A small lifting blade for an agricultural harvester

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a small lifting blade for an agricultural harvester. It includes a fixed blade, a driving blade, a lifting beam, a transverse optical axis fixing seat, an optical axis slider, an optical axis, a crank-rocker mechanism, a lead screw motor, and a lead screw nut. The fixed blade is connected to the bottom of the lifting beam. The driving blade is connected to the lifting beam via the optical axis, the optical axis slider, and the transverse optical axis fixing seat. Simultaneously, the crank-rocker mechanism is connected to both the driving blade and the lifting beam, providing power to the driving blade. The lead screw nut connects the lead screw to the lifting beam, and the side slider is connected to the outer side of the lifting beam and slidably connected to the side rail. This utility model replaces the traditional rotating blade, providing more stable cutting of crops. Furthermore, the lifting beam is controlled by the lead screw motor, allowing the blade to adapt to harvesting crops at different heights, improving harvesting efficiency and quality. The blade offers stable cutting, high efficiency, and flexible lifting, making it suitable for small-scale crop harvesting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a small lifting blade for an agricultural harvester. Background Technology

[0002] my country has a vast territory, encompassing various temperature zones from north to south, including cold temperate, temperate, warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical zones, as well as the unique Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Consequently, there is a wide variety of small-scale crops, with scattered cultivation areas. For example, chives, a common plant in the lily family (Allium genus), are highly adaptable, cold- and heat-resistant, and are widely cultivated throughout China. In many southern regions, they can grow year-round, while in the north, although the above-ground parts die back in winter, the underground parts enter dormancy and sprout new shoots in spring.

[0003] Traditional small-scale crop harvesting is mostly done manually, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. While existing harvesters have improved harvesting efficiency to some extent, their blades are disc-shaped rotating blades, which are unstable in cutting. Harvesting requires high blade speeds, and they cannot be raised or lowered flexibly, making them unsuitable for harvesting small crops of different heights. Therefore, the types of crops that can be harvested are limited. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned problems of manual harvesting, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a small lifting blade for an agricultural harvester. This lifting blade has a simple structure, high cutting efficiency, and flexible lifting, which can meet the different harvesting height requirements of various small crops and make up for the instability of rotating blades.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model includes a fixed blade, an active blade, a lifting beam, a side slide rail, a crank-rocker mechanism, and a lifting drive mechanism. The side slide rail is installed on a harvester, and the lifting beam is slidably connected to the side slide rail. The lifting beam moves up and down along the side slide rail via the lifting drive mechanism. The fixed blade is fixed on the lifting beam and moves up and down with the lifting beam. The fixed blade is equipped with an active blade. The crank-rocker mechanism is installed on the lifting beam, and the rocker arm in the crank-rocker mechanism is connected to the active blade, driving the active blade to move left and right relative to the fixed blade, thereby achieving shearing harvesting.

[0007] The crank-rocker mechanism includes a crank, connecting rod, rocker arm, crank-rocker motor, connecting plate, bearing seat, and mounting plate. The mounting plate is fixed to the lifting beam. The crank-rocker motor and bearing seat are respectively fixed to the mounting plate. One end of the crank is connected to the output end of the crank-rocker motor, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the rocker arm. The other end of the rocker arm is movably connected to the bearing seat. A connecting plate fixed to the active blade is installed on the rocker arm. Driven by the crank-rocker motor, the rocker arm drives the active blade to move back and forth through the connecting plate.

[0008] The lifting drive mechanism includes a lead screw motor and a lead screw nut. The lead screw motor is fixed on the harvester, and the lead screw nut is installed on the lifting beam. The lifting beam has an opening at a position corresponding to the inner hole of the lead screw nut. The lead screw of the lead screw motor is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut and passes through the opening into the lifting beam. The lifting beam is lifted and lowered by the drive of the lead screw motor.

[0009] The fixed blade is fixedly connected to lifting beams on both the left and right sides. Each side of the lifting beam is provided with a side slide rail on the outer side, and each side of the lifting beam is provided with a side slider that is slidably connected to the side slide rail on the same side.

[0010] The inner sides of the lifting beams on both sides are fixed with transverse optical axis fixing seats, and an optical axis is provided between the transverse optical axis fixing seats on both sides. An optical axis slider is slidably connected on the optical axis, and the active blade is linked to the optical axis slider.

[0011] Both the fixed blade and the active blade have serrated shearing ends.

[0012] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. High cutting efficiency: This utility model adopts a combination of fixed blades and active blades to harvest crops using a shearing cutting method, replacing the traditional disc-type rotating blade cutting method, thus improving cutting efficiency and effectively increasing the efficiency of harvesting small crops.

[0014] 2. High adaptability: The lifting beam of this utility model is raised and lowered by a screw motor and screw nut, and the height of the blades can be flexibly adjusted according to the height of small crops to adapt to the harvesting of crops of different heights.

[0015] 3. High motion stability: This utility model adopts a side slide rail and side slider to guide the rise and fall of the lifting beam, which improves the stability of the tool movement, reduces friction, and makes the cutting more stable; and uses shearing force to replace the traditional disc-type tool harvesting method, making the cutting more stable.

[0016] 4. This utility model has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and maintain, and solves the problem that crop harvesters need to replace or customize blades for each type of crop, thus reducing production costs.

[0017] 5. Taking the harvesting of chives as an example, this utility model can effectively improve the harvesting quality of chives and reduce the loss of small crops. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Wherein: 1 is the fixed blade, 2 is the active blade, 3 is the lifting beam, 4 is the side slide rail, 5 is the side slider, 6 is the transverse optical axis fixing seat, 7 is the optical axis slider, 8 is the optical axis, 9 is the crank rocker mechanism, 901 is the crank, 902 is the connecting rod, 903 is the rocker, 904 is the crank rocker motor, 905 is the connecting plate, 906 is the bearing seat, 907 is the mounting plate, 10 is the lead screw motor, and 11 is the lead screw nut. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model includes a fixed blade 1, an active blade 2, a lifting beam 3, a side slide rail 4, a crank rocker mechanism 9, and a lifting drive mechanism. The side slide rail 4 is installed on the harvester, and the lifting beam 3 is slidably connected to the side slide rail. The lifting beam 3 moves up and down along the side slide rail 4 through the lifting drive mechanism. The fixed blade 1 is fixed on the lifting beam 3 and moves up and down with the lifting beam 3. The fixed blade 1 is equipped with an active blade 2. The crank rocker mechanism 9 is installed on the lifting beam 3. The rocker arm 903 in the crank rocker mechanism 9 is connected to the active blade 2, driving the active blade 2 to move left and right relative to the fixed blade 1, thereby realizing the shearing harvesting.

[0025] The lifting beam 3 is used for the support and connection of the entire lifting cutter. In this embodiment, the left and right sides of the fixed blade 1 are both fixed with lifting beams 3, and the fixed blade 1 is fixed to the bottom surface of the two lifting beams 3. Each side of the lifting beam 3 is provided with a side slide rail 4 on the outer side, and each side of the lifting beam 3 is provided with a side slider 5 that is slidably connected to the side slide rail 4 on the same side. The side slider 5 and the side slide rail 4 guide the movement of the lifting beam 3, reduce friction, and also play a fixing role. The inner sides of the two lifting beams 3 are both fixed with transverse optical axis fixing seats 6. An optical axis 8 is provided between the two transverse optical axis fixing seats 6. An optical axis slider 7 is slidably connected on the optical axis 8. The active blade 2 is fixed to the bottom surface of the optical axis slider 7. The active blade is connected to the inner wall of the lifting beam by the transverse optical axis fixing seats 6. The optical axis slider 7 moves together with the active blade 2 and plays a guiding role when the active blade 2 moves. The transverse optical axis fixing seats 6 abut against the upper surface of the active blade 2 and can also press the fixed blade 1 and the active blade 2 tightly.

[0026] In this embodiment, the active blade 2 is closely attached to the upper surface of the fixed blade 1. Both the fixed blade 1 and the active blade 2 are rectangular, and the cutting ends (i.e., one long side of the rectangle) of both the fixed blade 1 and the active blade 2 are serrated to facilitate the fixed blade 1 and the active blade 2 to harvest in a cutting manner.

[0027] The crank-rocker mechanism 9 converts the rotation of the crank-rocker motor into the rotation of the crank, providing power for the reciprocating motion of the tool. The crank-rocker mechanism 9 of this embodiment includes a crank 901, a connecting rod 902, a rocker arm 903, a crank-rocker motor 904, a connecting plate 905, a bearing seat 906, and a mounting plate 907. The mounting plate 907 is fixed between the lifting beams 3 on both sides. The crank-rocker motor 904 and the bearing seat 906 are respectively fixed on the front and rear sides of the mounting plate 907. One end of the crank 901 is connected to the output end of the crank-rocker motor 904, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting rod 902. The other end of the connecting rod 902 is connected to one end of the rocker arm 903. The other end of the rocker arm 903 is connected to the bearing seat 906 through a linear bearing, which can move relative to each other. The connecting plate 905 is mounted on the rocker arm 903. The bottom of the connecting plate 905 is fixed to the upper surface of the active blade 2. Under the drive of the crank-rocker motor 904, the rocker arm 903 provides the active blade 2 with power for periodic left-right movement through the connecting plate 905.

[0028] The lifting drive mechanism of this embodiment includes a lead screw motor 10 and a lead screw nut 11. The lead screw motor 10 is fixed on the harvester, the side slider 5 is fixed on the outer side of one end of the lifting beam 3, and the lead screw nut 11 is installed on the upper surface of the other end of the lifting beam 3. The other end of the lifting beam 3 has an opening corresponding to the position of the inner hole of the lead screw nut 11. The diameter of the opening is determined by the diameter of the lead screw. The lead screw of the lead screw motor 10 is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut 11 and passes through the opening of the lifting beam 3. The lead screw is driven to rotate by the lead screw motor 10. The lifting of the lifting beam 3 is realized by the threaded connection between the lead screw and the lead screw nut 11.

[0029] In this embodiment, the fixed blade 1 is 30 cm long, with a tooth width of 2 cm and 10 teeth; the active blade 2 is 21 cm long, with a tooth width of 2 cm and 7 teeth. The fixed blade 1 and the active blade 2 are made of wear-resistant and sharp materials, such as high-carbon steel or alloy steel (high-carbon steel is used in this embodiment) to ensure cutting efficiency and service life.

[0030] In this embodiment, the lifting beam 3 has a cross-sectional dimension of 20mm×20mm and a length of 50cm. The material used is a high-strength and high-rigidity material, such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel (stainless steel is used in this embodiment), to ensure the stability of the cutting tool.

[0031] In this embodiment, the side slide rail 4 is 40 cm long, and the side slider 5 is 10 mm × 20 mm × 30 mm in size. The side slide rail 4 and the side slider 5 are made of low-friction materials, such as nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE is used in this embodiment), to reduce frictional resistance.

[0032] In this embodiment, the optical axis 8 has a diameter of 10mm and a length of 30cm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the crank-rocker motor 904 has a rotational speed of 95 r / min, and the rocker arm 903 has a stroke of 4 cm.

[0034] In this embodiment, the lead screw pitch is 4mm. The lead screw and lead screw nut 11 are made of wear-resistant and high-precision materials, such as carbon steel and stainless steel (stainless steel is used in this embodiment), to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of lifting.

[0035] This invention is applicable to the harvesting of single-root crops (such as chives or beans). Taking the harvesting of chives as an example, the working steps of this invention are divided into four stages:

[0036] Descent phase: Start the lead screw motor 10, and drive the lifting beam 3 to descend through the threaded connection between the lead screw nut 11 and the lead screw of the lead screw motor 10, until the fixed blade 1 and the active blade 2 contact the chives.

[0037] Cutting stage: Start the crank-rocker motor 904 to drive the crank 901 to rotate. The rotation of the crank 901 is transmitted to the rocker 903 through the connecting rod 902. The rocker 903 drives the active blade 2 to reciprocate through the connecting plate 905 to cut the chives.

[0038] Follow-up stage: As the chives are harvested, the lifting beam 3 is slowly raised by the screw motor 10 to maintain the relative height between the blades and the chives, adapting to the harvesting of chives at different heights.

[0039] Rising phase: After harvesting is completed, the lifting beam 3 is raised to the initial position by the lead screw motor 10, and the crank rocker motor 904 is stopped, completing one harvesting process.

Claims

1. A small lifting blade for an agricultural harvester, characterized in that: The harvester includes a fixed blade (1), an active blade (2), a lifting beam (3), a side slide rail (4), a crank rocker mechanism (9), and a lifting drive mechanism. The side slide rail (4) is installed on the harvester, and the lifting beam (3) is slidably connected to the side slide rail. The lifting beam (3) moves up and down along the side slide rail (4) through the lifting drive mechanism. The fixed blade (1) is fixed on the lifting beam (3) and moves up and down with the lifting beam (3). The fixed blade (1) is provided with an active blade (2). The crank rocker mechanism (9) is installed on the lifting beam (3). The rocker arm (903) in the crank rocker mechanism (9) is connected to the active blade (2) and drives the active blade (2) to move left and right relative to the fixed blade (1), thereby realizing shearing harvesting.

2. The small lifting blade of the agricultural harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank-rocker mechanism (9) includes a crank (901), a connecting rod (902), a rocker arm (903), a crank-rocker motor (904), a connecting plate (905), a bearing seat (906), and a mounting plate (907). The mounting plate (907) is fixedly connected to the lifting beam (3). The crank-rocker motor (904) and the bearing seat (906) are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate (907). One end of the crank (901) is connected to the output end of the crank-rocker motor (904). One end of the connecting rod (902) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (902), and the other end of the rocker arm (903) is connected to one end of the rocker arm (903) in a way that allows relative movement between the rocker arm (903) and the bearing seat (906). A connecting plate (905) is mounted on the rocker arm (903) and fixedly connected to the active blade (2). Driven by the crank rocker motor (904), the rocker arm (903) drives the active blade (2) to move back and forth through the connecting plate (905).

3. The small lifting blade of the agricultural harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism includes a lead screw motor (10) and a lead screw nut (11). The lead screw motor (10) is fixed on the harvester, and the lead screw nut (11) is installed on the lifting beam (3). The lifting beam (3) has a hole at the position corresponding to the inner hole of the lead screw nut (11). The lead screw of the lead screw motor (10) is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut (11) and passes through the lifting beam (3) through the hole. The lifting beam (3) is lifted and lowered by the drive of the lead screw motor (10).

4. The small lifting blade of the agricultural harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed blade (1) is fixed with lifting beams (3) on both the left and right sides. Each side of the lifting beam (3) is provided with a side slide rail (4) on the outside. Each side of the lifting beam (3) is provided with a side slider (5) that is slidably connected to the side slide rail (4) on the same side.

5. The small lifting blade of the agricultural harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner sides of the lifting beams (3) on both sides are fixed with transverse optical axis fixing seats (6), and an optical axis (8) is provided between the transverse optical axis fixing seats (6) on both sides. An optical axis slider (7) is slidably connected on the optical axis (8), and the active blade (2) is connected to the optical axis slider (7).

6. The small lifting blade of the agricultural harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shearing ends of both the fixed blade (1) and the active blade (2) are serrated.

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