Dental diaphragm detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of dental diaphragms, in particular to a dental diaphragm detection device which comprises an upper dental model and a lower dental model which are arranged in a matched mode, teeth of the upper dental model and teeth of the lower dental model are sleeved with dental diaphragms, the upper dental model is tightly pressed on the lower dental model, the two sets of dental diaphragms can be extruded mutually, and the dental diaphragms are arranged on the upper dental model and the lower dental model. The control assembly is used for controlling the upper dental cast to move on the lower dental cast, the control assembly comprises a control rod connected to the upper dental cast and a driving part for driving the control rod to move, and the upper dental cast moves on the lower dental cast in the horizontal direction. The application has the effect of detecting the use performance of the dental diaphragm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of dental membranes, and in particular to a detection device for dental membranes. Background Technology

[0002] Dental films are a crucial raw material for manufacturing clear aligners. Clear aligners are typically made by pressing highly transparent dental films onto dental models. The thermoforming process involves heating the dental film at high temperatures to soften it before pressing. After heating, gas pressure is used to wrap the softened film around the surface of a rapidly formed resin dental model. This is followed by cooling, film separation, and cutting. The finished dental film can then be trimmed with scissors for use in orthodontic treatments such as teeth straightening. Traditional invisible braces are made using these films.

[0003] Currently, there is no equipment in the industry that can directly test the orthodontic force of alveolar aligners, nor is there equipment that can simulate the oral environment to directly test the stress retention performance of dental membranes. Performance testing is largely based on the selection of properties related to the physical properties of transparent elastic materials. However, the properties of transparent elastic materials may change during the processing and manufacturing of dental membranes, and the performance of the dental membrane directly affects the orthodontic ability of alveolar aligners. Therefore, there is a need for a testing device that can simulate the oral environment and directly test the performance of dental membranes. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to test the performance of dental membranes, this application provides a testing device for dental membranes.

[0005] This application provides a dental membrane testing device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A dental diaphragm testing device includes an upper dental mold and a lower dental mold that are fitted together. A dental diaphragm is fitted on the teeth of both the upper and lower dental molds, and the upper dental mold is pressed against the lower dental mold so that the two dental diaphragms can be squeezed against each other. The device also includes a control component for controlling the movement of the upper dental mold on the lower dental mold. The control component includes a control rod connected to the upper dental mold and a drive member for driving the control rod to move horizontally on the lower dental mold.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, since the produced dental membranes need to be installed on the patient's teeth for convenience such as eating, the dental membranes on the upper and lower teeth will rub against each other. Therefore, when testing the performance of the produced dental membranes, the dental membrane to be tested is installed on the corresponding dental mold. A drive component is used to drive the movement of a control rod. During the movement, the control rod can control the upper dental mold to move horizontally, thereby causing the dental membrane on the upper dental mold to rub against the dental membrane on the lower dental mold. The service life of the dental membrane is observed through long-term friction. When the dental membrane is worn out, the service time of the dental membrane is obtained, thus determining the performance of the dental membrane.

[0008] Preferably, the driving component includes a drive motor and a drive turntable. The drive motor controls the rotation of the drive turntable. The end of the control rod away from the upper dental mold is connected to the drive turntable and is located near the edge. The control rod is rotatably connected to the drive turntable.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive motor can drive the rotation of the drive mechanism. The end of the control lever is rotatably connected to the drive turntable. During the rotation of the drive turntable, the control lever can be moved, thereby moving the upper dental mold. The use of a drive motor has the advantage of rapid response and can adjust the movement speed of the control lever, enabling the detection of the dental diaphragm's lifespan in a short time.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the control rod away from the upper dental mold is fixed with a guide rod arranged along the length direction of the control rod, and a guide hole is opened on the guide rod along its length direction. A drive block is fixed on the surface of the drive turntable, and the drive block is slidably fitted in the guide hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod fixed on the control rod, along with the guide hole and drive block that are set in cooperation, can control the guide rod to move only in the horizontal direction when the drive turntable rotates, thereby controlling the relative horizontal movement between the upper and lower dental molds, which is more in line with the process of chewing food.

[0012] Preferably, the device further includes a testing box for placing the upper and lower dental molds. The testing box has a hollow interior and an opening on one side. The upper and lower dental molds are placed in the testing box, and the lower dental mold is fixed to the testing box. The testing box is filled with a testing liquid for testing dental films. The testing liquid is simulated oral saliva. The control components are located outside the testing box.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the dental membrane is immersed in the test solution during the testing process, which can better simulate the state of chewing food in the human mouth, thereby improving the accuracy of the test and better obtaining the performance of the dental membrane.

[0014] Preferably, a reset component is fixed on the detection box. The reset component includes a reset rod fixed on the detection box and arranged along the width direction of the detection box. The reset rod passes through the control rod, and the control rod is slidably fitted on the reset rod. A reset spring is sleeved on the reset rod at a position on both sides of the control rod. One end of the reset spring is connected to the detection box, and the other end is connected to the control rod.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the reset rod can make the control rod more stable during movement and prevent the control rod from tilting. When the control rod moves back and forth along the reset rod, when the control rod moves to one end of the reset rod, compresses the reset spring and prepares to move in the opposite direction, the reset spring can drive the control rod to move quickly to the other end of the reset rod, which increases the movement speed of the control rod. After the detection is completed, the control rod can be restored to its initial state.

[0016] Preferably, the control component further includes a linkage connected to the control rod. The outer wall of the detection box is fixed with an installation plate. The linkage includes a linkage turntable rotatably mounted on the installation plate, a linkage block fixed on the surface of the linkage turntable, a connecting rod fixed on the control rod, and a linkage rod fixed to the end of the connecting rod away from the control rod. The linkage rod has a linkage hole, and the linkage block is slidably fitted in the linkage hole. The linkage rod and the guide rod have the same structure. The linkage rod is parallel to the guide rod. A transmission rod is rotatably connected between the linkage block and the drive block. The distance between the linkage block and the center of the linkage turntable is equal to the distance between the drive block and the center of the drive turntable.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, during the movement of the control lever, the drive turntable drives the guide rod to move horizontally. During the rotation of the drive turntable, the transmission rod can drive the rotation of the linkage turntable. During the rotation of the linkage turntable, the rotation of the linkage rod is controlled. Since the linkage rod is parallel to the guide rod, the drive turntable and the linkage turntable simultaneously control the movement of the guide rod and the linkage rod, making the control lever more stable during the movement and preventing the control lever from tilting during the movement.

[0018] Preferably, a stabilizing rod is fixed between the linkage rod and the guide rod, and the stabilizing rod is parallel to the transmission rod.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the linkage rod and guide rod are connected and fixed as a whole by the setting of the stabilizing rod, so that the rotation of the linkage rod and guide rod is more stable during the rotation controlled by the drive motor.

[0020] Preferably, the length of the guide rod is less than the diameter of the drive turntable, and the length of the linkage rod is less than the diameter of the linkage turntable, so that the guide rod and the linkage rod can slide along the diameter direction of the corresponding turntable; a sliding hole along the length direction of the control rod is provided on the control rod at the position where the reset rod passes through.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the lengths of the guide rod and the linkage rod are less than the diameter of the corresponding turntable, the turntable can move the guide rod and the linkage rod perpendicular to the direction of the control rod and also move along the length of the control rod during rotation. This allows the upper dental mold to move left and right and back and forth on the lower dental mold, achieving multi-directional friction and more closely resembling the action of chewing food. The sliding hole set on the control rod allows the control rod to slide on the reset rod.

[0022] Preferably, the upper dental mold is provided with a clamping assembly, which includes a clamping frame fixed on the testing box and a swing rod swinging on the upper dental mold. The lower end of the swing rod is ball-jointed to the upper dental mold, and its upper end passes through the clamping frame and swings on the clamping frame. A clamping spring is sleeved on the swing rod. One end of the clamping spring abuts against the upper dental mold, and the other end abuts against the clamping frame.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the compression spring can apply downward pressure to the upper dental mold, so that the dental membrane on the upper dental mold can always be pressed against the dental membrane on the lower dental mold, preventing the two dental membranes from separating during the movement of the upper dental mold.

[0024] Preferably, the upper dental mold and the control rod are connected and fixed by fixing bolts.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixing bolts are used to achieve fixation. During the test, the upper dental mold is fixed on the control rod. After the test is completed, the upper dental mold can be removed, or it is convenient to replace different types of upper dental molds, and it is also convenient to replace the dental membranes on the two dental molds.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. When testing the performance of dental diaphragms, the dental diaphragm to be tested is installed on the corresponding dental mold, and the upper dental mold is pressed against the lower dental mold. By starting the drive motor, the control rod is moved, thereby causing the upper dental mold to reciprocate on the lower dental mold, so that the two dental diaphragms can rub against each other.

[0028] 2. During the testing of dental membranes, the linkage can be connected to the control rod, increasing the stability of the control rod during movement, preventing the control rod from tilting, and thus allowing the control rod to perform regular reciprocating motion;

[0029] 3. The clamping component installed on the upper dental mold can apply a certain pressure to the upper dental mold, so that the upper dental mold can also be pressed against the lower dental mold during the reciprocating movement, thus preventing the upper and lower dental molds from losing contact. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the control components in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Upper dental mold; 2. Lower dental mold; 3. Dental diaphragm; 4. Testing box; 41. Fixing plate; 42. Mounting plate; 5. Control assembly; 51. Control rod; 511. Sliding hole; 52. Drive component; 521. Drive motor; 522. Drive turntable; 523. Drive block; 53. Guide rod; 531. Guide hole; 54. Reset component; 541. Reset rod; 542. Reset spring; 55. Linkage component; 551. Linkage turntable; 552. Linkage block; 553. Connecting rod; 554. Linkage rod; 555. Linkage hole; 556. Transmission rod; 557. Stabilizing rod; 6. Clamping assembly; 61. Clamping frame; 62. Swing rod; 63. Clamping spring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of this invention as defined in the following description can be applied to other implementations, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this invention.

[0034] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0035] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2This application will be described in further detail.

[0037] This application discloses a device for detecting dental membranes.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 This application includes an upper dental mold 1, a lower dental mold 2, and a dental membrane 3 for making denture models. The two cooperate with each other. The dental membrane 3 used for testing can be pre-processed into a shape that matches the upper dental mold 1 and the lower dental mold 2, so that it can be accurately fitted onto the upper dental mold 1 and the lower dental mold 2, and the dental membrane 3 on the upper dental mold 1 can be pressed tightly onto the dental membrane 3 on the lower dental mold 2.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 A dental diaphragm testing device includes a testing box 4 for testing the performance of a dental diaphragm 3 and a control component 5 disposed outside the testing box 4. An upper dental mold 1 and a lower dental mold 2, which enclose the dental diaphragm 3, are placed in the testing box 4, and the lower dental mold 2 is fixed to the testing box 4. The control component 5 can control the movement of the upper dental mold 1 on the lower dental mold 2, so that the two dental diaphragms 3 on the upper dental mold 1 and the lower dental mold 2 can rub against each other to realize the action of teeth chewing food. By allowing the dental diaphragms 3 to rub against each other, the fatigue life of the dental diaphragm 3 can be tested, and the performance of the dental diaphragm 3 can be detected.

[0040] The testing chamber 4 is a hollow structure with an open top surface. The testing chamber 4 is filled with a testing liquid that simulates human saliva, allowing the dental diaphragm 3 to be tested in a near-realistic environment. During the testing process, the dental diaphragm 3 on the two dental molds can be immersed in the testing liquid.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The control component 5 includes a control rod 51 connected to the upper dental mold 1. The control rod 51 extends outward from the upper opening of the detection box 4 and extends outward along the length of the detection box 4. A drive component 52 for moving the control rod 51 is provided outside the detection box 4. A fixing plate 41 is fixed on the outer wall of the detection box 4. The drive component 52 includes a drive motor 521 mounted on the fixing plate 41. A drive turntable 522 is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor 521. A drive block 52 is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the drive turntable 522 near its edge. 3. A guide rod 53 is fixed at the end of the control rod 51 away from the upper dental mold 1. The length direction of the guide rod 53 is the same as that of the control rod 51, and a guide hole 531 is provided on the guide rod 53 along its length direction. The drive block 523 is slidably fitted in the guide hole 531. When the drive motor 521 controls the drive turntable 522 to rotate, and under the action of the guide rod 53, the drive guide hole 531 moves in the horizontal direction, thereby allowing the upper dental mold 1 to move in the horizontal direction, so that the dental membrane 3 on the upper dental mold 1 and the lower dental mold 2 can rub against each other.

[0042] The control rod 51 and the upper dental mold 1 are detachably fixed together by means of a fixing bolt. During testing, the upper dental mold 1 is fixed to the control rod 51. After testing, the upper dental mold 1 can be removed or easily replaced with different types of upper dental molds 1, and it is also convenient to replace the dental membranes 3 on the two dental molds.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A reset component 54 is provided on the side of the detection box 4 near the drive motor 521. The reset component 54 includes a reset rod 541 fixed at the edge of the opening above the detection box 4. The reset rod 541 is set along the width direction of the detection box 4 and passes horizontally through the control rod 51, allowing the control rod 51 to slide along the length direction of the reset rod 541. When the drive motor 521 drives the control rod 51 to move, it allows the control rod 51 to slide more smoothly, preventing the control rod 51 from tilting, and allowing the control rod 51 to move regularly along the length direction of the reset rod 541. The reciprocating motion; a pair of reset springs 542 are symmetrically arranged on the reset rod 541 and on both sides of the control rod 51. The reset springs 542 are sleeved on the reset rod 541. One end of the reset spring 542 is fixed to the detection box 4, and the other end abuts against the control rod 51. When the control rod 51 reciprocates along the reset rod 541, the control rod 51 moves to one end of the reset rod 541, compresses the reset spring 542 and prepares to move in the opposite direction. During this process, the reset spring 542 can drive the control rod 51 to move quickly to the other end of the reset rod 541, thereby increasing the moving speed of the control rod 51.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The control assembly 5 also includes a linkage 55 disposed outside the detection box 4. A mounting plate 42 is fixed to the outer wall of the detection box 4 near the opening at the top of the detection box 4. The mounting plate 42 is parallel to the fixed plate 41. The linkage 55 includes a linkage turntable 551 rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 42, and a drive turntable 522 also rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 42. The linkage turntable 551 and the drive turntable 522 are the same size, located on the same horizontal plane, and their centers are on the same horizontal line. A linkage block 552 is fixed to the linkage turntable 551 near its edge. The distance between the linkage block 552 and the center of the linkage turntable 551 is the same as the distance between the drive block 523 and the circle of the drive turntable 522. An L-shaped connecting rod 553 is fixed to the control rod 51. A connecting rod 553 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod 553 away from the control rod 51. The moving rod 554, the linkage rod 554, and the guide rod 53 have the same structure and are arranged in parallel. A linkage hole 555 along the length of the linkage rod 554 is provided. The linkage block 552 is slidably fitted into the linkage hole 555. In the initial state, the position of the linkage block 552 on the linkage turntable 551 is the same as the position of the drive block 523 on the drive turntable 522. A transmission rod 556 is connected between the linkage block 552 and the drive block 523. The two ends of the transmission rod 556 are respectively rotatably fitted with the linkage block 552 and the drive block 523. When the drive turntable 522 rotates, the transmission rod 556 can control the linkage turntable 551 to rotate synchronously, thereby controlling the rotation of the linkage rod 554. This allows the control rod 51 and the linkage rod 554 to move synchronously in the horizontal direction, thus making the upper dental mold 1 more stable during movement.

[0045] A stabilizing rod 557 is fixed between the linkage rod 554 and the guide rod 53. The stabilizing rod 557 is parallel to the transmission rod 556. The stabilizing rod 557 connects and fixes the linkage rod 554 and the guide rod 53 into a whole, so that the linkage rod 554 and the guide rod 53 move more stably during the rotation controlled by the drive motor 521.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The length of the linkage rod 554 is less than the diameter of the linkage turntable 551, and the length of the guide rod 53 is less than the diameter of the drive turntable 522. The linkage rod 554 and the guide rod 53 are the same length, and the linkage hole 555 and the guide hole 531 are the same length. When the drive turntable 522 controls the guide rod 53 to rotate, the guide rod 53 and the linkage rod 554 can move perpendicular to the direction of the control rod 51 and along the length direction of the control rod 51, so that the upper dental mold 1 can move left and right and back and forth on the lower dental mold 2, realizing multi-directional friction, which is closer to the action of chewing food. In order to ensure the normal movement of the guide rod 53 and the linkage rod 554, a sliding hole 511 is provided on the control rod 51 at the position where the reset rod 541 passes through. The length direction of the sliding hole 511 is set along the length direction of the control rod 51, so that the control rod 51 can move normally on the reset rod 541.

[0047] A clamping assembly 6 is provided on the upper dental mold 1. The clamping assembly 6 includes a clamping frame 61 fixed on the testing box 4. The clamping frame 61 is U-shaped and spans across the top of the testing box 4. A swing rod 62 is oscillatingly mounted on the clamping frame 61. The swing rod 62 passes through the clamping frame 61, and a hinge ball is fixed to the lower end of the swing rod 62. The swing rod 62 is hinged to the upper dental mold 1 through the hinge ball, allowing the swing rod 62 to move with the upper dental mold 1. A hinge ball is rotatably mounted on the clamping frame 61 at the position where the swing rod 62 passes through. The swing rod 62 passes through the hinge ball, and during the swinging process, the swing rod 62... 2. The hinge ball slides relative to the upper dental mold 1, which can rotate freely on the clamping frame 61. The swing rod 62 allows the upper dental mold 1 to move within a controllable range, preventing the upper dental mold 1 from moving too much. A clamping spring 63 is sleeved on the swing rod 62. The upper end of the clamping spring 63 abuts against the clamping frame 61, and the lower end abuts against the upper dental mold 1. The clamping spring 63 can apply downward pressure to the upper dental mold 1, so that the dental membrane 3 on the upper dental mold 1 can always be pressed against the dental membrane 3 on the lower dental mold 2, preventing the two dental membranes 3 from separating during the movement of the upper dental mold 1.

[0048] The implementation principle of a dental membrane testing device according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: When testing a dental membrane 3, the dental membrane 3 to be tested is installed on the corresponding dental mold, and the upper dental mold 1 is connected and fixed to the control rod 51, so that the upper dental mold 1 is pressed onto the lower dental mold 2, and the upper dental mold 1 and the lower dental mold 2 are placed in the testing box 4. The drive motor 521 is started to drive the control rod 51 to move, so that the upper dental mold 1 moves regularly in the horizontal direction on the lower dental mold 2, so that the dental membrane 3 to be tested can rub against each other, and the wear state is observed during the friction process.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments. Without departing from the described principles, the implementation of the present invention may have any modifications or variations.

Claims

1. A dental diaphragm testing device, comprising an upper dental mold and a lower dental mold arranged in a mating manner, wherein a dental diaphragm is fitted onto the teeth of both the upper and lower dental molds, and the upper dental mold is pressed against the lower dental mold so that the two sets of dental diaphragms can be pressed against each other, characterized in that: It also includes a control component for controlling the movement of the upper dental mold on the lower dental mold. The control component includes a control rod connected to the upper dental mold and a drive element for driving the control rod to move horizontally on the lower dental mold.

2. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a drive motor and a drive turntable. The drive motor controls the rotation of the drive turntable. The end of the control rod away from the upper dental mold is connected to the drive turntable and is located near the edge. The control rod is rotatably connected to the drive turntable.

3. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the control rod away from the upper dental mold is fixed with a guide rod arranged along the length of the control rod. The guide rod has a guide hole arranged along its length. A drive block is fixed on the surface of the drive turntable and the drive block is slidably fitted in the guide hole.

4. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a testing box for placing the upper and lower dental molds. The testing box has a hollow interior and an opening on one side. The upper and lower dental molds are placed in the testing box, and the lower dental mold is fixed to the testing box. The testing box is filled with a testing fluid for testing dental films. The testing fluid is simulated oral saliva. The control components are located outside the testing box.

5. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A reset component is fixed on the detection box. The reset component includes a reset rod fixed on the detection box and arranged along the width direction of the detection box. The reset rod passes through the control rod, and the control rod is slidably fitted on the reset rod. A reset spring is sleeved on the reset rod at a position on both sides of the control rod. One end of the reset spring is connected to the detection box, and the other end is connected to the control rod.

6. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control assembly also includes a linkage component connected to the control rod. The outer wall of the detection box is fixed with a mounting plate. The linkage component includes a linkage turntable rotatably mounted on the mounting plate, a linkage block fixed on the surface of the linkage turntable, a connecting rod fixed on the control rod, and a linkage rod fixed to the end of the connecting rod away from the control rod. The linkage rod has a linkage hole, and the linkage block is slidably fitted in the linkage hole. The linkage rod and the guide rod have the same structure. The linkage rod is parallel to the guide rod. A transmission rod is rotatably connected between the linkage block and the drive block. The distance between the linkage block and the center of the linkage turntable is equal to the distance between the drive block and the center of the drive turntable.

7. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stabilizing rod is fixed between the linkage rod and the guide rod, and the stabilizing rod is parallel to the transmission rod.

8. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the guide rod is less than the diameter of the drive turntable, and the length of the linkage rod is less than the diameter of the linkage turntable, allowing the guide rod and linkage rod to slide along the diameter direction of the corresponding turntable; a sliding hole along the length direction of the control rod is provided on the control rod at the position where the reset rod passes through.

9. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper dental mold is provided with a clamping assembly, which includes a clamping frame fixed on the testing box and a swing rod swinging on the upper dental mold. The lower end of the swing rod is ball-jointed to the upper dental mold, and its upper end passes through the clamping frame and swings on the clamping frame. A clamping spring is sleeved on the swing rod. One end of the clamping spring abuts against the upper dental mold, and the other end abuts against the clamping frame.

10. The dental membrane detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper dental mold and the control rod are connected and fixed by fixing bolts.

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