Multi-layer sediment sampling device for water and soil conservation measurement

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-layer sediment sampling device for water and soil conservation measurement, relates to the technical field of multi-layer sediment sampling, and aims to solve the problem that when sediment in a riverbed and a mud beach is sampled in a sampling area with higher humidity, if a conventional sediment sampling device is adopted, the sediment in the riverbed and the mud beach cannot be sampled due to higher soil flowability. The cylindrical sediment sampling device comprises an outer pipe, a rotating shaft I, a sediment sampling device, a connecting pipe and a driving mechanism, the outer pipe is of a semi-cylinder structure, a plurality of rotating cavities are formed in the outer pipe, the rotating cavities are semi-cylindrical cavities, a rotating shaft I is rotationally connected into the outer pipe, the rotating shaft I and the outer pipe are concentrically arranged, a semi-cylindrical sand taking device is rotationally connected into each rotating cavity, and a semi-cylindrical sand taking cavity with an opening in the end face is formed in each sand taking device. And the plurality of sediment sampling devices are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft I. The multi-layer sediment sampling device is used for multi-layer sediment sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of multi-level sediment sampling technology, and in particular to a multi-level sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement. Background Technology

[0002] Soil and water conservation refers to comprehensive management activities that prevent or reduce soil erosion, maintain and improve land productivity, and protect the ecological environment through scientific, technological, and engineering measures. Its core objective is to reduce soil erosion caused by natural forces such as rainwater and wind, prevent land degradation, ensure sustainable agricultural development, and simultaneously maintain water conservation and ecological balance. Soil and water conservation measurement is a series of measurement tasks conducted to prevent soil erosion, rationally utilize, and protect soil and water resources. It can be mainly divided into topographic and geomorphological measurements, soil characteristic measurements, vegetation surveys, soil erosion measurements, and soil and water conservation facility measurements. Soil characteristic measurements involve determining the soil type, texture, structure, porosity, water content, and nutrient content to understand the soil's resistance to erosion and fertility status, providing a basis for measures such as vegetation restoration. For example, suitable plant species are selected, and soil samples are typically taken using sediment sampling devices.

[0003] Existing sediment sampling devices are commonly used sampling equipment in soil and water conservation surveying projects. Commonly used sediment sampling devices are cylindrical in shape. During sampling, the cylindrical sediment sampling device is inserted into the soil to be sampled, and then lifted upwards. The sediment is brought out from the soil to be sampled through the cylinder, thus completing the soil sampling.

[0004] However, in sampling areas with high humidity, such as riverbeds and mudflats, conventional sediment sampling devices may fail to capture the sediment due to its high fluidity. In such cases, sampling at different depths requires digging to that depth first. However, near water sources, water seeps out immediately after digging, causing a sudden increase in humidity at the sampling location and leading to errors in the humidity readings. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to address the problem that conventional sediment sampling devices cannot capture sediment in high-humidity sampling areas, such as riverbeds and mudflats, due to the high fluidity of the soil, the present invention provides a multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is:

[0007] A multi-level sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement includes an outer tube, a rotating shaft I, a sand sampling device, a connecting pipe, and a drive mechanism;

[0008] The outer tube has a semi-cylindrical structure with multiple rotating chambers. Each rotating chamber is a semi-cylindrical cavity. A rotating shaft I is rotatably connected to the outer tube. The rotating shaft I is concentric with the outer tube. A semi-cylindrical sand-collecting device is rotatably connected to each rotating chamber. The sand-collecting device has a semi-cylindrical sand-collecting cavity with an open end face. All sand-collecting devices are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft I. A connecting pipe is provided at the upper end of the outer tube. The rotating shaft I passes through the connecting pipe. A drive mechanism for driving the rotating shaft I to rotate is provided at the upper end of the connecting pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a baffle is fixed to the side end face of the outer tube, and a sand removal pusher is slidably connected inside each sand removal chamber, with multiple sand removal pushers fixedly connected to the baffle.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a drive box, a rotating shaft II, a bevel gear I, a bevel gear II, and a handle;

[0011] The drive box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe. The side wall of the drive box is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft II. The rotating shaft I passes through the drive box. The rotating shaft I located inside the drive box is fixedly connected to the bevel gear I. The rotating shaft II located inside the drive box is fixedly connected to the bevel gear II. The bevel gear I and the bevel gear II mesh. The end of the rotating shaft II located outside the drive box is fixedly connected to the handle.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving box, which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe. The rotating shaft I passes through the driving box, and a motor is installed inside the driving box. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft I.

[0013] Furthermore, a handrail is provided at the top center of the drive box.

[0014] Furthermore, two step beams are provided at the upper end of the outer tube sidewall.

[0015] Furthermore, a fixing cone is provided at the lower end of each footrest crossbeam.

[0016] Furthermore, the multiple rotating chambers in the outer tube are arranged at equal intervals.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower end of the outer tube is provided with a pointed cone.

[0018] Furthermore, a rotating support and a rotating shaft end post are respectively provided at the center of the upper and lower ends of the outer tube. The rotating support is fixedly connected to the connecting tube, and both the rotating support and the rotating shaft end post are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft I.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. A multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation surveying, comprising an outer tube, a rotating shaft I, and multiple sand sampling devices, enabling stratified sampling of sediment at different depths. Multiple semi-cylindrical hollow sand sampling devices are rotatably connected to semi-cylindrical outer tubes at different depths. After the outer tube is inserted into the soil, rotating the rotating shaft I causes the multiple sand sampling devices to rotate out of the outer tube, collecting sediment at different depths into the sampling chambers within the sand sampling devices. The outer tube is then lifted, achieving multi-layer sediment sampling.

[0021] 2. Equipped with baffles and sand-removing pushers, these devices quickly eject sand from the sand-collecting unit. The sand-removing pushers are fixed components. As the sand-collecting unit rotates, the sand-removing pushers rotate relative to it inside. During the insertion of the outer tube into the soil, the baffles and sand-removing pushers seal the sand-collecting chamber, preventing sand from entering. After soil sampling is completed, the sand-collecting unit is rotated in the opposite direction until it returns to the outer tube. The sand-removing pushers then remove the sand from the sand-collecting unit, completing rapid sampling of sand from multiple layers. This facilitates subsequent sand sampling and improves work efficiency.

[0022] 3. The outer pipe is equipped with a stepping beam and a fixed cone on both sides. The stepping beam is used to apply the downward thrust for inserting into the soil by stepping on it. The fixed cone plays a circumferential rotation limit role after being inserted into the soil, preventing the outer pipe from rotating when the sand-taking device rotates to take sand.

[0023] 4. Equipped with bevel gear I and bevel gear II transmission mechanisms, the bevel gears position the handle to the side of the drive mechanism, allowing one hand to hold the handle while the other rotates the handle to drive shaft I. The gear ratio of bevel gear I to bevel gear II is 2.5:1, which is used to increase the rotational torque of shaft I, facilitating the rotational sampling of dry soil. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure I ;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration detection device. Figure II ;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-collecting device of this utility model in a semi-closed state;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-collecting device of this utility model in its fully closed state;

[0028] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-collecting device and rotating shaft I in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer tube in this utility model.

[0033] In the diagram: 101, outer tube; 102, rotating chamber; 103, rotating shaft I; 104, sand-collecting device; 105, sand-collecting chamber; 106, connecting pipe; 107, stepping crossbeam; 108, fixed cone; 109, pointed cone; 110, rotating support; 111, rotating shaft end column; 201, baffle; 202, sand-removing push block; 301, drive box; 302, rotating shaft II; 303, bevel gear I; 304, bevel gear II; 305, handle; 306, handrail. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Specific implementation method one: See Figure 1-7 As shown in Figure 9, a multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement is provided in this embodiment, which includes an outer pipe 101, a rotating shaft I 103, a sand sampling device 104, a connecting pipe 106, and a driving mechanism.

[0035] The outer tube 101 has a semi-cylindrical structure and multiple rotating chambers 102 are provided on the outer tube 101. Each rotating chamber 102 is a semi-cylindrical cavity. A rotating shaft I 103 is rotatably connected to the outer tube 101. The rotating shaft I 103 is concentrically arranged with the outer tube 101. A semi-cylindrical sand-collecting device 104 is rotatably connected to each rotating chamber 102. The sand-collecting device 104 has a semi-cylindrical sand-collecting cavity 105 with an open end face. Multiple sand-collecting devices 104 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft I 103. A connecting pipe 106 is provided at the upper end of the outer tube 101. The rotating shaft I 103 passes through the connecting pipe 106. A drive mechanism for driving the rotating shaft I 103 to rotate is provided at the upper end of the connecting pipe 106.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer tube 101 has a semi-cylindrical structure, and a cylindrical rotating groove is provided at the axis of the outer tube 101. The rotating shaft I 103 is rotatably connected in the rotating groove. The rotating chamber 102 is opened on the side end face of the outer tube 101. The rotating chambers 102 are equidistantly arranged. In this embodiment, four rotating chambers 102 are used as an example. Sand and gravel samples of different depths are collected by sand sampling devices 104 at different depths on the outer tube 101. The shape of the sand sampling device 104 is the same as that of its outer wall, and the sand sampling device 104 provides rotation space for the sand sampling device 104. The sand sampling chamber 105 is the chamber for containing sand and gravel in the sand and gravel sampling process. The rotating shaft I 103 drives the four sand sampling devices 104 to rotate synchronously to complete the sand sampling operation.

[0037] In use, after inserting the outer tube 101 into the soil, rotating the shaft I 103 drives multiple sand-collecting devices 104 to rotate. As the multiple sand-collecting devices 104 rotate out of the outer tube 101, sand at different depths is collected into the sand-collecting chambers 105 within the sand-collecting devices 104. Finally, the outer tube 101 is lifted, achieving multi-layer sand sampling. Because the sand-collecting device 104 has a sealed structure with its lower end closed after being fully rotated out, it can collect samples of soil with high moisture content and bring them out of the ground separately. Furthermore, each sand-collecting device 104 is an individual sealed structure, which avoids the situation in traditional sampling where water seeps out immediately after the soil is dug up, causing errors in the moisture content of the sample. It also avoids the possibility of water seepage caused by the high fluidity of the sand inside the cylindrical tube after sampling, which could lead to errors in the moisture content of the sample.

[0038] Specific Implementation Method Two: See Figure 1 and 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a baffle 201 is fixed on the side end face of the outer tube 101, and a sand removal pusher 202 is slidably connected inside each sand removal cavity 105. Multiple sand removal pushers 202 are fixedly connected to the baffle 201.

[0039] Furthermore, the sand-removing pusher 202 is used to quickly push out the mud and sand in the sand-collecting device 104. The baffle 201 is a rectangular plate structure, fixed to the left end face of the outer tube 101, and serves to block sand from the left end face of the outer tube 101. The sand-removing pusher 202 is a semi-cylindrical structure, and the outer surface of the sand-removing pusher 202 has the same shape as the inner wall of the sand-collecting cavity 105. The sand-removing pusher 202 passes through the sand-collecting cavity 105 inside the sand-collecting device 104 and protrudes from the right opening of the sand-collecting cavity 105, serving to block sand from the right end face of the outer tube 101. The sand-removing pusher 202 is a fixed component, fixed together with the outer tube 101 by the baffle 201.

[0040] During use, as the sand-collecting device 104 rotates, the sand-removing pusher 202 rotates relative to it inside the sand-collecting device 104. During the insertion of the outer tube 101 into the soil, the baffle 201 and the sand-removing pusher 202 seal the sand-collecting chamber 105, preventing sand from entering. After soil sampling is completed, the sand-collecting device 104 is rotated in the opposite direction until it returns to the outer tube 101. The sand-removing pusher 202 then removes and collects the sand from the sand-collecting device 104, completing rapid sampling of sand at multiple levels, facilitating subsequent sand sampling, and improving work efficiency.

[0041] Specific implementation method three: See Figure 8 As shown, the driving mechanism of this embodiment includes a drive box 301, a rotating shaft II 302, a bevel gear I 303, a bevel gear II 304, and a handle 305;

[0042] The drive box 301 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe 106. The side wall of the drive box 301 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft II 302. The rotating shaft I 103 passes through the drive box 301. The rotating shaft I 103 located inside the drive box 301 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear I 303. The rotating shaft II 302 located inside the drive box 301 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear II 304. The bevel gear I 303 and the bevel gear II 304 mesh. The end of the rotating shaft II 302 located outside the drive box 301 is fixedly connected to the handle 305.

[0043] Furthermore, the connecting pipe 106 serves as an extension, facilitating user operation of the drive box 301. A shaft hole is provided at the lower end of the drive box 301, through which the rotating shaft I 103 is rotatably connected. A shaft hole is also provided on the side of the drive box 301, in which the rotating shaft II 302 is rotatably connected. Bevel gears I 303 and II 304 are provided as a transmission mechanism. The bevel gears position the handle 305 to the side of the drive mechanism, allowing one hand to hold the handle 306 while the other hand rotates the handle 305 to rotate the rotating shaft I 103. The gear ratio of bevel gear I 303 to bevel gear II 304 is 2.5:1, used to increase the rotational torque of the rotating shaft I 103, facilitating rotational sampling of dry soil.

[0044] Detailed Implementation Method Four: See [link] Figure 8 As shown, the driving mechanism in this embodiment includes a driving box 301, which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe 106. The rotating shaft I 103 passes through the driving box 301, and a motor is installed inside the driving box 301. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft I 103.

[0045] Furthermore, as an alternative implementation, the rotating shaft I103 is driven by a motor, saving the need for hand-cranking the rotating shaft I103 and making sediment sampling more convenient and efficient.

[0046] Specific implementation method five: See Figure 1-4 As shown, a handrail 306 is provided at the top center of the drive box 301 in this embodiment.

[0047] Furthermore, a handrail 306 is provided to facilitate lifting the sediment sampling device after sampling is completed.

[0048] Specific implementation method six: See Figure 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, two step beams 107 are provided at the upper end of the side wall of the outer tube 101.

[0049] Detailed implementation method seven: See Figure 1-4 As shown, each step beam 107 in this embodiment is provided with a fixing cone 108 at its lower end.

[0050] Furthermore, the stepping beam 107 is used to apply a downward thrust to the soil when the outer tube 101 is inserted into the soil by stepping on it. The fixing cone 108 plays a circumferential rotation limit role after being inserted into the soil, preventing the outer tube 101 from rotating when the sand-taking device 104 rotates to take sand.

[0051] Detailed Implementation Method Eight: See also Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the multiple rotating chambers 102 in the outer tube 101 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0052] Detailed Implementation Method Nine: See also Figure 1-4 As shown, the lower end of the outer tube 101 in this embodiment is provided with a pointed cone 109.

[0053] Detailed Implementation Method Ten: See [link / details] Figure 1 and 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the outer tube 101 are respectively provided with a rotating support part 110 and a rotating shaft end column 111. The rotating support part 110 is fixedly connected to the connecting tube 106, and both the rotating support part 110 and the rotating shaft end column 111 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft I 103.

[0054] Furthermore, the pointed cone 109 facilitates the reduction of resistance when the outer tube 101 is inserted into the soil. The rotating support part 110 and the rotating shaft end post 111 are integrally formed with the outer tube 101. The rotating support part 110 has a ring-shaped structure, which serves as a support for fixed connection with the connecting tube 106, and has a shaft hole in the center for the rotating shaft I 103 to rotate. The rotating shaft end post 111 has a shaft hole in the center, and the rotating shaft I 103 is rotatably connected in the shaft hole of the rotating shaft end post 111. The rotating shaft end post 111 provides axial positioning for the rotating shaft I 103.

[0055] When in use, insert the outer tube 101 into the soil until the fixed cone 108 is fully inserted into the soil. Rotate the handle 305 clockwise until the sand sampling device 104 is completely unscrewed from the outer tube 101. Pull the outer tube 101 out of the soil and rotate the handle 305 counterclockwise until the sand sampling device 104 is completely screwed back into the outer tube 101. The sand sampling is then complete.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement, characterized in that: It includes an outer pipe (101), a rotating shaft I (103), a sand-collecting device (104), a connecting pipe (106), and a drive mechanism; The outer tube (101) has a semi-cylindrical structure and multiple rotating chambers (102) are provided on the outer tube (101). The rotating chambers (102) are semi-cylindrical cavities. A rotating shaft I (103) is rotatably connected in the outer tube (101). The rotating shaft I (103) is concentrically arranged with the outer tube (101). A semi-cylindrical sand-collecting device (104) is rotatably connected in each rotating chamber (102). A semi-cylindrical sand-collecting cavity (105) with an open end face is provided in the sand-collecting device (104). Multiple sand-collecting devices (104) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft I (103). A connecting pipe (106) is provided at the upper end of the outer tube (101). The rotating shaft I (103) passes through the connecting pipe (106). A driving mechanism for driving the rotating shaft I (103) to rotate is provided at the upper end of the connecting pipe (106).

2. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (201) is fixed to the side end face of the outer tube (101), and a sand removal pusher (202) is slidably connected inside each sand removal cavity (105). Multiple sand removal pushers (202) are fixedly connected to the baffle (201).

3. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a drive box (301), a rotating shaft II (302), a bevel gear I (303), a bevel gear II (304), and a handle (305); The drive box (301) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe (106). The side wall of the drive box (301) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft II (302). The rotating shaft I (103) passes through the drive box (301). The rotating shaft I (103) located inside the drive box (301) is fixedly connected to the bevel gear I (303). The rotating shaft II (302) located inside the drive box (301) is fixedly connected to the bevel gear II (304). The bevel gear I (303) and the bevel gear II (304) mesh. The end of the rotating shaft II (302) located outside the drive box (301) is fixedly connected to the handle (305).

4. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving box (301), which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting pipe (106). The rotating shaft I (103) passes through the driving box (301), and a motor is installed inside the driving box (301). The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft I (103).

5. The multi-level sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that: A handrail (306) is provided at the top center of the drive box (301).

6. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two step beams (107) are provided at the upper end of the side wall of the outer tube (101).

7. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each step beam (107) has a fixed cone (108) at its lower end.

8. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple rotating chambers (102) in the outer tube (101) are equidistantly arranged.

9. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer tube (101) is provided with a pointed cone (109).

10. The multi-layer sediment sampling device for soil and water conservation measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tube (101) has a rotating support part (110) and a rotating shaft end column (111) respectively provided at the center of the upper and lower ends. The rotating support part (110) is fixedly connected to the connecting tube (106), and both the rotating support part (110) and the rotating shaft end column (111) are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft I (103).

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