Efficient reduction device for biogas engineering
By using tubular aeration rings, adjustable degassers, and serrated screen defoaming mechanisms in the bioreactor, the problems of bottom dead zone blockage and foam pollution in the bioreactor were solved, achieving efficient and low-consumption biogas desulfurization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO JUNHE GREEN LOW CARBON TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing bioreactors suffer from problems such as bottom dead zone blockage, high energy consumption, and foam pollution. Traditional aeration methods cannot be flexibly adjusted, resulting in low desulfurization efficiency and high environmental pollution risks.
A tubular aeration ring is used to provide uniform oxygen supply. Combined with an adjustable deaerator and a sawtooth screen defoaming mechanism, the deaeration height can be dynamically adjusted and the defoaming efficiency can be improved, avoiding dead zones at the bottom and foam overflow.
It improved desulfurization efficiency, reduced energy consumption, prevented environmental pollution, and achieved stable and efficient operation of the biogas desulfurization system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224243073U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a high-efficiency reduction device for biogas engineering, belonging to the field of biogas. Background Technology
[0002] The most crucial equipment in biological desulfurization is the bioreactor, and bottom aeration is commonly used in China for oxygen supply. However, limited by the pressure head of the aeration blower, most domestic bioreactors are generally no more than 5 meters in length. Aeration devices are typically installed at the bottom of the bioreactor. Because the bacterial concentration in the bioreactor is high, generally maintained at an SV30 of 30-40%, dead zones easily form at the bottom, leading to sedimentation. Especially with prolonged use, the bottom spray devices can become completely clogged, causing the system to shut down. Therefore, traditional bioreactor designs have significant drawbacks.
[0003] In bioreactors, when the biogas volume and hydrogen sulfide content in the biogas digester change, the aeration blower cannot be adjusted over a wide range of frequency conversions. At the same time, the bioreactor is limited by the inability to adjust the height of the degassing pipe. Therefore, on-site, an external aeration pipe is often used to directly vent the gas. In other words, the oxygen in the aeration blower is directly vented to ensure the normal operation of the blower (although the aeration blower is frequency-converted, it cannot be lower than 60% of the minimum load, as low frequency can easily burn out the motor).
[0004] The operating parameters of a bioreactor need to be strictly controlled, especially temperature. Poor temperature control can lead to reduced bacterial activity and even bacterial death, causing foaming within the bioreactor. Overflowing foam can cause on-site pollution. Biogas biological desulfurization primarily removes hydrogen sulfide from biogas (typically with a hydrogen sulfide content of 2000ppm-30000ppm). Currently, domestic and international biogas desulfurization methods mainly include: chemical methods, alkaline washing methods, biological methods, and complexed iron methods. Biological desulfurization, as a commonly used desulfurization method, has advantages such as simple operation and low operating costs. The most significant characteristic of the biological desulfurization process is that the absorption and treatment of H2S gas occur in different devices. H2S gas absorption relies on the absorption tower, while reduction is carried out in the bioreactor. In the bioreactor, H2S gas in the absorbent is oxidized to produce elemental sulfur, which is effectively recovered and utilized through a specially designed reactor structure. Simultaneously, the alkaline absorbent is regenerated, restoring its strong absorption capacity, and then enters the absorption tower through a spray system for the H2S gas absorption process. It is evident that the bioreactor is crucial for the successful operation of the entire biological desulfurization process. The drawbacks of existing bioreactors are as follows:
[0005] 1. Existing bioreactors use bottom-to-top aeration for oxygen supply, which easily creates a dead zone at the bottom. This directly results in incomplete reduction of the desulfurization liquid, and in severe cases, even blockage and shutdown. This patent innovatively proposes an aeration ring system to supply oxygen, which can solve the problem of the bottom dead zone.
[0006] 2. When biogas volume and hydrogen sulfide levels change, a standalone degassing tank cannot adjust the residence time, resulting in increased energy consumption. Therefore, this patent proposes a novel two-stage degassing device (degassing tank) to completely solve the high energy consumption problem.
[0007] To address the issue of foam formation at the top of bioreactors, an innovative sieve-type defoaming device is proposed. This effectively solves the problem of foam overflow to the greatest extent possible. Utility Model Content
[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a high-efficiency reduction device for biogas engineering. The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0009] A high-efficiency biogas reduction device includes a bioreactor body 1, with a clean water inlet at the top and a liquid outlet on one side of the bottom of the bioreactor body 1. Inside the bioreactor body 1, there is also:
[0010] Tubular aeration rings 2 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the bottom of the bioreactor body 1. Along the circumferential direction of the tubular aeration rings 2, several inclined aeration holes are provided on the wall tube of the tubular aeration rings 2.
[0011] An adjustable degasser 3 is connected to the bioreactor body 1 via a sealed guide 4 and is used to adjust the degassing height to control the oxygen content of the desulfurization liquid.
[0012] The serrated sieve plate defoaming mechanism 5 is located on the top of the bioreactor body 1 and close to the clear water inlet, and is used to break up foam.
[0013] The diameter of the aeration holes in the tubular aeration ring 2 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the downward angle of the aeration holes is 30°-60°.
[0014] The sealing guide 4 includes, from the outside to the inside, a first layer of fine wool felt, a first layer of lip seal, a guide ring, a second layer of lip seal, and a second layer of fine wool felt. The first layer of fine wool felt is located on the outermost side and is fixed in the guide groove of the bioreactor body 1 by press-fitting or embedding, providing initial sealing and buffering. The first layer of lip seal is adjacent to the inner side of the fine wool felt, with its lip facing the inside of the bioreactor body, achieving dynamic sealing through elastic deformation. The guide ring is located between the first layer of lip seal and the second layer of lip seal and is used to limit the radial displacement of the adjustable degasser. The lip direction of the second layer of lip seal is consistent with that of the first layer of lip seal. The second layer of fine wool felt is located on the innermost side and is fixed to the second layer of lip seal by press-fitting.
[0015] The sawtooth sieve plate defoaming mechanism 5 includes a sieve plate 51 and a sawtooth strip 52 disposed at the lower part of the sieve plate 51. The thickness of the sieve plate is 3-8mm. On the sawtooth strip 52, the spacing between adjacent sawtooths is 5-15mm.
[0016] The tubular aeration ring 2 is connected to the external aeration fan 8 and the gas distribution status inside the bioreactor body 1 is fed back in real time through the pressure sensor 9.
[0017] The advantages of this utility model are:
[0018] (1) Using tubular aeration rings can avoid dead zones at the bottom and solve the problem of aeration blockage.
[0019] (2) An adjustable degasser is installed. By adjusting the height of the degasser (through a sealed guide device), the oxygen content in the desulfurization liquid can be adjusted when the biogas volume and hydrogen sulfide change, thereby reducing the pressure head of the aeration blower and solving the problem of high energy consumption.
[0020] (3) The use of serrated sieve plates can avoid the foaming phenomenon of the absorbent liquid and solve the environmental pollution problem. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a central tube aeration ring.
[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A sectional view.
[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the defoaming mechanism of the serrated sieve plate.
[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as a result of the description. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions can be made to the details and form of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but all such modifications and substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0027] See Figures 1 to 5 This utility model relates to a high-efficiency biogas reduction device, comprising a bioreactor body 1, a clean water inlet 11 at the top of the bioreactor body 1, and a liquid outlet 12 on one side of the bottom. Inside the bioreactor body 1, there is also:
[0028] Tubular aeration rings 2 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the bottom of the bioreactor body 1. Along the circumferential direction of the tubular aeration rings 2, several inclined aeration holes are provided on the wall tube of the tubular aeration rings 2.
[0029] An adjustable degasser 3 is connected to the bioreactor body 1 via a sealed guide 4 and is used to adjust the degassing height to control the oxygen content of the desulfurization liquid.
[0030] The serrated sieve plate defoaming mechanism 5 is located on the top of the bioreactor body 1 and close to the clear water inlet, and is used to break up foam.
[0031] The diameter of the aeration holes in the tubular aeration ring 2 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the downward angle of the aeration holes is 30°-60°.
[0032] Based on the above structural design, the following advantages are achieved:
[0033] 1. Optimize gas-liquid distribution to improve desulfurization efficiency.
[0034] The bottom inner wall layout and angled aeration hole design of the tubular aeration ring 2:
[0035] The aeration holes are evenly distributed along the circumference and tilted downwards at an angle of 30°-60°, so that oxygen can diffuse evenly from the bottom to the top, avoiding the "dead zone" formed by traditional bottom aeration.
[0036] The oblique airflow drives the bottom sediments into turbulent motion, preventing elemental sulfur from precipitating and clogging the spray system, and ensuring the complete reduction reaction of the desulfurization liquid;
[0037] The extended gas residence time allows for more thorough gas-liquid contact, improving the efficiency of sulfurization and oxidation and reducing the energy consumption for desulfurization liquid regeneration.
[0038] 2. Dynamically adjust the oxygen content of the desulfurization solution to reduce energy consumption.
[0039] The synergistic effect of the adjustable degasser 3 and the sealing guide 4:
[0040] The height of the degasser can be adjusted in real time according to the biogas flow rate and hydrogen sulfide concentration (e.g., controlled by a hydraulic lifting mechanism) to flexibly match changes in working conditions.
[0041] By adjusting the height of the degassing tank, the dissolved oxygen content in the desulfurization liquid can be precisely controlled, thus avoiding energy waste caused by excessive aeration.
[0042] 3. Integrated design for efficient defoaming and anti-foaming
[0043] Top layout and structural optimization of the serrated screen plate defoaming mechanism 5:
[0044] The sieve plate is adjacent to the clean water inlet. During the foam rising process, it is first physically cut and broken by the sawtooth strip 52, and then intercepted a second time by the perforated sieve plate 51.
[0045] The serration spacing (5-15mm) and sieve plate thickness (3-8mm) balance mechanical strength and lightweight requirements, avoiding foam adhesion and clogging;
[0046] No chemical defoamers are needed, preventing negative impacts on the activity of microorganisms within the bioreactor and eliminating environmental pollution caused by foam overflow.
[0047] This invention achieves efficient, stable, and low-consumption operation of the biogas desulfurization system through three core structural innovations: bottom aeration optimization, dynamic degassing adjustment, and top high-efficiency defoaming. At the same time, it solves key problems such as dead zone blockage, energy waste, and foam pollution in traditional processes, combining technological advancement with engineering practicality.
[0048] The sealing guide 4 includes, from the outside to the inside, a first layer of fine wool felt, a first layer of lip seal, a guide ring, a second layer of lip seal, and a second layer of fine wool felt. The first layer of fine wool felt is located on the outermost side and is fixed in the guide groove of the bioreactor body 1 by press-fitting or embedding, providing initial sealing and buffering. The first layer of lip seal is adjacent to the inner side of the fine wool felt, with its lip facing the inside of the bioreactor body, achieving dynamic sealing through elastic deformation. The guide ring is located between the first layer of lip seal and the second layer of lip seal and is used to limit the radial displacement of the adjustable degasser. The lip direction of the second layer of lip seal is consistent with that of the first layer of lip seal. The second layer of fine wool felt is located on the innermost side and is fixed to the second layer of lip seal by press-fitting.
[0049] First and second fine wool felt: The double wool felt layers provide a static seal and compensate for minute gaps between components through elastic deformation, while also absorbing impurities.
[0050] First lip seal and second lip seal: The double-layer lip seal forms a redundant sealing structure, which can adapt to high pressure or vibration conditions and ensure no leakage during the lifting and lowering of the degasser.
[0051] Guide ring: Centered positioning, constrains the movement trajectory of the degasser, reduces frictional resistance, and extends the life of the seal.
[0052] The sawtooth sieve plate defoaming mechanism 5 includes a sieve plate 51 and a sawtooth strip 52 disposed at the lower part of the sieve plate 51. The thickness of the sieve plate is 3-8mm. On the sawtooth strip 52, the spacing between adjacent sawtooths is 5-15mm.
[0053] The structural advantages of the sawtooth sieve plate defoaming mechanism 5 are as follows:
[0054] 1. Highly efficient foam breaking to prevent spillage and pollution.
[0055] The synergistic effect of the perforated plate 51 and the serrated strip 52 can decompose large-volume foam into tiny bubbles through physical cutting and friction.
[0056] The serrated strips 52 are spaced 5-15mm apart. This design ensures that the foam is effectively cut during its ascent, preventing it from accumulating and overflowing into the bioreactor, thereby reducing the risk of environmental pollution.
[0057] 2. Balancing structural strength and lightweight design
[0058] The screen plate thickness is 3-8mm, which ensures the mechanical strength of the screen plate under high pressure or high flow conditions, preventing deformation or cracking, and also avoids the increase in weight caused by excessive thickness, making it easy to install and maintain.
[0059] 3. Adapt to complex operating conditions and reduce maintenance frequency.
[0060] The aperture of the perforated plate 51 and the spacing of the serrated strip 52 are optimized to reduce foam residue and clogging problems, and are especially suitable for changes in foam viscosity caused by fluctuations in hydrogen sulfide concentration in biogas projects.
[0061] The serrated strip 52 is set at the lower part of the screen plate, so that the foam is broken by the serrations before passing through the screen holes, further reducing the probability of screen blockage and extending the service life of the device.
[0062] 4. Balancing economy and practicality
[0063] It has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and requires no additional chemical defoamers, meeting the environmental protection requirements of biological desulfurization processes.
[0064] By using physical defoaming methods, the potential negative impact of traditional chemical defoaming on microbial activity is avoided, ensuring the efficient operation of microorganisms within the bioreactor.
[0065] This serrated screen defoaming mechanism achieves efficient foam breaking and interception through reasonable thickness, spacing and layout design, combining reliability, economy and environmental protection, and significantly improving the stability and operating efficiency of the biogas desulfurization system.
[0066] The tubular aeration ring 2 is connected to the external aeration fan 8 and the gas distribution status inside the bioreactor body 1 is fed back in real time through the pressure sensor 9.
[0067] Explanation of the optimized working principle of this utility model:
[0068] 1. Oxygen supply and gas-liquid distribution
[0069] Tubular aeration ring 2: An external aeration blower delivers oxygen to the bottom of the bioreactor through the tubular aeration ring 2.
[0070] The aeration holes gradually increase in diameter from top to bottom (2mm→5mm) and are tilted at 30°-60° to form a downward airflow, which promotes the suspension of elemental sulfur at the bottom and prevents it from being deposited and blocked.
[0071] The gas diffuses evenly from bottom to top, eliminating the "dead zone" of traditional aeration. Pressure sensors monitor the gas distribution in real time and adjust the fan load accordingly.
[0072] 2. Hydroxyl sulfide oxidation and degassing control
[0073] Biological reaction process:
[0074] In the desulfurization liquid, H2S and oxygen in the biogas are catalyzed by microorganisms to produce elemental sulfur and water, and the sulfur is recovered through the liquid outlet 12.
[0075] Adjustable degasser 3: Dynamically controls the oxygen content of the desulfurization liquid according to the biogas flow rate and H2S concentration; lowers the degassing tank under high load to prolong the gas-liquid contact time; raises the degassing tank under low load to reduce oxygen supply.
[0076] 3. Foam breaking and water purification synergy
[0077] Serrated screen plate defoaming mechanism 5: When the foam rises to the top, it is first cut by the serrated strips (5-15mm spacing), and then intercepted a second time by the screen plate (3-8mm thickness); the clean water inlet 12 injects water flow to flush the screen plate to prevent blockage and dilute the desulfurization liquid to maintain system stability.
[0078] This invention solves the problems of dead zone blockage, high energy consumption and foam pollution in traditional processes by using three core components: uniform oxygen supply through tubular aeration rings, dynamic adjustment of degassers, and physical defoaming through sieve plates. This results in efficient, stable and low-consumption operation of biogas desulfurization.
[0079] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0080] 1. The use of an aeration ring device can improve the turbulence in the bottom dead zone and prevent sedimentation.
[0081] 2. The downward-sloping vent design increases the gas-liquid contact time, which is beneficial for the reduction reaction.
[0082] 3. The evenly spaced openings of the explosion rings facilitate uniform gas distribution and gas-liquid contact.
[0083] 4. Adjustable degasser reduces energy consumption.
[0084] 5. The serrated sieve plate can prevent foaming and environmental pollution.
[0085] 6. Easy to install, use, and maintain, with low investment costs.
[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency biogas reduction device, comprising a bioreactor body (1), wherein a clean water inlet is provided at the top of the bioreactor body (1), and a liquid outlet is provided on one side of the bottom, characterized in that, Inside the bioreactor body (1), there is also: Tubular aeration rings (2) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the bottom of the bioreactor body (1). Along the circumferential direction of the tubular aeration rings (2), several inclined aeration holes are provided on the wall tube of the tubular aeration rings (2). An adjustable degasser (3) is connected to the bioreactor body (1) via a sealed guide (4) and is used to adjust the degassing height to control the oxygen content of the desulfurization liquid. The serrated sieve plate defoaming mechanism (5) is located on the top of the bioreactor body (1) and close to the clear water inlet, and is used to break up foam.
2. The high-efficiency biogas reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the aeration holes in the tubular aeration ring (2) gradually increases from top to bottom, and the downward angle of the aeration holes is 30°-60°.
3. The high-efficiency biogas reduction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sealing guide (4) includes a first layer of fine wool felt, a first layer of lip seal, a guide ring, a second layer of lip seal, and a second layer of fine wool felt arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The first layer of fine wool felt is located on the outermost side and is fixed in the guide groove of the bioreactor body (1) by press-fitting or embedding to provide initial sealing and buffering. The first layer of lip seal is close to the inner side of the fine wool felt, with the lip facing the inside of the bioreactor body, and achieves dynamic sealing through elastic deformation. The guide ring is located between the first layer of lip seal and the second layer of lip seal and is used to limit the radial displacement of the adjustable degasser. The lip direction of the second layer of lip seal is consistent with that of the first layer of lip seal. The second layer of fine wool felt is located on the innermost side and is fixed on the second layer of lip seal by press-fitting.
4. The high-efficiency biogas reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sawtooth sieve plate defoaming mechanism (5) includes a sieve plate (51) and a sawtooth strip (52) disposed at the lower part of the sieve plate (51). The thickness of the sieve plate is 3-8mm. On the sawtooth strip (52), the distance between adjacent sawtooths is 5-15mm.
5. The high-efficiency biogas reduction device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tubular aeration ring (2) is connected to the external aeration blower (8) and the gas distribution status inside the bioreactor body (1) is fed back in real time through the pressure sensor (9).