shovel rod 12 is arranged and installed on the roller surface, and the front end of the shovel rod 12 is connected to an elastic shovel piece 13. The shovel rod 12 is made of metal, and the elastic shovel piece 13 is made of rubber. Inside the main housing 1, a partition plate 7 and the middle grid 9 are correspondingly installed. The partition plate 7 divides the internal space of the main housing 1 into a transition area and a receiving area, so that the diversion channel... The liquid flow channel, transition area, and accommodating area within the main housing 1 are sequentially connected. The central grid 9 is inverted and tilted with its flow-facing surface facing downwards, dividing the accommodating area within the main housing 1 into a front accommodating area and a rear accommodating area. The front accommodating area is connected to the transition area. In the front accommodating area, an emptying pipe 18 is connected to the bottom surface of the main housing 1. In the rear accommodating area, a pressurized water injection pipe 17 is connected to the upper end of the main housing 1, and a pressurized nozzle 19 is installed on the pressurized water injection pipe 17. The lower end of the main housing 1 is connected to a discharge pipe 8. The shear pump 16 is installed on the discharge pipe 8; the vortex stirring roller 10 is installed at the connection between the liquid flow channel and the transition area in the diversion groove 2, and the roller surface has vortex impact teeth; the three brush rollers 4 are correspondingly distributed and installed in the transition area, and the roller surface is respectively covered with dense bristles. The rotation directions of adjacent brush rollers 4 are opposite to each other, so that the liquid flow forms turbulence; the overflow recovery box 14 is located outside the flow suppression plate 6, and the supporting grid 15 is located on the upper end of the overflow recovery box 14 and is fixedly connected to the main box 1.
[0020] The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm described in this embodiment is used to pretreat livestock manure before solid-liquid separation. The specific method is as follows: Start the motor to control the brush roller 4, the vortex stirring roller 10 and the comb roller 11 to rotate synchronously. Then, open the inlet pipe for the livestock manure to be pretreated and open the control switch of the inlet port 5 to spray the livestock manure onto the coarse screen 3. As the livestock manure flows downward along the inclined coarse screen 3, it will continuously flow from the holes on the coarse screen 3 into the liquid flow channel at the bottom of the coarse screen 3. The blocky debris filtered out by the coarse screen 3 continues to roll downward along the inclined surface of the coarse screen 3 until it is blocked by the flow deflector 6 in the lower area of the coarse screen 3. The livestock manure flowing into the liquid flow channel continues to flow downwards in the inclined diversion trough 2. At the lower end of the diversion trough 2, it is impacted by the vortex of the vortex stirring roller 10, which breaks down or disperses the clumps or adhesive structures in the livestock manure, freeing up the fibrous material, undigested forage, and livestock hair. Subsequently, the livestock manure flows into the transition area within the main tank 1. In the transition area, the livestock manure is subjected to turbulent flow by the combined action of three brush rollers 4, slowing down the flow speed. A large portion of the fibrous material, forage, and livestock hair mixed in the livestock manure will be hooked and adsorbed onto the bristles of the brush rollers 4, thereby separating them from the livestock manure. After being separated, the livestock manure continues to flow into the receiving area within the main chamber 1. In this receiving area, the manure is filtered a second time by the central grid 9 as it flows naturally from the front to the rear receiving area, further purifying and removing fibrous materials. When the inflow into the main chamber 1 reaches the basic capacity, the shear pump 16 is activated to dynamically balance the discharge volume of the shear pump 16 with the inflow volume of the inlet 5. During operation, the shear pump 16 also shears and pulverizes any remaining fibrous materials in the manure, thoroughly removing them. Simultaneously with this operation, the synchronous rotation of the comb roller 11 drives the shovel lever 12 and the elastic shovel blades. 13. The blocky debris that has rolled into the lower area of the coarse grid 3 is scooped out of the diversion channel 2 and slides onto the support grid 15. The animal manure attached to the blocky debris can seep through the holes on the support grid 15 into the overflow recovery box 14 located below the support grid 15. Subsequently, the blocky debris can be removed for harmless treatment, and the animal manure collected in the overflow recovery box 14 can be transferred back for re-pretreatment. The entire system is kept in a stable cycle until the pretreatment of all the animal manure is completed. Finally, the operation of the brush roller 4, the vortex stirring roller 10, the comb roller 11 and the shear pump 16 is stopped in sequence.
[0021] When backwashing the middle screen 9 is required, close the discharge pipe 8, open the drain pipe 18, and then connect the pressurized water injection pipe 17. High-pressure water is sprayed onto the middle screen 9 through the pressurized nozzle 19. Since the middle screen 9 is inverted and tilted with its front side facing down, the high-pressure water is sprayed directly onto the back side of the middle screen 9, which easily flushes out the blockages in the holes of the middle screen 9. Moreover, in the state where the front side is inverted and facing down, the flushed blockages can quickly slide off and fall to the bottom surface of the main tank 1 under the combined action of its own gravity and water impact. Then, it can be drained out through the opened drain pipe 18 with the water flow. The entire backwashing process does not require opening the main tank 1, nor does it require any operation inside the main tank 1. Maintenance is convenient, efficient, and labor-intensive.
Claims
1. A solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure from a livestock farm, characterized in that, include: The main box (1), the diversion channel (2), the coarse grid (3), and the brush roller (4) are arranged at an angle on the upper end of the main box (1) and are connected to the internal space of the main box (1). The coarse grid (3) is installed in the diversion channel (2) and together with the diversion channel (2) forms a liquid flow channel for guiding the flow of livestock manure. An inlet (5) for spraying the livestock manure onto the coarse grid (3) is provided at the upper end of the coarse grid (3). A flow-suppressing plate (6) is connected to the lower end of the coarse grid (3). The flow-suppressing plate (6) can suppress the flow of livestock manure onto the coarse grid (3). Overflow; a partition plate (7) is installed inside the main box (1), which divides the internal space of the main box (1) into a transition area and a receiving area. The transition area is directly connected to the diversion channel (2). The livestock manure filtered by the coarse grid (3) can only flow into the receiving area after passing through the transition area; the brush roller (4) is installed inside the transition area, corresponding to the liquid flow section filling the transition area, and can be driven by a motor to rotate relative to the main box (1); a discharge hole is opened at the lower part of the main box (1) and connected to a discharge pipe (8).
2. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The central grille (9) is installed in the accommodating area inside the main housing (1) and divides the accommodating area into two parts: a front accommodating area and a rear accommodating area. The front accommodating area is connected to the transition area, and the rear accommodating area is connected to the outside of the main housing (1) through the discharge pipe (8).
3. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A vortex stirring roller (10) has vortex impact teeth and is installed in the lower region of the flow-damping plate (6) in the liquid flow channel.
4. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The comb roller (11) is provided with a continuous smooth arc surface that mates with the coarse grid (3) on the inner side of the flow depressor (6). The comb roller (11) and the continuous smooth arc surface structure are connected and installed on the flow channel (2). A shovel bar (12) is arranged and installed on the comb roller (11). The shovel bar (12) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the comb roller (11) and is arranged in a straight line along the axial direction of the comb roller (11).
5. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Elastic shovel plates (13) are fixedly connected to the front end of the shovel rod (12) to extend the working length of the shovel rod (12) in a straight line. The elastic shovel plates (13) are made of elastic soft rubber material.
6. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: An overflow recovery box (14) is disposed adjacent to the lower end of the diversion channel (2) outside the flow depressor (6). A support grid (15) is provided at the upper end of the overflow recovery box (14). The support grid (15) and the flow depressor (6) are connected to each other on the main box body (1).
7. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A shear pump (16) is connected and installed on the discharge pipe (8).
8. The solid-liquid separation pretreatment system for livestock manure in a livestock farm as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A backwashing mechanism for the middle screen (9) is installed inside the main box (1). The backwashing mechanism includes a pressurized water injection pipe (17) and an emptying pipe (18). The pressurized water injection pipe (17) is located at the upper part of the main box (1) so that the rear area of the container is connected to the outside of the main box (1). The emptying pipe (18) is located at the bottom of the main box (1) so that the front area of the container is connected to the outside of the main box (1). Meanwhile, the middle screen (9) is inverted and tilted with its front side facing down relative to the flow direction of the livestock manure in the container area. A pressurized nozzle (19) is connected to the pressurized water injection pipe (17). The pressurized nozzle (19) can spray water onto the back surface of the middle screen (9).