Distributed liquid cooling energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a distributed liquid cooling energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage. The distributed liquid cooling energy storage system comprises a plurality of heat management units, a plurality of battery clusters, a liquid supply main pipeline and a liquid return main pipeline, the heat management units are used for outputting a first cooling medium to the liquid supply main pipeline and receiving the first cooling medium output by the liquid return main pipeline, and the first cooling medium is used for exchanging heat with the plurality of battery clusters. The battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs connected in series and a power converter used for controlling power conversion of the battery packs. Any one of the multiple heat management units is used for cooling the second cooling medium through the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator in the heat management unit, and the evaporator is used for receiving the first cooling medium and conducting heat exchange on the first cooling medium through the second cooling medium. According to the embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipating capacity of the power converter can be improved, the risk of power converter derating caused by too high temperature is reduced, and the overload capacity of the distributed liquid cooling energy storage system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application provide a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system, which relates to the technical field of energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed liquid-cooled energy storage systems include battery packs and power converters. The battery packs can be charged or discharged, and the power converters can control the battery packs to perform power conversion.

[0003] Under normal circumstances, power converters have low heat dissipation and high temperature, which increases the risk of power converter derating and affects the overload operation capability of distributed liquid-cooled energy storage systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system that can increase the heat dissipation of the power converter, reduce the risk of power converter derating due to excessive temperature, and improve the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0005] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system includes multiple thermal management units, multiple battery clusters, a main supply pipeline, and a main return pipeline. Each of the multiple thermal management units outputs a first cooling medium to the main supply pipeline and receives the first cooling medium output from the main return pipeline. The first cooling medium is used for heat exchange with the multiple battery clusters. Each of the multiple battery clusters includes multiple battery packs connected in series and a power converter for controlling the power conversion of the multiple battery packs. Any one of the multiple thermal management units is used to cool a second cooling medium through a compressor, condenser, and evaporator within the thermal management unit. The evaporator is used to receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with it through the second cooling medium.

[0006] In the embodiments of this application, the battery cluster includes a battery pack and a power converter, enabling the first cooling medium to simultaneously exchange heat with both the battery pack and the power converter. Compared to the first cooling medium exchanging heat with the battery pack first and then with the power converter, this reduces the impact of battery pack heat dissipation on the power converter's heat dissipation, lowers the temperature of the cooling medium exchanging heat with the power converter, increases the power converter's heat dissipation, reduces the risk of power converter derating due to excessive temperature, and improves the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system, enabling it to achieve high-temperature overload operation. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a complex structure, reducing the cost of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0007] In some possible implementations, any one of the multiple thermal management units also includes a first radiator, which is used to dissipate heat to the first cooling medium via a fan. This arrangement enables the first radiator to dissipate heat and cool the first cooling medium.

[0008] In some possible implementations, any one of the multiple thermal management units also includes a first radiator through which the first cooling medium flows. This arrangement enables the first radiator to dissipate heat and cool the first cooling medium.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the casing of the first radiator is in contact with the casing of the condenser. This arrangement allows the first radiator to exchange heat with the condenser, thereby enabling the first radiator to dissipate heat from the condenser and cool it down via a fan.

[0010] In some possible implementations, any one of the multiple thermal management units also includes an electric heater for heating the first cooling medium. This configuration allows the thermal management units to provide heat to the battery cluster, meeting the temperature requirements of the battery cluster under different scenarios.

[0011] In some possible implementations, any one of the multiple thermal management units also includes an electric heater, which is mounted on a pipe containing the first cooling medium. This arrangement allows the electric heater to heat the first cooling medium, meeting the temperature requirements of the battery cluster under different scenarios.

[0012] In some possible implementations, any one of the multiple thermal management units further includes a first radiator for dissipating heat to the first cooling medium via a fan. Each of the multiple thermal management units includes a first interface and a second interface, the first interface being connected to one of the main supply and return pipelines, and the second interface being connected to the other of the main supply and return pipelines. Each of the multiple thermal management units also includes a multi-port valve, which includes a first valve port, a second valve port, and a third valve port, any two of which are connected. The first radiator is connected to the first valve port and also to the first interface; the evaporator is connected to the third valve port and also to the first interface; and the second valve port is connected to the second interface. Understandably, the multi-port valve can selectively connect any two of the first, second, and third valve ports according to different operating conditions, thereby allowing different connection relationships between the first radiator, the evaporator, and the second interface, and enabling the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system to have different temperature control modes.

[0013] In some possible implementations, a multi-port valve is used to connect the second and third ports when the ambient temperature is a first temperature, allowing the evaporator, condenser, and compressor to operate. This configuration enables the thermal management unit to dissipate heat from the battery clusters when the ambient temperature is the first temperature.

[0014] In some possible implementations, a multi-port valve is used to connect the first and second valve ports when the ambient temperature is a second temperature, allowing the first radiator to dissipate heat to the first cooling medium. The second temperature is lower than the first temperature. This configuration allows the first cooling medium to circulate between the thermal management unit and the battery cluster via the multi-port valve. The circulating first cooling medium exchanges heat with the battery cluster, enabling the thermal management unit to dissipate heat to the battery cluster without the need for evaporator cooling, thus reducing the power consumption of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0015] In some possible implementations, any one of the multiple thermal management units also includes an electric heater for heating the first cooling medium. A multi-port valve connects the first and second ports when the ambient temperature is a third temperature, and the electric heater is operational to heat the first cooling medium. The third temperature is lower than the second temperature. Understandably, by using an electric heater to heat the first cooling medium, the thermal management unit can heat the battery clusters, achieving temperature control and improving the reliability of the thermal management unit when warming the battery clusters.

[0016] In some possible implementations, a multi-port valve is used to connect the first and second valve ports when the ambient temperature is a fourth temperature, while the electric heater is in standby mode. This fourth temperature is higher than the third temperature but lower than the second temperature. This configuration allows the first cooling medium to recover heat from the power converter to heat the battery pack without needing to activate the electric heater, thus reducing the power consumption of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the evaporator includes a first evaporation port, a second evaporation port, a third evaporation port, and a fourth evaporation port, with the first and second evaporation ports connected, and the third and fourth evaporation ports connected. The condenser includes a first condensation port and a second condensation port, connected. The first radiator includes a first heat dissipation port and a second heat dissipation port, connected. The compressor's outlet is connected to the first condensation port, the second condensation port is connected to the first evaporation port, and the second evaporation port is connected to the compressor's inlet. The first heat dissipation port is connected to a first valve port, the third evaporation port is connected to a third valve port, and the second heat dissipation port, the fourth evaporation port, and the first port are all connected. This arrangement allows the second cooling medium to circulate among the compressor, evaporator, and condenser, and enables the first radiator, evaporator, and the first port to be connected.

[0018] In some possible implementations, each battery pack includes a first connection port and a second connection port, which are connected. One of the first and second connection ports is connected to the main supply pipe, and the other is connected to the main return pipe. Each power converter includes a third connection port and a fourth connection port, which are connected. One of the third and fourth connection ports is connected to the main supply pipe, and the other is connected to the main return pipe. This arrangement allows the battery pack to be connected to both the main supply and return pipes, and also allows the power converter to be connected to both the main supply and return pipes, thereby enabling the first cooling medium to flow between multiple thermal management units and multiple battery clusters.

[0019] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system includes multiple thermal management units, multiple battery clusters, a main supply pipeline, and a main return pipeline. Each of the multiple thermal management units outputs a first cooling medium to the main supply pipeline and receives the first cooling medium output from the main return pipeline. The first cooling medium is used for heat exchange with the multiple battery clusters, and each battery cluster includes multiple battery packs connected in series. Any one of the multiple thermal management units is used to cool a second cooling medium through a compressor, condenser, and evaporator within the thermal management unit. The evaporator is used to receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with it through the second cooling medium. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system also includes a heat dissipation unit and a power converter for controlling the power conversion of multiple battery packs. The heat dissipation unit includes a third interface and a fourth interface. Any one of the multiple power converters includes a third connection port and a fourth connection port. The third interface is connected to the third connection port of any power converter, the third connection port and the fourth connection port are connected, and the fourth interface is connected to the fourth connection port of any power converter. The heat dissipation unit is used to output a third cooling medium to the multiple power converters and to recover the third cooling medium output by the multiple power converters. The third cooling medium exchanges heat with the multiple power converters. The heat dissipation unit includes a second radiator, which is used to dissipate heat to the third cooling medium through a fan.

[0020] In the embodiments of this application, a heat dissipation unit is configured to cool multiple power converters, allowing the battery pack and power converters to dissipate heat through the thermal management unit and the heat dissipation unit respectively. This reduces the impact of the battery pack's heat dissipation on the power converter's heat dissipation, lowers the temperature of the cooling medium exchanging heat with the power converter, increases the power converter's heat dissipation, reduces the risk of power converter derating due to excessive temperature, and improves the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system, enabling it to operate under high-temperature overload conditions. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a complex structure, reducing the cost of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system also includes a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve. The three ports of the first three-way valve are respectively connected to a third interface, a third connecting port, and the main liquid supply pipeline, and at least two ports of the first three-way valve are also connected. The three ports of the second three-way valve are respectively connected to a fourth interface, a fourth connecting port, and the main liquid return pipeline, and at least two ports of the second three-way valve are also connected. This configuration allows the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system to have different temperature control modes to meet usage requirements under different conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under some possible conditions;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under a temperature control mode provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under a temperature control mode provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under another temperature control mode, provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under another temperature control mode;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under another temperature control mode;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under another temperature control mode;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under a temperature control mode, which is provided for some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application are within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0033] "At least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B or C", both including the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, combinations of A and B, combinations of A and C, combinations of B and C, and combinations of A, B and C.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under some possible conditions. For example... Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 may include multiple thermal management units 110 and multiple battery clusters 120. For example, the multiple thermal management units 110 and the multiple battery clusters 120 are connected, and a first cooling medium can flow between the multiple thermal management units 110 and the multiple battery clusters 120, enabling the multiple thermal management units 110 to exchange heat with the multiple battery clusters 120. The first cooling medium can be water, or it can be other heat-conducting media.

[0035] For example, the number of thermal management units 110 can be two, three, or four, and the number of battery clusters 120 can be two, three, or four. The number of thermal management units 110 and battery clusters 120 can be the same or different. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of thermal management units 110 and battery clusters 120. Figure 1 To simplify the structure of the accompanying drawings, only a thermal management unit 110 and a battery cluster 120 are shown.

[0036] The thermal management unit 110 can either raise or lower the temperature of the battery cluster 120. This keeps the temperature of the battery cluster 120 within a set range, reducing the risk of the battery cluster 120 malfunctioning due to excessively high or low temperatures.

[0037] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, each of the multiple thermal management units 110 may include an evaporator 111, a condenser 112, and a compressor 119.

[0038] Evaporator 111 can be a plate heat exchanger, or it can be another type of heat exchanger. Condenser 112 can be a plate heat exchanger, or it can be another type of heat exchanger.

[0039] Taking the cooling of the battery cluster 120 by the thermal management unit 110 as an example, in some examples, any one of the multiple thermal management units 110 is used to cool the second cooling medium through the compressor 119, condenser 112, and evaporator 111 in the thermal management unit 110. The evaporator 111 is used to receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with the first cooling medium through the second cooling medium. It can be understood that the second cooling medium dissipates heat and cools the first cooling medium, so that the first cooling medium can cool the battery cluster 120.

[0040] The second cooling medium can be Freon, or it can include other chemical components. The second cooling medium can circulate between the compressor 119, the evaporator 111, and the condenser 112.

[0041] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the evaporator 111 may include a first evaporation port C1 and a second evaporation port C2, which are connected. The condenser 112 may include a first condensation port B1 and a second condensation port B2, which are connected. The liquid outlet A1 of the compressor 119 is connected to the first condensation port B1, the second condensation port B2 is connected to the first evaporation port C1, and the second evaporation port C2 is connected to the liquid inlet A2 of the compressor 119.

[0042] Understandably, compressor 119 can draw in the low-temperature, low-pressure vaporous second cooling medium from evaporator 111, compress it into a high-temperature, high-pressure vaporous second cooling medium, and then send it into condenser 112. After entering condenser 112, the high-temperature, high-pressure vaporous second cooling medium condenses and releases heat within condenser 112. The excess heat is dissipated through the heat dissipation effect of condenser 112, thereby cooling it into a liquid second cooling medium at room temperature and pressure.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management unit 110 may also include a throttling valve 118, which is connected between the condenser 112 and the evaporator 111. The liquid second cooling medium cooled by the condenser 112 flows through the throttling valve 118, achieving throttling and pressure reduction, and transforming into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid second cooling medium, creating favorable conditions for the subsequent evaporation process.

[0044] The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid secondary cooling medium enters the evaporator 111 and rapidly evaporates into a gaseous secondary cooling medium, absorbing heat from the environment. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management unit 110 may further include a gas-liquid separator 151, which is connected between the evaporator 111 and the compressor 119. The gas-liquid separator 151 can separate the gaseous second cooling medium and the liquid second cooling medium to reduce the risk of the liquid second cooling medium flowing into the compressor 119 and causing damage to the compressor 119.

[0045] In other words, the second cooling medium can absorb heat in the evaporator 111 and release heat in the condenser 112. Through heat exchange between the second cooling medium and the first cooling medium, the temperature of the first cooling medium can be raised or lowered, thereby raising or lowering the temperature of the battery cluster 120.

[0046] For example, when it is necessary to cool the first cooling medium, the evaporator 111 can receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with the first cooling medium through the second cooling medium, thereby reducing the temperature of the first cooling medium. When it is necessary to heat the first cooling medium, the condenser 112 can receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with the first cooling medium through the second cooling medium, thereby increasing the temperature of the first cooling medium.

[0047] In some examples, each of the multiple battery clusters 120 includes multiple battery packs 121 connected in series. Understandably, the battery packs 121 are capable of converting electrical energy into chemical energy for storage and converting chemical energy into electrical energy to power an external load. The battery packs 121 may include lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries.

[0048] The battery cluster 120 may contain two, three, or more battery packs 121. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of battery packs 121 contained in the battery cluster 120. The multiple battery packs 121 may be of the same type or different types. Understandably, for the sake of simplifying the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 Only one battery pack 121 of the battery cluster 120 is shown in the image.

[0049] Understandably, connecting multiple battery packs 121 in series within the battery cluster 120 increases the load-carrying capacity of the battery cluster 120. Multiple thermal management units 110 can exchange heat with any one of the battery packs 121 in the multiple battery clusters 120, ensuring that the cells of the battery pack 121 are within a suitable temperature range, reducing the risk of the battery pack 121 malfunctioning due to excessively high or low ambient temperatures.

[0050] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 also includes a power conversion system (PCS) 122. For example, the power converter 122 can control the power conversion of multiple battery packs 121 within the battery cluster 120. For instance, the power converter 122 can convert external AC power to DC power to charge the battery packs 121, and can convert the DC power output from the battery packs 121 back to AC power to supply power to external loads.

[0051] In some examples, any one of the multiple thermal management units 110 further includes a first radiator 117, which is used to dissipate heat to the first cooling medium via a fan, thereby enabling the first radiator 117 to cool the first cooling medium. For example, the number of first radiators 117 can be multiple, such as two, three, four, etc. The embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of first radiators 117.

[0052] In some examples, the first cooling medium flows through the first radiator 117. Understandably, the flow of the first cooling medium through the first radiator 117 enables the first radiator 117 to dissipate heat and cool the first cooling medium via a fan.

[0053] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the condenser 112, power converter 122, and first radiator 117 are connected together, as follows: Figure 1 As indicated by the middle arrow, the first cooling medium circulates between the condenser 112, the power converter 122, and the first radiator 117. For example, after the first cooling medium exchanges heat with the condenser 112 and heats up, it flows into the power converter 122 and exchanges heat with it. Then, the first cooling medium flows into the first radiator 117, where a fan dissipates heat to cool the first cooling medium.

[0054] The first cooling medium has a relatively high temperature after exchanging heat with the condenser 112, approximately 50 degrees Celsius (°C). The high-temperature cooling medium flows into the power converter 122 and exchanges heat with it, which will affect the heat dissipation of the power converter 122.

[0055] Understandably, the condenser 112 can exchange heat with the evaporator 111 through the second cooling medium, and the evaporator 111 exchanges heat with the battery pack 121 through the first cooling medium. In other words, the heat of the battery pack 121 can be conducted to the condenser 112 through the evaporator 111. The heat of the condenser 112 affects the heat dissipation of the power converter 122, that is, the heat of the battery pack 121 affects the heat dissipation of the power converter 122.

[0056] The reduced heat dissipation of the power converter 122 increases the risk of overheating and derating of the power converter 122, affecting the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0057] As a product with bidirectional energy interaction, the capacity and power of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 directly affect the user's choice. Under the same capacity, the stronger the overload operation capability, the higher the input and output power, the faster the energy storage speed, and the greater the load it can drive.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under a temperature control mode. To improve the heat dissipation of the power converter 122, reduce the risk of derating the power converter 122 due to excessive temperature, and improve the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100, embodiments of this application provide a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100. The following refers to… Figure 2 The following is an example of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0059] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management unit 110 may include a main supply pipe 103 and a main return pipe 104. Each of the multiple thermal management units 110 outputs a first cooling medium to the main supply pipe 103 and receives the first cooling medium output from the main return pipe 104. The first cooling medium is used for heat exchange with the multiple battery clusters 120.

[0060] The main cooling pipe 103 can be connected to multiple thermal management units 110 and multiple battery clusters 120, so that each of the multiple thermal management units 110 can output a first cooling medium to the main cooling pipe 103, and the first cooling medium in the main cooling pipe 103 can flow into the multiple battery clusters 120.

[0061] The return main pipe 104 is connected to multiple thermal management units 110 and multiple battery clusters 120, so that the first cooling medium in the multiple battery clusters 120 can flow into the return main pipe 104, and each of the multiple thermal management units 110 can receive the first cooling medium output from the return main pipe 104.

[0062] This allows the first cooling medium to circulate between multiple heat management units 110 and multiple battery clusters 120, thereby enabling the multiple heat pipe units 110 to exchange heat with the multiple battery clusters 120.

[0063] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some examples, each of the multiple battery clusters 120 includes multiple battery packs 121 connected in series and a power converter 122 for controlling the power conversion of the multiple battery packs 121.

[0064] In other words, after the first cooling medium in the main supply pipe 103 flows into the multiple battery clusters 120, it can exchange heat with the multiple battery packs 121 and the power converter 122. After exchanging heat with the multiple battery packs 121 and the power converter 122, the first cooling medium can flow back to the return pipe 104.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, the battery cluster 120 includes a battery pack 121 and a power converter 122, enabling the first cooling medium to simultaneously exchange heat with both the battery pack 121 and the power converter 122. Compared to the first cooling medium exchanging heat with the battery pack 121 first and then with the power converter 122, this reduces the impact of heat dissipation from the battery pack 121 on the heat dissipation of the power converter 122, lowers the temperature of the cooling medium exchanging heat with the power converter 122, increases the heat dissipation of the power converter 122, reduces the risk of derating the power converter 122 due to excessive temperature, and improves the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100, enabling the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 to achieve high-temperature overload operation. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a complex structure, reducing the cost of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0066] For example, the temperature of the first cooling medium that exchanges heat with the battery pack 121 and the power converter 122 can be approximately 20°C.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in other embodiments of this application under a temperature control mode. In other examples, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage system 100 may include a thermal management unit 110 and multiple battery clusters 120. The thermal management unit 110 exchanges heat with the multiple battery clusters 120, that is, the thermal management unit 110 exchanges heat with multiple battery packs 121 and multiple power converters 122. Relative to Figure 2 It includes a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system with multiple thermal management units. Figure 3 It can be called a centralized liquid-cooled energy storage system.

[0068] The embodiments of this application take a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100, which includes multiple thermal management units 110 and multiple battery clusters 120, as an example for further illustration.

[0069] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the housing of the first radiator 117 is in contact with the housing of the condenser 112. This arrangement allows the first radiator 117 to exchange heat with the condenser 112, thereby enabling the first radiator 117 to dissipate heat and cool the condenser 112 via a fan.

[0070] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some examples, any one of the multiple thermal management units 110 further includes an electric heater (positive temperature coefficient, PTC) 114 for heating the first cooling medium.

[0071] Understandably, when heating of the battery cluster 120 is required, the electric heater 114 can be in an operational state to heat the first cooling medium, through which heat is conducted to the battery cluster 120. When heating of the battery cluster 120 is not required, the electric heater 114 can be in a standby state.

[0072] By setting an electric heater 114 to heat the first cooling medium, the thermal management unit 110 can provide heat to the battery cluster 120 to meet the temperature requirements of the battery cluster 120 under different scenarios.

[0073] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some examples, an electric heater 114 is disposed on a pipe containing a first cooling medium. This allows the electric heater 114 to heat the first cooling medium.

[0074] For example, the electric heater 114 can be disposed on the liquid supply pipe for heating the first cooling medium flowing into the battery cluster 120. For example, the electric heater 114 can be disposed on the main liquid supply pipe 103, or the electric heater 114 can also be disposed on a liquid supply branch pipe, such as a liquid supply branch pipe connecting the evaporator 111 and the main liquid supply pipe 103 (see...). Figure 2 Alternatively, it can be connected to the main liquid supply pipe 103 and the liquid supply branch pipe of the battery cluster 120.

[0075] An electric heater 114 is installed on a pipe that contains a first cooling medium, so that the electric heater 114 can heat the first cooling medium to meet the temperature requirements of the battery cluster 120 in different scenarios.

[0076] In some examples, such as Figure 2As shown, any one of the multiple thermal management units 110 further includes a first actuator 115 and a first expansion tank 116. The first actuator 115 is disposed on a pipe containing a first cooling medium and is used to drive the flow of the first cooling medium. For example, the first actuator 115 may be a water pump. The thermal management unit 110 may include one first actuator 115 or multiple first actuators 115.

[0077] The first expansion tank 116 can be connected to a pipe containing the first cooling medium to replenish the first cooling medium into the pipe, so that the pressure in the pipe can be maintained within a set range.

[0078] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some examples, any battery pack 121 includes a first connection port E1 and a second connection port E2, which are connected. One of the first connection port E1 and the second connection port E2 is connected to the main supply pipe 103, and the other is connected to the main return pipe 104.

[0079] For example, the first connection port E1 can be connected to the main supply pipe 103, and the second connection port E2 can be connected to the main return pipe 104. Alternatively, the first connection port E1 can be connected to the main return pipe 104, and the second connection port E2 can be connected to the main supply pipe 103. By setting one of the first connection port E1 and the second connection port E2 to be connected to the main supply pipe 103 and the other to the main return pipe 104, the battery pack 121 can be connected to both the main supply pipe 103 and the main return pipe 104, thereby allowing the first cooling medium to flow between the multiple thermal management units 110 and the multiple battery packs 121.

[0080] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some examples, any power converter 122 includes a third connection port F1 and a fourth connection port F2, which are connected. One of the third connection port F1 and the fourth connection port F2 is connected to the main supply pipe 103, and the other is connected to the main return pipe 104.

[0081] For example, the third connection port F1 can be connected to the main liquid supply pipe 103, and the fourth connection port F2 can be connected to the main liquid return pipe 104. Alternatively, the third connection port F1 can be connected to the main liquid return pipe 104, and the fourth connection port F2 can be connected to the main liquid supply pipe 103. By setting one of the third connection port F1 and the fourth connection port F2 to be connected to the main liquid supply pipe 103 and the other to the main liquid return pipe 104, the power converter 122 can be connected to both the main liquid supply pipe 103 and the main liquid return pipe 104, thereby allowing the first cooling medium to flow between the multiple thermal management units 110 and the multiple power converters 122.

[0082] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some examples, any one of the multiple thermal management units 110 includes a first interface 1101 and a second interface 1102, the first interface 1101 being connected to one of the main supply pipe 103 and the main return pipe 104, and the second interface 1102 being connected to the other of the main supply pipe 103 and the main return pipe 104.

[0083] For example, the first interface 1101 can be connected to the main supply pipe 103 and the second interface 1102 can be connected to the main return pipe 104. Alternatively, the first interface 1101 can be connected to the main return pipe 104 and the second interface 1102 can be connected to the main supply pipe 103.

[0084] Any one of the multiple thermal management units 110 further includes a multi-way valve 113, which includes a first valve port a, a second valve port b, and a third valve port c, wherein any two of the first valve port a, the second valve port b, and the third valve port c are connected.

[0085] Understandably, the multi-way valve 113 can be a three-way valve, or it can be a four-way valve, a six-way valve, an eight-way valve, or a ten-way valve, etc. Any two of the first valve port a, the second valve port b, and the third valve port c can be connected; that is, the first valve port a can be connected to the second valve port b, or the first valve port a can be connected to the third valve port c, or the second valve port b can be connected to the third valve port c.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, the first radiator 117 is connected to the first valve port a and the first interface 1101. The evaporator 111 is connected to the third valve port c and the first interface 1101, and the second valve port b is connected to the second interface 1102.

[0087] Understandably, the first radiator 117 is connected to the first valve port a, the evaporator 111 is connected to the third valve port c, and the second valve port b is connected to the second interface 1102, allowing any two of the three components to be connected. For example, when the first valve port a and the second valve port b are connected, the first radiator 117 can be connected to the second interface 1102 via the multi-way valve 113. When the first valve port a and the third valve port c are connected, the first radiator 117 can be connected to the evaporator 111 via the multi-way valve 113. When the second valve port b and the third valve port c are connected, the second interface 1102 can be connected to the evaporator 111 via the multi-way valve 113.

[0088] Understandably, the multi-port valve 113 can selectively connect any two of the first valve port a, the second valve port b, and the third valve port c according to different operating conditions, so that the first radiator 117, the evaporator 111, and the second interface 1102 can have different connection relationships, and the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can have different temperature control modes.

[0089] In some examples, the first heat sink 117 and the evaporator 111 can be connected to the first interface 1101, respectively. In other examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the evaporator 111 includes a third evaporation port C3 and a fourth evaporation port C4, which are connected. The first radiator 117 includes a first heat dissipation port D1 and a second heat dissipation port D2, which are connected. The first heat dissipation port D1 is connected to the first valve port a, the third evaporation port C3 is connected to the third valve port c, and the second heat dissipation port D2, the fourth evaporation port C4, and the first port 1101 are connected.

[0090] This allows the first radiator 117, evaporator 111 and first interface 1101 to be connected, simplifying the piping structure of the thermal management unit 110.

[0091] The following provides examples of several temperature control modes for the thermal management unit 110. It is understood that the thermal management unit 110 may include temperature control modes other than those described below.

[0092] Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system under another temperature control mode, as provided in some embodiments of this application. In some examples, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the second valve port b and the third valve port c when the ambient temperature is the first temperature, so that the evaporator 111, condenser 112 and compressor 119 are in working condition.

[0093] Understandably, in the embodiments of this application, the ambient temperature can be the ambient temperature around the battery pack 121, the temperature of the environment (e.g., a container) where the multiple battery clusters 120 are located, the temperature of the battery cells of the battery pack 121, or the temperature around the battery cells of the battery pack 121.

[0094] The multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the second valve port b and the third valve port c when the ambient temperature is the first temperature, so that the evaporator 111 and the second port 1102 can be connected through the multi-way valve 113. The evaporator 111, condenser 112, and compressor 119 are in operating condition, while the electric heater 114 is in standby condition. Figure 4(shown as dashed lines in the middle), the second cooling medium can evaporate and absorb heat in the evaporator 111, and the second cooling medium and the first cooling medium exchange heat in the evaporator 111, so that the temperature of the first cooling medium can be reduced.

[0095] like Figure 4 As indicated by the middle arrow, after the first cooling medium exchanges heat with the second cooling medium and cools down, it flows into the battery cluster 120 through the multi-way valve 113. After exchanging heat with the battery cluster 120, it flows back into the evaporator 111, enabling the thermal management unit 110 to dissipate heat from the battery cluster 120. For example, the above-mentioned temperature control mode of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can be referred to as the cooling mode. In some of the accompanying drawings of this application, [the following text is incomplete and likely refers to a different document or specification]. Figure 4 For example, to simplify the accompanying drawings, only the flow direction of the first cooling medium between a thermal management unit 110 and a battery cluster 120 is shown.

[0096] Understandably, the embodiments of this application do not further limit the value of the first temperature. Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under another temperature control mode. In some examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, the multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the first valve port a and the second valve port b when the ambient temperature is a second temperature, so that the first radiator 117 can dissipate heat to the first cooling medium. The second temperature is lower than the first temperature.

[0097] For example, when the ambient temperature is the second temperature, the compressor 119, evaporator 111, condenser 112, and electric heater 114 are in standby mode. Figure 5 (shown in dashed lines). In some of the accompanying drawings of this application, (shown in dashed lines). Figure 5 For example, to clearly show the flow path of the first cooling medium, dashed lines are used to indicate the pipes through which the first cooling medium does not flow.

[0098] The multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the first valve port a and the second valve port b when the ambient temperature is a first temperature, so that the first radiator 117 and the second interface 1102 can be connected through the multi-way valve 113.

[0099] like Figure 5 As indicated by the middle arrow, the first cooling medium circulates between the first radiator 117 and the battery cluster 120 through the multi-way valve 113. After the circulating first cooling medium exchanges heat with the first radiator 117 and cools down, it exchanges heat with the battery cluster 120, so that the first radiator 117 can dissipate heat for the battery cluster 120.

[0100] For example, the above-described temperature control mode of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can be referred to as the natural cooling mode. In the natural cooling mode, there is no need for evaporator 111 for cooling, which reduces the power consumption of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0101] The second temperature is lower than the first temperature. In other words, if the ambient temperature meets the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack 121, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can use a natural cooling mode to dissipate heat from the battery cluster 120. Understandably, the embodiments of this application do not further limit the value of the second temperature.

[0102] Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under another temperature control mode. In some examples, such as Figure 6 As shown, the multi-port valve 113 is used to connect the first valve port a and the second valve port b when the ambient temperature is a third temperature, and the electric heater 114 is in operation to heat the first cooling medium. The third temperature is lower than the second temperature.

[0103] For example, when the ambient temperature is the third temperature, the compressor 119, evaporator 111, and condenser 112 are in standby mode. Figure 6 (Shown in dashed lines). The electric heater 114 is in operation, heating the first cooling medium so that the temperature of the first cooling medium can rise.

[0104] A multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the first valve port a and the second valve port b when the ambient temperature is a third temperature, allowing the first radiator 117 to connect to the battery cluster 120. An electric heater 114 can be connected between the first radiator 117 and the first interface 1101. Figure 6 As indicated by the middle arrow, the first cooling medium is heated by the electric heater 114 and then flows into the battery pack 120 to exchange heat with the battery pack 120. After that, it flows back to the electric heater 114, so that the thermal management unit 110 can heat the battery pack 121.

[0105] For example, the temperature control mode of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 described above can be referred to as the heating mode. In the heating mode, the electric heater 114 can heat the first cooling medium, achieving temperature controllability and improving the reliability of the thermal management unit 110 when heating the battery cluster 120.

[0106] The third temperature is lower than the second temperature. In other words, when the ambient temperature is low, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can use a heating mode to heat the battery cluster 120. Understandably, the embodiments of this application do not further limit the value of the third temperature.

[0107] Figure 7This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under another temperature control mode. In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the first valve port a and the second valve port b when the ambient temperature is a fourth temperature, and the electric heater 114 is in standby mode. The fourth temperature is greater than the third temperature and less than the second temperature.

[0108] For example, when the ambient temperature is the fourth temperature, the compressor 119, evaporator 111, condenser 112, and electric heater 114 are in standby mode. Figure 7 (shown in dashed lines).

[0109] The multi-way valve 113 is used to connect the first valve port a and the second valve port b when the ambient temperature is a third temperature, so that the first radiator 117 can be connected to the battery cluster 120. For example... Figure 7 As indicated by the middle arrow, the first cooling medium circulates between the first heat sink 117 and the battery pack 120, allowing the first cooling medium that exchanges heat with the battery pack 121 and the first cooling medium that exchanges heat with the power converter 122 to mix. In this way, the first cooling medium can recover heat from the power converter 122 to heat the battery pack 121.

[0110] For example, the temperature control mode of the energy storage system 100 described above can be referred to as the waste heat recovery mode. When the thermal management unit 110 operates in waste heat recovery mode, there is no need to turn on the electric heater 114 to heat the battery pack 121, thus reducing the power consumption of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0111] The fourth temperature is greater than the third temperature but less than the second temperature. That is to say, when the ambient temperature is not very low, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can use waste heat recovery to heat the battery pack 121. Understandably, the embodiments of this application do not further limit the value of the fourth temperature.

[0112] The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 has different temperature control modes under different ambient temperatures, so that the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can meet the usage requirements under different conditions.

[0113] Understandably, in different temperature control modes of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100, the flow direction of the first cooling medium is different, resulting in different main supply pipes 103 and 104. For example, as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in cooling mode and natural cooling mode, the main pipe near the thermal management unit 110 is the liquid supply main pipe 103, and the main pipe near the battery cluster 120 is the liquid return main pipe 104.

[0114] like Figure 6As shown, the flow direction of the first cooling medium in the heating mode is opposite to that in the cooling mode and the natural cooling mode. In the heating mode, the main pipe near the thermal management unit 110 is the return main pipe 104, and the main pipe near the battery cluster 120 is the supply main pipe 103.

[0115] like Figure 7 As shown, in the waste heat recovery mode, the flow direction of the first cooling medium can be the same as that of the first cooling medium in the heating mode (opposite to the flow direction of the first cooling medium in the cooling mode and the natural cooling mode). At this time, the main pipe near the management unit 110 is the return liquid main pipe 104, and the main pipe near the battery cluster 120 is the supply liquid main pipe 103.

[0116] Alternatively, in waste heat recovery mode, the flow direction of the first cooling medium can be the same as that of the first cooling medium in refrigeration mode and natural cooling mode (opposite to the flow direction of the first cooling medium in heating mode). In this case, the main pipe near the thermal management unit 110 is the liquid supply main pipe 103, and the main pipe near the battery cluster 120 is the liquid return main pipe 104.

[0117] As can be seen from the above, in some examples, the battery cluster 120 includes a battery pack 121 and a power converter 122. When it is necessary to dissipate heat for the battery cluster 120, the first cooling medium exchanges heat with the battery pack 121 and the power converter 122 simultaneously.

[0118] Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application under a temperature control mode. In other examples, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the battery cluster 120 does not include the power converter 122. At this time, the thermal management unit 110 exchanges heat with the battery pack 121 in the battery cluster 120.

[0119] Continue to refer to Figure 8 The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 also includes a heat dissipation unit 130 and multiple power converters 122 for controlling multiple battery packs. The heat dissipation unit 130 includes a third interface 1301 and a fourth interface 1302. Each of the multiple power converters 122 includes a third connection port F1 and a fourth connection port F2, which are connected. The third interface 1301 is connected to the third connection port F1 of any power converter 122, and the fourth interface 1302 is connected to the fourth connection port F2 of any power converter 122. In this way, the heat dissipation unit 130 can be connected to multiple power converters 122.

[0120] The cooling unit 130 is used to output a third cooling medium to multiple power converters 122 and to recover the third cooling medium output by the multiple power converters 122, wherein the third cooling medium exchanges heat with the multiple power converters 122. The cooling unit 130 includes a second radiator 131, which is used to dissipate heat from the third cooling medium through a fan.

[0121] For example, the third cooling medium and the first cooling medium can be the same; for instance, the third cooling medium can be water. The number of second radiators 131 can be multiple, and the embodiments of this application do not further limit the number of second radiators 131.

[0122] The cooling unit 130 is configured to dissipate heat from multiple power converters 122, allowing the battery pack 121 and power converters 122 to be cooled by the thermal management unit 110 and the cooling unit 130 respectively. This reduces the impact of the heat dissipation from the battery pack 121 on the heat dissipation of the power converters 122, lowers the temperature of the cooling medium exchanging heat with the power converters 122, increases the heat dissipation of the power converters 122, reduces the risk of derating the power converters 122 due to excessive temperature, and improves the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100, enabling it to operate under high-temperature overload conditions. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a complex structure, reducing the cost of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0123] Continue to refer to Figure 8 In some examples, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 may further include a first three-way valve 101 and a second three-way valve 102. The three ports of the first three-way valve 101 are respectively connected to a third interface 1301, a third connecting port F1, and a main liquid supply pipeline 103, and at least two ports of the first three-way valve 101 are connected. The three ports of the second three-way valve 102 are respectively connected to a fourth interface 1302, a fourth connecting port F2, and a main liquid return pipeline 104, and at least two ports of the second three-way valve 102 are connected.

[0124] Understandably, the first three-way valve 101 and the second three-way valve 102 can be connected to different valve ports, so that the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can have different temperature control modes.

[0125] For example, when it is necessary to dissipate heat from the battery pack 121 and the power converter 122 separately, the first three-way valve 101 can connect the third interface 1301 and the third connection port F1, and the second three-way valve 102 can connect the fourth interface 1302 and the fourth connection port F2. At this time, the first cooling medium circulates between the battery pack and the thermal management unit 110, and the third cooling medium circulates between the power converter 122 and the heat dissipation unit 130, thereby reducing the impact of the heat from the battery pack 121 on the heat dissipation of the power converter 122.

[0126] When it is necessary to recover heat from the power converter 122 to heat the battery pack 121, the first three-way valve 101 connects the third port 1301, the third connecting port F1, and the main liquid supply pipe 103; the second three-way valve 102 connects the fourth port 1302, the fourth connecting port F2, and the main liquid return pipe 104. The first cooling medium exchanging heat with the battery pack 121 and the third cooling medium exchanging heat with the power converter 122 can be mixed through the first three-way valve 101 and the second three-way valve 102, enabling the battery pack 121 to recover waste heat from the power converter 122. For example, the above-described temperature control mode of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can be referred to as the waste heat recovery mode. Understandably, in the waste heat recovery mode, it is not necessary to turn on the electric heater 114 to provide heat to the battery pack 121, reducing the power consumption of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0127] By setting the first three-way valve 101 and the second three-way valve 102, the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 can have different temperature control modes to meet the usage requirements under different conditions.

[0128] For example, the cooling unit 130 may further include a second actuator 132 and a second expansion tank 133. The second actuator 132 may be disposed on a pipe containing a third cooling medium for driving the flow of the third cooling medium. For example, the second actuator 132 may be a water pump. The cooling unit 130 may include one second actuator 132 or multiple second actuators 132.

[0129] The second expansion tank 133 can be connected to a pipe containing a third cooling medium to replenish the pipe with the third cooling medium, so that the pressure in the pipe can be maintained within a set range.

[0130] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0131] In the embodiments of this application, the battery cluster 120 includes a battery pack 121 and a power converter 122, enabling the first cooling medium to simultaneously exchange heat with both the battery pack 121 and the power converter 122. Compared to the first cooling medium exchanging heat with the battery pack 121 first and then with the power converter 122, this reduces the impact of heat dissipation from the battery pack 121 on the heat dissipation of the power converter 122, lowers the temperature of the cooling medium exchanging heat with the power converter 122, increases the heat dissipation of the power converter 122, reduces the risk of derating the power converter 122 due to excessive temperature, and improves the overload operation capability of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100, enabling the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100 to achieve high-temperature overload operation. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a complex structure, reducing the cost of the distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system 100.

[0132] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system, characterized in that, The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system includes multiple thermal management units, multiple battery clusters, a main liquid supply pipeline, and a main liquid return pipeline. Each of the multiple thermal management units is used to output a first cooling medium to the main liquid supply pipeline and receive the first cooling medium output from the main liquid return pipeline. The first cooling medium is used to exchange heat with the multiple battery clusters. Each of the multiple battery clusters includes multiple battery packs connected in series and a power converter for controlling the power conversion of the multiple battery packs. Any one of the plurality of thermal management units is used to cool the second cooling medium through the compressor, condenser and evaporator in the thermal management unit, and the evaporator is used to receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with the first cooling medium through the second cooling medium.

2. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Any of the plurality of thermal management units further includes a first radiator, which is used to dissipate heat to the first cooling medium via a fan.

3. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Any one of the plurality of thermal management units further includes a first radiator, through which the first cooling medium flows.

4. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing of the first radiator is in contact with the housing of the condenser.

5. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Any one of the plurality of thermal management units further includes an electric heater for heating the first cooling medium.

6. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Any one of the plurality of thermal management units further includes an electric heater, which is disposed on a pipe containing the first cooling medium.

7. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Any of the plurality of thermal management units further includes a first radiator, which is used to dissipate heat to the first cooling medium by means of a fan. Each of the plurality of thermal management units includes a first interface and a second interface, wherein the first interface is connected to one of the liquid supply main pipe and the liquid return main pipe, and the second interface is connected to the other of the liquid supply main pipe and the liquid return main pipe; Any one of the plurality of thermal management units further includes a multi-way valve, the multi-way valve including a first valve port, a second valve port and a third valve port, any two of the first valve port, the second valve port and the third valve port being connected; The first radiator is connected to the first valve port and the first interface, the evaporator is connected to the third valve port and the first interface, and the second valve port is connected to the second interface.

8. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-port valve is used to connect the second valve port and the third valve port when the ambient temperature is a first temperature, and the evaporator, the condenser and the compressor are in working condition.

9. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The multi-port valve is used to connect the first valve port and the second valve port when the ambient temperature is the second temperature, so that the first radiator can dissipate heat to the first cooling medium. The second temperature is lower than the first temperature.

10. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that, Any of the plurality of thermal management units further includes an electric heater, the electric heater being used to heat the first cooling medium; The multi-port valve is used to connect the first valve port and the second valve port when the ambient temperature is the third temperature, and the electric heater is in working condition to heat the first cooling medium. The third temperature is lower than the second temperature.

11. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The multi-port valve is used to connect the first valve port and the second valve port when the ambient temperature is the fourth temperature, and the electric heater is in standby mode. The fourth temperature is greater than the third temperature and less than the second temperature.

12. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that, The evaporator includes a first evaporation port, a second evaporation port, a third evaporation port, and a fourth evaporation port. The first evaporation port and the second evaporation port are connected, and the third evaporation port and the fourth evaporation port are connected. The condenser includes a first condensing port and a second condensing port, which are connected to each other; the first radiator includes a first radiating port and a second radiating port, which are connected to each other. The compressor's liquid outlet is connected to the first condenser interface, the second condenser interface is connected to the first evaporator interface, and the second evaporator interface is connected to the compressor's liquid inlet. The first heat dissipation interface is connected to the first valve port, the third evaporation interface is connected to the third valve port, and the second heat dissipation interface, the fourth evaporation interface and the first interface are connected together.

13. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Each of the battery packs includes a first connection port and a second connection port, the first connection port and the second connection port are connected, one of the first connection port and the second connection port is connected to the liquid supply main pipe, and the other is connected to the liquid return main pipe; Each of the power converters includes a third connection port and a fourth connection port, the third connection port and the fourth connection port being connected, one of the third connection port and the fourth connection port being connected to the main supply pipeline, and the other being connected to the main return pipeline.

14. A distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system, characterized in that, The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system includes multiple thermal management units, multiple battery clusters, a main liquid supply pipeline, and a main liquid return pipeline. Each of the multiple thermal management units is used to output a first cooling medium to the main liquid supply pipeline and receive the first cooling medium output from the main liquid return pipeline. The first cooling medium is used to exchange heat with the multiple battery clusters. Each of the multiple battery clusters includes multiple battery packs connected in series. Any one of the plurality of thermal management units is used to cool the second cooling medium through the compressor, condenser and evaporator in the thermal management unit, and the evaporator is used to receive the first cooling medium and exchange heat with the first cooling medium through the second cooling medium; The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system further includes a heat dissipation unit and a power converter for controlling the power conversion of the multiple battery packs. The heat dissipation unit includes a third interface and a fourth interface. Each of the multiple power converters includes a third connection port and a fourth connection port. The third interface is connected to the third connection port of any of the power converters. The third connection port and the fourth connection port are connected. The fourth interface is connected to the fourth connection port of any of the power converters. The heat dissipation unit is used to output a third cooling medium to the multiple power converters and to recover the third cooling medium output by the multiple power converters. The third cooling medium exchanges heat with the multiple power converters. The heat dissipation unit includes a second radiator, which is used to dissipate heat to the third cooling medium through a fan.

15. The distributed liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 14, characterized in that, It also includes a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve, wherein the three valve ports of the first three-way valve are respectively connected to the third interface, the third connecting port and the main liquid supply pipeline, and at least two valve ports of the first three-way valve are connected. The three valve ports of the second three-way valve are respectively connected to the fourth interface, the fourth connecting port and the return liquid main pipeline, and at least two valve ports of the second three-way valve are connected.

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