Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery pack comprises a battery box, a battery module, a temperature adjusting assembly and a phase change thermal insulation layer, and the battery box is provided with a mounting cavity; the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in the mounting cavity; the temperature adjusting assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity and is used for cooling or heating the plurality of battery cells; the phase change heat preservation layer is arranged on at least part of the outer surface of the battery box and is used for absorbing heat of the battery box or releasing latent heat to the battery box. In the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of battery cells of the battery module can be cooled or heated through the temperature adjusting assembly. In addition, when the battery box is subjected to heat preservation through the phase-change heat preservation layer, heat conducted out of the battery box can be absorbed through the phase-change material of the phase-change heat preservation layer. When the temperature of the battery box begins to be reduced to the preset temperature, the phase change of the phase change thermal insulation layer can release latent heat to maintain the temperature of the battery box, so that the cooling rate of the battery cell in the battery box is reduced, and the thermal insulation time of the battery cell is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, battery packs are insulated by injecting expanding foam between the battery cells inside the battery box and wrapping the outer surface of the battery box with insulating cotton. However, the insulation effect of expanding foam and insulating cotton is limited, and it is impossible to achieve the ideal cooling rate and insulation duration for the battery cells. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of this application provide a battery pack and a vehicle that can improve the technical problem of the battery pack cells having a fast cooling speed and a short heat preservation time.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, comprising:

[0005] Battery box with mounting cavity;

[0006] A battery module, comprising multiple battery cells disposed within the mounting cavity;

[0007] A temperature regulating component is disposed within the mounting cavity, and the temperature regulating component is used to cool or heat the plurality of battery cells;

[0008] A phase change insulation layer is disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery box. The phase change insulation layer is used to absorb heat from the battery box, or the phase change insulation layer is used to release latent heat to the battery box.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery box includes a box body and a box cover, the box body and the box cover enclosing the mounting cavity;

[0010] The phase change insulation layer is provided on the surface of the box cover away from the mounting cavity; and / or, the phase change insulation layer is provided on the surface of the box body away from the mounting cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments, the enclosure includes a side panel and a bottom panel, one end of the side panel is connected to the enclosure cover, and the other end of the side panel is connected to the bottom panel; the temperature regulating assembly includes a first liquid cooling plate.

[0012] Wherein, the first liquid cooling plate is located between the plurality of battery cells, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surfaces of the casing cover, the side plates, and the bottom plate opposite to the mounting cavity; or...

[0013] The first liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the side plate, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surface of the box cover and the bottom plate opposite to the mounting cavity.

[0014] In some embodiments, the enclosure includes a side panel and a bottom panel, one end of the side panel is connected to the enclosure lid, and the other end of the side panel is connected to the bottom panel; the temperature regulating assembly includes a second liquid cooling plate;

[0015] The second liquid cooling plate is located between the base plate and the battery module, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surfaces of the cover and the side plate opposite to the mounting cavity; or,

[0016] The second liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the box cover, and the side plate and the bottom plate are respectively provided with the phase change insulation layer on the surface opposite to the mounting cavity.

[0017] In some embodiments, the enclosure includes a side panel and a bottom panel, one end of the side panel is connected to the enclosure lid, and the other end of the side panel is connected to the bottom panel; the temperature regulating assembly includes a first liquid cooling plate and a second liquid cooling plate;

[0018] The first liquid cooling plate is located between the plurality of battery cells, the second liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the base plate, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surfaces of the case cover and the side plate opposite to the mounting cavity; or...

[0019] The first liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the side plate, the second liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the bottom plate, and the phase change insulation layer is provided on the surface of the cover away from the mounting cavity.

[0020] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation layer is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat.

[0021] The phase change insulation layer includes an inner surface, which is connected to the outer surface of the battery box; in the direction away from the inner surface, the mass proportion of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer gradually decreases; or...

[0022] The phase change insulation layer includes a first receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, and the volume of the first receiving cavity gradually decreases in the direction away from the inner surface.

[0023] In some embodiments, the thickness of the phase change insulation layer is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; and / or,

[0024] The phase change insulation layer is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat; the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the phase change insulation layer is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0025] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a phase change insulation element disposed within the mounting cavity, the phase change insulation element being located between the plurality of battery cells and the battery box.

[0026] In some embodiments, the battery module further includes a busbar connected to the same end of the plurality of battery cells; the phase change insulation component is located on the side of the busbar opposite to the plurality of battery cells.

[0027] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation layer is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat; the phase change insulation component is provided with a second phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat.

[0028] The mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the phase change insulation layer is less than the mass percentage of the second phase change structure in the phase change insulation component; or...

[0029] The phase change insulation layer includes a first receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, and the phase change insulation component includes a second receiving cavity for accommodating the second phase change structure. The total volume ratio of the first receiving cavity of the phase change insulation layer is smaller than the total volume ratio of the second receiving cavity of the phase change insulation component.

[0030] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation component is provided with a second phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat.

[0031] In the direction away from the plurality of battery cells, the mass proportion of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component gradually decreases; and / or,

[0032] The second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component accounts for more than or equal to 60% of the mass.

[0033] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation layer is a porous sponge layer, and a first phase change structure disposed within the porous sponge layer; and / or, the phase change insulation component comprises an organic phase change material.

[0034] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle including a battery pack as described above, the battery pack comprising:

[0035] Battery box with mounting cavity;

[0036] A battery module, comprising multiple battery cells disposed within the mounting cavity;

[0037] A temperature regulating component is disposed within the mounting cavity, and the temperature regulating component is used to cool or heat the plurality of battery cells;

[0038] A phase change insulation layer is disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery box. The phase change insulation layer is used to absorb heat from the battery box, or the phase change insulation layer is used to release latent heat to the battery box.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0040] The battery pack provided in this application embodiment arranges battery modules and a temperature regulation component within the mounting cavity of the battery box. The temperature regulation component cools or heats multiple cells of the battery module, maintaining the multiple cells in a suitable and stable operating state, thereby improving cell stability. Furthermore, a phase change insulation layer is applied to at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery box. This phase change insulation layer absorbs heat from the battery box or releases latent heat to the battery box. While insulating the battery box, the phase change material in the insulation layer also absorbs and stores heat conducted from the battery box. When the battery box temperature begins to drop to a predetermined temperature, the phase change insulation layer can release latent heat through phase change to maintain the battery box temperature, thereby reducing the cooling rate of the cells within the battery box and extending the cell insulation time. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery pack;

[0043] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery pack;

[0044] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery pack;

[0045] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery pack;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery pack.

[0047] Battery pack 1; battery box 10; box body 11; side plate 111; bottom plate 112; box cover 12; mounting cavity 101; battery module 20; battery cell 21; temperature regulation component 30; first liquid cooling plate 31; second liquid cooling plate 33; busbar 50; foam 60; phase change insulation component 70; phase change insulation layer 80; first sub-layer 81; inner surface 82. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0049] This application provides a battery pack and a vehicle.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery pack. Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 1 includes a battery box 10, a battery module 20, and a temperature regulation component 30. The battery box 10 has a mounting cavity 101. The battery module 20 and the temperature regulation component 30 are mounted in the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10, and the temperature regulation component 30 cools or heats the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20.

[0051] Specifically, the temperature regulating component 30 can exchange heat with the battery module 20 to cool or heat the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20. Specifically, the temperature regulating component 30 can absorb heat from the battery module 20 to cool it down. Alternatively, when the ambient temperature of the battery pack 1 is low, the temperature regulating component 30 can also heat the battery module 20 to increase its temperature.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery module 20 may include a plurality of battery cells 21 disposed within the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10. The battery cells 21 may be cylindrical cells 21, or cells 21 of other orientations or shapes.

[0053] The temperature regulation component 30 can be in direct contact with the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 or in spaced contact through a thermally conductive layer to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the temperature regulation component 30 and the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20, thereby improving the cooling or heating efficiency of the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20. Thermally conductive adhesive or thermally conductive silicone grease can be applied between the temperature regulation component 30 and the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 to ensure contact. Alternatively, the temperature regulation component 30 can be directly in contact with the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20, as long as rapid heat transfer can be achieved between the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 and the temperature regulation component 30.

[0054] In some embodiments, the temperature regulating assembly 30 includes a first liquid cooling plate 31 located between a plurality of battery cells 21. Thus, the first liquid cooling plate 31 passes through the gap between adjacent battery cells 21 and directly or indirectly contacts the outer peripheral surface of the battery cells 21, allowing heat exchange between the first liquid cooling plate 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the battery cells 21.

[0055] Alternatively, the first liquid cooling plate 31 can be located between the side plate 111 of the battery module 20 and the battery box 10, so as to cool or reduce the temperature of the battery cell 21 of the battery module 20 near the side plate 111 through the first liquid cooling plate 31.

[0056] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, the temperature regulation assembly 30 may also include a second liquid cooling plate 33, which is located between the battery module 20 and the inner wall of the battery box 10, so that the second liquid cooling plate 33 can contact multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 near the inner wall of the battery box 10 and cool or heat these battery cells 21.

[0057] The battery box 10 includes a box body 11 and a box cover 12, which together form a mounting cavity 101. The box body 11 includes a side plate 111 and a bottom plate 112. One end of the side plate 111 is connected to the box cover 12, and the other end of the side plate 111 is connected to the bottom plate 112. The second liquid cooling plate 33 can be located between the bottom plate 112 and the battery module 20, or between the battery module 20 and the box cover 12. Thus, the second liquid cooling plate 33 can directly or indirectly contact the end face of the battery cell 21 to allow heat exchange between the second liquid cooling plate 33 and the end face of the battery cell 21.

[0058] It should be noted that the temperature regulation component 30 may include both the first liquid cooling plate 31 and the second liquid cooling plate 33, or it may include only one of the first liquid cooling plate 31 and the second liquid cooling plate 33, depending on the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack 1.

[0059] Continue to refer to Figure 1The battery pack 1 also includes a busbar 50, which is connected to multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 to connect the multiple battery cells 21 in parallel and / or in series. The busbar 50 can be electrically connected to the same end of the multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 to facilitate its installation. Specifically, the end faces of the multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 near the cover 12 are respectively connected to the busbar 50.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 1 may further include a phase change insulation layer 80, which is disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery case 10. By providing the phase change insulation layer 80 on at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery case 10, the battery case 10 can be insulated by the phase change insulation layer 80, and the phase change material of the phase change insulation layer 80 can also absorb and store the heat conducted from the battery case 10. When the temperature of the battery case 10 begins to drop to a predetermined temperature, the phase change insulation layer 80 can release latent heat through phase change to maintain the temperature of the battery case 10, thereby reducing the cooling rate of the battery cells 21 inside the battery case 10 and extending the heat preservation time of the battery cells 21.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery box 10 includes a box body 11 and a box cover 12, which together form a mounting cavity 101. A phase change insulation layer 80 may be provided on the surface of the box cover 12 facing away from the mounting cavity 101. It is understood that since the busbar 50 is typically located near one end of the battery module 20's multiple cells 21 close to the box cover 12, when the battery pack 1 is charging and discharging, the busbar 50 and the end of the cells 21 near the box cover 12 will generate significant heat. A considerable amount of this heat will be conducted to the box cover 12 and dissipated through it.

[0062] By providing a phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the cover 12 away from the mounting cavity 101, the heat emitted from the cover 12 can be insulated and absorbed and stored, thereby reducing heat loss from the cover 12. Moreover, the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the cover 12 away from the mounting cavity 101 can absorb more heat. When the temperature of the battery box 10 begins to drop to a predetermined temperature, the phase change insulation layer 80 can release more latent heat through phase change, thereby maintaining the temperature of the battery box 10 for a longer period of time. This further reduces the cooling rate of the battery cells 21 inside the battery box 10 and extends the heat preservation time of the battery cells 21.

[0063] Specifically, the phase change insulation layer 80 can completely cover the surface of the cover 12 away from the mounting cavity 101. That is, the phase change insulation layer 80 on the cover 12 overlaps with the surface of the cover 12 away from the mounting cavity 101, so that the area of ​​the phase change insulation layer 80 on the cover 12 is as large as possible, thereby further improving the insulation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the cover 12.

[0064] Alternatively, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surface of the housing 11 opposite to the mounting cavity 101 to insulate the housing 11 and absorb and store the heat emitted by the housing 11. When the temperature of the battery box 10 begins to drop to a predetermined temperature, the phase change insulation layer 80 can release more latent heat through phase change to heat the housing 11, thereby maintaining the temperature of the battery box 10 for a longer period of time, further reducing the cooling rate of the battery cells 21 inside the battery box 10, and extending the heat preservation time of the battery cells 21.

[0065] It should be noted that the phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on both the cover 12 and the body 11 on the surface away from the mounting cavity 101, or the phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided only on the cover 12 or the body 11 on the surface away from the mounting cavity 101. Of course, the former can further improve the insulation effect of the battery box 10.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the side plate 111 of the housing 11 away from the mounting cavity 101, so that the phase change material of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the side plate 111 can absorb the heat of the side plate 111 and insulate the side plate 111, thereby further improving the heat preservation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the battery box 10.

[0067] Specifically, the housing 11 includes multiple side panels 111, which are sequentially connected along the circumference of the battery box 10. The same end of each side panel 111 is connected to a different edge of the bottom plate 112, and the other end of each side panel 111 is used to connect to a cover 12, so that the cover 12, the multiple side panels 111, and the bottom plate 112 of the housing 11 enclose a mounting cavity 101. A phase change insulation layer 80 is provided on the surface of each side panel 111 facing away from the mounting cavity 101.

[0068] In addition, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surface of the bottom plate 112 of the housing 11 that is away from the mounting cavity 101, so that the phase change material of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the bottom plate 112 can absorb the heat of the side plate 111 and insulate the bottom plate 112, thereby further improving the insulation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the battery box 10.

[0069] It should be noted that the phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surfaces of the bottom plate 112 and the side plate 111 of the housing 11 that are away from the mounting cavity 101 at the same time, or the phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided only on the surface of the housing 11 that is away from the mounting cavity 101, or the phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided only on the surface of the side plate 111 that is away from the mounting cavity 101. The specific method can be determined according to the position of the temperature regulation component 30 and the insulation requirements of the battery pack 1.

[0070] For example: Figure 1 As shown, when the temperature regulating component 30 includes a first liquid cooling plate 31 and the first liquid cooling plate 31 is disposed between multiple battery cells 21, since there is a certain gap between the first liquid cooling plate 31 and the bottom plate 112 and side plate 111 of the housing 11, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surfaces of the housing cover 12, side plate 111 and bottom plate 112 that are away from the mounting cavity 101.

[0071] At this time, the phase change insulation layer 80 located on the surface of the bottom plate 112 and / or the side plate 111 will not directly absorb the heat of the first liquid cooling plate 31, nor will it directly release the latent heat to the first liquid cooling plate 31. That is, the heat absorption and heat release process of the phase change insulation layer 80 located on the surface of the bottom plate 112 and / or the side plate 111 will not be interfered with by the first liquid cooling plate 31, so that the phase change insulation layer 80 can cover as much of the surface of the battery box 10 as possible, thereby improving the heat preservation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0072] Of course, the phase change insulation layer 80 may be provided only on the side plate 111 facing away from the mounting cavity 101, or the phase change insulation layer 80 may be provided only on the bottom plate 112 facing away from the mounting cavity 101.

[0073] When the first liquid cooling plate 31 is located between the side plate 111 of the battery module 20 and the battery box 10, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surface of the box cover 12 and the bottom plate 112 away from the mounting cavity 101.

[0074] It is understandable that when the first liquid cooling plate 31 is located between the battery module 20 and the side plate 111 of the battery box 10, the first liquid cooling plate 31 is close to the side plate 111. Therefore, there will be heat exchange between the first liquid cooling plate 31 and the side plate 111. The first liquid cooling plate 31 will block the heat exchange between the battery cell 21 of the battery module 20 and the side plate 111. If a phase change heat insulation layer 80 is provided on the surface of the side plate 111 away from the mounting cavity 101, the phase change heat insulation layer 80 cannot quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery cell 21. When the phase change heat insulation layer 80 releases latent heat, most of the latent heat will be first absorbed by the first liquid cooling plate 31. The latent heat cannot be effectively transferred to the battery cell 21. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively reduce the cooling rate of the battery cell 21 in the battery box 10 or extend the heat preservation time of the battery cell 21.

[0075] Therefore, when the first liquid cooling plate 31 is located between the battery module 20 and the side plate 111 of the battery box 10, the phase change insulation layer 80 is provided on the surfaces of the box cover 12 and the bottom plate 112 that are away from the mounting cavity 101, which helps to reduce the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80. Meanwhile, a regular insulation layer can be provided on the surface of the side plate 111 that is away from the mounting cavity 101 for insulation.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, when the temperature regulating component 30 includes a second liquid cooling plate 33, and the second liquid cooling plate 33 is located between the bottom plate 112 and the battery module 20, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surface of the cover 12 and the side plate 111 facing away from the mounting cavity 101, respectively.

[0077] It is understandable that when the second liquid cooling plate 33 is located between the base plate 112 and the battery module 20, the second liquid cooling plate 33 is close to the base plate 112, and there will be heat exchange between the second liquid cooling plate 33 and the base plate 112, which will block the heat exchange between the base plate 112 and the battery cell 21. If a phase change insulation layer 80 is provided on the surface of the base plate 112 away from the mounting cavity 101, the phase change material of the phase change insulation layer 80 cannot quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery cell 21, and when the phase change material of the phase change insulation layer 80 releases latent heat, most of the latent heat will be first absorbed by the second liquid cooling plate 33, and the latent heat cannot be effectively transferred to the battery cell 21. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively reduce the cooling rate of the battery cell 21 in the battery box 10 or extend the heat preservation time of the battery cell 21.

[0078] Therefore, when the second liquid cooling plate 33 is located between the base plate 112 and the multiple battery cells 21, the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80 is reduced by providing phase change insulation layers 80 on the surfaces of the cover 12 and the side plate 111 that are away from the mounting cavity 101. On the side of the base plate 112 away from the mounting cavity 101, the phase change insulation layer 80 may not be provided, or a regular insulation layer may suffice.

[0079] Similarly, when the second liquid cooling plate 33 is located between the battery module 20 and the cover 12, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the side plate 111 and the bottom plate 112 facing away from the mounting cavity 101, so as to reduce the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the second liquid cooling plate 33.

[0080] In other embodiments, when the temperature regulating component 30 includes a first liquid cooling plate 31 and a second liquid cooling plate 33, and the first liquid cooling plate 31 is located between multiple battery cells 21 and the second liquid cooling plate 33 is located between the battery module 20 and the base plate 112, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surface of the cover 12 and the side plate 111 facing away from the mounting cavity 101, so that the battery box 10 has a better insulation effect while reducing the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0081] Alternatively, when the temperature regulation component 30 includes a first liquid cooling plate 31 and a second liquid cooling plate 33, and the first liquid cooling plate 31 is located between the battery module 20 and the side plate 111, and the second liquid cooling plate 33 is located between the battery module 20 and the bottom plate 112, a phase change insulation layer 80 can be provided on the surface of the cover 12 away from the mounting cavity 101, so that the battery box 10 has a better insulation effect while reducing the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0082] In this embodiment, the phase change insulation layer 80 is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat. The material of the first phase change structure is a phase change material.

[0083] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the cover 12 can be greater than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the side plate 111. It is understood that since the busbar 50 is typically located near one end of the battery module 20's multiple cells 21 close to the cover 12, when the battery pack 1 is charging and discharging, the busbar 50 and the end of the cells 21 near the cover 12 will generate significant heat. Much of this heat will be conducted to the cover 12 and dissipated through it, resulting in a higher temperature for the cover 12 than for the side plate 111.

[0084] By making the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the lid 12 greater than that of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the side plate 111, the content of phase change material in the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the lid 12 and the side plate 111 can be adapted to the temperature of the lid 12 and the side plate 111. This ensures the insulation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80 while minimizing the amount of phase change material used, which helps to reduce the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, the phase change insulation layer 80 includes an inner surface that is connected to the outer surface of the battery box 10. In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 can be gradually reduced in the direction away from the inner surface, thereby improving the insulation performance of the phase change insulation layer 80 and increasing the efficiency of the phase change insulation layer 80 in absorbing heat.

[0086] Understandably, when the temperature of the battery box 10 is high, the first phase change structure closer to the battery box 10 within the phase change insulation layer 80 absorbs heat first. By gradually decreasing the mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the phase change insulation layer 80 away from the inner surface, more of the first phase change structure within the phase change insulation layer 80 can be brought closer to the battery box 10 to quickly absorb heat from the battery box 10, thus achieving rapid cooling of the battery box 10 and the battery cells 21 and busbar 50 within it. Moreover, the portion of the phase change insulation layer 80 farther from the battery box 10 has a relatively lower content of first phase change structure, resulting in better insulation performance. This helps reduce the heat dissipated by the phase change insulation layer 80 and improves its insulation effect.

[0087] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the phase change insulation layer 80 can include a plurality of first sub-layers 81 sequentially distributed along the direction away from the inner surface. The mass proportion of the phase change material in the plurality of first sub-layers 81 gradually decreases along the direction away from the inner surface, so that the mass proportion of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 gradually decreases in the direction away from the inner surface. Adjacent first sub-layers 81 can be connected by adhesive or other means. Of course, the amount of first phase change structure contained in different regions of the phase change insulation layer 80 can also be made different by adsorption or other means, so that the mass proportion of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 gradually decreases in the direction away from the inner surface.

[0088] It should be noted that the mass percentage of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surfaces of the lid 12 and the body 11 can gradually decrease in the direction away from the inner surface. Alternatively, as... Figure 3 As shown, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the cover 12 can also be gradually reduced in the direction away from the inner surface. Of course, the former can further reduce the heat dissipated by the phase change insulation layer 80 and improve the insulation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0089] From another perspective, the phase change insulation layer 80 may include a first receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure. In the direction away from the inner surface, the volume of the first receiving cavity may be gradually reduced so that the mass proportion of the first phase change structure gradually decreases.

[0090] In some embodiments, the thickness of the phase change insulation layer 80 can be greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, thereby enabling the phase change insulation layer 80 to have a good insulation effect without excessively increasing the overall volume of the battery pack 1. The thickness of the phase change insulation layer 80 can be 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, etc., depending on factors such as the insulation requirements and size requirements of the battery pack 1.

[0091] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 can be greater than or equal to 60%, thereby giving the phase change insulation layer 80 higher heat absorption efficiency and heat absorption capacity. The mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 can be 65%, 70%, 80%, etc., and can be determined based on factors such as the maximum heat output of the battery module 20 and the material of the phase change material.

[0092] Specifically, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the cover 12 can be greater than or equal to 60%. Additionally, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 on the surface of the body 11 can be greater than or equal to 60%.

[0093] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation layer 80 may include a porous sponge layer and a first phase change structure disposed within the porous sponge layer. This allows the phase change material to be adsorbed into the pores of the porous sponge layer, forming the first phase change structure within the porous sponge layer, thus facilitating the processing of the phase change insulation layer 80. Simultaneously, the porous sponge layer also possesses good thermal insulation properties, which helps improve the thermal insulation effect of the phase change insulation layer 80. Of course, the phase change insulation component 70 may also include other materials with thermal insulation effects; this is not limited here.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 1 may further include a phase change insulation element 70 disposed within the mounting cavity 101, located between the plurality of battery cells 21 and the battery case 10. Thus, the phase change insulation element 70 can isolate the battery cells 21 from the inner wall of the battery case 10 and insulate the battery cells 21, reducing the rate at which heat is transferred from the battery cells 21 to the inner wall of the battery case 10. Simultaneously, the phase change insulation element 70 can also absorb heat from the battery cells 21. When heating of the battery cells 21 is required, the phase change insulation element 70 can release latent heat through phase change to heat the battery cells 21, which helps to reduce the cooling rate of the battery cells 21 and extend the heat preservation time of the battery cells 21. Moreover, by absorbing heat from the battery cells 21 through the phase change insulation element 70, the temperature of the battery cells 21 can be reduced, thereby reducing the temperature difference between different parts of the battery cells 21.

[0095] The battery module 20 also includes a busbar 50 connected to the same end of multiple battery cells 21. A phase change insulation component 70 can be located on the side of the busbar 50 facing away from the multiple battery cells 21. Thus, the phase change insulation component 70 can isolate the hotter battery cells 21 and the busbar 50 from the inner wall of the battery box 10. Furthermore, the phase change material of the phase change insulation component 70 can simultaneously absorb heat from both the battery cells 21 and the busbar 50, resulting in greater heat absorption and release of latent heat, which helps extend the heat preservation time of the battery cells 21.

[0096] In this embodiment, the phase change insulation component 70 is provided with a second phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat. The material of the second phase change structure is a phase change material.

[0097] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 can be less than the mass ratio of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70, so as to effectively reduce the temperature inside the battery box 10 while giving the phase change insulation layer 80 a better insulation effect.

[0098] It is understandable that since some of the heat generated by the battery cell 21 will be absorbed by the phase change insulation component 70 inside the battery box 10, and some of the heat will be transferred to the battery box 10, the heat absorption requirements of the battery box 10 can be met by setting a small amount of phase change material inside the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0099] Therefore, by making the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 smaller than the mass ratio of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70, the heat absorption efficiency of the phase change insulation layer 80 and the phase change insulation component 70 can be matched with the temperature of the battery cell 21 and the battery box 10. This effectively reduces the temperature difference of the battery cell 21 and provides insulation for the battery box 10, while also reducing the cost of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0100] From another perspective, the phase change insulation component 70 includes a second receiving cavity for accommodating the second phase change structure, which can make the total volume ratio of the first receiving cavity of the phase change insulation layer 80 smaller than the total volume ratio of the second receiving cavity of the phase change insulation component 70, thereby making the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 smaller than the mass ratio of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70.

[0101] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the second phase change structure in the phase change insulation component 70 can be gradually reduced in the direction away from the multiple battery cells 21. This allows the second phase change structure within the phase change insulation component 70 to be as close as possible to the battery cells 21, enabling faster absorption of heat from the battery cells 21 and rapid cooling of the battery cells 21. Furthermore, the relatively low content of the second phase change structure in the portion of the phase change insulation component 70 away from the battery cells 21 improves the insulation effect of that portion of the phase change insulation component 70.

[0102] The phase change insulation component 70 may include multiple layers of second sub-layers distributed sequentially along the direction away from the battery cell 21. The mass proportion of the second phase change structure in the multiple layers of second sub-layers gradually decreases along the direction away from the battery cell 21, so that the mass proportion of the second phase change structure in the phase change insulation component 70 gradually decreases along the direction away from the battery cell 21. The multiple layers of second sub-layers may be connected together by adhesive or other means.

[0103] Of course, the amount of phase change material contained in different regions of the phase change insulation component 70 can also be made different through adsorption or other means, so that the mass ratio of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70 gradually decreases in the direction away from the battery cell 21.

[0104] In some embodiments, the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70 may account for more than or equal to 60% of its mass, thereby giving the phase change insulation component 70 higher heat absorption efficiency and heat absorption capacity. It should be noted that the mass percentage of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70 may be 65%, 70%, 80%, etc., depending on the heat absorption efficiency and heat absorption capacity of the phase change insulation component 70 for the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20.

[0105] In this embodiment, the phase change insulation component 70 and the phase change insulation layer 80 can be made of the same or different materials. As long as the second phase change structure in the phase change insulation component 70 can absorb heat and release latent heat, and the phase change insulation component 70 can keep the battery cell 21 warm.

[0106] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation component 70 includes an organic phase change material. Specifically, the phase change material of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component 70 may include an organic phase change material, thereby giving the phase change insulation component 70 better insulation properties.

[0107] Of course, the phase change material of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer 80 can also include organic phase change materials, thereby giving the phase change insulation layer 80 better insulation performance.

[0108] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the phase change insulation component 70 may not be installed inside the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10. In this case, the heat from the battery cell 21 and the busbar 50 will be transferred to the box body 11 and the box cover 12 of the battery box 10 and absorbed by the phase change material of the phase change insulation layer 80.

[0109] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 1 also includes expanding foam 60 filled between the battery cell 21 and the battery box 10, or between the battery cells 21. Thus, the expanding foam 60 can be used to position and insulate the battery cell 21.

[0110] This application also provides a vehicle that includes a battery pack. The specific structure of the battery pack is as described in the above embodiments. Since this vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0111] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment has a battery module 20 and a temperature regulation component 30 disposed within the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10, and the temperature regulation component 30 is in thermal contact with multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20, so that the temperature regulation component 30 can cool or heat the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20. Furthermore, a phase change insulation layer 80 with a phase change material is disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery box 10. While the phase change insulation layer 80 insulates the battery box 10, it can also absorb heat conducted from the battery box 10 through the phase change material. When the temperature of the battery box 10 begins to drop to a predetermined temperature, the phase change of the phase change insulation layer 80 can release latent heat to maintain the temperature of the battery box 10, thereby reducing the cooling rate of the cells 21 inside the battery box 10, extending the insulation time of the cells 21, and thus improving the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0112] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, include: Battery box with mounting cavity; A battery module, comprising multiple battery cells disposed within the mounting cavity; A temperature regulating component is disposed within the mounting cavity, and the temperature regulating component is used to cool or heat the plurality of battery cells; A phase change insulation layer is disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery box. The phase change insulation layer is used to absorb heat from the battery box, or the phase change insulation layer is used to release latent heat to the battery box.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The battery box includes a box body and a box cover, and the box body and the box cover together form the mounting cavity; The phase change insulation layer is provided on the surface of the box cover away from the mounting cavity; and / or, the phase change insulation layer is provided on the surface of the box body away from the mounting cavity.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The enclosure includes a side panel and a bottom panel. One end of the side panel is connected to the enclosure cover, and the other end of the side panel is connected to the bottom panel. The temperature regulation assembly includes a first liquid cooling plate. Wherein, the first liquid cooling plate is located between the plurality of battery cells, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surfaces of the casing cover, the side plates, and the bottom plate opposite to the mounting cavity; or... The first liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the side plate, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surface of the cover and the bottom plate opposite to the mounting cavity.

4. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The enclosure includes a side panel and a bottom panel, one end of the side panel is connected to the enclosure cover, and the other end of the side panel is connected to the bottom panel; the temperature regulation assembly includes a second liquid cooling plate; The second liquid cooling plate is located between the base plate and the battery module, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surface of the box cover and the side plate opposite to the mounting cavity; or, The second liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the box cover, and the side plate and the bottom plate are respectively provided with the phase change insulation layer on the surface opposite to the mounting cavity.

5. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The enclosure includes a side panel and a bottom panel, one end of the side panel is connected to the enclosure lid, and the other end of the side panel is connected to the bottom panel; the temperature regulation assembly includes a first liquid cooling plate and a second liquid cooling plate; The first liquid cooling plate is located between the plurality of battery cells, the second liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the base plate, and the phase change insulation layer is respectively provided on the surface of the box cover and the side plate opposite to the mounting cavity; or, The first liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the side plate, the second liquid cooling plate is located between the battery module and the bottom plate, and the phase change insulation layer is provided on the surface of the cover away from the mounting cavity.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The phase change insulation layer is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat. The phase change insulation layer includes an inner surface, which is connected to the outer surface of the battery box; In the direction away from the inner surface, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure of the phase change insulation layer gradually decreases; or, The phase change insulation layer includes a first receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, and the volume of the first receiving cavity gradually decreases in the direction away from the inner surface.

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The thickness of the phase change insulation layer is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; and / or, The phase change insulation layer is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat; the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the phase change insulation layer is greater than or equal to 60%.

8. The battery pack of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The battery pack also includes a phase change insulation component disposed within the mounting cavity, the phase change insulation component being located between the plurality of battery cells and the battery box.

9. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein, The battery module also includes a busbar connected to the same end of the plurality of battery cells; the phase change insulation component is located on the side of the busbar away from the plurality of battery cells.

10. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein, The phase change insulation layer is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat; the phase change insulation component is provided with a second phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat. The mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the phase change insulation layer is less than the mass percentage of the second phase change structure in the phase change insulation component; or... The phase change insulation layer includes a first receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, and the phase change insulation component includes a second receiving cavity for accommodating the second phase change structure. The total volume ratio of the first receiving cavity of the phase change insulation layer is smaller than the total volume ratio of the second receiving cavity of the phase change insulation component.

11. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein, The phase change insulation component is provided with a second phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat. In the direction away from the plurality of battery cells, the mass proportion of the second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component gradually decreases; and / or, The second phase change structure of the phase change insulation component accounts for more than or equal to 60% of the mass.

12. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein, The phase change insulation layer is a porous sponge layer, and a first phase change structure disposed within the porous sponge layer; and / or, the phase change insulation component comprises an organic phase change material.

13. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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