Layered material distribution combustion system of coal-fired boiler
By setting a layered feeding mechanism on the grate of a coal-fired boiler, different types of coal can be output in layers, solving the problem of coal addition in layered combustion, improving combustion efficiency and safety, and reducing the carbon content of fly ash.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DATANG LINZHOU THERMAL POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, ensuring that different coal materials are added to different layers when using a grate to achieve stratified combustion is an urgent problem to be solved.
A layered feeding combustion system for a coal-fired boiler is designed. By setting a layered feeding mechanism above the grate in the combustion chamber and using discharge pipes of different lengths and a pushing mechanism, the layered output of coal in the bottom, middle and top layers can be achieved.
This allows for the layered arrangement of different coal materials on the top surface of the grate, improving combustion efficiency, reducing the carbon content of fly ash, decreasing coal consumption and environmental pollution, and ensuring the safe operation of the boiler.
Smart Images
Figure CN224229984U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal-fired boiler auxiliary efficiency improvement technology, specifically, a layered fuel distribution combustion system for a coal-fired boiler. Background Technology
[0002] The carbon content of boiler fly ash is one of the main operating and technical indicators reflecting the efficiency of coal-fired boilers in thermal power plants, directly reflecting the quality of boiler combustion. High carbon content in fly ash increases coal consumption, reduces the boiler's thermal economy, and can also cause blockages in flue gas passages, leading to secondary combustion in the boiler's tail flue, affecting safe boiler operation, and in severe cases, causing equipment damage and personal injury accidents. Therefore, reducing the carbon content of fly ash is not only essential for controlling the combustion of pulverized coal in the boiler, but also significantly improves the economic efficiency of the boiler unit, thereby reducing boiler dust emissions and environmental pollution.
[0003] By implementing stratified combustion, fly ash production during the combustion process can be effectively reduced. However, ensuring that different types of coal are added to different layers during the feeding process for stratified combustion using a grate is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a layered combustion system for a coal-fired boiler, so as to achieve the purpose of adding different types of layered combustion above the grate of the combustion system.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means:
[0006] A layered feeding combustion system for a coal-fired boiler includes a combustion chamber with a grate inside. Layered feeding mechanisms are provided on both sides of the combustion chamber. The discharge end of the layered feeding mechanism is located above the feeding side of the grate. The layered feeding mechanism sequentially outputs bottom layer coal, middle layer coal, and top layer coal.
[0007] Preferably, the layered feeding mechanism includes a first discharge pipe, a second discharge pipe, and a third discharge pipe arranged horizontally from top to bottom. The first discharge pipe is used to output the bottom layer of coal, the second discharge pipe is used to output the middle layer of coal, and the third discharge pipe is used to output the top layer of coal. The first discharge pipe, the second discharge pipe, and the third discharge pipe discharge materials sequentially.
[0008] Furthermore, one end of the first discharge pipe extends into the combustion chamber and is positioned above the grate, while the other end of the first discharge pipe is connected to a vertically upward first feeding pipe.
[0009] One end of the second discharge pipe extends into the combustion chamber and is positioned above the grate, while the other end of the second discharge pipe is connected to a vertically upward second feeding pipe;
[0010] One end of the third discharge pipe extends into the combustion chamber and is positioned above the grate, while the other end of the third discharge pipe is connected to a vertically upward third feeding pipe.
[0011] The first discharge pipe is equipped with a first pushing mechanism, the second discharge pipe is equipped with a second pushing mechanism, and the third discharge pipe is equipped with a third pushing mechanism. The first pushing mechanism, the second pushing mechanism, and the third pushing mechanism push out the pulverized coal in sequence.
[0012] Furthermore, the first feeding pipe, the second feeding pipe, and the third feeding pipe are arranged sequentially away from the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and the lengths of the first discharge pipe, the second discharge pipe, and the third discharge pipe increase sequentially. The discharge ends of the first discharge pipe, the second discharge pipe, and the third discharge pipe are located on the same vertical plane.
[0013] The first pushing mechanism includes a first push plate disposed inside the first discharge pipe, and a first push rod extending out of the first discharge pipe is installed on one side of the first push plate. The first push rod passes through the second feeding pipe and the third feeding pipe in sequence.
[0014] The second pushing mechanism includes a second push plate disposed inside the second discharge pipe, and a second push rod extending out of the second discharge pipe is installed on one side of the second push plate, the second push rod passing through the third feeding pipe;
[0015] The third pushing mechanism includes a third push plate disposed inside the third discharge pipe, and a third push rod extending out of the third discharge pipe is installed on one side of the third push plate;
[0016] The ends of the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod are simultaneously connected to a vertical connecting rod. The vertical connecting rod is connected to a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism is arranged parallel to the axis of the first push rod and / or the second push rod and / or the third push rod.
[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects during use:
[0018] When feeding the grate into the combustion chamber, the layered feeding mechanism allows the power mechanism of the feeding device to form layered materials on the top surface of the grate by utilizing the different order of coal falling during a single back-and-forth movement. This creates a layered arrangement of different coal materials on the top surface of the grate, thereby meeting the need for rapid layered feeding. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model.
[0021] Among them, 1-combustion chamber, 2-grate, 3-first discharge pipe, 4-second discharge pipe, 5-third discharge pipe, 6-first feeding pipe, 7-second feeding pipe, 8-third feeding pipe, 9-first push plate, 10-first push rod, 11-second push plate, 12-second push rod, 13-third push plate, 14-third push rod, 15-vertical connecting rod, 16-telescopic end. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.
[0025] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a layered feeding combustion system for a coal-fired boiler includes a combustion chamber 1, a grate 2 is provided in the combustion chamber 1, and layered feeding mechanisms are respectively provided on both side walls of the combustion chamber 1. The discharge end of the layered feeding mechanism is located above the feeding side of the grate 2. The layered feeding mechanism outputs bottom layer coal, middle layer coal and top layer coal in sequence.
[0029] In this way, when feeding the grate 2 in the combustion chamber 1, the layered feeding mechanism allows the power mechanism of the feeding device to form layered materials on the top surface of the grate 2 by utilizing the different order of coal falling in during one back-and-forth movement. This results in a layered arrangement of different coal materials on the top surface of the grate 2, thereby meeting the need for rapid layered feeding.
[0030] Specifically, the layered feeding mechanism includes a first discharge pipe 3, a second discharge pipe 4, and a third discharge pipe 5 arranged horizontally from top to bottom. The first discharge pipe 3 is used to output the bottom layer of coal, the second discharge pipe 4 is used to output the middle layer of coal, and the third discharge pipe 5 is used to output the top layer of coal. The first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 discharge materials sequentially.
[0031] One end of the first discharge pipe 3 extends into the combustion chamber 1 and is positioned above the grate 2, and the other end of the first discharge pipe 3 is connected to a vertically upward first feeding pipe 6;
[0032] One end of the second discharge pipe 4 extends into the combustion chamber 1 and is positioned above the grate 2, while the other end of the second discharge pipe 4 is connected to a vertically upward second feeding pipe 7.
[0033] One end of the third discharge pipe 5 extends into the combustion chamber 1 and is positioned above the grate 2, while the other end of the third discharge pipe 5 is connected to a vertically upward third feeding pipe 8.
[0034] The first discharge pipe 3 is equipped with a first pushing mechanism, the second discharge pipe 4 is equipped with a second pushing mechanism, and the third discharge pipe 5 is equipped with a third pushing mechanism. The first pushing mechanism, the second pushing mechanism, and the third pushing mechanism push out the coal powder in sequence.
[0035] Furthermore, the first feeding pipe 6, the second feeding pipe 7, and the third feeding pipe 8 are arranged sequentially away from the outer wall of the combustion chamber 1, and the lengths of the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 are sequentially increased. The discharge ends of the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 are located on the same vertical plane.
[0036] The first pushing mechanism includes a first push plate 9 disposed in the first discharge pipe 3, and a first push rod 10 extending out of the first discharge pipe 3 is installed on one side of the first push plate 9. The first push rod 10 passes through the second feeding pipe 7 and the third feeding pipe 8 in sequence.
[0037] The second pushing mechanism includes a second push plate 11 disposed inside the second discharge pipe 4, and a second push rod 12 extending out of the second discharge pipe 4 is installed on one side of the second push plate 11. The second push rod 12 passes through the third feeding pipe 8.
[0038] The third pushing mechanism includes a third push plate 13 disposed in the third discharge pipe 5, and a third push rod 14 extending out of the third discharge pipe 5 is installed on one side of the third push plate 13.
[0039] The ends of the first push rod 10, the second push rod 12, and the third push rod 14 are simultaneously connected to the vertical connecting rod 15. The vertical connecting rod 15 is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic end 16 of the telescopic mechanism is arranged parallel to the axis of the first push rod 10 and / or the second push rod 12 and / or the third push rod 14.
[0040] In this way, by setting the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 with different lengths, and ensuring that the outlet ends of the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 are flush, the coal in the first discharge pipe 3 falls first after the vertical connecting rod 15 completes one linear push, falling onto the grate 2 to form the bottom layer of coal. The coal in the second discharge pipe 4 is discharged after the bottom layer of coal has been discharged, falling above it to form the middle layer of coal. Finally, since the third discharge pipe 5 is the longest, the coal discharged from it can be discharged after the middle layer of coal has been laid, thus allowing the coal in the third discharge pipe 5 to be laid on top of the middle layer of coal, forming the top layer of coal. This facilitates the rapid and convenient formation of a three-layer material structure on the grate 2.
[0041] Furthermore, the layered feeding mechanism on both sides of the combustion chamber 1 can form a concave structure with high sides and low middle on the top surface of the grate 2 during the simultaneous feeding process. This allows for rapid airflow in the middle during the air circulation process, improving combustion efficiency and preventing excessive material buildup on the grate 2, which would hinder air passage.
[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the movement of the grate 2 during the feeding process is intermittently started and stopped. During feeding, the grate 2 stops moving; as the vertical connecting rod 15 retracts, the grate 2 begins to move. Similarly, the addition of material to the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 is also intermittent. When the vertical connecting rod 15 retracts to its end, the corresponding material is added to the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 through the first feeding pipe 6, the second feeding pipe 7, and the third feeding pipe 8, respectively. When the vertical connecting rod 15 begins to move, feeding to the first discharge pipe 3, the second discharge pipe 4, and the third discharge pipe 5 stops.
[0043] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A layered fuel distribution combustion system for a coal-fired boiler, characterized in that, It includes a combustion chamber (1), a grate (2) is provided in the combustion chamber (1), and a layered feeding mechanism is provided on both sides of the combustion chamber (1). The discharge end of the layered feeding mechanism is located above the feeding side of the grate (2). The layered feeding mechanism outputs bottom layer coal, middle layer coal and top layer coal in sequence.
2. The layered fuel distribution combustion system for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layered feeding mechanism includes a first discharge pipe (3), a second discharge pipe (4), and a third discharge pipe (5) arranged horizontally from top to bottom. The first discharge pipe (3) is used to output the bottom layer of coal, the second discharge pipe (4) is used to output the middle layer of coal, and the third discharge pipe (5) is used to output the top layer of coal. The first discharge pipe (3), the second discharge pipe (4), and the third discharge pipe (5) discharge materials in sequence.
3. The layered fuel distribution combustion system for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the first discharge pipe (3) extends into the combustion chamber (1) and is positioned above the grate (2), and the other end of the first discharge pipe (3) is connected to a vertically upward first feeding pipe (6). One end of the second discharge pipe (4) extends into the combustion chamber (1) and is positioned above the grate (2), and the other end of the second discharge pipe (4) is connected to a vertically upward second feeding pipe (7). One end of the third discharge pipe (5) extends into the combustion chamber (1) and is positioned above the grate (2), and the other end of the third discharge pipe (5) is connected to a vertically upward third feeding pipe (8). The first discharge pipe (3) is equipped with a first pushing mechanism, the second discharge pipe (4) is equipped with a second pushing mechanism, and the third discharge pipe (5) is equipped with a third pushing mechanism. The first pushing mechanism, the second pushing mechanism, and the third pushing mechanism push out the coal powder in sequence.
4. The layered fuel distribution combustion system for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first feeding pipe (6), the second feeding pipe (7) and the third feeding pipe (8) are arranged to move away from the outer wall of the combustion chamber (1) in sequence. The lengths of the first discharge pipe (3), the second discharge pipe (4) and the third discharge pipe (5) are arranged to increase in sequence. The discharge ends of the first discharge pipe (3), the second discharge pipe (4) and the third discharge pipe (5) are located on the same vertical plane. The first pushing mechanism includes a first push plate (9) disposed in the first discharge pipe (3), and a first push rod (10) extending out of the first discharge pipe (3) is installed on one side of the first push plate (9). The first push rod (10) passes through the second feeding pipe (7) and the third feeding pipe (8) in sequence. The second pushing mechanism includes a second push plate (11) disposed in the second discharge pipe (4), and a second push rod (12) extending out of the second discharge pipe (4) is installed on one side of the second push plate (11). The second push rod (12) passes through the third feeding pipe (8). The third pushing mechanism includes a third push plate (13) disposed in the third discharge pipe (5), and a third push rod (14) extending out of the third discharge pipe (5) is installed on one side of the third push plate (13). The ends of the first push rod (10), the second push rod (12) and the third push rod (14) are simultaneously connected to the vertical connecting rod (15). The vertical connecting rod (15) is connected to the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic end (16) of the telescopic mechanism is arranged parallel to the axis of the first push rod (10) and / or the second push rod (12) and / or the third push rod (14).