Ecological dam for treating water and soil loss

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological environment treatment, and discloses an ecological dam for treating water and soil loss, which comprises a ground, a foundation groove is arranged at the top of the ground, a foundation frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the foundation groove, and a plurality of main body frames are fixedly connected to the top of the foundation frame. A front slope frame is fixedly connected to the front side of the main body frame, a rear slope frame is fixedly connected to the rear side of the main body frame, second filling materials are arranged at the bottoms of the inner walls of the main body frame and the foundation frame, and first filling materials are arranged at the bottoms of the inner walls of the front slope frame and the rear slope frame. According to the ecological dam, the ecological dam frame is modularly designed, so that the ecological dam can be rapidly applied to areas with serious water and soil loss in the process of building the ecological dam, then the frame is filled with materials, the surface of the dam body is covered with a vegetation layer, and therefore soil fixation and scour prevention are conducted; the problems that the ecological dam is complex in construction and difficult to maintain in the building process are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological environment governance technology, and in particular to an ecological dam for controlling soil erosion. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion is a major ecological and environmental problem facing the world, especially in mountainous, hilly areas and riverbank regions. Soil erosion not only leads to land degradation and reduced farmland yields, but also triggers natural disasters such as mudslides and landslides, which have a serious impact on the ecological environment and human life.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent publication number CN110670545B, which describes a diversion and slow-release ecological dam for soil erosion control. The dam includes a dam body, an upstream slope, a downstream slope, a stilling basin, and a vegetation zone. The dam body is situated within a ditch and contains vertical piles. The upstream slope is located on the upstream side of the dam body, and the downstream slope is located on the downstream side. All three slopes—the upstream slope, the dam body, and the downstream slope—are constructed using geotextile sandbags. This invention combines engineering and biological measures, using geotextiles as sandbags. Gravel of different particle sizes is filled into the sandbags and arranged in a gradually increasing order along the water flow direction to form an effective permeable body. Woody plants are planted on the dam crest, and herbaceous plants are planted upstream and downstream. As the plants mature, a large biological system is formed, and the plant roots further reinforce the dam structure. In addition to preventing soil erosion, the dam system also serves to retain floodwater and reduce peak flows.

[0004] However, in actual use, although the above-mentioned devices can achieve soil and water conservation, they are costly, complex to construct, and difficult to coexist harmoniously with the natural environment. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides an ecological dam for controlling soil erosion, aiming to improve the problems of complex construction and difficult maintenance of ecological dams.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an ecological dam for controlling soil erosion, comprising a ground surface, a foundation trench at the top of the ground surface, a foundation frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the foundation trench, multiple main frames fixedly connected to the top of the foundation frame, a front slope frame fixedly connected to the front side of the main frame, a rear slope frame fixedly connected to the rear side of the main frame, a second filling material provided at the bottom of the inner walls of both the main frame and the foundation frame, a first filling material provided at the bottom of the inner walls of both the front slope frame and the rear slope frame, ecological concrete fixedly connected to the front side of the front slope frame and the rear side of the rear slope frame, a vegetation layer provided on top of both ecological concrete sections, multiple water guiding channels provided in both the first and second filling materials, drainage pipes fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner walls of each water guiding channel, and monitoring components provided on the outer surface of the main frame.

[0007] The above technical solution involves modularizing the overall dam frame, allowing for the sequential installation of the foundation frame, main frame, front slope frame, and rear slope frame after foundation trenches are dug at the required locations during the construction of the ecological dam. This simplifies the entire installation process, reduces costs, and enables rapid application in areas with severe soil erosion. Furthermore, the modular units can be flexibly combined to adapt to different terrain conditions, thus improving applicability.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The monitoring component includes multiple pressure sensors, which are fixedly connected to the main frame. Multiple water level sensors are fixedly connected to the front side of the front slope frame and the rear side of the rear slope frame. A sediment monitor is fixedly connected to the top of the left inner wall of the drainage pipe. An electric valve is fixedly connected to the right side of the drainage pipe. Two brackets are fixedly connected to the top of the main frame, and two solar panels are fixedly connected to the top of each bracket.

[0010] The above technical solution involves installing water level sensors, pressure sensors, and sediment monitors on the dam body to monitor the overall pressure, water level, and water flow of the dam body regularly during daily use. The monitoring system is powered by solar panels installed on the top of the dam body, and the flow rate of the electric valves is controlled by the monitoring data to better maintain the stable operation of the ecological dam.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The depth of the foundation groove is 50cm, and the depth of the foundation groove is consistent with the height of the foundation frame.

[0013] The above technical solution involves creating a foundation trench to provide a stable foundation for the dam construction process, and then filling the foundation frame with a second filling material to ensure stable installation between the foundation frame and the top main frame.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The basic frame and the main frame are fixed together by a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

[0016] The above technical solution allows for rapid installation of the dam body through a snap-fit ​​fixing method. Furthermore, the modular design allows for free combination and installation according to the required dam body size, and can adapt to different installation areas.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The front slope frame and the rear slope frame are fixed to the main frame with bolts.

[0019] The above technical solution involves fixing the front and rear slope frames to the main frame with bolts. During the construction of the ecological dam, the number of front and rear slope frames can be appropriately increased according to the length of the main frame. This not only simplifies installation but also facilitates maintenance in the later stages.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The surface of the ecological concrete has evenly distributed holes.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the roots of the vegetation layer plants take root in the second filling material through evenly distributed holes. Since the second filling material is composed of a soil-rock mixture, the plant roots in the vegetation layer can stabilize the soil, prevent soil erosion, and maintain the stability of the dam.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] The drainage pipe runs through and extends into the vegetation layer on both the front and rear sides. The drainage pipe discharges water from the front side of the ecological dam to the rear side by opening an electric valve.

[0025] The above technical solution involves opening an electric valve, allowing water from the front of the dam to flow into the rear of the dam through a drainage pipe. Based on real-world analysis of various data collected over time, the flow rate of the electric valve is adjusted to ensure that the water is discharged into the rear of the dam at the optimal flow rate.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0027] The front water level sensor extends through and into the front vegetation layer, and the rear water level sensor extends through and into the rear vegetation layer.

[0028] The above technical solution involves a water level sensor penetrating into the vegetation layer to directly contact the water level during normal times, facilitating regular monitoring of the water level. By accurately measuring the water levels in front of and behind the dam, and closely monitoring the height difference between the two, real-time and precise control of the water storage volume can be achieved.

[0029] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. In this utility model, by modularly designing the ecological dam frame, it can be quickly applied to areas with severe soil erosion during the construction of the ecological dam. Then, materials are filled into the frame, and a vegetation layer is covered on the surface of the dam to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion, thus solving the problems of complex construction and difficult maintenance of ecological dams.

[0031] 2. In this utility model, pressure sensors are set between multiple main frames to monitor changes in soil pressure, and multiple water level sensors are set on both the front and rear sides of the dam to monitor changes in water storage. Sediment monitors and electric valves are set on both sides of the drainage pipe to monitor and control the discharge of water flow. This solves the problem that manual monitoring is too troublesome when regularly monitoring the condition of the ecological dam. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of an ecological dam for controlling soil erosion proposed in this utility model.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an ecological concrete dam for controlling soil erosion, as proposed in this utility model.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first filling material for an ecological dam used to control soil erosion, as proposed in this utility model.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor for an ecological dam used to control soil erosion, as proposed in this utility model.

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 1. Ground; 2. Foundation trench; 3. Foundation frame; 4. Main frame; 5. Front slope frame; 6. Rear slope frame; 7. Monitoring components; 701. Electric valve; 702. Water level sensor; 703. Pressure sensor; 704. Sediment monitor; 705. Support bracket; 706. Solar panel; 8. Water guide channel; 9. Drainage pipe; 10. Ecological concrete; 11. Vegetation layer; 12. First filling material; 13. Second filling material. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-3 An embodiment of this utility model provides an ecological dam for controlling soil erosion, comprising a ground surface 1, a foundation trench 2 at the top of the ground surface 1, a foundation frame 3 fixedly connected to the bottom of the foundation trench 2, multiple main frames 4 fixedly connected to the top of the foundation frame 3, a front slope frame 5 fixedly connected to the front side of the main frame 4, a rear slope frame 6 fixedly connected to the rear side of the main frame 4, a second filling material 13 provided at the bottom of the inner walls of both the main frame 4 and the foundation frame 3, a first filling material 12 provided at the bottom of the inner walls of both the front slope frame 5 and the rear slope frame 6, ecological concrete 10 fixedly connected to the front side of the front slope frame 5 and the rear side of the rear slope frame 6, a vegetation layer 11 provided at the top of both ecological concrete 10, multiple water guiding channels 8 provided in both the first filling material 12 and the second filling material 13, drainage pipes 9 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner walls of the water guiding channels 8, and a monitoring component 7 provided on the outer surface of the main frame 4.

[0040] Specifically, when constructing ecological dams in areas with severe soil erosion, a foundation trench 2 is opened on the ground 1, and a foundation frame 3 of appropriate length and quantity is installed in the foundation trench 2 according to the required length. According to the required height, multiple main frames 4 are installed on top of the foundation frame 3. Then, a second filling material 13 is filled into the foundation frame 3 and the main frame 4. The second filling material 13 is made of natural stone or recycled concrete blocks. Then, a front slope frame 5 and a rear slope frame 6 are set on the front and rear sides of the main frame 4, and a first filling material 12 is filled into them. The first filling material 12 is made of soil and stone mixture. A water guide channel 8 is opened in the first filling material 12 and the second filling material 13. The water flowing from the front of the dam flows into the rear of the dam through the drainage pipe 9 in the water guide channel 8. The entire construction process of the ecological dam is modular, which greatly shortens the construction speed and solves the problems of complex construction and difficult maintenance of ecological dams.

[0041] Reference Figures 3-4 The monitoring component 7 includes multiple pressure sensors 703, which are fixedly connected to the main frame 4. Multiple water level sensors 702 are fixedly connected to the front side of the front slope frame 5 and the rear side of the rear slope frame 6. A sediment monitor 704 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the left side of the drainage pipe 9. An electric valve 701 is fixedly connected to the right side of the drainage pipe 9. Two brackets 705 are fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 4. Two solar panels 706 are fixedly connected to the top of each bracket 705.

[0042] Specifically, during the daily use of the ecological dam, pressure sensors 703 are installed between two adjacent main frames 4. Timed monitoring by these sensors monitors changes in soil pressure, allowing for an understanding of the stress distribution within the dam body and aiding in determining the stability of the internal structure. Multiple water level sensors 702 are installed on both the front and rear sides of the dam body to monitor changes in water storage, providing data support for the rational control of drainage valves. Simultaneously, combined with upstream and downstream water level dynamics, the impact of water flow on the dam body is assessed for abnormalities. Furthermore, a sediment monitor 704 is installed on the inner wall of the front side of the drainage pipe 9, using optical scanning to monitor the amount of sediment carried by the water flow. Rapid sediment accumulation indicates increased soil erosion upstream, necessitating timely sand control measures. Electric valves 701 regulate flow after comprehensive analysis of the monitoring data. The entire monitoring component 7 is powered by solar panels 706 installed on the top of the dam body, solving the problem of cumbersome manual monitoring during regular monitoring of the ecological dam body.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 The depth of the foundation groove 2 is 50cm, and the depth of the foundation groove 2 is consistent with the height of the foundation frame 3;

[0044] Specifically, by opening a 50cm deep foundation trench 2 and fixing a foundation frame 3 in it, and then filling the foundation frame 3 with a second filling material 13 composed of crushed stone, a stable foundation for the ecological dam is constructed.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 The basic frame 3 and the main frame 4 are fixed together by a snap-fit ​​method;

[0046] Specifically, the interlocking fixing method between the basic frame 3 and the main frame 4 allows for rapid assembly of the dam body and combination according to the required dimensions during the construction of the ecological dam.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 The front slope frame 5 and the rear slope frame 6 are fixed to the main frame 4 with bolts;

[0048] Specifically, the front slope frame 5 and the rear slope frame 6 are fixed with bolts, which not only allows for quick installation during the installation process, but also allows for quick disassembly during later maintenance and disassembly.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 The surface of the ecological concrete 10 has evenly distributed holes.

[0050] Specifically, the vegetation layer 11 is planted with a variety of local drought-resistant, flood-resistant, and well-developed root systems of herbaceous plants and low shrubs. The roots of the vegetation penetrate through the holes on the surface of the ecological concrete 10 and penetrate deep into the soil of the dam, which not only stabilizes the soil and protects the slope, but also purifies the runoff on the slope.

[0051] Reference Figures 1-2 The drainage pipe 9 runs through and extends to the vegetation layer 11 on both the front and rear sides. The drainage pipe 9 discharges the water in front of the ecological dam to the rear side by opening the electric valve 701.

[0052] Specifically, by adjusting the electric valve 701, water from the front of the dam flows into the rear of the dam through the drainage pipe 9, preventing water accumulation at the dam foundation from affecting the stability of the dam. At the same time, the drainage speed can be adjusted during heavy rain to reduce downstream flood pressure.

[0053] Reference Figures 2-4 The front water level sensor 702 extends through and into the front vegetation layer 11, and the rear water level sensor 702 extends through and into the rear vegetation layer 11.

[0054] Specifically, the water level sensor 702 passes through the ecological concrete 10 and is in contact with the water flow under normal circumstances. While monitoring changes in water storage, it combines the dynamics of upstream and downstream water levels to determine whether the impact force of the water flow on the dam is abnormal.

[0055] Working principle: When constructing an ecological dam in an area with severe soil erosion, a foundation trench 2 is opened on the ground 1, and a foundation frame 3 of appropriate length and quantity is installed in the foundation trench 2 according to the required length. According to the required height, multiple main frames 4 are installed on top of the foundation frame 3. Then, a second filling material 13 is filled into the foundation frame 3 and the main frame 4. The second filling material 13 is made of natural stone or recycled concrete blocks. Then, a front slope frame 5 and a rear slope frame 6 are set on the front and rear sides of the main frame 4, and a first filling material 12 is filled into them. The first filling material 12 is made of soil and stone mixture. A water guide channel 8 is opened in the first filling material 12 and the second filling material 13. The water flowing from the front of the dam flows into the rear of the dam through the drainage pipe 9 in the water guide channel 8. The entire construction process of the ecological dam is modular, which greatly shortens the construction speed.

[0056] During daily use of the ecological dam, pressure sensors 703 are installed between two adjacent main frames 4. By monitoring the soil pressure changes through the pressure sensors 703 at regular intervals, the stress distribution of the dam body can be understood, which helps to determine whether the internal structure of the dam body is stable. Multiple water level sensors 702 are installed on both the front and rear sides of the dam body. By monitoring the water storage changes at regular intervals, data support can be provided for the reasonable control of drainage valves. At the same time, combined with the dynamic water levels of the upstream and downstream, it can be determined whether the impact force of the water flow on the dam body is abnormal.

[0057] Furthermore, by installing a sediment monitor 704 in the inner wall of the front side of the drainage pipe 9, using the optical scanning principle, the amount of sediment carried by the water flow is monitored. When the sediment accumulation rate is too fast, it indicates that the soil erosion upstream is aggravated and sand control measures need to be taken in time. The electric valve 701 regulates the flow after comprehensive analysis of the monitoring data. The overall power supply of the monitoring component 7 is provided by the solar panel 706 installed on the top of the dam.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion, comprising ground (1), characterized in that: The ground (1) has a foundation trench (2) at the top, a foundation frame (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the foundation trench (2), a number of main frames (4) are fixedly connected to the top of the foundation frame (3), a front slope frame (5) is fixedly connected to the front side of the main frame (4), a rear slope frame (6) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the main frame (4), a second filling material (13) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the main frame (4) and the foundation frame (3), a first filling material (12) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the front slope frame (5) and the rear slope frame (6), ecological concrete (10) is fixedly connected to the front side of the front slope frame (5) and the rear side of the rear slope frame (6), a vegetation layer (11) is provided on the top of the two ecological concrete (10), a number of water guide channels (8) are provided on the first filling material (12) and the second filling material (13), a drainage pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the water guide channel (8), and a monitoring component (7) is provided on the outer surface of the main frame (4).

2. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring component (7) includes multiple pressure sensors (703), which are fixedly connected to the main frame (4). Multiple water level sensors (702) are fixedly connected to the front side of the front slope frame (5) and the rear side of the rear slope frame (6). A sediment monitor (704) is fixedly connected to the top of the left inner wall of the drainage pipe (9). An electric valve (701) is fixedly connected to the right side of the drainage pipe (9). Two brackets (705) are fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (4), and two solar panels (706) are fixedly connected to the top of each of the two brackets (705).

3. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the foundation groove (2) is 50cm, and the depth of the foundation groove (2) is consistent with the height of the foundation frame (3).

4. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic frame (3) and the main frame (4) are fixed together by a snap-fit ​​method.

5. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front slope frame (5) and the rear slope frame (6) are fixed to the main frame (4) with bolts.

6. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the ecological concrete (10) has evenly distributed holes.

7. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (9) extends through and into the vegetation layer (11) on both the front and rear sides. The drainage pipe (9) discharges water from the front side of the ecological dam to the rear side by opening the electric valve (701).

8. An ecological dam for controlling soil erosion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front water level sensor (702) extends through and into the front vegetation layer (11) on the front side, and the rear water level sensor (702) extends through and into the rear vegetation layer (11) on the rear side.

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