Grinding machine for machining shaft workpieces

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a shaft workpiece machining grinding machine which comprises a base, a fixing frame is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base, a three-jaw chuck achieves quick positioning and clamping of workpieces through radial synchronous movement, and a movable groove in a grinding mechanism provides a guide rail for horizontal feeding movement. Micron-sized vertical displacement adjustment of the grinding assembly is achieved through an electric push rod, a first servo motor provides high-precision rotating power for a grinding disc, workpiece clamping and rotating are automatically completed through the synergistic effect of a three-jaw chuck and a driving device, the grinding mechanism capable of being adjusted in a three-dimensional mode is matched, and the electric push rod accurately controls vertical displacement of the grinding disc; horizontal precise feeding is achieved through a lead screw nut mechanism driven by a servo motor, the composite motion mode breaks through the single-shaft machining limitation of a traditional grinding machine, the machining requirements of shaft parts with different diameters can be met, batch machining of complex contours can be achieved through programmed control, and the machining efficiency and the product consistency are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding machine technology, and in particular to a grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Shaft grinding machines are machine tools specifically designed for the precision machining of shaft parts. They achieve high-precision surface machining through the interaction between the rotating workpiece and the grinding tool. Their core components include three main parts: the workpiece rotation system, the grinding feed system, and the cooling system.

[0003] During the machining process, a large amount of frictional heat is generated in the grinding zone. If the heat is not dissipated in time, it will lead to thermal deformation and surface burns of the workpiece. To solve the heat dissipation problem, traditional grinding machines use spray coolant to cool down. The coolant is delivered to the nozzle by the pump group and covers the machining area, carrying away the grinding heat and washing away the grinding chips.

[0004] However, in actual processing, as the grinding point changes continuously with the feed motion, the fixed nozzle cannot accurately follow the grinding position, resulting in cooling lag and local overheating. At the same time, the open cooling system cannot recover coolant, causing continuous consumption of water resources. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces, which solves the problem of low cooling efficiency of traditional cooling components.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces, including a base. A fixed frame is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the base. A three-jaw chuck is rotatably mounted on the right end of the fixed frame. A driving device for driving the three-jaw chuck to rotate is fixedly mounted on the left end of the fixed frame. A grinding mechanism is movably fixedly mounted on the base. A cooling mechanism is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the base. The grinding mechanism includes a movable groove. A movable groove is formed on the upper end of the base. A movable seat is movably mounted on the upper end of the movable groove. A housing is movably mounted on the upper end of the movable seat. An electric push rod is fixedly mounted between the movable seat and the housing. A first servo motor is fixedly mounted inside the housing. The base bears the weight distribution and vibration absorption functions of the whole machine, providing a stable mounting platform for all moving parts. The fixed frame serves as the support frame for the rotating system, ensuring the coaxiality accuracy of the clamping mechanism and the drive system. The three-jaw chuck achieves rapid workpiece positioning and clamping through radial synchronous movement. The drive device provides a controllable power source for workpiece rotation, achieving the uniform or variable speed requirements of the processing process. The movable slot in the grinding mechanism provides a guide track for the horizontal feed motion. The movable seat serves as a moving carrier connecting the horizontal and vertical moving parts. The shell encapsulates the internal transmission components and protects against external dust intrusion. The electric push rod achieves micron-level vertical displacement adjustment of the grinding components. The first servo motor provides high-precision rotational power for the grinding disc.

[0007] The first servo motor has a grinding disc rotatably mounted on its right end. The right end of the grinding disc is fixed to the housing via a shaft bracket. The grinding disc removes material by contacting the workpiece through the abrasive layer.

[0008] The base has a second servo motor fixedly installed at its right end. The output shaft of the second servo motor is rotatably equipped with a lead screw. The second servo motor drives the core transmission component of the horizontal feed system, and the lead screw converts the rotational motion into linear feed motion.

[0009] The lead screw is fitted with a ball nut, which is connected to the bottom of the movable seat. The ball nut reduces transmission friction and improves positioning repeatability.

[0010] The cooling mechanism includes a circulating pump. The circulating pump is fixedly installed at the left end of the base, and a nozzle is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing. The circulating pump establishes a coolant pressure circulation system, and the nozzle forms atomized coolant to cover the processing contact area.

[0011] The base has a slot at its upper end, and a filter screen is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slot. The slot collects the used coolant and guides it back, while the filter screen separates metal particles from the coolant.

[0012] The filter screen has a liquid collection tank fixedly installed at its lower end. The liquid collection tank, the nozzle, and the circulation pump are connected by a circulation pipe. The liquid collection tank stores the purified cooling medium, and the circulation pipe connects each liquid circuit component to form a closed flow channel.

[0013] The workpiece clamping and rotation are automatically completed through the coordinated action of the three-jaw chuck and the drive device. With the three-dimensional adjustable grinding mechanism, the electric push rod precisely controls the vertical displacement of the grinding disc, and the lead screw and nut mechanism driven by the servo motor achieves horizontal precision feed. This composite motion mode breaks through the limitations of traditional single-axis machining of grinding machines. It can not only adapt to the machining needs of shaft parts of different diameters, but also realize the batch machining of complex contours through programmed control, significantly improving machining efficiency and product consistency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the grinding mechanism drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grinding disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the cooling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] 1. Base, 2. Fixing frame, 3. Three-jaw chuck, 4. Drive unit, 5. Grinding mechanism, 501. Movable seat, 502. Housing, 503. Electric push rod, 504. First servo motor, 505. Grinding disc, 506. Shaft bracket, 507. Second servo motor, 508. Lead screw, 509. Ball nut, 510. Movable groove, 6. Cooling mechanism, 601. Circulating pump, 602. Nozzle, 603. Groove, 604. Filter screen, 605. Liquid collection tank, 606. Circulation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-5 A grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces includes a base 1, a fixed frame 2 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the base 1, a three-jaw chuck 3 rotatably mounted on the right end of the fixed frame 2, and a drive device 4 for driving the three-jaw chuck 3 to rotate fixedly mounted on the left end of the fixed frame 2. A grinding mechanism 5 is movably fixedly mounted on the base 1, and a cooling mechanism 6 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the base 1. The grinding mechanism 5 includes a movable groove 510, with the movable groove 510 opened on the upper end of the base 1. A movable seat 501 is movably mounted on the upper end of the movable groove 510, and a housing 502 is movably mounted on the upper end of the movable seat 501. An electric push rod 503 is fixedly mounted between the movable seat 501 and the housing 502. A first servo motor 50 is fixedly mounted inside the housing 502. 4. The base 1 serves as the foundation for the entire machine, absorbing processing vibrations and maintaining system stability through a rigid structure. The fixed frame 2 provides an installation reference for the rotating components, ensuring coaxial accuracy of power transmission. The three-jaw chuck 3 achieves automatic centering and clamping of the workpiece through the synchronous radial movement of the three jaws. The drive device 4 uses a motor and a reduction mechanism to provide adjustable speed rotation power for the three-jaw chuck 3. The movable groove 510 serves as a linear guide rail to limit the movement trajectory of the moving parts. The movable seat 501 carries the vertical adjustment mechanism and slides horizontally along the movable groove 510. The housing 502 encapsulates the internal transmission components and also serves as a coolant guide structure. The electric push rod 503 controls the extension and retraction of the push rod through an electrical signal to achieve precise height adjustment of the grinding disc 505.

[0023] A grinding disc 505 is rotatably mounted on the right end of the first servo motor 504. The right end of the grinding disc 505 is fixed to the housing 502 via a shaft bracket 506. A second servo motor 507 is fixedly mounted on the right end of the base 1. A lead screw 508 is rotatably mounted on the output shaft of the second servo motor 507. A ball nut 509 is sleeved on the lead screw 508. The ball nut 509 is connected to the bottom of the movable seat 501. The grinding disc 505 removes material by friction between the surface abrasive particles and the workpiece. The shaft bracket 506 adopts a double bearing support structure to ensure the radial runout accuracy of the grinding disc 505 during rotation. The second servo motor 507 receives CNC signals and drives the lead screw 508 to rotate in both directions via a coupling. The lead screw 508 converts the rotational motion into the linear displacement of the ball nut 509. The ball nut 509 reduces the coefficient of friction through internal circulating balls and transmits the motion to the movable seat 501.

[0024] The cooling mechanism 6 includes a circulation pump 601. The circulation pump 601 is fixedly installed at the left end of the base 1, and a nozzle 602 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing 502. A slot 603 is opened at the upper end of the base 1, and a filter screen 604 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slot 603. A liquid collection tank 605 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the filter screen 604. The liquid collection tank 605, the nozzle 602, and the circulation pump 601 are connected by a circulation pipe 606. The circulation pump 601 generates hydraulic pressure through impeller rotation, which drives the coolant to circulate in the closed system. The nozzle 602 adopts a fan-shaped nozzle structure to atomize the coolant into a liquid curtain that evenly covers the processing area. The slot 603 is designed with an inclined guide surface to accelerate the return speed of the coolant after use. The filter screen 604 adopts a multi-layer stainless steel wire mesh to intercept metal debris of different particle sizes in stages. The liquid collection tank 605 has a built-in liquid level sensor to monitor the coolant storage in real time. The circulation pipe 606 adopts a corrosion-resistant hose to connect the various hydraulic components to form a complete circuit.

[0025] First, the shaft-type workpiece to be processed is clamped in the three-jaw chuck 3, and the drive device 4 provides rotational power. The fixed frame 2 serves as the core support structure to ensure the stable operation of the three-jaw chuck 3. The base 1 serves as the basic load-bearing platform of the entire equipment, and the movable groove 510 set on its upper part forms a motion cooperation system with the grinding mechanism 5. When the first servo motor 504 drives the grinding disc 505 to rotate, the electric push rod 503 can precisely adjust the vertical position of the housing 502, so that the grinding disc 505 can adapt to the processing requirements of workpieces with different diameters. The shaft frame 506 ensures the smooth operation of the grinding disc 505. For radial positioning accuracy, the second servo motor 507 drives the lead screw 508 to rotate, which in turn drives the ball nut 509 and the movable seat 501 to move horizontally back and forth along the movable groove 510, thereby realizing the axial feeding motion of the grinding disc 505 on the workpiece. The circulation pump 601 of the cooling mechanism 6 delivers the coolant in the collection tank 605 to the nozzle 602 through the circulation pipe 606, forming a continuous cooling liquid curtain covering the processing area. The used coolant flows back through the slot 603, and after the filter screen 604 completes the filtration of debris, it re-enters the collection tank 605 to form a closed-loop cooling system.

[0026] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, A fixing frame (2) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (1), a three-jaw chuck (3) is rotatably installed at the right end of the fixing frame (2), and a driving device (4) for driving the three-jaw chuck (3) to rotate is fixedly installed at the left end of the fixing frame (2). It also includes a polishing mechanism (5); The base (1) is movably and fixedly provided with a grinding mechanism (5), and the lower end of the base (1) is fixedly provided with a cooling mechanism (6). The grinding mechanism (5) includes a movable groove (510). The upper end of the base (1) is provided with a movable groove (510). The upper end of the movable groove (510) is movably provided with a movable seat (501). The upper end of the movable seat (501) is movably provided with a housing (502). An electric push rod (503) is fixedly provided between the movable seat (501) and the housing (502). The inside of the housing (502) is fixedly provided with a first servo motor (504).

2. The grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The right end of the first servo motor (504) is rotatably equipped with a grinding disc (505), and the right end of the grinding disc (505) is fixed to the housing (502) by a shaft bracket (506).

3. The grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second servo motor (507) is fixedly installed at the right end of the base (1), and a lead screw (508) is rotatably installed on the output shaft of the second servo motor (507).

4. A grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A ball nut (509) is fitted on the lead screw (508), and the ball nut (509) is connected to the bottom of the movable seat (501).

5. A grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism (6) includes a circulation pump (601), the circulation pump (601) is fixedly installed at the left end of the base (1), and the nozzle (602) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing (502).

6. A grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the base (1) is provided with a slot (603), and a filter screen (604) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slot (603).

7. A grinding machine for machining shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the filter screen (604) is fixedly provided with a liquid collection tank (605), and the liquid collection tank (605), the nozzle (602) and the circulation pump (601) are connected by a circulation pipe (606).

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