Anode carbon block preheating control system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anode carbon block preheating control system which comprises a programmable logic controller (PLC), an ignition controller, a special combustor, a frequency conversion combustion fan, a hand valve, a stop valve, a gas electromagnetic valve, an air-fuel proportional valve and a manual regulating valve, and the stop valve, the gas electromagnetic valve, the air-fuel proportional valve and the manual regulating valve are sequentially communicated with the special combustor through pipelines. The variable-frequency combustion fan and the hand valve are sequentially communicated with the special combustor through pipelines, and the variable-frequency combustion fan is connected with the air-fuel proportional valve. According to the device, the anode preheating process is stably controlled, the preheating temperature is accurately controlled, the phenomena of cracks, fractures and slag falling of the anode caused by thermal shock are reduced, the consumption of the anode is reduced, the anode reaches a working state in advance through uniform heating, and the electric energy consumed by preheating a new electrode of an electrolytic cell is reduced; and the problems of sudden temperature drop, solidification and needle vibration of the electrolyte are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of carbon block equipment control technology, and in particular to an anode carbon block preheating control system. Background Technology

[0002] Anode replacement in aluminum electrolysis is a critical operation in the smelting process of prebaked electrolytic cells. As the core component of the electrolysis process, the performance of the anode carbon block directly affects the stable operation and production efficiency of the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the anode needs to be replaced during the smelting process.

[0003] When a new anode is directly introduced into the electrolytic cell, the anode carbon block, being a brittle material, is prone to severe thermal shock during the anode replacement process due to sudden contact with the high-temperature electrolytic environment. This can lead to problems such as cracks, fractures, and slag shedding. This not only increases anode consumption but also interferes with the normal operation of the electrolytic cell and reduces current efficiency. Furthermore, the new anode needs to absorb a large amount of heat from the electrolytic cell to rise from room temperature to the electrolytic operating temperature. This causes the electrolyte in contact with the anode to cool and solidify, forming a non-conductive layer. This prolongs the time it takes for the anode to reach normal operating conditions, resulting in significant energy loss and continuous interference with the stable operation of the electrolytic cell. To address these issues, we propose an anode carbon block preheating control system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anode carbon block preheating control system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A preheating control system for anode carbon blocks includes a PLC controller, an ignition controller, a dedicated burner, a variable frequency combustion fan, a manual valve, a shut-off valve, a gas solenoid valve, a gas filter, an air-fuel ratio valve, and a manual regulating valve. The shut-off valve, the gas solenoid valve, the air-fuel ratio valve, and the manual regulating valve are sequentially connected to the dedicated burner through pipelines. The variable frequency combustion fan and the manual valve are sequentially connected to the dedicated burner through pipelines. The variable frequency combustion fan is connected to the air-fuel ratio valve.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the ignition controller via a wire, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the variable frequency combustion fan via a wire.

[0008] In a further embodiment,

[0009] The ignition controller is electrically connected to the shut-off valve via a wire, and the ignition controller has an alarm function for flameout.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the PLC controller is electrically connected to a temperature sensing element via wires, and the temperature sensing element is located inside the heating cavity.

[0011] In a further embodiment, the ignition controller is electrically connected to the dedicated burner via a wire, and the ignition controller is electrically connected to the gas solenoid valve via a wire.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the PLC controller is bidirectionally electrically connected to a touch screen via wires, and the touch screen contains a heating control screen.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] This device stabilizes and controls the anode preheating process, reducing cracks, fractures, and slag shedding caused by thermal shock by increasing the preheating temperature of the anode carbon block, thus minimizing ineffective anode consumption. Increasing the anode preheating temperature allows the hot anode to reach normal operating conditions earlier after being placed in the electrolytic cell, reducing the electrical energy consumed by the electrolytic cell in preheating new electrodes. It also avoids sudden drops in electrolyte temperature, solidification, and pin vibration problems caused by cold anodes being placed in the cell, reducing operational fluctuations caused by electrode switching and improving the stability of the electrolytic cell. By optimizing the combustion ratio and temperature regulation, it increases the anode bottom temperature, improves the current efficiency of the electrolytic cell and the alumina solubility at the feeding point, and can improve the efficiency of electrolytic aluminum production in the long term. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the anode carbon block preheating control system.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. PLC controller; 2. Ignition controller; 3. Dedicated burner; 4. Variable frequency combustion fan; 5. Manual valve; 6. Shut-off valve; 7. Gas solenoid valve; 8. Air / gas proportional valve; 9. Manual regulating valve; 10. Temperature sensing element; 11. Touch screen. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 This utility model discloses an anode carbon block preheating control system, comprising a PLC controller 1, an ignition controller 2, a dedicated burner 3, a variable frequency combustion fan 4, a manual valve 5, a shut-off valve 6, a gas solenoid valve 7, an air-fuel ratio valve 8, and a manual regulating valve 9. The shut-off valve 6, gas solenoid valve 7, air-fuel ratio valve 8, and manual regulating valve 9 are sequentially connected to the dedicated burner 3 via pipelines. The variable frequency combustion fan 4 and the manual valve 5 are sequentially connected to the dedicated burner 3 via pipelines. The variable frequency combustion fan 4 is connected to the air-fuel ratio valve 8. When natural gas is introduced, it needs to be purified. When mixing natural gas and air, the control system... The proportional valve mixes natural gas and combustion air at a 1:1 pressure ratio. This process requires coordination of the air supply method and air volume regulation method. A single anode needs to be equipped with multiple burners. Each burner in the heating chamber at the bottom of the furnace has a power of 90 kilowatts, and two burners are distributed on the side of the furnace, each with a power of 20 kilowatts. The control system can coordinate the output power of the burners, and the PLC controller 1 can be expanded with multiple interface modules to control multiple ignition controllers 2 at one time, thereby achieving the effect of one control system controlling multiple heating furnaces. The gas and air volume are evenly distributed through the air-fuel proportional valve, so that the temperature of the bottom of the anode reaches more than 700 degrees Celsius.

[0021] PLC controller 1 is electrically connected to ignition controller 2 via wires. PLC controller 1 is also electrically connected to variable frequency combustion fan 4 via wires and shut-off valve 6 via wires. Ignition controller 2 has a flameout alarm function. PLC controller 1 is electrically connected to temperature sensing element 10 via wires. Temperature sensing element 10 is located inside the heating chamber and is a thermocouple. When the control system detects a combustion abnormality (such as flameout), PLC controller 1 immediately triggers shut-off valve 6 to shut off the gas supply, improving safety redundancy. During the heating of the anode bottom, temperature sensing element 10 monitors the temperature inside each group of anode heating furnaces in real time.

[0022] Ignition controller 2 is electrically connected to dedicated burner 3 via wires. Ignition controller 2 is also electrically connected to gas solenoid valve 7 via wires. PLC controller 1 is bidirectionally electrically connected to touch screen 11 via wires. Touch screen 11 has a heating control screen. Heating power can be adjusted by the heating screen and touch screen 11 to adapt to fluctuations in heating power and avoid resource waste.

[0023] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0024] In use, the anode carbon blocks are placed in the heating chamber of the preheating furnace. The temperature sensing element 10 in the heating chamber monitors the temperature of the anode carbon blocks and the furnace chamber in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the PLC controller 1. The PLC controller 1 controls the variable frequency combustion air blower 4 to adjust the combustion air volume. The combustion air pipeline pressure is connected to the air-fuel ratio valve 8 through the pressure tap. The air-fuel ratio valve 8 mixes natural gas and combustion air at a 1:1 pressure ratio to ensure complete combustion of the gas and prevent anode oxidation. The PLC controller 1 sends a command to the ignition controller 2 to drive the dedicated burner 3 to ignite. Each group of anodes needs to be equipped with one set of [equipment / systems]. The combustion system is equipped with multiple burners. Multiple dedicated burners 3 in a single anode configuration work together to heat the anode carbon blocks. The baking temperature rise curve can be set via the touch screen 11. After the equipment is ignited, it switches to automatic control mode on the touch screen. The control system runs automatically according to the temperature rise curve. After reaching the set curve, it automatically switches to a small flow gas supply and enters the heat preservation state to ensure the anode temperature is stable. At the same time, the system has flameout alarm and gas leak detection functions. If combustion abnormality or gas leak is detected, the PLC controller 1 immediately triggers the emergency shut-off valve 6 to shut off the gas supply to ensure equipment and operation safety.

[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A preheating control system for anode carbon blocks, characterized in that: The system includes a PLC controller (1), an ignition controller (2), a dedicated burner (3), a variable frequency combustion fan (4), a manual valve (5), a shut-off valve (6), a gas solenoid valve (7), an air-fuel ratio valve (8), and a manual regulating valve (9). The shut-off valve (6), the gas solenoid valve (7), the air-fuel ratio valve (8), and the manual regulating valve (9) are connected to the dedicated burner (3) in sequence through pipelines. The variable frequency combustion fan (4) and the manual valve (5) are connected to the dedicated burner (3) in sequence through pipelines. The variable frequency combustion fan (4) is connected to the air-fuel ratio valve (8).

2. The anode carbon block preheating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (1) is electrically connected to the ignition controller (2) via wires, and the PLC controller (1) is electrically connected to the variable frequency combustion fan (4) via wires.

3. The anode carbon block preheating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (1) is electrically connected to the shut-off valve (6) via a wire, and the PLC controller (1) has a fire alarm function.

4. The anode carbon block preheating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (1) is electrically connected to a temperature measuring element (10) via wires, and the temperature measuring element (10) is located inside the heating chamber.

5. The anode carbon block preheating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition controller (2) is electrically connected to the dedicated burner (3) via a wire, and the ignition controller (2) is electrically connected to the gas solenoid valve (7) via a wire.

6. The anode carbon block preheating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (1) is bidirectionally electrically connected to a touch screen (11) via wires, and the touch screen (11) contains a heating control screen.

Images