Power supply slow starting circuit and communication equipment
By combining the main control switch, auxiliary control switch, bleeder unit, current limiting unit and energy storage unit, along with the overcurrent protection unit, the problem of high cost of power supply slow start circuit is solved, and low-cost power supply slow start and overcurrent protection are achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FIBERHOME TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, power-slow start circuits use integrated power switch chips, which increases costs.
The system employs a main control switch, an auxiliary control switch, a current bleeder, a first current limiting unit, a second current limiting unit, and an energy storage unit. It achieves slow power-up through simple discrete components and is further protected by an overcurrent protection unit.
It achieves slow power-on, reduces circuit costs, and has overcurrent protection. The circuit is simple and inexpensive.
Smart Images
Figure CN224233551U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply circuit technology, and in particular to a power supply slow start circuit and communication equipment. Background Technology
[0002] A power supply circuit refers to the circuit design of the power supply section that provides electricity to electrical equipment. Slow power-on refers to using specific mechanisms to slow down the rate of increase of the power supply's output voltage or current during startup, in order to avoid causing a sudden surge to the load equipment.
[0003] In existing technologies, power supply circuits often use integrated power switch chips to achieve slow start-up functionality. However, these integrated power switch chips are relatively expensive, which increases the overall cost of the circuit. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model provides a power supply slow start circuit and communication device to solve the technical problem in the related art that the power supply slow start function is implemented by using power switch integrated chips, which are expensive and thus increase the circuit cost.
[0005] In one aspect, a power supply slow start-up circuit is provided, comprising: a main control switch, an auxiliary control switch, a current bleedering unit, a first current limiting unit, a second current limiting unit, and an energy storage unit;
[0006] The first and second terminals of the main control switch are connected to the power supply and the load, respectively.
[0007] The discharge unit and the energy storage unit are connected in parallel and their two ends are respectively connected to the first and third ends of the main control switch;
[0008] The first and second ends of the first current limiting unit are respectively connected to the third end of the main control switch and the first end of the auxiliary control switch;
[0009] The first and second ends of the second current limiting unit are respectively connected to the power supply and the third end of the auxiliary control switch, and the second end of the auxiliary control switch is grounded.
[0010] In some embodiments, the power-slow start circuit further includes:
[0011] An overcurrent protection unit is provided, which is connected to the first and second terminals of the main control switch and also to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch. The overcurrent protection unit is used to control the auxiliary control switch to be turned on or off based on the current flowing through the main control switch.
[0012] In some embodiments, the overcurrent protection unit includes:
[0013] An operational amplifier, wherein the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the main control switch, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the main control switch;
[0014] The comparator has its non-inverting input connected to a reference voltage, its inverting input connected to the output of the operational amplifier, and its output connected to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch.
[0015] In some embodiments, the main control switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and the auxiliary control switch is a bipolar transistor.
[0016] In some embodiments, the bleeder unit is a first resistor.
[0017] In some embodiments, the first current limiting unit is a second resistor.
[0018] In some embodiments, the second current limiting unit is a third resistor.
[0019] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit is a first capacitor.
[0020] In some embodiments, the power-slow start circuit further includes:
[0021] The second capacitor has its first terminal connected to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch, and its second terminal grounded.
[0022] Secondly, a communication device is provided, including the aforementioned power-slow start circuit.
[0023] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model include:
[0024] This utility model provides a power supply slow start circuit and a communication device. The power supply slow start circuit can realize the slow start of the power supply by setting an auxiliary control switch, a current bleeder unit, a first current limiting unit, a second current limiting unit and an energy storage unit. The auxiliary control switch, current bleeder unit, first current limiting unit, second current limiting unit and energy storage unit can all be simple discrete components, without the need for an additional control circuit unit to control the switch, which is low in cost and simple in circuit. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a power supply slow start circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a power supply slow start circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 3 Another block diagram of a power supply slow start circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 4 Another circuit diagram of a power supply slow start circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0031] This utility model provides a power supply slow start circuit, which can solve the technical problem that the existing technology uses power switch integrated chips to realize the power supply slow start function, which has a high price and thus increases the circuit cost.
[0032] This utility model provides a power supply slow start circuit, including: a main control switch, an auxiliary control switch, a current bleeder unit, a first current limiting unit, a second current limiting unit, and an energy storage unit.
[0033] The first and second terminals of the main control switch are connected to the power supply and the load, respectively. The two ends of the bleeder unit and the energy storage unit are connected in parallel and then connected to the first and third terminals of the main control switch, respectively.
[0034] The first and second terminals of the first current limiting unit are respectively connected to the third terminal of the main control switch and the first terminal of the auxiliary control switch. The first and second terminals of the second current limiting unit are respectively connected to the power supply and the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch, and the second terminal of the auxiliary control switch is grounded.
[0035] See Figure 2As shown, the main control switch Q1 can be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, the auxiliary control switch Q2 is a bipolar transistor, the current-draining unit can be a first resistor R1, the first current-limiting unit can be a second resistor R2, the second current-limiting unit can be a third resistor R3, and the energy storage unit can be a first capacitor C1. Therefore, the first terminal (source) of the main control switch Q1 is connected to the power supply (positive terminal), and the second terminal (drain) of the main control switch Q1 is connected to the load. The first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, and their two ends are respectively connected to the first terminal (source) and the third terminal (gate) of the main control switch Q1.
[0036] The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the third end (gate) of the main control switch Q1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end (collector) of the auxiliary control switch Q2. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the power supply (positive terminal), and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the third end (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2. The second end (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 is grounded.
[0037] The working principle of the power supply slow start circuit of this utility model embodiment is as follows:
[0038] When power supply Vin is powered on, the third terminal (base) of auxiliary control switch Q2 is high, and the base voltage of auxiliary control switch Q2 is greater than the emitter voltage. The first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of auxiliary control switch Q2 are connected. Power supply Vin charges the first capacitor C1 through the second resistor R2. The voltage across the first capacitor C1 acts on the main control switch Q1. As the first capacitor C1 charges, the voltage difference Vgs between the third terminal (gate) and the first terminal (source) of the main control switch Q1 slowly increases, and the main control switch Q1 slowly connects the first terminal (source) and the second terminal (drain). After the main control switch Q1 is connected, as the voltage difference Vgs gradually increases, the output resistance Rds of the main control switch Q1 gradually decreases, and the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 gradually increases until the main control switch Q1 operates in the saturation region, and the current tends to stabilize. The charging time t of the first capacitor C1 is t = R2C1 × ln{(Vin-Vt) / (Vin-V0)}, where Vt is the capacitor voltage of the first capacitor C1 at any time, and V0 is the initial voltage of the first capacitor C1. The slow start-up time of the power supply can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value R2 of the second resistor R2 and the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor C1.
[0039] The power supply slow start circuit in this embodiment of the utility model can achieve slow power start by setting an auxiliary control switch, a current bleeder unit, a first current limiting unit, a second current limiting unit, and an energy storage unit. Moreover, the auxiliary control switch, the current bleeder unit, the first current limiting unit, the second current limiting unit, and the energy storage unit can all be simple discrete components, which are inexpensive and have a simple circuit.
[0040] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to invention]. Figure 3 As shown, the power supply slow start circuit further includes an overcurrent protection unit, which is connected to the first and second terminals of the main control switch and also connected to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch. The overcurrent protection unit is used to control the auxiliary control switch to be turned on or off according to the current flowing through the main control switch.
[0041] Further, see Figure 4 As shown, the overcurrent protection unit includes an operational amplifier U1 and a comparator U2. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first terminal of the main control switch Q1, and the inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second terminal of the main control switch Q1. The non-inverting input of the comparator U2 is connected to the reference voltage Vref, the inverting input of the comparator U2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1, and the output terminal of the comparator U2 is connected to the third terminal (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2.
[0042] The overcurrent protection unit works on the following principle to achieve overcurrent protection:
[0043] The main control switch Q1 has internal resistance. Under normal circumstances, the source voltage Vs of the main control switch Q1 is greater than the drain voltage Vd. At this time, the output voltage Va of the operational amplifier U1 is output. When the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 is normal, Va is less than the reference voltage Vref. The output of the comparator U2 is high, and the first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 remain conducting. When the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 increases, the difference between the source voltage Vs and the drain voltage Vd of the main control switch Q1 increases, and the output voltage Va increases. When Va is greater than the reference voltage Vref, the output of the comparator U2 is low, triggering the first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 to turn off, which in turn triggers the first terminal (source) and the second terminal (drain) of the main control switch Q1 to turn off, thereby shutting off the power output, protecting the circuit, and preventing overcurrent damage. Furthermore, when the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 decreases, if the output voltage Va becomes less than the reference voltage Vref again, the first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 will be turned on again, thereby realizing the hiccup output function. This embodiment of the invention supports overcurrent protection and delayed recovery functions. Further, by selecting a suitable comparator U1 and the reference voltage Vref, the current point value for overcurrent protection can be adjusted.
[0044] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to invention]. Figure 4 As shown, the power supply slow start circuit further includes a second capacitor C2. The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the third end (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. The second capacitor C2 serves as a voltage regulator, ensuring that the voltage output to the third end (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 is stable.
[0045] This utility model embodiment also provides a communication device, including the aforementioned power slow start circuit, which includes: a main control switch, an auxiliary control switch, a current bleedering unit, a first current limiting unit, a second current limiting unit, and an energy storage unit.
[0046] The first and second terminals of the main control switch are connected to the power supply and the load, respectively. The two ends of the bleeder unit and the energy storage unit are connected in parallel and then connected to the first and third terminals of the main control switch, respectively.
[0047] The first and second terminals of the first current limiting unit are respectively connected to the third terminal of the main control switch and the first terminal of the auxiliary control switch. The first and second terminals of the second current limiting unit are respectively connected to the power supply and the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch, and the second terminal of the auxiliary control switch is grounded.
[0048] See Figure 2 As shown, the main control switch Q1 can be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, the auxiliary control switch Q2 is a bipolar transistor, the current-draining unit can be a first resistor R1, the first current-limiting unit can be a second resistor R2, the second current-limiting unit can be a third resistor R3, and the energy storage unit can be a first capacitor C1. Therefore, the first terminal (source) of the main control switch Q1 is connected to the power supply (positive terminal), and the second terminal (drain) of the main control switch Q1 is connected to the load. The first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, and their two ends are respectively connected to the first terminal (source) and the third terminal (gate) of the main control switch Q1.
[0049] The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the third end (gate) of the main control switch Q1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end (collector) of the auxiliary control switch Q2. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the power supply (positive terminal), and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the third end (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2. The second end (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 is grounded.
[0050] The working principle of the power supply slow start circuit of this utility model embodiment is as follows:
[0051] When power supply Vin is powered on, the third terminal (base) of auxiliary control switch Q2 is high, and the base voltage of auxiliary control switch Q2 is greater than the emitter voltage. The first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of auxiliary control switch Q2 are connected. Power supply Vin charges the first capacitor C1 through the second resistor R2. The voltage across the first capacitor C1 acts on the main control switch Q1. As the first capacitor C1 charges, the voltage difference Vgs between the third terminal (gate) and the first terminal (source) of the main control switch Q1 slowly increases, and the main control switch Q1 slowly connects the first terminal (source) and the second terminal (drain). After the main control switch Q1 is connected, as the voltage difference Vgs gradually increases, the output resistance Rds of the main control switch Q1 gradually decreases, and the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 gradually increases until the main control switch Q1 operates in the saturation region, and the current tends to stabilize. The charging time t of the first capacitor C1 is t = R2C1 × ln{(Vin-Vt) / (Vin-V0)}, where Vt is the capacitor voltage of the first capacitor C1 at any time, and V0 is the initial voltage of the first capacitor C1. The slow start-up time of the power supply can be adjusted by adjusting the values of R2 and C1.
[0052] The communication device in this embodiment of the utility model can achieve slow power-on by setting an auxiliary control switch, a current-bleeding unit, a first current-limiting unit, a second current-limiting unit, and an energy storage unit. Moreover, the auxiliary control switch, the current-bleeding unit, the first current-limiting unit, the second current-limiting unit, and the energy storage unit can all be simple discrete components, which are inexpensive and have a simple circuit.
[0053] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to invention]. Figure 3 As shown, the power supply slow start circuit further includes an overcurrent protection unit, which is connected to the main control switch and the auxiliary control switch. The overcurrent protection unit is used to control the auxiliary control switch to be turned on or off according to the current flowing through the main control switch, thereby protecting the circuit.
[0054] Further, see Figure 4 As shown, the overcurrent protection unit includes an operational amplifier U1 and a comparator U2. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first terminal of the main control switch Q1, and the inverting input of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second terminal of the main control switch Q1. The non-inverting input of the comparator U2 is connected to the reference voltage Vref, the inverting input of the comparator U2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1, and the output terminal of the comparator U2 is connected to the third terminal (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2.
[0055] The overcurrent protection unit achieves overcurrent protection on the following principle:
[0056] The main control switch Q1 has internal resistance. Under normal circumstances, the source voltage Vs of the main control switch Q1 is greater than the drain voltage Vd. At this time, the output voltage Va of the operational amplifier U1 is output. When the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 is normal, Va is less than the reference voltage Vref. The output of the comparator U2 is high, and the first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 remain conducting. When the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 increases, the difference between the source voltage Vs and the drain voltage Vd of the main control switch Q1 increases, and the output voltage Va increases. When Va is greater than the reference voltage Vref, the output of the comparator U2 is low, triggering the first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 to turn off, which in turn triggers the first terminal (source) and the second terminal (drain) of the main control switch Q1 to turn off, thereby shutting off the power output, protecting the circuit, and preventing overcurrent damage. Furthermore, when the current flowing through the main control switch Q1 decreases, if the output voltage Va becomes less than the reference voltage Vref again, the first terminal (collector) and the second terminal (emitter) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 will be turned on again, thereby realizing the hiccup output function. Further, by selecting a suitable comparator U1 and the reference voltage Vref, the current point value for overcurrent protection can be adjusted.
[0057] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to invention]. Figure 4 As shown, the power supply slow start circuit further includes a second capacitor C2. The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the third end (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. The second capacitor C2 serves as a voltage regulator, ensuring that the voltage output to the third end (base) of the auxiliary control switch Q2 is stable.
[0058] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0059] It should be noted that in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0060] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present invention.
Claims
1. A power supply slow start circuit, characterized in that, include: Main control switch, auxiliary control switch, current leakage unit, first current limiting unit, second current limiting unit and energy storage unit; The first and second terminals of the main control switch are connected to the power supply and the load, respectively. The discharge unit and the energy storage unit are connected in parallel and their two ends are respectively connected to the first and third ends of the main control switch; The first and second ends of the first current limiting unit are respectively connected to the third end of the main control switch and the first end of the auxiliary control switch; The first and second ends of the second current limiting unit are respectively connected to the power supply and the third end of the auxiliary control switch, and the second end of the auxiliary control switch is grounded.
2. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An overcurrent protection unit is provided, which is connected to the first and second terminals of the main control switch and also to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch. The overcurrent protection unit is used to control the auxiliary control switch to be turned on or off based on the current flowing through the main control switch.
3. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overcurrent protection unit includes: An operational amplifier, wherein the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the main control switch, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the main control switch; The comparator has its non-inverting input connected to a reference voltage, its inverting input connected to the output of the operational amplifier, and its output connected to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch.
4. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and the auxiliary control switch is a bipolar transistor.
5. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage unit is the first resistor.
6. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first current limiting unit is the second resistor.
7. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second current limiting unit is the third resistor.
8. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage unit is the first capacitor.
9. The power supply slow start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second capacitor has its first terminal connected to the third terminal of the auxiliary control switch, and its second terminal grounded.
10. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes the power supply slow start circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.