Waterproof structure of plant concrete roof
By designing multi-stage diversion units and diversion slopes on the concrete roof of the factory building, the problem of water accumulation at the bottom of the drainage groove was solved, achieving efficient rainwater drainage and improved waterproof performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEILONGJIANG FORESTRY DESIGN INST
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
The existing factory roof drainage grooves have a relatively simple bottom structure, which slows down the efficiency of water drainage and easily leads to water accumulation in the drainage grooves, increasing the possibility of roof leaks.
The system employs a multi-stage flow diversion design, including a central flow diversion unit and side flow diversion units. Multiple flow diversion slopes are constructed through a steel reinforcement support frame and an impermeable concrete layer, allowing rainwater to flow step by step to the drainage outlet. Combined with a waterproof membrane layer, the waterproof performance is enhanced.
It improves rainwater drainage efficiency, prevents water accumulation at the bottom of drainage ditches, reduces the possibility of roof leaks, and enhances the stability and efficiency of the waterproof structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN224259745U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of roof waterproofing technology, specifically relating to a waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building. Background Technology
[0002] Roof waterproofing has always been an important research topic in building construction. In recent years, with technological breakthroughs in impermeable concrete and waterproof membranes, flowing rainwater no longer has a significant impact on roofs. However, water accumulation on roofs remains a major factor leading to leaks. Therefore, the waterproofing structure of a roof must also have a certain drainage function to reduce the possibility of roof leaks at the source. To increase the drainage and waterproofing performance of factory roofs, many factory roofs adopt a sloping design. The slope guides rainwater down, preventing water accumulation and ensuring the roof's waterproofing performance. This structure is indeed effective. To reduce the possibility of roof water accumulation, pitched roofs also have certain drawbacks. The drainage surface of a pitched roof is too large, making it difficult to install a good rainwater collection device. During heavy rain, the water flowing down from the roof will cascade down like a waterfall. On the one hand, this can easily cause a large impact on vehicles parked or temporary structures around the factory. On the other hand, it also increases the amount of water accumulation on the roads within the factory area. Due to the drawbacks of pitched roofs, many factories have adopted a combination of flat and pitched roofs to construct their roof structures. This ensures that water does not accumulate on the roof while effectively collecting the drainage, allowing rainwater flowing down from the pitched roof to be discharged in a unified manner.
[0003] The existing utility model patent with patent application number CN202120011560.2, entitled "A Waterproof Structure for Factory Buildings", discloses a waterproof structure for factory buildings. It uses the interlocking structure of a flat roof and a pitched roof to form a drainage groove around the perimeter of the waterproof structure, and drains water through the drainage outlet at the bottom of the drainage groove. Although this structure achieves the purpose of collecting rainwater flowing from the pitched roof, the bottom structure of the drainage groove is relatively simple, which slows down the efficiency of water drainage in the groove and makes it easy for water to accumulate in the drainage groove, causing the possibility of roof leakage. Therefore, a waterproof structure for concrete roofs of factory buildings needs to be developed. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model aims to solve the problem that the bottom structure of the drainage groove on the existing factory roof is relatively simple, which slows down the efficiency of water flow out of the groove and makes it easy for water to accumulate in the drainage groove, which can easily cause roof leakage. Therefore, it provides a waterproof structure for the concrete roof of the factory.
[0005] A waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building includes a central diversion unit, which is set along the length of the roof. The top of the central diversion unit is provided with a diversion surface extending from the center to the two long sides of the roof. The lower part of the central diversion unit forms a drainage ditch between itself and the brickwork on the long side of the roof. The two ends of the diversion surface in the central diversion unit are located directly above a drainage ditch. The bottom of each drainage ditch is provided with multiple side diversion units along the length of the roof. Each side diversion unit is connected to a drain outlet in the brickwork on the long side of the roof. Rainwater flows through the central diversion unit and the side diversion units in sequence and is finally discharged from the drain outlet.
[0006] Furthermore, the central diversion unit includes a steel reinforcement support frame. The bottom of the steel reinforcement support frame is embedded in the roof concrete layer. The top of the steel reinforcement support frame is fixed to a support plate. A long side baffle is fixed to the side of the steel reinforcement support frame facing the long side brick masonry of the roof. A wide side baffle is fixed to the side of the steel reinforcement support frame facing the wide side brick masonry of the roof. A top impermeable concrete layer is poured on the top of the support plate. A diversion surface extending from the center to the two long sides of the roof is processed on the top of the top impermeable concrete layer. The two ends of the top diversion surface of the top impermeable concrete layer are respectively located directly above a drainage ditch.
[0007] Furthermore, an extension plate is provided on each side of the support plate, and both extension plates are welded and fixed to the support plate. A flow velocity amplification slope is provided on each side of the top impermeable concrete layer. Each flow velocity amplification slope is located on an extension plate, and both flow velocity amplification slopes are integrally cast with the top impermeable concrete layer. The end of each flow velocity amplification slope is located directly above a drainage ditch.
[0008] Furthermore, a layer of side impermeable concrete is poured on the side of the long side baffle facing the long side brick masonry of the roof.
[0009] Furthermore, a top waterproof membrane layer is laid on top of the top impermeable concrete layer, and a side waterproof membrane layer is laid on the side of the side impermeable concrete layer facing the long side of the roof brickwork.
[0010] Furthermore, the side diversion unit includes two primary diversion ramps and one secondary diversion ramp. The secondary diversion ramp is fixed at the bottom of the drainage ditch, and each secondary diversion ramp is set in correspondence with a drainage outlet in the long side brickwork. The two primary diversion ramps are set opposite to each other on both sides of the secondary diversion ramp, and the end of the slope of each primary diversion ramp is connected to the slope of the secondary diversion ramp. The slope of the primary diversion ramp is set along the length of the roof, and the slope of the secondary diversion ramp is set along the width of the roof.
[0011] Furthermore, a waterproof membrane layer is laid on the slope surface of both the primary and secondary diversion slopes;
[0012] Furthermore, an inner waterproof membrane layer is laid on the inner side of the brick masonry on the long side of the roof and the inner side of the brick masonry on the wide side of the roof.
[0013] Furthermore, the end of each secondary diversion slope extends into the corresponding drainage outlet, and the end of each secondary diversion slope is coplanar with the outer wall of the brickwork on the long side.
[0014] Furthermore, each drain outlet is provided with a longitudinally extending drain pipe on its outer side, the top inlet of each drain pipe is located below the drain outlet, and each drain pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the long side brick masonry by multiple pipe clamps.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are:
[0016] This application provides a waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building. A multi-stage diversion mechanism is formed through a central and side diversion unit, allowing rainwater on the roof to flow progressively and eventually converge at the drainage outlet. This application abandons the circular drainage ditch design and instead adopts a two-sided drainage ditch design, ensuring that rainwater diverted by the central diversion unit flows into the side drainage ditches, guaranteeing accurate rainwater collection. Simultaneously, a primary and secondary diversion slope are set at the bottom of the drainage ditch. The two-stage diversion slope guides the rainwater collected in the drainage ditch towards the drainage outlet. This design prevents water accumulation at the bottom of the drainage ditch, ensuring the collected water remains flowing, increasing drainage efficiency while reducing the possibility of leakage. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the waterproof structure of the concrete roof of the factory building described in this application;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a side view of the waterproof structure of the concrete roof of the factory building described in this application;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-section of the waterproof structure of the concrete roof of the factory building described in this application;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof structure of the concrete roof of the factory building described in this application, oriented AA.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the waterproof structure of the concrete roof of the factory building described in this application;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a magnified view of a portion of the image at point a.
[0023] Figure 7 This is a magnified view of a portion of point b in the image;
[0024] The diagram shows: 1. Rebar support frame; 2. Support plate; 21. Extension plate; 3. Top impermeable concrete layer; 31. Flow velocity amplification slope; 4. Long side baffle; 5. Side impermeable concrete layer; 6. Primary guide slope; 7. Secondary guide slope; 8. Roof concrete layer; 9. Roof long side brickwork; 10. Drainage outlet; 11. Top waterproof membrane layer; 12. Side waterproof membrane layer; 13. Slope waterproof membrane layer; 14. Inner waterproof membrane layer; 15. Wide side baffle; 16. Drainage pipe; 17. Roof wide side brickwork; and 18. Pipe clamping hoop. Detailed Implementation
[0025] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes a waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building. The waterproof structure includes a central diversion unit, which is arranged along the length of the roof. The top of the central diversion unit is provided with a diversion surface extending from the center to the two long sides of the roof. The lower part of the central diversion unit forms a drainage ditch between itself and the brick masonry 9 on the long side of the roof. The two ends of the diversion surface in the central diversion unit are located directly above a drainage ditch. The bottom of each drainage ditch is provided with multiple side diversion units along the length of the roof. Each side diversion unit is connected to a drain outlet 10 in the brick masonry 9 on the long side of the roof. Rainwater flows through the central diversion unit and the side diversion units in sequence and is finally discharged from the drain outlet 10.
[0026] The central diversion unit includes a steel reinforcement support frame 1. The bottom of the steel reinforcement support frame 1 is embedded in the roof concrete layer 8. The top of the steel reinforcement support frame 1 is fixedly connected to a support plate 2. A long side baffle 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the steel reinforcement support frame 1 facing the long side brick masonry 9 of the roof. A wide side baffle 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the steel reinforcement support frame 1 facing the wide side brick masonry 17 of the roof. A top impermeable concrete layer 3 is poured on the top of the support plate 2. A diversion surface extending from the center to the two long sides of the roof is processed on the top of the top impermeable concrete layer 3. The two ends of the top diversion surface of the top impermeable concrete layer 3 are respectively located directly above a drainage ditch.
[0027] A layer of anti-seepage concrete 5 is poured on the side of the long side baffle 4 facing the long side brick masonry 9 of the roof, and a layer of anti-seepage concrete 5 is also poured on the side of the wide side baffle 15 facing the wide side brick masonry 17 of the roof.
[0028] The side diversion unit includes two primary diversion ramps 6 and one secondary diversion ramp 7. The secondary diversion ramp 7 is fixed at the bottom of the drainage ditch, and each secondary diversion ramp 7 is corresponding to a drainage outlet 10 in the brickwork 9 on the long side of the roof. The two primary diversion ramps 6 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the secondary diversion ramp 7, and the end of the slope of each primary diversion ramp 6 is connected to the slope of the secondary diversion ramp 7. The slope of the primary diversion ramp 6 is arranged along the length of the roof, and the slope of the secondary diversion ramp 7 is arranged along the width of the roof.
[0029] This embodiment provides a waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building, employing a multi-stage diversion design to guide rainwater to the drainage outlet in the drainage ditch. The steel reinforcement support frame 1 is welded from multiple intersecting steel bars, each with its outer surface coated with paint for protection. The support plate 2, long side baffle 4, and wide side baffle 15 are all made of steel plates, and the outer surfaces of the steel plates without a concrete layer are coated with paint for protection. The support plate 2, long side baffle 4, and wide side baffle 15 enclose the outside of the steel reinforcement support frame 1 and are welded to or fixed by threaded connections. The joints between the plates are sealed. If the steel reinforcement support frame 1 is fixed by welding, the joints between the plates are also sealed by welding. If the steel reinforcement support frame 1 is fixed by threaded connection, the joints between the plates are filled with sealing gaskets. After the steel reinforcement support frame 1 is connected to the support plate 2, the long side baffle 4 and the wide side baffle 15, the template is arranged on the outside and the impermeable concrete is poured at the same time to build a complete central diversion unit. It is worth noting that after the impermeable concrete is poured, the wide side baffle 15 should be connected to the wide side brick masonry 17 of the roof to form a drainage ditch structure on both sides of the central diversion unit, so as to facilitate the accurate collection of rainwater after it is diverted through the central diversion unit.
[0030] The support plate 2 is selected as an arc-shaped support plate or a slope-top support plate. The purpose is to ensure that the guide surface accurately introduces rainwater from both sides of the central guide unit into the drainage ditch, so as to collect the rainwater.
[0031] The width of the primary diversion slope 6 in the side diversion unit is the same as the width of the drainage ditch. The main body of the primary diversion slope 6 is made of impermeable concrete and has longitudinal steel bars embedded in it to ensure the support strength of the primary diversion slope 6. The secondary diversion slope 7 is set between the two primary diversion slopes 6 and is also made of impermeable concrete. The rainwater collected by the primary diversion slope 6 will flow into the drainage outlet 10 through the secondary diversion slope 7 and be discharged through the drainage outlet 10.
[0032] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 7This embodiment further defines specific embodiment one. An extension plate 21 is provided on each side of the support plate 2, and both extension plates 21 are welded and fixed to the support plate 2. A flow velocity amplification slope 31 is provided on each side of the top impermeable concrete layer 3. Each flow velocity amplification slope 31 is located on an extension plate 21, and both flow velocity amplification slopes 31 are integrally cast with the top impermeable concrete layer 3. The end of each flow velocity amplification slope 31 is located directly above a drainage ditch. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment one.
[0033] In this embodiment, the flow velocity amplification slope 31 is used to increase the flow velocity of the water at the end of the central guide unit. At the same time, it can also constrain the parabolic motion angle of the rainwater when it flows through the end of the central guide unit, which is beneficial to introduce the rainwater into the drainage ditch.
[0034] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment is a further limitation of the second specific embodiment. A top waterproof membrane layer 11 is laid on the top of the top impermeable concrete layer 3, and a side waterproof membrane layer 12 is laid on the side of the side impermeable concrete layer 5 facing the long side brick masonry 9 of the roof.
[0035] A slope waterproof membrane layer 13 is laid on the slope surface of both the primary diversion slope 6 and the secondary diversion slope 7;
[0036] An inner waterproof membrane layer 14 is laid on the inner side of the brickwork 9 on the long side of the roof and the inner side of the brickwork 17 on the wide side of the roof. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment two.
[0037] In this embodiment, the waterproof membrane layer can further increase the waterproofing capacity of the roof, and at the same time help improve the surface quality of the impermeable concrete structure and ensure the stability of rainwater flow. The top waterproof membrane layer 11, the side waterproof membrane layer 12, the slope waterproof membrane layer 13 and the inner waterproof membrane layer 14 are all made of the same material, which can be modified bitumen waterproof membrane or polymer waterproof membrane, specifically polyvinyl chloride material or thermoplastic polyolefin material.
[0038] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment is a further limitation of the third specific embodiment. The end of the slope of each secondary guide slope 7 extends into the corresponding drainage outlet 10, and the end of each secondary guide slope 7 is coplanar with the outer wall of the brick masonry 9 on the long side of the roof.
[0039] Each drain outlet 10 is provided with a longitudinally extending drain pipe 16 on its outer side. The top inlet of each drain pipe 16 is located below the drain outlet 10, and each drain pipe 16 is fixed to the outer wall of the brick masonry 9 on the long side of the roof by multiple pipe clamps 18. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment three.
[0040] In this embodiment, the secondary guide slope 7 extends into the drain outlet 10 to better guide the flow, allowing the collected rainwater to directly enter the inlet end of the drain pipe 16. The inlet end of the drain pipe 16 is flared, with its width being the same as or greater than the width of the drain outlet 10. The outlet end of the drain pipe 16 extends directly to the ground and is located close to the ground drainage system.
[0041] The present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed structure and technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0042] Working principle
[0043] In use, the components are first constructed on the roof of the factory building according to the connection methods described in Embodiments 1 to 4. During the rainy season, most of the rainwater will fall on the central guide unit and flow along the guide surface of the central guide unit to the corresponding drainage ditch. The rainwater entering the drainage ditch will flow along the primary guide slope 6 to the secondary guide slope 7, and finally flow along the secondary guide slope 7 from the drain outlet 10 into the drainage pipe 16. A small portion of the rainwater will not fall on the central guide unit but will directly enter the drainage ditch. This portion of the rainwater will flow along the primary guide slope 6 to the secondary guide slope 7, and finally flow along the secondary guide slope 7 from the drain outlet 10 into the drainage pipe 16.
Claims
1. A waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building, characterized in that: The waterproof structure includes a central diversion unit, which is set along the length of the roof. The top of the central diversion unit is provided with a diversion surface extending from the center to the two long sides of the roof. The lower part of the central diversion unit forms a drainage ditch between the brickwork (9) on the long side of the roof. The two ends of the diversion surface in the central diversion unit are located directly above a drainage ditch. The bottom of each drainage ditch is provided with multiple side diversion units along the length of the roof. Each side diversion unit is connected to a drain (10) in the brickwork (9) on the long side of the roof. Rainwater flows through the central diversion unit and the side diversion unit in sequence and is finally discharged from the drain (10). The central diversion unit includes a steel reinforcement support frame (1), the bottom of which is embedded in the roof concrete layer (8), the top of which is fixed by a support plate (2), a long side baffle (4) is fixed on the side of the steel reinforcement support frame (1) facing the long side brick masonry (9) of the roof, and a wide side baffle (15) is fixed on the side of the steel reinforcement support frame (1) facing the wide side brick masonry (17) of the roof. A top impermeable concrete layer (3) is poured on the top of the support plate (2), and a diversion surface extending from the center to the two long sides of the roof is processed on the top of the top impermeable concrete layer (3), and the two ends of the top diversion surface of the top impermeable concrete layer (3) are respectively located directly above a drainage ditch. An extension plate (21) is provided on each side of the support plate (2), and both extension plates (21) are welded and fixed to the support plate (2). A flow velocity amplification slope (31) is provided on each side of the top impermeable concrete layer (3). Each flow velocity amplification slope (31) is located on an extension plate (21), and both flow velocity amplification slopes (31) are integrally cast with the top impermeable concrete layer (3). The end of each flow velocity amplification slope (31) is located directly above a drainage ditch.
2. The waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A layer of anti-seepage concrete (5) is poured on the side of the long side baffle (4) facing the long side brick masonry (9) of the roof.
3. The waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building according to claim 2, characterized in that: A top waterproof membrane layer (11) is laid on top of the top impermeable concrete layer (3), and a side waterproof membrane layer (12) is laid on the side of the side impermeable concrete layer (5) facing the long side brick masonry (9) of the roof.
4. The waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side diversion unit includes two primary diversion ramps (6) and one secondary diversion ramp (7). The secondary diversion ramp (7) is fixed at the bottom of the drainage ditch, and each secondary diversion ramp (7) is set in correspondence with a drainage outlet (10) in the brickwork (9) on the long side of the roof. The two primary diversion ramps (6) are set opposite to each other on both sides of the secondary diversion ramp (7), and the end of the slope of each primary diversion ramp (6) is connected to the slope of the secondary diversion ramp (7). The slope of the primary diversion ramp (6) is set along the length of the roof, and the slope of the secondary diversion ramp (7) is set along the width of the roof.
5. A waterproof structure for a factory concrete roof according to claim 4, characterized in that: A slope waterproof membrane layer (13) is laid on the slope surface of the primary diversion slope (6) and the slope surface of the secondary diversion slope (7).
6. A waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the long side brick masonry (9) and the inner side of the wide side brick masonry (17) of the roof are both covered with an inner waterproof membrane layer (14).
7. A waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of each secondary diversion ramp (7) extends into the corresponding drainage outlet (10), and the end of each secondary diversion ramp (7) is coplanar with the outer wall of the brickwork (9) on the long side of the roof.
8. A waterproof structure for a concrete roof of a factory building according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each drain outlet (10) is provided with a longitudinally extending drain pipe (16) on its outer side. The top inlet of each drain pipe (16) is located below the drain outlet (10), and each drain pipe (16) is fixed to the outer wall of the brick masonry (9) on the long side of the roof by multiple pipe clamps (18).