Electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device comprising a lightning stroke overvoltage induction module, a sampling module and a calculation module, the lightning stroke overvoltage induction module is electrically connected with the sampling module and is used for monitoring the overvoltage flowing through an electrical line in real time, and the sampling module is electrically connected with the calculation module and is used for calculating the overvoltage flowing through the electrical line. The overvoltage waveform acquisition module is used for acquiring overvoltage waveforms on an electrical circuit and sending the acquired overvoltage waveforms to the calculation module for calculation, comparison and identification of overvoltage waveform types, the calculation module is electrically connected with the threshold judgment module, and the threshold judgment module is electrically connected with the sampling module. And the overvoltage waveform higher than a set threshold value is collected through the threshold value judgment module and the calculation module is awakened. According to the utility model, the lightning stroke fault type can be accurately judged according to the overvoltage waveform, so that different methods are adopted to carry out fault removal and maintenance, thereby having important significance for overvoltage protection of electrical equipment and lightning protection of electrical lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of overvoltage identification, specifically to a device for identifying overvoltage waveforms in electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical equipment plays a vital role in our lives and production, bringing us great convenience and serving as an important source of energy. However, with the widespread distribution of power lines, their insulation protection levels are often low, making electrical equipment on these lines highly susceptible to lightning strikes. This can lead to flashover faults and power outages. Types of lightning overvoltage include direct lightning strike overvoltage, induced lightning overvoltage, and lightning backflashover overvoltage.

[0003] When lightning strikes a power line directly, the powerful lightning current generates direct lightning overvoltage, or induced lightning overvoltage can be generated due to the induction of current in nearby conductive objects when lightning strikes an object. Both can cause lightning overvoltage faults on power lines. Because direct lightning overvoltage and induced lightning overvoltage occur through different pathways, their fault formation mechanisms differ. If the type of lightning overvoltage cannot be determined, it can lead to a lack of objective basis for applying lightning protection measures, making it difficult to improve lightning protection effectiveness. Currently, most devices for identifying lightning overvoltage types rely on current signal analysis or spectral analysis of overvoltage signals. However, these methods cannot accurately distinguish between lightning overvoltage and operational overvoltage. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device capable of identifying overvoltage waveforms in electrical equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The summary section of this utility model is intended to briefly introduce the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description section below. This summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0005] To address the problems and shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device. Through a lightning overvoltage sensing module, a sampling module, a threshold judgment module, a filtering module, and a calculation module, it can classify the overvoltage waveform flowing through electrical lines, enabling personnel to quickly take appropriate measures to handle the situation and reduce lightning overvoltage faults on power lines. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: It includes a lightning overvoltage sensing module, a sampling module, a threshold judgment module, and a calculation module; the lightning overvoltage sensing module is electrically connected to the sampling module for real-time monitoring of overvoltages flowing through electrical lines; the calculation module is electrically connected to the threshold judgment module, and the threshold judgment module is electrically connected to the sampling module, while the sampling module is electrically connected to the calculation module. The threshold judgment module selects overvoltages higher than a set threshold, the sampling module collects and processes the overvoltage signals, and the processed overvoltage signals are sent to the calculation module. The calculation module performs calculations, comparisons, and identification to determine the type of lightning overvoltage.

[0007] Preferably, a filtering module is electrically connected between the sampling module and the calculation module to filter out interference in the acquired and processed overvoltage signal.

[0008] Preferably, the calculation module is also electrically connected to the data storage module for storing the acquired overvoltage signal and the calculation data of the calculation module.

[0009] Preferably, the sampling module includes an operational amplifier circuit chip, with a feedback resistor connected between the input and output terminals of the operational amplifier circuit chip, and the input terminal of the operational amplifier circuit chip is also connected to a TVS diode and a diode.

[0010] Preferably, the threshold judgment module includes two identical comparison circuits, each comparison circuit including an input positive voltage divider resistor, an input negative voltage divider resistor, and a comparator. One end of the input positive voltage divider resistor has a signal line connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier circuit chip.

[0011] Preferably, the computing module includes an MCU control chip, and the MCU control chip is an STM32L151RCT6 model.

[0012] Preferably, the data storage module includes a FLASH flash memory chip, and the FLASH flash memory chip is of model W25Q64.

[0013] Preferably, the operational amplifier circuit chip is the AD8541ARZ model.

[0014] Preferably, the comparator is an LMV7271 model.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects provided by this utility model are:

[0016] This utility model provides an electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device that can quickly identify the type of lightning overvoltage flowing through electrical lines, enabling personnel to take appropriate measures. In use, the lightning overvoltage sensing module first monitors the overvoltage flowing through the electrical lines in real time. Then, the threshold judgment module collects overvoltage signals exceeding a set threshold, and combines this with the sampling module to amplify and filter these overvoltage signals. The processed overvoltage signals are then transmitted to the calculation module for calculation. By calculating and comparing the lightning overvoltage type, the calculation module can accurately determine the type of the collected overvoltage signal and notify personnel to take appropriate action. Furthermore, the calculation module is connected to a data storage module, which can flash the collected overvoltage data and the data processed by the calculation module, allowing for timely retrieval when needed. This utility model can accurately determine the type of lightning fault based on the overvoltage waveform, thus enabling different methods for troubleshooting and maintenance. Therefore, it is of great significance for overvoltage protection of power equipment and lightning protection of electrical lines. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall connection block diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a pin connection diagram of the computing module in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the threshold judgment module in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the sampling module in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a pin connection diagram of the data storage module in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0023] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other. Example

[0024] This embodiment provides a device for identifying overvoltage waveforms in electrical equipment, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, this utility model mainly includes a lightning overvoltage sensing module, a threshold judgment module, a sampling module, a filtering module, a calculation module, and a data storage module. The output of the lightning overvoltage sensing module is connected to the sampling module, which monitors the overvoltage flowing through the electrical circuit in real time. Then, the output of the threshold judgment module is connected to the sampling module to select overvoltage signals exceeding a set threshold for passage. The sampling module then collects the passed overvoltage waveform signals. The threshold judgment module is also connected to the calculation module to activate the calculation module after collecting the overvoltage waveform signals. The output of the sampling module is then connected to the calculation module to transmit the collected overvoltage waveform signals to the calculation module. The calculation module calculates and compares the types of lightning overvoltages to accurately determine the type of overvoltage collected, enabling personnel to take appropriate action.

[0025] A filtering module is connected between the sampling module and the calculation module. This module filters out noise and interference from the overvoltage waveform signal, improving its quality and reliability. The calculation module is connected to the data storage module, which stores the acquired overvoltage signal and the data processed by the calculation module, allowing for timely retrieval when needed.

[0026] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the computing module mainly includes an ARM control chip U1, and in this embodiment, the ARM control chip U1 is an STM32L151RCT6 chip. The STM32L151RCT6 chip is a 32-bit MCU microcontroller with ultra-low power consumption and high performance. It features rich communication interfaces, high precision, and large-capacity memory, and is widely used in home automation, smart grids, factory automation, and other fields.

[0027] Reference Figure 3As shown, the threshold judgment module includes two identical sets of comparison circuits, which together form a threshold window. When the absolute value of the acquired overvoltage exceeds the set threshold, the calculation module is activated, and then the sampling and filtering modules begin operation. Each comparison circuit mainly includes a comparator U2. The negative input of comparator U2 is connected between resistors R2 and R4, while the positive input is connected between resistors R1 and R3. One end of resistor R2 is connected to VCC, and the other end is connected to resistor R4 and then grounded. One end of resistor R1 leads out the INb signal line, and the other end is connected to resistor R3 and then grounded. An INa signal line is also led out from one end of resistor R3. The output of comparator U2 outputs a wake-up signal, and the output is also connected to capacitor C1 and then grounded. Resistors R1 and R3 are the positive input voltage divider resistors, and resistors R2 and R4 are the negative input voltage divider resistors. The threshold value can be set by adjusting resistors R1 and R3.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the voltage across signal lines INa and INb exceeds a set threshold, the second set of comparator circuits triggers operation. The voltage at the positive input terminal of the comparator will then be greater than the voltage at the negative input terminal, and the comparator's output pin will output a wake-up signal to the calculation module. Similarly, when the voltage across signal line INa is less than the voltage across INb, the first set of comparator circuits triggers operation. Comparator U2 uses the LMV7271 chip, a single-channel low-power comparator with rail-to-rail input characteristics. It can operate at power supply voltages of 1.8V, 2.7V, and 5V, and its input common-mode voltage range exceeds the rail by 0.1V, making it suitable for wide voltage range applications.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the sampling module mainly includes operational amplifier chip U3. The input terminal of operational amplifier chip U3 is connected to a transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS), and the other end of the TVS is grounded. The signal lines INa and INb of comparator U2 are connected between operational amplifier chip U3 and the TVS. The positive and negative terminals of operational amplifier chip U3 are connected to power supply Vcc and ground Gnds, respectively. The output terminal of operational amplifier chip U3 is connected to the calculation module, which outputs a digital voltage signal. A feedback resistor R5 is connected between the negative input and output terminals of operational amplifier chip U3. The amplification factor of operational amplifier chip U3 can be changed by adjusting the value of feedback resistor R5. Additionally, the filtering module mainly includes a filter capacitor C3, which is connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier chip U3 to effectively prevent noise and other interference from entering the circuit. Diodes D1 and D2 are connected in parallel between the positive and negative input terminals of the operational amplifier circuit chip U3. The TVS transistor, diodes D1 and D2 provide good protection for the circuit to prevent damage from reverse voltage.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the data storage module mainly includes a FLASH chip U4. The FLASH chip U4 is connected to the computing module via its SPI bus, and it uses the W25Q64 model chip. The W25Q64 chip is a low-cost, miniaturized, and easy-to-use non-volatile memory, commonly used for data storage, character ROM storage, and firmware program storage. It ensures that the stored data is not lost during power failure and remains unchanged after power loss. The chip select (CS) pin of the W25Q64 chip is connected to VCC via a pull-up resistor in series. The power supply pin (VCC) of the W25Q64 chip is connected to ground via a capacitor C4 in series, serving a voltage regulation and filtering function.

[0031] Method of using this utility model

[0032] When using the electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device provided in this embodiment to determine overvoltage, the specific steps include the following.

[0033] Step 1: First, use a lightning overvoltage sensing module to monitor the overvoltage flowing through the electrical circuit in real time;

[0034] Step 2: After the overvoltage exceeds the set threshold, the acquisition module is triggered to collect overvoltage waveform data, which is then amplified and filtered before being sent to the calculation module.

[0035] Step 3: Calculate the overvoltage sampling array and variance within the calculation module based on the processed overvoltage waveform data;

[0036] Step 4: Using the above overvoltage sampling array and variance, calculate the covariance and cross-correlation coefficient between it and the typical direct lightning waveform array, induced lightning waveform array, and switching overvoltage array;

[0037] Step 5: Determine the cross-correlation coefficient between the overvoltage sampling array and each waveform array category. When the cross-correlation coefficient is closest to 1 (greater than 0.9), it indicates that the overvoltage sampling array has a higher similarity to that waveform array category, thus determining the waveform category of the acquired overvoltage signal.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0039] Furthermore, in this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, and other embodiments are also possible. Those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for identifying overvoltage waveforms in electrical equipment, characterized in that: The system includes a lightning overvoltage sensing module, a sampling module, a threshold judgment module, and a calculation module. The lightning overvoltage sensing module is electrically connected to the sampling module and is used to monitor overvoltages flowing through electrical lines in real time. The calculation module is electrically connected to the threshold judgment module, which in turn is electrically connected to the sampling module. The sampling module is also electrically connected to the calculation module. The threshold judgment module selects overvoltages higher than a set threshold, the sampling module collects and processes the overvoltage signals, and sends the processed overvoltage signals to the calculation module. The calculation module first collects an array and variance of overvoltage waveform data flowing through electrical lines, and calculates its covariance and cross-correlation coefficient with a typical lightning waveform array. The type of lightning overvoltage is identified by the cross-correlation coefficient.

2. The device for identifying overvoltage waveforms in electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling module and the calculation module are also electrically connected to a filtering module, which is used to filter out interference in the acquired and processed overvoltage signal.

3. The device for identifying overvoltage waveforms in electrical equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation module is also electrically connected to the data storage module for storing the collected overvoltage signal and the calculation data of the calculation module.

4. The electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling module includes an operational amplifier circuit chip, with a feedback resistor connected between the input and output terminals of the operational amplifier circuit chip, and the input terminal of the operational amplifier circuit chip is also connected to a TVS diode and a diode.

5. The electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The threshold judgment module includes two identical comparison circuits, each of which includes an input positive voltage divider resistor, an input negative voltage divider resistor, and a comparator. One end of the input positive voltage divider resistor has a signal line connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier circuit chip.

6. The electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The computing module includes an MCU control chip, which is an STM32L151RCT6 model.

7. The electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data storage module includes a FLASH flash memory chip, which is a W25Q64 model.

8. The electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operational amplifier circuit chip used is the AD8541ARZ model.

9. The electrical equipment overvoltage waveform identification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The comparator used is the LMV7271 model.

Images