Operating mechanism of switch and switch device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an operating mechanism of a switch and switch equipment. The operating mechanism comprises a shell, an operating wheel, a rotating shaft assembly, a transmission assembly and a spring assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a sliding block which is in transmission connection with the operation wheel and arranged in a sliding mode, and racks arranged at the bottom of the sliding block side by side. The rack extends in the sliding direction of the sliding block. The rotating shaft assembly comprises lever pieces which rotate synchronously in parallel and transmission teeth arranged on the outer edges of the lever pieces. The transmission teeth are meshed with the rack; limiting plates are arranged on the opposite side faces of the racks on the two sides or the opposite side faces of the transmission teeth on the two sides respectively, and the limiting plates on the two sides extend to or pass through the meshing positions of the transmission teeth on the corresponding sides and the racks respectively. Compared with the prior art, the limiting plate is arranged on the transmission tooth and the rack in a meshed mode so as to resist axial deviation of the transmission tooth and the rack in the rotating meshing process, movement deflection of the sliding block is reduced, and the problem that transmission fails due to meshing dislocation is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of low-voltage switchgear, and relates to a switch operating mechanism and switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] The current state of technological development in low-voltage switchgear operating mechanisms is characterized by a deep integration of intelligence, efficiency, and environmental friendliness. Currently, the integrated application of IoT and AI technologies is becoming a mainstream trend. For example, intelligent low-voltage switchgear has achieved remote monitoring, fault warning, and adaptive adjustment functions, with some products reducing their size by more than 30% through compact design. Simultaneously, spring, hydraulic, magnetic, and motor-driven mechanisms are developing in parallel. Spring mechanisms, with their simple structure, dominate the low-to-mid-range market, while hydraulic and permanent magnet mechanisms are gradually penetrating the high-voltage field through high-precision control. Furthermore, the accelerated application of low-energy materials (such as environmentally friendly hydraulic oil) and recyclable components is driving the industry towards energy conservation and emission reduction. However, the core function of existing operating mechanisms still focuses on the connection and disconnection of the drive contact system, and its reliability directly determines the overall performance of the switchgear. A significant proportion of low-voltage switchgear failures stem from mechanical defects in the operating mechanism. These include spring fatigue leading to incomplete opening and closing, hydraulic seal failure causing oil leaks, or demagnetization of permanent magnets at high temperatures causing malfunctions. Complex mechanical structures (such as spring mechanisms containing over 180 parts) further exacerbate wear and jamming risks, while balancing dynamic response speed with service life remains a technical challenge. Therefore, improving the reliability of the operating mechanism is a key challenge in overcoming the safety bottlenecks of switchgear.

[0003] Existing technology CN222562469U discloses an operating mechanism for controlling the closing and opening of switch contacts, including a housing, couplings on both sides of the housing, a rotating shaft assembly for drivingly connecting the couplings on both sides, a spring assembly between the rotating shaft assembly and the housing, and an electric operating device; one coupling is drivingly connected to the electric operating device; one end of the spring assembly abuts against the rotating shaft assembly, and the other end is rotatably connected to the housing; the rotating shaft assembly includes a linkage shaft and a lever plate coaxially rotatably connected, a first support shaft eccentrically mounted on the lever plate, and drive plates on both sides of the linkage shaft and drivingly connected to the couplings; both ends of the first support shaft extend beyond the lever plate; the outer edge of the drive plate has a free stroke groove, and the extended end is rotatably mounted in the free stroke groove. This technical solution allows the electric operating device to be installed on the side to drive the operating mechanism, or contact modules can be installed on both sides, i.e., installed in the middle of the mechanism, enabling rapid closing and opening and reducing arc erosion of the contacts. However, because the rotation of the top operating wheel causes the slider to slide under unilateral force, the slider is prone to deflection during sliding, resulting in a reduction in the contact area between the rack at the bottom of the slider and the gear transmission surface on the lever. At this time, the transmitted force is not perpendicular to the transmission surface, and the pressure is extremely high. This leads to accelerated wear during movement, and after repeated opening and closing of the circuit breaker, misalignment can easily occur, leading to transmission failure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a switch operating mechanism and switching device to solve the problem in existing switch operating mechanisms where the deflection of the slider during closing and opening causes transmission structure failure, increased gear wear, and consequently, reduced switch lifespan. This invention addresses this issue by incorporating a limiting plate at the meshing of the transmission teeth and rack to prevent axial displacement during rotational meshing. This reduces slider deflection, avoids transmission failure due to misalignment, and further prevents increased gear wear and shortened switch lifespan.

[0005] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of this utility model provides an operating mechanism for a switch, including a housing, an operating wheel, a rotating shaft assembly, a transmission assembly, and a spring assembly. The operating wheel drives the rotating shaft assembly to rotate via the transmission assembly, and the spring assembly assists the rotating shaft assembly in rotating.

[0007] The transmission assembly includes a slider that is slidably connected to and driven by the operating wheel, and a rack arranged in parallel at the bottom of the slider; the rack extends along the sliding direction of the slider.

[0008] The rotating shaft assembly includes parallel, synchronously rotating lever plates and transmission teeth located on the outer edge of the lever plates;

[0009] The transmission teeth mesh with the rack;

[0010] Limiting plates are provided on the opposite sides of the racks on both sides, or on the opposite sides of the transmission teeth on both sides, and the limiting plates on both sides extend to or through the meshing point of the corresponding transmission teeth and racks.

[0011] This invention provides a switch operating mechanism. An external force rotates the operating wheel, causing a slider to move. The meshing of the rack at the bottom of the slider with the transmission teeth on the outer edge of the lever plate then rotates the lever plate, outputting a rotational force with the assistance of a spring assembly. Specifically, this invention uses limiting plates on the opposite sides of the racks or the opposite sides of the transmission teeth as inner limiting structures at the meshing point between the transmission teeth and the rack. An extension structure from the rack through the meshing point to the transmission teeth, or from the transmission teeth through the meshing point to the rack, prevents axial misalignment of the transmission teeth and rack during rotational meshing, thus avoiding transmission failure due to misalignment.

[0012] In this utility model, the housing, rotating shaft assembly, transmission assembly, spring assembly, etc., whose specific structures are not mentioned are all existing technologies. For example, the housing, rotating shaft assembly, transmission assembly, and spring assembly in CN222562469U can be referred to, and the same functional structure in this utility model can be used to replace them.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the bottom of the operating wheel is provided with a gear; the slider is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the gear.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the lever pieces are provided with multiple support shafts and are connected by the synchronous rotation of the multiple support shafts.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the multiple support shafts are arranged in a triangular pattern. This triangular distribution provides a more stable structure with less material, thus better transmitting rotational forces.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the support shaft is provided with pins at both ends, and the lever plate is provided with corresponding insertion holes. The support shaft and the lever plate are connected by the pins and insertion holes through a plug-in engagement.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments, the limiting plate is provided with at least two mounting holes, and a limiting step is provided between the end of the support shaft and the pin. The pin passes through the mounting hole and is inserted into the insertion hole, and the limiting plate is abutted against the side wall of the lever piece by the limiting step.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the outer edge of the mounting hole is provided with a limiting countersunk platform adapted to the limiting step.

[0019] When the limiting plate is assembled to the side wall of the lever plate via the support shaft, the limiting step is embedded in the limiting sinking platform.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the limiting plate is provided with at least two mounting holes, and the rack is provided with corresponding assembly holes. The limiting plate and the rack are connected by a fixing connector passing through the mounting holes and the assembly holes. The fixing connector may be, for example, a screw, bolt, pin, or other connecting structure.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, the limiting plate has an arc-shaped side that matches the arc-shaped distribution of the transmission teeth on the outer edge of the lever plate. This ensures effective limiting at the meshing point of the transmission teeth and the rack, while minimizing the size of the limiting plate, reducing equipment costs, and facilitating lightweight production of the equipment.

[0022] In some specific embodiments, the limiting plate is fan-shaped, including an outer arc edge and an inner arc edge, which are respectively adapted to the arc-shaped distribution of the transmission teeth on the outer edge of the lever plate.

[0023] When the limiting plate is assembled on the inner side of the rack, the inner arc edge is at the meshing point between the transmission teeth and the rack; when the limiting plate is assembled on the inner side of the lever plate, the outer arc edge is at the meshing point between the transmission teeth and the rack.

[0024] A second aspect of this invention provides a switching device, including the operating mechanism described above.

[0025] This invention provides a switch operating mechanism and switch device with a limiting structure. By setting limiting plates on the opposite sides of the racks on both sides, or on the opposite sides of the transmission teeth on both sides, they serve as inner limiting structures at the meshing point of the transmission teeth and racks. Through an extension structure from the rack through the meshing point to the transmission teeth, or from the transmission teeth through the meshing point to the rack, axial displacement of the transmission teeth and racks during rotational meshing is resisted, reducing the movement deflection of the slider and avoiding the problem of transmission failure due to meshing misalignment. At the same time, the fit of the transmission part is increased, and the axial component force during movement is borne, thereby reducing the wear of the transmission part. This structure has the advantages of stability, reliability, and long service life.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1) This utility model uses a limiting plate to ensure reliable transmission contact between the transmission teeth and the rack, and prevents transmission failure caused by misalignment due to deflection force during transmission.

[0028] 2) Compared with the existing mechanism, which has a short lifespan and is unstable, the limit plate reduces the movement deflection of the slider when the mechanism is closing and opening, reduces the wear of the gears, and is more stable and has a longer service life than the existing mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view of the operating mechanism of a switch in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a left view of the operating mechanism of a switch in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a front view of the operating mechanism of a switch in Embodiment 2;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a left view of the operating mechanism of a switch in Embodiment 2;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operating wheel;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly.

[0035] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the rotating shaft assembly;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting plate.

[0037] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0038] 1. Operating wheel; 11. Gear; 2. Transmission assembly; 21. Slider; 22. Rack; 23. Assembly hole; 24. Toothed groove; 3. Rotary shaft assembly; 31. Lever plate; 32. Transmission gear; 33. Insertion hole; 4. Limiting plate; 41. Arc-shaped side; 42. Mounting hole; 5. Support shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are based on the above-described technical solution of the present invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0040] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0041] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] like Figure 1-2 The operating mechanism of the switch shown includes a housing, an operating wheel 1, a rotating shaft assembly, a transmission assembly 2, and a spring assembly. The operating wheel 1 drives the rotating shaft assembly to rotate via the transmission assembly 2, and the spring assembly assists the rotating shaft assembly in rotating.

[0044] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the operating wheel 1 is equipped with a gear 11; as Figure 6 As shown, the transmission assembly 2 includes a sliding slider 21, a toothed groove 24 disposed on the slider 21 and meshing with the gear 11, and a rack 22 arranged side by side at the bottom of the slider 21; the rack 22 extends along the sliding direction of the slider 21; as shown Figure 7 As shown, the rotating shaft assembly 3 includes a lever plate 31 that rotates synchronously in parallel, and a transmission tooth 32 located on the outer edge of the lever plate 31; the transmission tooth 32 meshes with the rack 22; the opposite sides of the racks 22 on both sides are provided with limiting plates 4, and the limiting plates 4 on both sides extend to the meshing point of the corresponding transmission tooth 32 and the rack 22.

[0045] In this embodiment, the operating wheel 1 is rotated by external force, which in turn drives the slider 21 to move by meshing the gear 11 with the toothed groove 24. Then, the rack 22 at the bottom of the slider 21 meshes with the transmission teeth 32 on the outer edge of the lever 31, which drives the lever 31 to rotate, thereby outputting a rotational force with the assistance of the spring assembly. This invention provides limiting plates 4 on the opposite sides of the racks 22 or the opposite sides of the transmission teeth 32 to serve as inner limiting structures at the meshing point of the transmission teeth 32 and the rack 22. These plates extend from the rack 22 through the meshing point to the transmission teeth 32, or from the transmission teeth 32 through the meshing point to the rack 22, to prevent axial displacement of the transmission teeth 32 and rack 22 during rotational meshing, thus avoiding misalignment and transmission failure.

[0046] In this embodiment, the housing, rotating shaft assembly 3, transmission assembly 2, spring assembly, etc., whose specific structures are not mentioned, are all existing technologies. The housing, rotating shaft assembly 3, transmission assembly, and spring assembly in CN222562469U are referenced, and the same functional structures as in this embodiment are used for replacement. For example, the housing in this embodiment adopts the housing structure in CN222562469U, and has an internal support with the same structure; the operating wheel 1 in this embodiment is the top operating wheel in CN222562469U, located on the top of the housing; the transmission assembly 2 adopts the same transmission assembly (transmission component) in CN222562469U; the rotating shaft assembly 3 is equipped with the same linkage shaft, drive plate, and first support shaft as in CN222562469U; couplings are provided on both sides of the drive plate as input or output ends; the spring assembly in this embodiment is from CN222562469U, with both ends abutting against the first support shaft and the support respectively.

[0047] In some other specific embodiments, the two side limiting plates 4 extend through the meshing points of the corresponding side transmission teeth 32 and rack 22.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, multiple support shafts 5 are provided between the lever pieces 31, and are connected by the synchronous rotation of the multiple support shafts 5.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the multiple support shafts 5 are arranged in a triangular pattern. This triangular distribution provides a more stable structure with less material, thus better transmitting rotational forces.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, the support shaft 5 is provided with pins at both ends, and the lever plate 31 is provided with corresponding insertion holes 33. The support shaft 5 and the lever plate 31 are connected by the pins and insertion holes 33 through the insertion engagement.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the limiting plate 4 is provided with at least two mounting holes 42, and a limiting step is provided between the end of the support shaft 5 and the pin. The pin passes through the mounting hole 42 and is inserted into the insertion hole 33, and the limiting plate 4 is abutted against the side wall of the lever piece 31 by the limiting step.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, the outer edge of the mounting hole 42 is provided with a limiting countersunk platform that matches the limiting step.

[0053] When the limiting plate 4 is assembled to the side wall of the lever piece 31 via the support shaft 5, the limiting step is embedded in the limiting sinking platform.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, the limiting plate 4 has an arc-shaped side 41, which is adapted to the arc-shaped distribution of the transmission teeth 32 on the outer edge of the lever plate 31. This ensures effective limiting at the meshing point of the transmission teeth 32 and the rack 22, while minimizing the size of the limiting plate 4, reducing equipment costs, and facilitating lightweight production of the equipment. More specifically, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the limiting plate 4 is fan-shaped, including an outer arc edge and an inner arc edge, and the outer arc edge and the inner arc edge are respectively adapted to the arc distribution of the transmission teeth 32 on the outer edge of the lever plate 31.

[0055] When the limiting plate 4 is assembled inside the rack 22, the inner arc edge is at the meshing point between the transmission tooth 32 and the rack 22; when the limiting plate 4 is assembled inside the lever plate 31, the outer arc edge is at the meshing point between the transmission tooth 32 and the rack 22.

[0056] In addition, this embodiment also includes a switch device having the above-described operating mechanism.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] like Figure 3-4 The operating mechanism of the switch shown is different from that of Embodiment 1 only in that: the opposite sides of the transmission teeth 32 on both sides are provided with limiting plates 4; the limiting plates 4 are provided with at least two mounting holes 42, and the rack 22 is provided with corresponding assembly holes 23. The limiting plates 4 and the rack 22 are connected by screws passing through the mounting holes 42 and the assembly holes 23.

[0059] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] like Figure 1-2 The operating mechanism of the switch shown includes an operating wheel 1, a gear 11, a transmission assembly 2, a slider 21, a rack 22, a mounting hole 23, a toothed groove 24, a rotating shaft assembly 3, a lever 31, a transmission tooth 32, a socket 33, a limiting plate 4, an arc-shaped side 41, a mounting hole 42, and a support shaft 5.

[0062] The lever plates 31 on both sides are fixedly connected to the support shaft 5 and the limiting plates 4 on both sides. The lever plates 31 on both sides are fixedly connected to the support shaft 5. The lever plates 31 on both sides have transmission teeth 32. The limiting plates 4 have arc-shaped sides 41. The limiting plates 4 on both sides are located on the inner side of the lever plates 31 on both sides. The arc-shaped sides 41 are in close contact with the transmission teeth 32. The above parts constitute the rotating shaft assembly 3.

[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, the two upper support shafts 5 are longer than the journals at both ends of the lower support shaft 5. The journals at the ends of the support shafts 5 pass through the mounting holes 42 of the limiting plate 4 and are inserted or riveted together with the insertion holes 33 of the lever pieces 31. The lever pieces 31 on both sides are also inserted or riveted together through the journals at both ends of the support shafts 5.

[0064] The rack 22 and the slider 21 are fixedly connected to form the transmission assembly 2. The slider has a toothed groove 24 on one side. The transmission assembly 2 and the rotating shaft assembly 3 are arranged in the center. The rack 22 and the transmission teeth 32 of the lever plates 31 on both sides of the rotating shaft assembly 3 are in transmission engagement. The transmission assembly 2 slides and drives the rotating shaft assembly 3 to rotate. The limiting plate 4 is fixedly set on the inner side of the lever plates 31 on both sides. The limiting plate 4 is close to the rack 22 and the transmission teeth 32, and its height is above the contact surface.

[0065] The operating wheel 1 has a gear 11, which is engaged with the toothed groove 24 of the slider 21. The rotation of the operating wheel 1 drives the transmission component 2 to slide.

[0066] Since the gear 11 at the bottom of the operating wheel 1 and the toothed groove 24 of the transmission component 2 are driven on one side, the transmission component 2 will have a deflection force when sliding, and the rack 22 will be skewed when sliding, causing the transmission gear 32 and the rack 22 to transmit force that is not perpendicular to the force-bearing surface; the limiting plate 4 bears the deflection force when the transmission component 2 slides during the transmission movement, preventing the transmission gear 32 and the rack 22 from deflecting and misaligning during transmission, reducing the wear of the transmission contact surface, and improving the service life and stability of the entire operating mechanism.

[0067] Example 4:

[0068] like Figure 3-4 The operating mechanism of the switch shown differs from that of Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0069] The lever plates 31 on both sides are fixedly connected by the support shaft 5 to form the rotating shaft assembly 3;

[0070] The journals at both ends of the support shaft 5 are inserted or riveted together through the insertion holes 33 of the lever;

[0071] The limiting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the transmission assembly 2 and is installed on the inner sides of both sides of the rack 22 and is in close contact. During transmission, the arc-shaped edge 41 of the limiting plate 4 is in close contact with the inner side of the rack 22 and the inner side of the transmission tooth 32, and its height is lower than the contact surface.

[0072] The rack 22 has mounting holes 23. The rivet is inserted or riveted together with the mounting holes 23 on the rack 22 through the mounting holes 42 on the limiting plate 4.

[0073] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0074] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be easily made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present utility model without departing from its scope should be within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An operating mechanism for a switch, comprising a housing, an operating wheel (1), a rotating shaft assembly (3), a transmission assembly (2), and a spring assembly; characterized in that, The transmission assembly (2) includes a slider (21) that is connected to and slidably disposed with the operating wheel (1), and a rack (22) disposed side by side at the bottom of the slider (21); the rack (22) extends along the sliding direction of the slider (21); The rotating shaft assembly (3) includes lever plates (31) that rotate synchronously in parallel, and transmission teeth (32) located on the outer edge of the lever plates (31); The transmission tooth (32) meshes with the rack (22); Limiting plates (4) are provided on the opposite sides of the racks (22) on both sides, or on the opposite sides of the transmission teeth (32) on both sides. The limiting plates (4) on both sides extend to or through the meshing point of the corresponding transmission teeth (32) and the racks (22).

2. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating wheel (1) is provided with a gear (11) at its bottom; the slider (21) is provided with a toothed groove (24) that meshes with the gear (11).

3. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple support shafts (5) are provided between the lever pieces (31) and are connected by rotating synchronously through the multiple support shafts (5); preferably, the multiple support shafts (5) are arranged in a triangular shape.

4. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support shaft (5) is provided with pins at both ends, and the lever plate (31) is provided with corresponding insertion holes (33). The support shaft (5) and the lever plate (31) are connected by the pins and insertion holes (33) through the insertion engagement.

5. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting plate (4) is provided with at least two mounting holes (42), and a limiting step is provided between the end of the support shaft (5) and the pin. The pin passes through the mounting hole (42) and is inserted into the insertion hole (33), and the limiting plate (4) is abutted against the side wall of the lever piece (31) by the limiting step.

6. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer edge of the mounting hole (42) is provided with a limiting countersunk platform that matches the limiting step. When the limiting plate (4) is assembled to the side wall of the lever piece (31) via the support shaft (5), the limiting step is embedded in the limiting sink.

7. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting plate (4) is provided with at least two mounting holes (42), and the rack (22) is provided with corresponding assembly holes (23). The limiting plate (4) and the rack (22) are connected by a fixing connector passing through the mounting holes (42) and the assembly holes (23).

8. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting plate (4) has an arc-shaped side (41), which is adapted to the arc-shaped distribution of the transmission teeth (32) on the outer edge of the lever plate (31).

9. The operating mechanism of the switch according to claim 8, characterized in that, The limiting plate (4) is fan-shaped, including an outer arc edge and an inner arc edge, and the outer arc edge and the inner arc edge are respectively adapted to the arc distribution of the transmission teeth (32) on the outer edge of the lever plate (31).

10. A switching device, characterized in that, Includes the operating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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