Microwave and hot air synergistic drying device for cereal grains

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microwave hot air synergistic drying device for cereal grains, and belongs to the technical field of grain machinery. According to the feeding unit, a spiral conveyor is connected with a feeding mechanism and a first discharging mechanism. According to the drying unit, an upper belt conveyor is horizontally arranged in an upper box body, a plurality of microwave generating mechanisms are evenly distributed on the top of the upper box body, and a heat pump is located outside the upper box body and communicated with the upper box body through a pipeline. According to the cooling unit, a lower belt conveyor is horizontally arranged in a lower box body, and an air blower is installed outside the lower box body and communicated with the lower box body through a pipeline. And the discharging unit comprises a material distributing mechanism and a discharging pipe. The advantages of hot air drying and microwave drying are combined, and the grain drying uniformity and the working efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a microwave hot air combined drying device for cereal grains, belonging to the field of grain machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Grains such as rice, wheat, and corn have a moisture content of about 20-30% after harvest. Drying is an important post-harvest process. If they are not dried to a safe moisture level in time for storage, they are very likely to rot and mold.

[0003] Traditional drying methods mainly involve natural air drying and drying equipment, primarily hot air drying and microwave drying. Natural air drying is affected by weather conditions and requires manual turning, making it inefficient, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Hot air drying dries grains by blowing hot air, but it is time-consuming and inefficient. While microwave drying is highly efficient, it results in uneven drying and can lead to localized overheating.

[0004] Furthermore, in continuous drying equipment, how to achieve grain turning remains a key factor affecting drying uniformity. In the field of mechanical transmission, the technology of using a synchronous belt to drive multiple parallel rotating shafts and supplementing them with tensioning pulleys is relatively mature (as shown in CN216547978U). However, existing technologies have not yet provided clear guidance on applying this technology to the drying process of cereal grains. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a microwave and hot air combined drying device for cereal grains, which combines the advantages of hot air drying and microwave drying to improve the uniformity and efficiency of grain drying.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains, characterized in that it includes: a feeding unit, a drying unit, a cooling unit, and a discharging unit, the structure of each unit being as follows:

[0008] The feeding unit includes a feeding mechanism, a screw conveyor, and a first unloading mechanism; the screw conveyor is arranged at an incline and is connected to the feeding mechanism at the bottom and the first unloading mechanism at the top.

[0009] The drying unit includes an upper chamber, an upper belt conveyor, multiple microwave generating mechanisms, and a heat pump. The upper belt conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the upper chamber. The top and bottom of the upper chamber are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. The first unloading mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the screw conveyor and the feed inlet of the upper chamber. Multiple microwave generating mechanisms are evenly distributed on the top of the upper chamber. The heat pump is located outside the upper chamber and is connected to the upper chamber through a pipe.

[0010] The cooling unit includes a lower housing, a lower belt conveyor, a blower, and a second feeding mechanism; the top and bottom of the lower housing are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and the lower belt conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the lower housing; the second feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the upper housing and the feed inlet of the lower housing; the blower is installed outside the lower housing and is connected to the lower housing through a pipe;

[0011] The discharge unit includes a material distribution mechanism and a discharge pipe. The inlet of the material distribution mechanism is connected to the outlet of the lower housing, and the outlet of the material distribution mechanism is connected to the inlet mechanism and the discharge pipe, respectively.

[0012] Using the above scheme, the grain first enters through the feeding mechanism and is lifted by the screw conveyor to the first feeding mechanism at the top. Then, it enters the upper box for drying through the first feeding mechanism, is conveyed by the upper belt conveyor to the discharge port of the upper box, and then enters the lower box for cooling through the second feeding mechanism. It is then conveyed by the lower belt conveyor to the discharge port of the lower box, and finally discharged through the discharge unit.

[0013] Inside the upper chamber, multiple microwave generators are activated along the conveyor belt to dry the grain; a heat pump is also turned on to deliver hot air through pipes into the upper chamber for further drying. Combining hot air drying and microwave drying not only achieves rapid heating but also ensures uniform drying, thus improving overall drying uniformity and efficiency.

[0014] Inside the lower chamber, a blower supplies cool air (at room temperature) to cool the dried grain. Temperature and moisture sensors are installed in both the upper and lower chambers. The temperature sensors control the operation of the heat pump, microwave generator, and blower, while the moisture sensors monitor the moisture content of the grain. If the grain in the lower chamber meets the required moisture content, a distribution mechanism connects the lower chamber to the discharge pipe for collection; otherwise, the distribution mechanism connects the lower chamber to the feeding mechanism to continue drying.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the upper chamber is provided with a second hollow interlayer, which has a second air inlet. The top of the upper chamber is provided with a second air outlet. The heat pump is connected to the second air inlet via a pipe. The second hollow interlayer has several vent holes to blow hot air into the upper chamber. That is, the hot air generated by the heat pump enters the second hollow interlayer through the pipe. The second hollow interlayer is laid at the bottom of the upper chamber, and the hot air then enters the upper chamber through several vent holes. The second hollow interlayer can heat and insulate the entire upper chamber, and also increase the air intake area and air intake uniformity, so that the temperature inside the upper chamber is uniform, thus improving the drying uniformity.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer cylinder of the screw conveyor is provided with a first hollow interlayer. The bottom and top ends of the first hollow interlayer are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet. The second air outlet is connected to the first air inlet via a pipe. The upper housing is provided with a second air outlet, which serves two purposes: firstly, it stabilizes the gas pressure inside the housing; secondly, it allows warm gas to be introduced into the outer cylinder interlayer of the screw conveyor for preliminary preheating of the grain during the lifting process, fully utilizing residual heat and saving energy.

[0017] Furthermore, the top of the lower housing is provided with a third hollow interlayer, which has a third air inlet. The end of the lower housing is provided with a third air outlet. The blower is connected to the third air inlet via a pipe. The third hollow interlayer has several vents to blow cold air into the lower housing. That is, the cold air (at room temperature) generated by the blower enters the third hollow interlayer through the pipe. The third hollow interlayer is laid on the top of the lower housing, and the cold air then enters the lower housing through several vents. The third hollow interlayer can increase the air intake area and the uniformity of air intake, making the temperature inside the housing uniform.

[0018] Furthermore, the pipes of the first and second air outlets are respectively equipped with filter devices. The filter elements of the filter devices can be adjusted as needed, and are mainly used to intercept moisture and impurities in the gas.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper housing contains multiple first rollers with rake teeth, evenly distributed above the upper belt conveyor, with both ends of the first rollers rotatably mounted to the side walls of the upper housing. Similarly, the lower housing contains multiple second rollers with rake teeth, evenly distributed above the lower belt conveyor, with both ends of the second rollers rotatably mounted to the side walls of the lower housing. Multiple rake teeth form a group, arranged axially along the first (second) rollers, and circumferentially along the first (second) rollers, used to agitate the grain on the upper (lower) belt conveyor, ensuring even drying and preventing grain accumulation. The first (second) rollers share a single motor and a synchronous belt. The motor drives the first (second) rollers via the synchronous belt and pulley to agitate the grain.

[0020] Furthermore, the first and second feeding mechanisms each include a feeding channel, an adjusting bolt, a baffle, and an adjusting nut. The top of the baffle is hinged to the inner wall of the feeding channel, the adjusting nut is fixed to the wall thickness of the feeding channel, and the adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut. An inclined block is connected to the end of the adjusting bolt, and the inclined surface of the inclined block abuts against the outer wall of the baffle. By rotating the adjusting bolt, the length of the adjusting bolt extending into the feeding channel is adjusted to change the inclination angle of the baffle, thereby changing the opening between the baffle and the feeding channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the material distribution mechanism includes two parallel discharge channels, two valve plates, two rotating shafts, and two drive motors. The two valve plates are respectively rotatably mounted in the corresponding discharge channels via the rotating shafts, and the two drive motors respectively drive the two rotating shafts to control the opening degree of the valve plates. As needed, the drive motors drive the corresponding rotating shafts to rotate, causing the corresponding valve plates to flip, thus opening or closing the corresponding discharge channels.

[0022] This utility model has a simple and reasonable structure and is easy to manufacture. It combines microwave drying and hot air drying, taking advantage of their respective strengths, and features high drying efficiency and uniform drying, thereby improving the quality of grain drying. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first or second feeding mechanism in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first roller or the second roller in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution mechanism in this utility model;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Feeding mechanism; 2. Screw conveyor; 3. First unloading mechanism; 4. Upper housing; 5. Upper belt conveyor; 6. Microwave generator; 7. Heat pump; 8. Lower housing; 9. Lower belt conveyor; 10. Blower; 11. Second unloading mechanism; 12. Material distribution mechanism; 13. Second hollow sandwich layer; 14. Second air outlet; 15. First hollow sandwich layer; 16. First air inlet; 17. Third hollow sandwich layer; 18. Third air outlet; 19. Filter device; 20. Baffle; 21. Unloading channel; 22. Adjusting nut; 23. Inclined block; 24. Rake teeth; 25. First roller; 26. Synchronous belt; 27. Unloading channel; 28. Valve plate; 29. ​​Rotating shaft; 30. Drive motor; 31. Adjusting bolt; 32. Detailed Implementation

[0028] A microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains includes: a feeding unit, a drying unit, a cooling unit, and a discharging unit.

[0029] 1. For example Figure 1 As shown, the feeding unit includes a feeding mechanism 1, a screw conveyor 2, and a first unloading mechanism 3; the screw conveyor is arranged at an incline and is connected to the feeding mechanism at the bottom and the first unloading mechanism at the top.

[0030] 2. For example Figure 1As shown, the drying unit includes an upper chamber 4, an upper belt conveyor 5, multiple microwave generating mechanisms 6, and a heat pump 7. The upper belt conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the upper chamber. The top and bottom of the upper chamber are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. The first feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the screw conveyor and the feed inlet of the upper chamber. Multiple microwave generating mechanisms are evenly distributed on the top of the upper chamber. The heat pump is located outside the upper chamber and is connected to the upper chamber through a pipe.

[0031] 3. For example Figure 1 As shown, the cooling unit includes a lower housing 8, a lower belt conveyor 9, a blower 10, and a second feeding mechanism 11; the top and bottom of the lower housing are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and the lower belt conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the lower housing; the second feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the upper housing and the feed inlet of the lower housing; the blower is installed outside the lower housing and is connected to the lower housing through a pipe.

[0032] 4. For example Figure 1 As shown, the discharge unit includes a material distribution mechanism 12 and a discharge pipe. The inlet of the material distribution mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the lower box, and the discharge outlet of the material distribution mechanism is connected to the material feeding mechanism and the discharge pipe respectively.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown by the solid black arrow in the middle, the grain first enters through the feeding mechanism 1, is lifted by the screw conveyor 2 to the first unloading mechanism 3, enters the upper box 4 for drying, is transported to the discharge port by the upper belt conveyor 5, then enters the lower box 8 for cooling through the second unloading mechanism 11, is transported to the discharge port by the lower belt conveyor 9, and finally is discharged through the distribution mechanism 12.

[0034] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the upper housing is provided with a second hollow interlayer 13, the second hollow interlayer is provided with a second air inlet, the top of the upper housing is provided with a second air outlet 14, the heat pump is connected to the second air inlet through a pipe, and the second hollow interlayer is provided with several ventilation holes to blow hot air into the upper housing.

[0035] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer cylinder of the screw conveyor is provided with a first hollow interlayer 15. The bottom and top of the first hollow interlayer are respectively provided with a first air inlet 16 and a first air outlet 17. The second air outlet is connected to the first air inlet through a pipe to send the warm gas in the upper box into the outer cylinder interlayer of the screw conveyor to preheat the grain in the lifting state.

[0036] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1As shown, the top of the lower housing is provided with a third hollow interlayer 18, the third hollow interlayer is provided with a third air inlet, the end of the lower housing is provided with a third air outlet 19, the blower is connected to the third air inlet through a pipe, and the third hollow interlayer is provided with several ventilation holes to blow cold air into the lower housing.

[0037] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, filter devices 20 are respectively installed on the pipes of the first and second air outlets to intercept moisture and impurities in the gas.

[0038] In one embodiment of this utility model, the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism each include a feeding channel, an adjusting bolt, a baffle, and an adjusting nut. Taking the second feeding structure as an example, as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the top of the baffle 21 is hinged to the inner wall of the feeding channel 22, the adjusting nut 23 is fixed to the wall thickness of the feeding channel, and the adjusting bolt 32 is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut; the end of the adjusting bolt is connected to an inclined block 24, and the inclined surface of the inclined block abuts against the outer wall of the baffle. Rotating the adjusting bolt adjusts the length of the adjusting bolt extending into the feeding channel, thereby changing the opening of the feeding channel.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper box is provided with a plurality of first rollers with rake teeth, the plurality of first rollers being evenly distributed above the upper belt conveyor, and the two ends of the first rollers being rotatably assembled with the two side walls of the upper box respectively; the lower box is provided with a plurality of second rollers with rake teeth, the plurality of second rollers being evenly distributed above the lower belt conveyor, and the two ends of the second rollers being rotatably assembled with the two side walls of the lower box respectively.

[0040] Taking the first roller as an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple rake teeth 25 form a group and are arranged axially along the first roller 26. The two groups of rake teeth are evenly arranged circumferentially along the first roller to agitate the grain on the upper belt conveyor, so that the grain dries evenly and does not easily accumulate. The first roller shares a motor and a synchronous belt 27. The motor drives the first roller through the synchronous belt and synchronous pulley.

[0041] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 4 As shown, the material distribution mechanism includes two parallel discharge channels 28, two valve plates 29, two rotating shafts 30, and two drive motors 31. The two valve plates are respectively mounted in the corresponding discharge channels via rotating shafts, and the two drive motors drive the two rotating shafts respectively to control the opening of the valve plates.

Claims

1. A microwave hot air combined drying device for cereal grains, characterized in that it comprises: The feeding unit includes a feeding mechanism, a screw conveyor, and a first unloading mechanism; the screw conveyor is arranged at an incline and is connected to the feeding mechanism at the bottom and the first unloading mechanism at the top. The drying unit includes an upper chamber, an upper belt conveyor, multiple microwave generating mechanisms, and a heat pump; the upper belt conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the upper chamber, and the top and bottom of the upper chamber are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and the first unloading mechanism is respectively connected to the discharge outlet of the screw conveyor and the feed inlet of the upper chamber; Multiple microwave generating mechanisms are evenly distributed on the top of the upper housing, and the heat pump is located outside the upper housing and connected to the upper housing through a pipe; The cooling unit includes a lower housing, a lower belt conveyor, a blower, and a second feeding mechanism; the top and bottom of the lower housing are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and the lower belt conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the lower housing; the second feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the upper housing and the feed inlet of the lower housing; the blower is installed outside the lower housing and is connected to the lower housing through a pipe; The discharge unit includes a material distribution mechanism and a discharge pipe. The inlet of the material distribution mechanism is connected to the discharge outlet of the lower housing, and the discharge outlet of the material distribution mechanism is connected to the inlet mechanism and the discharge pipe, respectively.

2. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper housing is provided with a second hollow interlayer, the second hollow interlayer is provided with a second air inlet, the top of the upper housing is provided with a second air outlet, the heat pump is connected to the second air inlet through a pipe, and the second hollow interlayer is provided with several ventilation holes to blow hot air into the upper housing.

3. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer cylinder of the screw conveyor is provided with a first hollow interlayer. The bottom and top of the first hollow interlayer are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet. The second air outlet is connected to the first air inlet through a pipe.

4. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the lower housing is provided with a third hollow interlayer, the third hollow interlayer is provided with a third air inlet, the end of the lower housing is provided with a third air outlet, the blower is connected to the third air inlet through a pipe, and the third hollow interlayer is provided with several ventilation holes to blow cold air into the lower housing.

5. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pipes of the first and second air outlets are respectively equipped with filter devices.

6. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper housing contains multiple first rollers with rake teeth, which are evenly distributed above the upper belt conveyor; the lower housing contains multiple second rollers with rake teeth, which are evenly distributed above the lower belt conveyor.

7. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second feeding mechanisms each include a feeding channel, an adjusting bolt, a baffle, and an adjusting nut. The top of the baffle is hinged to the inner wall of the feeding channel, the adjusting nut is fixed to the wall thickness of the feeding channel, and the adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut. An inclined block is connected to the end of the adjusting bolt, and the inclined surface of the inclined block abuts against the outer wall of the baffle.

8. The microwave hot air co-drying device for cereal grains according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution mechanism includes two parallel discharge channels, two valve plates, two rotating shafts, and two drive motors. The two valve plates are respectively mounted in the corresponding discharge channels via rotating shafts, and the two drive motors respectively drive the two rotating shafts to control the opening degree of the valve plates.

Images