Track gauge-changeable bogie

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gauge-changeable bogie which comprises a frame, a main shaft, sleeves, wheels, sliding sleeves, a toothed bar, a rotating shaft, a gear, a worm gear and a worm, the main shaft is fixedly installed on the frame, the sleeves are arranged at the two ends of the main shaft in a sleeved mode and connected with the wheels, the sliding sleeves can slide along the main shaft and connected with the sleeves, and the toothed bar is fixed between the sliding sleeves. The toothed bar penetrates through a boss of the main shaft and is meshed with a gear on the rotating shaft, the gear is linked with a worm through a worm gear, and the worm can be rotated to drive the gear to drive the toothed bar to symmetrically move so as to adjust the distance between the wheels; adjusting stability is kept through a guide structure between the sliding sleeve and the main shaft, it is ensured that the adjusted wheels are symmetrically distributed relative to the center line of a frame, the track gauge can be adjusted through gear and rack rod transmission, position deviation in the running process is avoided by combining the reverse self-locking performance of a worm and a worm gear, the structure is compact, adjusting is flexible, and the track gauge adjusting device is suitable for different track gauge requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bogie technology, specifically relating to a variable gauge bogie. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of urban rail transit and inter-regional railway transportation, inconsistencies in track gauge (the distance between two rails) may exist between different regions or countries. To adapt to multi-gauge railway networks, trains must be able to switch between different track gauges. Currently, some technologies have proposed adapting to different track gauge requirements by changing bogies or adjusting wheel positions. However, these existing structures generally suffer from low adjustment efficiency, structural complexity, poor reliability, and insufficient stability.

[0003] In some existing technologies, track gauge adjustment relies heavily on external equipment or drive devices, increasing the complexity of the bogie structure and maintenance costs. Furthermore, some structures pose a risk of wheel position shift or insecure fixation after adjustment, potentially leading to a shift in the center of gravity during vehicle operation and affecting the safety and stability of the train. In addition, existing track gauge adjustment structures generally suffer from insufficient control over the consistency between the wheel and frame centerlines, making it difficult to guarantee the balance of the vehicle during track gauge adjustment. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a variable gauge bogie that can achieve stable adjustment, simple operation, and ensure that the relative positions of the wheels are symmetrical after adjustment. This improves the adaptability of the bogie to different track gauges, simplifies the operation process, and enhances the running stability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a variable gauge bogie, comprising a frame, wherein a main shaft is mounted on both ends of the inner side of the frame, a sleeve is mounted on both ends of the surface of the main shaft, a wheel is mounted on the surface of the sleeve, and a connecting disc is provided on the surface of the sleeve.

[0006] The wheel and the connecting disc are fixed together by nuts. The connecting disc is placed inside the wheel. One end of the sleeve is provided with a convex ring. Sliding sleeves are symmetrically slidably installed on the surface of the main shaft. One end of the sliding sleeve is installed on the convex ring.

[0007] A toothed rod is provided on one side of the two sliding sleeves that are close to each other, and the distance between the two wheels is controlled by the toothed rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer surface of the connecting disc is uniformly provided with fixing bolts with its axis as the center, and multiple fixing bolts pass through the wheel. Nuts are screwed into the ends of the fixing bolts. Raised strips are symmetrically provided on both sides of the main shaft surface. Grooves that match the raised strips are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. C-shaped retaining rings are symmetrically provided at the opposite ends of the two sliding sleeves.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the C-shaped retaining ring is provided with an annular groove, the convex ring is placed inside the annular groove, and the two C-shaped retaining rings are fixed together by bolts to wrap around the convex ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the spindle surface is provided with two bosses, and the rack passes through the bosses.

[0011] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided at the center of the spindle surface, and a platform is provided above the spindle surface. The platform is positioned corresponding to the mounting groove, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted between the platform and the mounting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating shaft surface is provided with a gear, the gear is placed inside the mounting groove, the gear extends beyond the two sides of the main shaft, the gear is placed between the two racks, and the gear is respectively with the two racks.

[0013] Furthermore, a worm gear is provided at the top of the rotating shaft, the worm gear is placed on the platform surface, and upright plates are symmetrically arranged on one side of the platform. A worm is horizontally rotatably installed between the two upright plates, and the worm meshes with the worm gear.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] The variable gauge bogie achieves axial adjustment by setting sliding sleeves at both ends of the main shaft, and the sleeves drive the sleeves and wheels. This effectively solves the problems of complex adjustment methods and low adjustment efficiency in existing structures. The structure uses rack, pinion, and worm gear mechanism as the transmission core, which makes the wheel spacing adjustment operation simple and has good adaptability to manual adjustment. It is particularly suitable for non-drive bogie structures.

[0016] A guide ridge and groove structure are set between the sliding sleeve and the main shaft, so that the sliding sleeve can only move axially during the adjustment process, avoiding rotational misalignment, thereby maintaining the symmetry of the wheel relative to the center line of the frame. This effectively solves the problems of wheel position displacement and vehicle center of gravity instability after adjustment in the prior art. At the same time, the rack is set inside the main shaft boss, which further improves the guidance and structural rigidity of the adjustment mechanism during operation, and enhances the synchronization and reliability of the adjustment process.

[0017] The two ends of the rack are connected to the sliding sleeves on both sides of the wheel and mesh with the gear. When the gear rotates, it can drive the wheels at both ends to move symmetrically at the same time, so as to keep the wheels always evenly distributed on both sides of the center line of the frame, avoiding the problem of uneven load caused by uneven adjustment in traditional structures. With the reverse self-locking characteristics of the worm gear mechanism, it can achieve stable fixation after adjustment, effectively avoiding wheel position changes caused by vibration during train operation.

[0018] The sleeve and wheel are fixed together by a connecting plate and a multi-point bolting structure, which provides high connection strength and accurate positioning, ensuring the overall linkage between the wheel and the sleeve during adjustment. The C-shaped retaining ring structure at the tail of the sleeve limits the movement of components through the ring groove and the convex ring on the sleeve, preventing components from detaching or misaligning during adjustment and improving structural safety. The overall structure is compact, flexible in adjustment, and highly adaptable, meeting the needs of different track gauge conversions. It is particularly suitable for the structural modification and application of bogies in multi-gauge mixed-running lines. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a frontal sectional view of the right side of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main shaft and wheel mounting of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main shaft of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the sleeve and wheel of this utility model.

[0024] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Frame; 2. Main shaft; 21. Raised bar; 22. Platform; 23. Mounting slot; 24. Boss; 25. Vertical plate; 3. Wheel; 4. Sleeve; 41. Connecting disc; 42. Fixing bolt; 43. Raised ring; 5. Sliding sleeve; 51. C-ring; 52. Ring groove; 53. Groove; 6. Rack; 7. Shaft; 71. Gear; 72. Worm gear; 8. Worm. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model.

[0026] refer to Figures 1-5As shown, a variable gauge bogie includes a frame 1, with a main shaft 2 mounted at both ends of the inner side of the frame 1. Sleeves 4 are mounted at both ends of the surface of the main shaft 2, and wheels 3 are mounted on the surface of the sleeves 4. A connecting plate 41 is provided on the surface of the sleeves 4. The frame 1 is the basic component supporting the entire bogie structure. The main shaft 2 passes through mounting holes at both ends of the frame 1 and is fixedly connected by interference fit or bolt locking to maintain structural stability. The sleeves 4 are slidably mounted along the axial direction of the main shaft 2 to adjust the distance between the wheels 3. The wheels 3 are rotatably mounted on the main shaft 2 via the sleeves 4 and maintain rotational flexibility by means of wheel bearing assemblies. The outer wall of the sleeves 4 is provided with a connecting plate 41 for connecting to the wheels 3, and the connecting plate 41 realizes the functions of force transmission and positioning. The connecting plate 41 adopts a flange-type structure and has multiple mounting holes arranged at equal angles to improve connection stability and uniform force distribution. This structure is suitable for non-drive bogies that switch between different gauges, and can achieve the purpose of gauge change through structural sliding.

[0027] The wheel 3 and the connecting disc 41 are fixed together by nuts. The connecting disc 41 is placed inside the wheel 3. One end of the sleeve 4 is provided with a convex ring 43. The sliding sleeve 5 is symmetrically slidably installed on the surface of the main shaft 2. One end of the sliding sleeve 5 is installed on the convex ring 43. The connecting disc 41 and the wheel 3 are fastened together by multiple fixing bolts 42. The fixing structure allows the wheel 3 to remain stable and not loose as the sleeve 4 moves axially as a whole. The convex ring 43 is assembled in the retaining ring mechanism inside the sliding sleeve 5 as a limiting structure, which effectively ensures that the sleeve 4 does not rotate during the adjustment process as the sliding sleeve 5 moves as a whole. The sliding sleeve 5 covers the surface of the main shaft 2 and restricts its movement to axial only through the guide structure between it and the main shaft 2, avoiding rotational misalignment during wheel adjustment. Both ends of the main shaft 2 are provided with sliding sleeves 5 and their connecting parts of the same structure, ensuring structural symmetry and synchronous wheel movement, effectively preventing the wheel from deviating from the center line of the frame 1 after adjustment.

[0028] A rack 6 is provided on one side of the two sliding sleeves 5 that are close to each other. The rack 6 controls the distance between the two wheels 3. The rack 6 is connected to the two sliding sleeves 5 and has a toothed groove for meshing with the gear 71 to realize the conversion between rotation input and sliding output. The two racks 6 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the frame 1. During the adjustment process, they drive the corresponding sliding sleeves 5 and sleeves 4 to slide axially, thereby realizing equal adjustment between the wheels 3. This design ensures that after adjustment, the two wheels 3 are always equidistantly distributed on both sides of the center line of the frame 1, improving the balance and stability of the vehicle during operation.

[0029] refer to Figures 3-5As shown, fixing bolts 42 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the connecting disc 41 with its axis as the center. Multiple fixing bolts 42 pass through the wheel 3. Nuts are screwed into the ends of the fixing bolts 42. Raised strips 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the surface of the main shaft 2. Grooves 53 that are adapted to the raised strips 21 are symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 5. C-shaped retaining rings 51 are symmetrically arranged at the opposite ends of the two sliding sleeves 5. The fixing bolts 42 are high-strength bolts, which can effectively prevent the wheel 3 from loosening or shifting under high load and high speed conditions. The raised strips 21 on the main shaft 2 and the grooves 53 of the sliding sleeve 5 cooperate to form a guide mechanism, which restricts the sliding sleeve 5 to slide linearly along the main shaft 2 and prevents it from rotating, thereby keeping the relative positions of the components unchanged during adjustment. The C-shaped retaining rings 51 are installed at the end of the sliding sleeve 5 away from the wheel and are used to axially position and limit the fixing with the raised rings 43 on the sleeve 4 to prevent the two parts from separating during adjustment and improve the overall assembly safety.

[0030] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the C-type retaining ring 51 has an annular groove 52, and the convex ring 43 is placed inside the annular groove 52. The two C-type retaining rings 51 are fixed together by bolts to wrap around the convex ring 43. The annular groove 52 and the convex ring 43 adopt a circumferential nesting structure to ensure that the rotation of the sleeve 4 will not drive the sliding sleeve 5 to rotate, while allowing the sliding sleeve 5 to drive the sleeve 4 to make axial sliding adjustment. The two C-type retaining rings 51 are symmetrically locked together by bolts to ensure that they maintain structural stability during the adjustment process. This structure solves the problem of wheel dislocation or misalignment caused by loose adjustment structure in the prior art, and improves the durability and reliability of the adjustment structure.

[0031] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the main shaft 2 has two bosses 24 on its surface, and the rack 6 passes through the bosses 24. The bosses 24 are located in the axial direction of the main shaft 2 and slide in cooperation with the rack 6. They play a supporting and guiding role for the rack 6 during the track gauge adjustment process. This structure improves the linear stability of the rack 6 during movement and avoids tilting or deviation caused by external forces, thereby ensuring the synchronization and accuracy of the two racks 6 during the meshing adjustment process.

[0032] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a mounting groove 23 is provided at the center of the surface of the spindle 2, and a platform 22 is provided above the surface of the spindle 2. The platform 22 and the mounting groove 23 are positioned correspondingly, and a rotating shaft 7 is rotatably mounted between the platform 22 and the mounting groove 23. The platform 22 provides a support base for mounting the worm gear 72 and the worm 8, and its height is consistent with the geometric center of the spindle 2 to ensure the stability of the power transmission path. The mounting groove 23 is used to accommodate the gear 71, and the groove depth matches the gear size to ensure that the gear 71 can stably mesh with the rack 6 without lateral wobbling. The rotating shaft 7 is vertically inserted between the platform 22 and the mounting groove 23, serving as the transmission core to connect the worm gear and the gear, and drives the gear 71 to rotate when it rotates.

[0033] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a gear 71 is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 7. The gear 71 is placed inside the mounting groove 23 and extends beyond the two sides of the main shaft 2. The gear 71 is positioned between the two racks 6 and is mutually related to the two racks 6. The gear 71 is a bidirectional adjustable cylindrical spur gear with the number of teeth matching the two racks 6. The synchronous reverse sliding of the racks 6 is achieved by rotation. The gear 71 spans the structure on both sides of the main shaft 2, allowing the two racks 6 to participate in the adjustment process simultaneously, effectively improving the coordination and symmetry of the track gauge adjustment.

[0034] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a worm gear 72 is installed at the top of the rotating shaft 7, and the worm gear 72 is placed on the surface of the platform 22. A vertical plate 25 is symmetrically arranged on one side of the platform 22, and a worm 8 is horizontally rotatably mounted between the two vertical plates 25. The worm 8 meshes with the worm gear 72. The worm gear 72 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 7 through a central hole and connected by a key to achieve synchronous transmission. The vertical plate 25 provides support for the worm 8, ensuring its smooth rotation. The worm 8 drives the worm gear 72 and the rotating shaft 7 by manual rotation, achieving precise manual adjustment. The worm gear structure has excellent self-locking characteristics, effectively preventing the adjustment structure from retracting due to vibration or load changes after adjustment, thus achieving a comprehensive effect of variable track gauge, precise adjustment, and structural stability.

[0035] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: the frame 1 and the main shaft 2 are fixedly connected. The sleeve 4 can slide axially along the surface of the main shaft 2. The wheel 3 and the sleeve 4 can rotate, but multiple fixing bolts 42 pass through the wheel 3 and are screwed with nuts at the ends to keep the sleeve 4 and the wheel 3 fixed. The sliding sleeve 5 can slide relative to the main shaft 2, and the cooperation of the groove 53 and the convex strip 21 ensures that the sliding sleeve 5 as a whole cannot rotate, thereby ensuring the relative position of the rack 6. The convex ring 43 is placed inside the C-shaped retaining ring 51 so that the rotation of the sleeve 4 will not affect the sliding sleeve 5, but the axial movement of the sliding sleeve 5 can drive the sleeve 4 and the wheel 3 to move. During operation and adjustment, the worm 8 is rotated to control the rotation of the worm wheel 72, which in turn controls the rotation of the gear 71 via the rotating shaft 7. The gear 71 extends beyond the surface of the main shaft 2 and meshes with the two racks 6. Therefore, when the gear 71 rotates, the two racks 6 can be controlled to move relative to each other, thereby pulling the wheels 3 on both sides closer or further apart, thus achieving the adjustment of the distance between the two wheels 3. This structure is suitable for bogies without drive, and adjustment is made by manually rotating the worm 8. The reverse self-locking of the worm 8 and the worm wheel 72 ensures the fixation after adjustment, and the center line of the two wheels 3 relative to the frame 1 is always kept consistent to prevent the center of gravity from shifting, thus making it suitable for different track gauges.

[0036] During adjustment, the boss 24 can support the rack 6 to ensure its stability during movement. The two annular grooves 52 are combined to form a complete ring and fixed with bolts to prevent installation docking with the protruding ring 43.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented using conventional methods in the field.

Claims

1. A variable-gauge bogie, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) has a main shaft (2) installed at both ends of its inner side. The main shaft (2) has a sleeve (4) installed at both ends of its surface. The sleeve (4) has a wheel (3) installed on its surface. The sleeve (4) has a connecting plate (41) installed on its surface. The wheel (3) and the connecting disc (41) are fixed together by nuts. The connecting disc (41) is placed inside the wheel (3). A convex ring (43) is provided at one end of the sleeve (4). A sliding sleeve (5) is symmetrically slidably installed on the surface of the main shaft (2). One end of the sliding sleeve (5) is installed on the convex ring (43). A rack (6) is provided on one side of the two sliding sleeves (5) that are close to each other, and the distance between the two wheels (3) is controlled by the rack (6).

2. The variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the connecting disc (41) is uniformly provided with fixing bolts (42) with its axis as the center. Multiple fixing bolts (42) pass through the wheel (3). The end of the fixing bolt (42) is screwed with a nut. The two sides of the main shaft (2) are symmetrically provided with protrusions (21). The inner wall of the sliding sleeve (5) is symmetrically provided with grooves (53) that are adapted to the protrusions (21). The two sliding sleeves (5) are symmetrically provided with C-shaped retaining rings (51) at their opposite ends.

3. A variable gauge bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the C-shaped retaining ring (51) is provided with a ring groove (52), and the convex ring (43) is placed inside the ring groove (52). The two C-shaped retaining rings (51) are fixed together by bolts to wrap the convex ring (43).

4. A variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (2) has two bosses (24) on its surface, and the rack (6) passes through the bosses (24).

5. A variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (2) has a mounting groove (23) at the center of its surface, and a platform (22) is provided above the surface of the main shaft (2). The platform (22) is positioned opposite to the mounting groove (23), and a rotating shaft (7) is rotatably mounted between the platform (22) and the mounting groove (23).

6. A variable gauge bogie according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (7) is provided with a gear (71) on its surface. The gear (71) is placed inside the mounting groove (23). The gear (71) extends beyond the two sides of the main shaft (2). The gear (71) is placed between the two racks (6), and the gear (71) is respectively with the two racks (6).

7. A variable gauge bogie according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the rotating shaft (7) is provided with a worm gear (72), which is placed on the surface of the platform (22). A vertical plate (25) is symmetrically arranged on one side of the platform (22). A worm (8) is horizontally rotatably installed between the two vertical plates (25), and the worm (8) meshes with the worm gear (72).

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