Anti-scouring hydraulic engineering bank protection structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of hydraulic engineering bank protection, and discloses an anti-scouring hydraulic engineering bank protection structure which comprises a bank, a slope protection layer is arranged on the front side of the bank, connecting holes are formed in the inner wall of the bank, a broken stone hardcore is arranged on the outer side of the slope protection layer, and a protection panel is arranged on the front side of the broken stone hardcore. And the rear side of the protective panel is fixedly connected with a fixed connecting piece. According to the utility model, the regular hexagons have the characteristics of equal length of each side and equal inner angle, and a gapless honeycomb structure can be formed after splicing, so that the impact force of water flow is uniformly dispersed to adjacent units, the structural damage caused by local stress concentration is avoided, and meanwhile, the plug connectors on the connecting convex pieces are connected with the connecting grooves on the adjacent group of unit structural bodies in an inserted manner; the connecting strength between the unit structural bodies is enhanced, gaps formed by regular arrangement of the unit structural bodies can guide water flow to form vortexes, scouring kinetic energy is consumed, and the structural burden is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bank protection in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a bank protection structure for water conservancy projects that is resistant to erosion. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, the banks of rivers, lakes and reservoirs are subject to natural factors such as water erosion, sediment abrasion and water level fluctuations, which can easily lead to soil loss and structural collapse, seriously threatening the safety of water conservancy facilities and the surrounding ecological environment.

[0003] Traditional revetments have smooth, flat surfaces, resulting in low kinetic energy conversion efficiency after water flow impact; approximately 60% or more of the impact force acts directly on the structural surface. For example, the Yangtze River embankment revetments use cast-in-place concrete facings. Due to the lack of diversion channels or energy-dissipating protrusions, the reciprocating loads generated by wave impacts cause the facings to peel off year after year, requiring maintenance as frequently as every three years. Furthermore, a single planar structure cannot guide the water flow to form eddies, making it difficult to dissipate energy through internal friction, thus exacerbating the structural burden. Therefore, a scour-resistant revetment structure for hydraulic engineering is proposed to address these problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a bank protection structure for erosion-resistant hydraulic engineering, which aims to improve the problems of "insufficient erosion resistance, low energy dissipation efficiency of water flow, and easy damage to the structure due to stress concentration" in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: an anti-erosion revetment structure for hydraulic engineering, including a bank embankment, a slope protection layer provided on the front side of the bank embankment, a connection hole provided on the inner wall of the slope protection layer, a crushed stone cushion layer provided on the outer side of the slope protection layer, a protective panel provided on the front side of the crushed stone cushion layer, a fixing connector fixedly connected to the rear side of the protective panel, the fixing connector penetrating the crushed stone cushion layer and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection hole, a concrete base layer provided on the outer side of the protective panel, and an anti-erosion component provided on the front side of the concrete base layer;

[0006] The anti-erosion assembly includes multiple sets of regular hexagonal unit structures. A connecting protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer side of each unit structure. A connecting groove is formed on the side of each unit structure away from the connecting protrusion. A plug is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting protrusion. The plug is inserted into the inner wall of the connecting groove of an adjacent set of unit structures.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The anti-erosion component also includes a fitting fastener, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the unit structure and fitted into the inner wall of the concrete base.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The upper part of the fitting fastener is designed in a cross shape.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The lower part of each fitting fastener is designed in an L-shape.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The slope protection layer is made of reinforced concrete.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The crushed stone cushion layer is made of crushed stone or gravel.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The protective panel is a precast reinforced concrete slab.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The concrete base layer is made of cast-in-place concrete.

[0021] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In this utility model, the regular hexagon has the characteristics of equal side length and equal interior angles. After splicing, it can form a gapless honeycomb structure, which makes the impact force of water flow evenly distributed to adjacent units, avoiding structural damage caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, the plug on the connecting protrusion is inserted into the connecting groove on the adjacent set of unit structures, which enhances the connection strength between unit structures. Moreover, the gaps formed by the regular arrangement of unit structures can guide the water flow to form eddies, consume the scouring kinetic energy, and reduce the structural burden.

[0023] 2. In this utility model, the cross-shaped upper part and L-shaped lower part of the fitting fastener form an "upper hook and lower hook" effect, which provides a strong vertical anchoring force after being embedded in the concrete base; the fixed connector (such as the anchor rod) horizontally connects the protective panel and the slope protection layer to form a three-dimensional anchoring system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall device in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the disassembled integral device in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled three-dimensional structure of the unit structure in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unit structure in this utility model, viewed from below.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Embankment; 2. Slope protection layer; 3. Crushed stone cushion layer; 4. Protective panel; 5. Concrete base layer; 6. Anti-erosion component; 61. Unit structure; 62. Connecting protrusion; 63. Connecting groove; 64. Insertion piece; 65. Fitting fastener; 7. Connecting hole; 8. Fixing connector. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an embodiment of an anti-erosion revetment structure for hydraulic engineering, comprising a revetment 1, the innermost layer of which is typically natural or artificially filled soil / rock. A slope protection layer 2 is provided on the front side of the revetment 1, with connection holes 7 on its inner wall. The slope protection layer 2 is made of reinforced concrete and directly covers the water-facing side of the revetment 1. The high strength of the reinforced concrete prevents the soil of the revetment 1 from being directly exposed to the water flow, avoiding soil loss due to erosion. Furthermore, it serves as the anchoring base for the fixed connector 8, evenly distributing the load transmitted by the protective panel 4 to the interior of the revetment 1, enhancing the overall structural load-bearing capacity. It also adheres to the crushed stone cushion layer 3, which reduces slope erosion through its filtration effect. To mitigate the seepage pressure behind layer 2, a crushed stone cushion layer 3 is installed on the outside of slope protection layer 2. The crushed stone cushion layer 3 is made of crushed stone or gravel and uses particle size distribution to filter the silt in the water flow. It allows water to pass through but prevents soil particles from migrating, thus preventing the formation of voids, i.e., "piping," between slope protection layer 2 and protective panel 4. It can also guide seepage water flow, reduce the hydrostatic pressure behind slope protection layer 2, avoid structural damage due to excessive water pressure, and reduce the structural load. A protective panel 4 is installed in front of the crushed stone cushion layer 3. The protective panel 4 is a precast reinforced concrete slab used to protect the crushed stone cushion layer 3 and slope protection layer 2 behind it. The impact force of the water flow is transferred to slope protection layer 2 and bank 1 through the fixed connector 8, realizing the layer-by-layer distribution of the load and reducing the structural load.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-3The protective panel 4 is fixedly connected to the rear side with multiple sets of fixing connectors 8, which act as anchor bolts, rigidly connecting the protective panel 4 to the slope protection layer 2. This prevents interlayer displacement or separation of the two layers due to water flow impact. As the "backbone" of the multi-layer structure, it ensures that the slope protection layer 2, the crushed stone cushion layer 3, and the protective panel 4 form a unified load-bearing body, improving the resistance to overturning and water flow displacement. The fixing connectors 8 penetrate the crushed stone cushion layer 3 and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 7. A concrete base layer 5 is provided on the outside of the protective panel 4, which is made of cast-in-place concrete. The cast-in-place concrete is tightly bonded to the protective panel 4, forming an integral rigid layer that enhances the overturning resistance of the protective panel 4. Simultaneously, it provides a fitting space for the fitting fasteners 65 of the scour protection component 6. During concrete pouring, before the concrete has set, the fitting fasteners 65 on the unit structure 61 are directly embedded into the concrete. The vertical anchoring of the scour protection component 6 is achieved through the bond force of the solidified concrete. The concrete contains crushed stone to support workers' footing during the installation of the unit structure 61, and polypropylene fiber is added to the concrete at a dosage of 0.9 kg / m². 3 To reduce shrinkage caused by moisture evaporation during the solidification process of cast-in-place concrete, which may lead to micro-cracks around the fasteners, an anti-erosion component 6 is installed on the front side of the concrete base layer 5.

[0033] Reference Figures 2-4 The anti-scouring component 6 includes multiple sets of regular hexagonal unit structures 61. After being spliced ​​together, the multiple sets of regular hexagonal unit structures 61 can form a gapless honeycomb structure, which can evenly distribute the impact force of water flow to adjacent units, avoid structural damage caused by local stress concentration, and reduce the structural burden. Connecting protrusions 62 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the unit structure 61. A connecting groove 63 is opened on the side of the unit structure 61 away from the connecting protrusion 62. A plug-in 64 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting protrusion 62. The plug-in 64 is inserted into the inner wall of the connecting groove 63 of the adjacent set of unit structures 61. The plug-in 64 on the connecting protrusion 62 is inserted into the connecting groove 63 of the adjacent unit, realizing the lateral fixation of the unit structure 61, forming a grid constraint in the plane, and enhancing the connection strength between the unit structures 61.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The anti-erosion component 6 also includes a fitting fastener 65. The unit structure 61 is a prefabricated component. During manufacturing, the fitting fastener 65 is installed on the inner wall of the unit structure 61, so that the unit structure 61 forms an integral structure. The fitting fastener 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the unit structure 61 and is fitted into the inner wall of the concrete base layer 5. The upper part of the fitting fastener 65 is set in a cross shape, which is used to set inside the unit structure 61 to increase the connection strength between the fitting fastener 65 and the unit structure 61. The lower part of the fitting fastener 65 is set in an L shape. After being embedded in the concrete base layer 5, it forms a "clamping" effect through the wrapping force of the concrete to prevent the component from being pulled upward.

[0035] Working principle: During use, high-speed water flow or water carrying silt first impacts the hexagonal unit structure 61 of the anti-scour component 6. The honeycomb splicing structure of the hexagonal shape evenly distributes the impact force to adjacent units. At the same time, its polygonal contour guides the water flow to form a vortex, consuming the scour kinetic energy and reducing the direct impact of the water flow on the revetment. The connecting protrusion 62 on the hexagonal unit structure 61 inserts into the connecting groove 63 of the adjacent unit, forming a double locking of "mortise and tenon + plug" with the lower plug 64 to prevent the component from sliding laterally. The L-shaped lower part of the fitting fastener 65 hooks onto the bottom of the concrete base 5 to prevent the component from detaching as a whole, which is especially suitable for scenarios with large upward force of water flow, such as tidal river sections.

[0036] The remaining impact force is transferred to the concrete base layer 5 through the interlocking fastener 65, and then layer by layer through the protective panel 4 and the fixing connector 8 to the crushed stone cushion layer 3 and the slope protection layer 2, and is finally borne by the soil / rock mass of the embankment 1. The fixing connector 8 acts as an anchor, rigidly connecting the protective panel 4 and the slope protection layer 2 to ensure effective transfer of horizontal loads; the rigid combination of the concrete base layer 5 and the protective panel 4 using the cast-in-place process enhances the overall anti-overturning capacity and reduces the risk of vertical displacement.

[0037] Crushed stone cushion layer 3: A filter layer is formed by using graded crushed stone with a particle size of 5-40mm. It allows water to flow through but intercepts sediment with a permeability of ≥0.1cm / s and a sediment interception rate of ≥95%. This prevents the formation of voids between the slope protection layer 2 and the protective panel 4 and avoids "piping" damage.

[0038] Slope protection layer 2 and protective panel 4: C30 concrete with steel mesh of 12mm diameter and 200mm spacing provides high-strength support with a flexural strength ≥4.5MPa, which can withstand continuous water flow impact and silt abrasion.

[0039] Cast-in-place concrete base course 5: High-flowability concrete with a slump of 120-160mm, mixed with 0.9kg / m³ 3Polypropylene fiber reduces shrinkage cracks; embedded fasteners 65 before initial setting ensure anchoring reliability; 20-40mm aggregate mixed in concrete enhances the compressive strength of the base layer and supports workers walking on it.

[0040] Unit structure 61: It adopts prefabrication technology, with dimensional accuracy error ≤ ±2mm, and the on-site assembly efficiency is improved compared with traditional masonry.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A revetment structure for erosion-resistant hydraulic engineering, including a bank dike (1), characterized in that: A slope protection layer (2) is provided on the front side of the embankment (1). A connection hole (7) is provided on the inner wall of the (2). A crushed stone cushion layer (3) is provided on the outer side of the slope protection layer (2). A protective panel (4) is provided on the front side of the crushed stone cushion layer (3). A fixing connector (8) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the protective panel (4). The fixing connector (8) penetrates the crushed stone cushion layer (3) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection hole (7). A concrete base layer (5) is provided on the outer side of the protective panel (4). An anti-erosion component (6) is provided on the front side of the concrete base layer (5). The anti-erosion component (6) includes multiple sets of regular hexagonal unit structures (61). A connecting protrusion (62) is fixedly connected to the outside of the unit structure (61). A connecting groove (63) is provided on the side of the unit structure (61) away from the connecting protrusion (62). A plug-in (64) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting protrusion (62). The plug-in (64) is inserted into the inner wall of the connecting groove (63) of the adjacent set of unit structures (61).

2. The anti-scour revetment structure for hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-erosion component (6) also includes a fitting fastener (65), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the unit structure (61) and fitted into the inner wall of the concrete base layer (5).

3. The anti-scour revetment structure for hydraulic engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the fitting fastener (65) is configured in a cross shape.

4. The anti-scour hydraulic engineering revetment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower part of each of the fitting fasteners (65) is L-shaped.

5. The anti-scour hydraulic engineering revetment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope protection layer (2) is made of reinforced concrete.

6. The anti-scour revetment structure for hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushed stone cushion layer (3) is made of crushed stone or gravel.

7. The anti-scour revetment structure for hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective panel (4) is a precast reinforced concrete slab.

8. The anti-scour revetment structure for hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete base layer (5) is made of cast-in-place concrete.

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