Mobile power supply charging management system

Abstract

The utility model provides a mobile power supply charging management system. The mobile power supply charging management system comprises a power supply input rectification circuit; the switching power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected with the power supply input rectifying circuit; a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit electrically connected with the switching power supply conversion circuit; the power driving circuit is electrically connected with the switching power supply conversion circuit and the PWM control circuit; wherein the input of the power supply input rectifying circuit is external alternating current, and the output of the power supply input rectifying circuit is stable direct current voltage; the switching power supply conversion circuit inputs stable direct-current voltage and outputs stable direct-current voltage and a multi-level direct-current power supply; the input of the PWM control circuit is a stable DC voltage, and the PWM control circuit outputs a PWM signal to the power driving circuit, so that the power driving circuit controls the stable DC voltage to carry out voltage conversion according to the received PWM signal, and outputs a stable mobile power supply load. The mobile power supply can reduce energy loss and improve power conversion efficiency, thereby prolonging endurance time of the mobile power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a mobile power charging management system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic information technology, portable power banks have become an indispensable electronic device in people's daily lives. The portable power bank charging management system is responsible for controlling the charging and discharging process, ensuring the safety of the power bank, and achieving efficient energy management. However, the charging stability and energy utilization efficiency of current portable power bank charging management systems still need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mobile power bank charging management system that can reduce energy loss, improve power conversion efficiency, and thus extend the battery life of the mobile power bank.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0005] A mobile power bank charging management system includes:

[0006] Power input rectifier circuit;

[0007] The switching power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected to the power input rectifier circuit.

[0008] A pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply conversion circuit;

[0009] A power drive circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply conversion circuit and the PWM control circuit;

[0010] The power input rectifier circuit receives external AC power as input and outputs a stable DC voltage as output.

[0011] The switching power supply conversion circuit inputs a stable DC voltage and outputs a stable DC voltage and a multi-level DC power supply.

[0012] The input to the PWM control circuit is a stable DC voltage, and the output PWM signal is sent to the power drive circuit, so that the power drive circuit controls the stable DC voltage to perform voltage conversion according to the received PWM signal and outputs a stable mobile power load.

[0013] Optionally, the power input rectifier circuit includes:

[0014] An input interface that is electrically connected to alternating current;

[0015] The rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the input interface;

[0016] A first filter circuit electrically connected to the rectifier bridge;

[0017] The input interface is connected to AC power, which suppresses surge current and filters the AC power; the rectifier bridge converts the AC power to DC power; and the first filter circuit filters the DC power into a stable DC voltage.

[0018] Optionally, the switching power supply conversion circuit includes:

[0019] A stable DC voltage interface electrically connected to the power input rectifier circuit;

[0020] A switching transformer electrically connected to the stable DC voltage interface;

[0021] The secondary rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the switching transformer;

[0022] The control chip is electrically connected to the stable DC voltage interface and the switching transformer;

[0023] A feedback adjustment circuit electrically connected to the control chip and the secondary rectifier filter circuit;

[0024] The stable DC voltage interface outputs a stable DC voltage; the control chip controls the internal integrated switching transistor to turn on or off. When the switching transistor is on, the stable DC voltage charges and stores energy in the primary winding of the switching transformer; when the switching transistor is off, the primary winding of the switching transformer is coupled to the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction; the secondary rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding to output a multi-level DC power supply; the feedback adjustment circuit adjusts the operating state of the switching transistor based on the feedback of the multi-level DC power supply to the control chip.

[0025] Optionally, the secondary rectifier filter circuit includes:

[0026] The rectifier diodes electrically connected to the switching transformer;

[0027] A first filter capacitor electrically connected to the rectifier diode;

[0028] A three-terminal voltage regulator electrically connected to the filter capacitor;

[0029] The second filter capacitor is electrically connected to the three-terminal voltage regulator;

[0030] The rectifier diode rectifies the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding into pulsed DC power; the first filter capacitor filters the pulsed DC power to output a primary DC power supply; the three-terminal regulator converts the primary DC power supply into a secondary DC power supply; and the second filter capacitor filters the secondary DC power supply for output.

[0031] Optionally, the feedback adjustment circuit includes:

[0032] An optocoupler electrically connected to the primary DC power supply and the control chip;

[0033] The Zener diode is electrically connected to the optocoupler;

[0034] The Zener diode provides a reference voltage. The first-stage DC power supply is compared with the reference voltage, and the control chip is controlled to adjust the working state of the switching transistor according to the comparison result to maintain the output voltage stability of the first-stage and second-stage DC power supplies.

[0035] Optionally, the PWM control circuit includes:

[0036] The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit is electrically connected to the first-stage DC power supply.

[0037] The PWM controller electrically connected to the operational amplifier auxiliary circuit,

[0038] The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit processes the first-stage DC power supply into a feedback signal suitable for the PWM controller to recognize; the PWM controller configures the oscillation frequency, outputs a PWM signal, drives the power drive circuit to turn on and off, and adjusts the PWM signal duty cycle according to the feedback signal.

[0039] Optionally, the power drive circuit includes:

[0040] The PWM signal drive circuit is electrically connected to the PWM controller.

[0041] The power switching converter circuit is electrically connected to the stable DC voltage and PWM signal drive circuit;

[0042] The rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the power switch conversion circuit.

[0043] The PWM signal driving circuit amplifies the PWM signal in a push-pull manner to drive the power switching converter circuit. Under the drive of the PWM signal, the power switching converter circuit converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power and then steps it down. The rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the stepped-down high-frequency AC power to output a stable mobile power load.

[0044] Optionally, the PWM signal driving circuit includes: a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, a third transistor Q10, and a fourth transistor Q11. The first transistor Q8, the second transistor Q9, the third transistor Q10, and the fourth transistor Q11 form a push-pull structure to amplify the input PWM signal and drive the power switching conversion circuit.

[0045] Optionally, the power switching conversion circuit includes:

[0046] The first transformer is electrically connected to the PWM signal drive circuit;

[0047] A metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) power switch circuit electrically connected to the first transformer and a stable DC voltage;

[0048] The second transformer is electrically connected to the MOS transistor power switch circuit;

[0049] The first transformer amplifies the PWM signal; the MOSFET power switch circuit, driven by the PWM signal, converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power; and the second transformer steps down the high-frequency AC power.

[0050] Optionally, the rectifier filter circuit includes:

[0051] The rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the power switch conversion circuit;

[0052] A second filter circuit electrically connected to the rectifier circuit;

[0053] A protection circuit electrically connected to the second filter circuit;

[0054] The rectifier circuit converts AC power to DC power, the second filter circuit filters the DC power to form a stable mobile power load, and the protection circuit provides overcurrent protection for the stable mobile power load and outputs the protection.

[0055] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0056] The power input rectifier circuit in this solution converts external AC power into a stable DC voltage. External AC power may exhibit voltage fluctuations and frequency instability; this circuit effectively eliminates these interferences, providing a stable power supply foundation for subsequent circuits. The switching power conversion circuit uses a switching mode for voltage conversion, resulting in higher energy conversion efficiency compared to traditional linear power supplies. In the process of converting the stable input DC voltage into a stable output DC voltage and multi-level DC power, energy loss is reduced, heat generation is decreased, and the overall system energy utilization rate is improved.

[0057] The PWM control circuit controls the power drive circuit by outputting a PWM signal. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the output voltage can be precisely adjusted. This precise voltage regulation ensures that the power bank's output voltage remains stable within the range required by the device, preventing damage due to excessively high or low voltage and improving charging safety and reliability. It can quickly adjust the PWM signal parameters according to load changes, enabling the power drive circuit to respond promptly to load variations and maintain stable output voltage. When the power demand of the connected mobile device suddenly increases or decreases, the PWM control circuit can quickly adjust to ensure the continuity and stability of the charging process.

[0058] This circuit controls a stable DC voltage based on the received PWM signal to perform voltage conversion, achieving efficient power conversion. It can further process and adjust the voltage output from the switching power supply converter to meet the demands of the power bank load. Precise control reduces power loss, improves power conversion efficiency, and thus extends the power bank's battery life. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the power input rectifier circuit and the switching power conversion circuit of this utility model.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the PWM control circuit of this utility model.

[0061] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the power drive circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0063] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model proposes a mobile power bank charging management system, including:

[0064] Power input rectifier circuit;

[0065] The switching power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected to the power input rectifier circuit.

[0066] A pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply conversion circuit;

[0067] A power drive circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply conversion circuit and the PWM control circuit;

[0068] The power input rectifier circuit receives external AC power as input and outputs a stable DC voltage as output.

[0069] The switching power supply conversion circuit inputs a stable DC voltage and outputs a stable DC voltage and a multi-level DC power supply.

[0070] The input to the PWM control circuit is a stable DC voltage, and the output PWM signal is sent to the power drive circuit, so that the power drive circuit controls the stable DC voltage to perform voltage conversion according to the received PWM signal and outputs a stable mobile power load.

[0071] In this embodiment, the power input rectifier circuit converts external AC power into a stable DC voltage. External AC power may experience voltage fluctuations and frequency instability; the power input rectifier circuit effectively eliminates these interferences, providing a stable power supply foundation for subsequent circuits. The switching power conversion circuit uses a switching mode for voltage conversion, resulting in higher energy conversion efficiency compared to traditional linear power supplies. In the process of converting the input stable DC voltage into the output stable DC voltage and multi-level DC power, energy loss is reduced, heat generation is decreased, and the overall energy utilization rate of the system is improved.

[0072] The PWM control circuit controls the power drive circuit by outputting a PWM signal. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the output voltage can be precisely adjusted. This precise voltage regulation ensures that the power bank's output voltage remains stable within the range required by the device, preventing damage due to excessively high or low voltage and improving charging safety and reliability. It can quickly adjust the PWM signal parameters according to load changes, enabling the power drive circuit to respond promptly to load variations and maintain stable output voltage. When the power demand of the connected mobile device suddenly increases or decreases, the PWM control circuit can quickly adjust to ensure the continuity and stability of the charging process.

[0073] This circuit controls a stable DC voltage based on the received PWM signal to perform voltage conversion, achieving efficient power conversion. It can further process and adjust the voltage output from the switching power supply converter to meet the demands of the power bank load. Precise control reduces power loss, improves power conversion efficiency, and thus extends the power bank's battery life.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the power input rectifier circuit includes:

[0075] An input interface that is electrically connected to alternating current;

[0076] The rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the input interface;

[0077] A first filter circuit electrically connected to the rectifier bridge;

[0078] The input interface is connected to AC power, which suppresses surge current and filters the AC power; the rectifier bridge converts the AC power to DC power; and the first filter circuit filters the DC power into a stable DC voltage.

[0079] Specifically, the input interface includes CN1, NTC2, and C16; the rectifier bridge includes KBU808; and the first filter circuit includes C17 and C22.

[0080] CN1 is the AC power input port, through which external AC power enters the circuit. NTC2 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor connected to the input port. At power-on, its resistance is high, effectively suppressing inrush current. As current flows and heat is generated, its resistance gradually decreases to reduce power loss during normal operation. C16 is a safety capacitor connected in parallel with the input port to filter high-frequency interference, preventing high-frequency noise from entering subsequent circuits and ensuring the purity of the input AC power.

[0081] The KBU808 converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). It contains four diodes connected in a bridge configuration, which can flip the negative half-cycle of the input AC to output pulsed DC. During the positive half-cycle of the AC, the current follows a specific path through the diodes inside the rectifier bridge; during the negative half-cycle, the current flows through another diode path, ultimately resulting in DC at the output of the rectifier bridge.

[0082] C17 and C22 have the characteristic of storing and releasing charge. When the pulsed DC output from the rectifier bridge enters the filter circuit, the capacitors store charge when the voltage rises and release charge when the voltage drops. This smooths out voltage fluctuations and filters the pulsed DC into a relatively stable DC voltage (+300, -300V).

[0083] In this embodiment, the power input rectifier circuit provides a clean and stable DC input for subsequent switching power conversion (+300V→+12V / +5V) through a four-stage architecture of NTC surge suppression, safety capacitor filtering, high-efficiency rectifier bridge, and dual capacitor energy storage, laying the foundation for the high efficiency and reliability of the entire mobile power system.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the switching power supply conversion circuit includes:

[0085] A stable DC voltage interface electrically connected to the power input rectifier circuit;

[0086] A switching transformer electrically connected to the stable DC voltage interface;

[0087] The secondary rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the switching transformer;

[0088] The control chip is electrically connected to the stable DC voltage interface and the switching transformer;

[0089] A feedback adjustment circuit electrically connected to the control chip and the secondary rectifier filter circuit;

[0090] The stable DC voltage interface outputs a stable DC voltage; the control chip controls the internal integrated switching transistor to turn on or off. When the switching transistor is on, the stable DC voltage charges and stores energy in the primary winding of the switching transformer; when the switching transistor is off, the primary winding of the switching transformer is coupled to the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction; the secondary rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding to output a multi-level DC power supply; the feedback adjustment circuit adjusts the operating state of the switching transistor based on the feedback of the multi-level DC power supply to the control chip.

[0091] The secondary rectifier and filter circuit includes:

[0092] The rectifier diodes electrically connected to the switching transformer;

[0093] A first filter capacitor electrically connected to the rectifier diode;

[0094] A three-terminal voltage regulator electrically connected to the filter capacitor;

[0095] The second filter capacitor is electrically connected to the three-terminal voltage regulator;

[0096] The rectifier diode rectifies the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding into pulsed DC power; the first filter capacitor filters the pulsed DC power to output a primary DC power supply; the three-terminal regulator converts the primary DC power supply into a secondary DC power supply; and the second filter capacitor filters the secondary DC power supply for output.

[0097] The feedback adjustment circuit includes:

[0098] An optocoupler electrically connected to the primary DC power supply and the control chip;

[0099] The Zener diode is electrically connected to the optocoupler;

[0100] The Zener diode provides a reference voltage. The first-stage DC power supply is compared with the reference voltage, and the control chip is controlled to adjust the working state of the switching transistor according to the comparison result to maintain the output voltage stability of the first-stage and second-stage DC power supplies.

[0101] Specifically, the stable DC voltage interface receives a stable DC voltage output from the power input rectifier circuit. This interface is connected to the subsequent switching transformer and control chip, providing energy input to the switching power supply conversion circuit.

[0102] The switching transformer T1 is connected to a stable DC voltage interface and performs energy conversion and transfer under the control of the control chip.

[0103] The control chip U1 integrates a switching transistor. When U1 controls the internal switching transistor to turn on, a +300V stable DC voltage from the stable DC voltage interface charges the primary winding of T1. At this time, electrical energy is stored in the switching transformer in the form of magnetic energy. When the switching transistor is turned off, the magnetic energy in the primary winding of T1 is coupled to the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction, generating high-frequency alternating current in the secondary winding.

[0104] The rectifier diode D2 is connected to the secondary winding of the switching transformer T1, and rectifies the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding into pulsed DC power.

[0105] The first filter capacitor C19 is connected to the rectifier diode D2 to filter the rectified pulsed DC power. The energy storage and discharge characteristics of the capacitor smooth out voltage fluctuations, resulting in a relatively stable first-stage DC power supply (+12V).

[0106] The three-terminal regulator Q13 (LM7805) is connected to the first filter capacitor C19, converting the primary DC power supply (+12V) into the secondary DC power supply (+5V). The LM7805 is a linear regulator that can provide a stable 5V output.

[0107] The second filter capacitor C5 is connected to the three-terminal regulator Q13 to further filter the secondary DC power supply (+5V), remove possible ripple and noise, and make the output +5V voltage more stable.

[0108] The optocoupler PC817 is connected to the primary DC power supply (+12V) and the control chip U1. The function of the optocoupler is to achieve electrical isolation and at the same time feed back the output voltage change information to the control chip U1.

[0109] The Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the optocoupler PC817 to provide a reference voltage. ZD1 provides a stable reference voltage, and the optocoupler PC817 compares the primary DC power supply (+12V) with this reference voltage. Based on the comparison result, the optocoupler controls the control chip U1 to adjust the operating state of its internal switching transistors by changing the output signal. For example, when the output voltage increases, the optocoupler feedback signal causes the control chip to reduce the on-time of the switching transistors, thereby lowering the output voltage; conversely, when the output voltage decreases, the on-time of the switching transistors increases, causing the output voltage to increase, thus maintaining the stability of the output voltages of the primary DC power supply (e.g., +12V) and the secondary DC power supply (+5V).

[0110] In this embodiment, the +300V stable DC voltage output from the power input rectifier circuit enters the switching power conversion circuit through the stable DC voltage interface; the control chip U1 controls the internal switching transistor to turn on and off, enabling the switching transformer T1 to store and release energy, generating high-frequency AC current in the secondary winding; the rectifier diode D2 in the secondary rectifier filter circuit rectifies the high-frequency AC current into pulsed DC current, and the first filter capacitor C19 filters it to output a first-stage DC power supply (+12V); the three-terminal regulator Q13 converts the first-stage DC power supply into a second-stage DC power supply (+5V), and the second filter capacitor C5 further filters it; the optocoupler PC817 and the Zener diode TL431 in the feedback regulation circuit compare the first-stage DC power supply with the reference voltage, and control the control chip U1 to adjust the working state of the switching transistor according to the result to maintain a stable output voltage.

[0111] The switching power supply conversion circuit can output +12V and +5V DC power at multiple levels to meet the needs of different devices. A three-terminal regulator and two-stage filter capacitors ensure stable output voltage and low ripple, providing reliable power to the devices. An optocoupler and Zener diode form a closed-loop control system, comparing the output voltage with the reference voltage in real time. In case of voltage fluctuations, the control chip quickly adjusts the switching transistor state to maintain stable output, effectively responding to input and load changes. The optocoupler provides electrical isolation, preventing output abnormalities from affecting the control chip and reducing the risk of failure. The feedback regulation circuit provides overvoltage and undervoltage protection to a certain extent, preventing damage to the equipment from abnormal voltage. The switching power supply operating mode enables the switching transformer to efficiently convert energy with low loss and high efficiency, especially at high power output, reducing energy waste and extending the power bank's battery life. Rectifier diodes and filter capacitors also improve rectification and filtering efficiency.

[0112] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the PWM control circuit includes:

[0113] The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit is electrically connected to the first-stage DC power supply.

[0114] The PWM controller electrically connected to the operational amplifier auxiliary circuit,

[0115] The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit processes the first-stage DC power supply into a feedback signal suitable for the PWM controller to recognize; the PWM controller configures the oscillation frequency, outputs a PWM signal, drives the power drive circuit to turn on and off, and adjusts the PWM signal duty cycle according to the feedback signal.

[0116] The operation of the operational amplifier auxiliary circuit includes: voltage divider resistors R31 and R26 are connected in series and then in parallel to the first-stage DC power supply (+12V). The voltage divider of the first-stage DC power supply is input to the inverting terminal (+1.09V) of the voltage comparator LM324. The non-inverting terminal of the voltage comparator LM324 (+5.1V generated by the PWM controller) is used as the reference voltage. If the inverting terminal is less than the non-inverting terminal, the operational amplifier auxiliary circuit outputs a high level; otherwise, it outputs a low level. The comparator output is rectified by D7 to generate a DC feedback signal to the PWM controller, reflecting the fluctuation of the first-stage DC power supply (+12V).

[0117] The PWM controller KA7500 incorporates an oscillator, error amplifier, and PWM comparator. R16 and C7 determine the charge / discharge cycle. When C7 charges to 3.3V, the internal switch discharges, forming a stable 73kHz oscillation waveform. The duty cycle is adjusted via feedback.

[0118] When the primary DC power supply (+12V) increases: the inverting terminal increases after voltage division → Vfb increases → the error amplifier output of KA7500 decreases → the PWM duty cycle decreases → the on-time of the switching transistor shortens → +12V drops. When +12V decreases: Vfb decreases → the duty cycle increases → the on-time lengthens → +12V recovers. The output is a PWM signal with opposite phase (duty cycle adjustable from 0-90%).

[0119] In this embodiment, the PWM control circuit can precisely regulate the voltage. The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit accurately senses fluctuations in the primary DC power supply (+12V), compares the divided voltage with the reference voltage, and generates a feedback signal. The PWM controller KA7500 then precisely adjusts the PWM duty cycle accordingly, stabilizing the voltage within a minimal fluctuation range. Simultaneously, it responds quickly to load changes, restoring the output voltage to stability in a short time, ensuring normal equipment operation. R16 and C7, in conjunction with the KA7500's built-in oscillator, form a stable 73kHz oscillation waveform, providing a reliable foundation for the PWM signal. Furthermore, the PWM signal duty cycle is adjustable from 0-90%, adapting to different load requirements and operating conditions, reducing power consumption under light loads and providing sufficient power under heavy loads. The operational amplifier and PWM controller form a closed-loop feedback system, monitoring and adjusting the voltage in real time to prevent overvoltage and undervoltage damage to components. The D7 rectifier also prevents reverse voltage damage to the PWM controller. By adjusting the values ​​of the voltage divider resistors R31 and R26, the voltage division ratio can be changed to adapt to different input voltages. Changing the parameters of R16 and C7 can adjust the oscillation frequency to meet the frequency requirements of PWM signals in different scenarios, facilitating application and expansion in different circuit systems.

[0120] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the power drive circuit includes:

[0121] The PWM signal drive circuit is electrically connected to the PWM controller.

[0122] The power switching converter circuit is electrically connected to the stable DC voltage and PWM signal drive circuit;

[0123] The rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the power switch conversion circuit.

[0124] The PWM signal driving circuit amplifies the PWM signal in a push-pull manner to drive the power switching converter circuit. Under the drive of the PWM signal, the power switching converter circuit converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power and then steps it down. The rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the stepped-down high-frequency AC power to output a stable mobile power load.

[0125] The PWM signal driving circuit includes a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, a third transistor Q10, and a fourth transistor Q11. The first transistor Q8, the second transistor Q9, the third transistor Q10, and the fourth transistor Q11 form a push-pull structure to amplify the input PWM signal and drive the power switching conversion circuit.

[0126] The power switching converter circuit includes:

[0127] The first transformer is electrically connected to the PWM signal drive circuit;

[0128] A metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) power switch circuit electrically connected to the first transformer and a stable DC voltage;

[0129] The second transformer is electrically connected to the MOS transistor power switch circuit;

[0130] The first transformer amplifies the PWM signal; the MOSFET power switch circuit, driven by the PWM signal, converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power; and the second transformer steps down the high-frequency AC power.

[0131] The rectifier filter circuit includes:

[0132] The rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the power switch conversion circuit;

[0133] A second filter circuit electrically connected to the rectifier circuit;

[0134] A protection circuit electrically connected to the second filter circuit;

[0135] The rectifier circuit converts AC power to DC power, the second filter circuit filters the DC power to form a stable mobile power load, and the protection circuit provides overcurrent protection for the stable mobile power load and outputs the protection.

[0136] Specifically, the PWM signal driving circuit consists of a push-pull structure composed of transistors Q8, Q9, Q10, and Q11. The PWM signal output from the PWM controller is input into this push-pull structure. This transistor connection effectively amplifies the power of the PWM signal, giving it sufficient power to drive the subsequent power switching circuit. For example, when the PWM signal is high, some transistors are turned on; when it is low, other transistors are turned on. This alternating conduction achieves push-pull amplification of the signal.

[0137] The first transformer T3 is connected to the PWM signal drive circuit, and its function is to further amplify the PWM signal. The PWM signal after push-pull amplification enters the first transformer, and through the electromagnetic induction principle of the first transformer T3, the signal amplitude and other parameters are adjusted to better meet the driving requirements of the subsequent MOSFET power switching circuit.

[0138] The MOSFET power switching circuit (Q1, Q2) is connected to the first transformer and a stable DC voltage (e.g., +300V). Driven by the amplified PWM signal, the MOSFETs continuously turn on and off. When the MOSFET is on, the stable DC voltage forms a current path through the MOSFET; when the MOSFET is off, the current path is broken. This converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power.

[0139] The second transformer T4 is connected to the MOSFET power switching circuit (Q1, Q2), which steps down the high-frequency AC power. Through the design of parameters such as the turns ratio of the second transformer T4, the high-voltage high-frequency AC power is converted into a lower-voltage high-frequency AC power suitable for mobile power supply loads.

[0140] The rectifier circuit is connected to the second transformer in the power switching converter circuit and includes rectifier diodes (Q4, Q6). The unidirectional conduction characteristic of the rectifier diodes converts the stepped-down high-frequency AC power into DC power. For example, during the positive half-cycle of the high-frequency AC power, some diodes conduct; during the negative half-cycle, the other diodes conduct, thereby converting the AC power into pulsed DC power.

[0141] The second filter circuit is connected to the rectifier circuit and consists of capacitors (C1, C2) and inductor (L1). The capacitor can store and release charge, and the inductor can impede changes in current. Together, they filter the pulsed DC current into smooth DC current, providing a stable voltage for the mobile power supply load.

[0142] The protection circuit is connected to the second filter circuit and consists of an overcurrent fuse (F2), overcurrent detection resistors (R36, R53), and a field-effect transistor (Q12). When an overcurrent occurs in the power bank load, the protection circuit can act promptly to cut off the circuit, preventing damage to the load and circuit components caused by the overcurrent and ensuring stable power bank load output.

[0143] In this embodiment, the push-pull structure composed of transistors Q8-Q11 in the PWM signal driving circuit effectively amplifies the PWM signal power. By alternating conduction, the signal has sufficient power to drive subsequent circuits, improving signal transmission efficiency and ensuring stable operation of the power switching conversion circuit. The power switching conversion circuit further amplifies the PWM signal using the first transformer to meet the driving requirements of the MOSFET power switching circuit. Under signal drive, the MOSFET converts a stable DC voltage (e.g., +300V) into high-frequency AC, which is then stepped down by the second transformer to accurately output a voltage suitable for the mobile power supply load, adapting to different load requirements. The rectifier circuit uses rectifier diodes to convert the stepped-down high-frequency AC into pulsed DC. The capacitors and inductors in the second filter circuit work together to filter the pulsed DC into smooth DC, providing a stable voltage for the mobile power supply load and ensuring stable equipment operation. The overcurrent protection circuit, including the fuse (F2), overcurrent detection resistors (R36, R53), and MOSFET (Q12), can promptly cut off the circuit when an overcurrent occurs in the mobile power supply load. This prevents damage to loads and circuit components due to overcurrent, extends equipment lifespan, and improves the safety and reliability of the entire circuit.

[0144] This mobile power bank charging management system achieves efficient and stable multi-voltage output (+12V / +5V) through a four-level modular architecture (power input rectification → switching power conversion → PWM control → power drive). It features full-link protection (surge / overvoltage / overcurrent), high-precision voltage regulation (±0.5%), and wide-scenario adaptability, making it suitable for consumer electronics, industrial equipment, and outdoor energy storage.

[0145] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A mobile power bank charging management system, characterized in that, include: Power input rectifier circuit; The switching power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected to the power input rectifier circuit. A pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply conversion circuit; A power drive circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply conversion circuit and the PWM control circuit; The power input rectifier circuit receives external AC power as input and outputs a stable DC voltage as output. The switching power supply conversion circuit inputs a stable DC voltage and outputs a stable DC voltage and a multi-level DC power supply. The input to the PWM control circuit is a stable DC voltage, and the output PWM signal is sent to the power drive circuit, so that the power drive circuit controls the stable DC voltage to perform voltage conversion according to the received PWM signal and outputs a stable mobile power load.

2. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power input rectifier circuit includes: An input interface that is electrically connected to alternating current; The rectifier bridge is electrically connected to the input interface; A first filter circuit electrically connected to the rectifier bridge; The input interface is connected to AC power, which suppresses surge current and filters the AC power; the rectifier bridge converts the AC power to DC power; and the first filter circuit filters the DC power into a stable DC voltage.

3. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching power supply conversion circuit includes: A stable DC voltage interface electrically connected to the power input rectifier circuit; A switching transformer electrically connected to the stable DC voltage interface; The secondary rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the switching transformer; The control chip is electrically connected to the stable DC voltage interface and the switching transformer; A feedback adjustment circuit electrically connected to the control chip and the secondary rectifier filter circuit; The stable DC voltage interface outputs a stable DC voltage; the control chip controls the internal integrated switching transistor to turn on or off. When the switching transistor is on, the stable DC voltage charges and stores energy in the primary winding of the switching transformer; when the switching transistor is off, the primary winding of the switching transformer is coupled to the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction; the secondary rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding to output a multi-level DC power supply; the feedback adjustment circuit adjusts the operating state of the switching transistor based on the feedback of the multi-level DC power supply to the control chip.

4. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary rectifier and filter circuit includes: The rectifier diodes electrically connected to the switching transformer; A first filter capacitor electrically connected to the rectifier diode; A three-terminal voltage regulator electrically connected to the filter capacitor; The second filter capacitor is electrically connected to the three-terminal voltage regulator; The rectifier diode rectifies the high-frequency AC power output from the secondary winding into pulsed DC power; the first filter capacitor filters the pulsed DC power to output a primary DC power supply; the three-terminal regulator converts the primary DC power supply into a secondary DC power supply; and the second filter capacitor filters the secondary DC power supply for output.

5. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feedback adjustment circuit includes: An optocoupler electrically connected to the primary DC power supply and the control chip; The Zener diode is electrically connected to the optocoupler; The Zener diode provides a reference voltage. The first-stage DC power supply is compared with the reference voltage, and the control chip is controlled to adjust the working state of the switching transistor according to the comparison result to maintain the output voltage stability of the first-stage and second-stage DC power supplies.

6. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The PWM control circuit includes: The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit is electrically connected to the first-stage DC power supply. The PWM controller is electrically connected to the operational amplifier auxiliary circuit. The operational amplifier auxiliary circuit processes the first-stage DC power supply into a feedback signal suitable for the PWM controller to recognize; the PWM controller configures the oscillation frequency, outputs a PWM signal, drives the power drive circuit to turn on and off, and adjusts the PWM signal duty cycle according to the feedback signal.

7. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power drive circuit includes: The PWM signal drive circuit is electrically connected to the PWM controller. A power switching converter circuit electrically connected to the stable DC voltage and PWM signal drive circuit; The rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the power switch conversion circuit. The PWM signal driving circuit amplifies the PWM signal in a push-pull manner to drive the power switching converter circuit. Under the drive of the PWM signal, the power switching converter circuit converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power and then steps it down. The rectifier and filter circuit rectifies and filters the stepped-down high-frequency AC power to output a stable mobile power load.

8. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The PWM signal driving circuit includes a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, a third transistor Q10, and a fourth transistor Q11. The first transistor Q8, the second transistor Q9, the third transistor Q10, and the fourth transistor Q11 form a push-pull structure to amplify the input PWM signal and drive the power switching conversion circuit.

9. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power switching converter circuit includes: A first transformer electrically connected to the PWM signal drive circuit; A metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) power switch circuit electrically connected to the first transformer and a stable DC voltage; A second transformer electrically connected to the MOS transistor power switching circuit; The first transformer amplifies the PWM signal; the MOS power switch circuit, driven by the PWM signal, converts the stable DC voltage into high-frequency AC power; and the second transformer steps down the high-frequency AC power.

10. The mobile power bank charging management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rectifier filter circuit includes: The rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the power switch conversion circuit; A second filter circuit electrically connected to the rectifier circuit; A protection circuit electrically connected to the second filter circuit; The rectifier circuit converts AC power to DC power, the second filter circuit filters the DC power to form a stable mobile power load, and the protection circuit provides overcurrent protection for the stable mobile power load and outputs the protection.

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